A stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator

Abstract

The present invention provides a stator permanent magnet switch reluctance generator, which belongs to the field of motors, and includes a stator core and a rotor disk, wherein the stator core is provided with a permanent magnet sheet, the rotor disk is provided with a magnetic conductive block, and the stator core is provided with a concentrated winding; the magnetic conductive block is arranged correspondingly to the permanent magnet sheet, and a two-phase induced voltage with a phase difference is generated, that is, a first winding and a second winding of a two-phase alternating current are formed, and are connected to form a unidirectional conductive feedback circuit; a resistor or a capacitor inductor for controlling the current size of the feedback circuit is arranged between the first winding and the second winding, and a diode or a triode for ensuring the unidirectional flow of current is also arranged. The feedback circuit provided by the present invention reduces the running resistance of the motor and is more efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of motors and relates to a stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the advancement of technology, more and more fields tend to be electric-driven, and the application of motors and generators is becoming more and more extensive. Generators have made great progress in recent years. As a new type of generator, the switched reluctance generator has outstanding advantages.

[0003] Generators with mutual feedback between various phases of electricity and between the power grid and the generator windings have also appeared. For example, wind power generation has developed a double-feedback generator. The double-feedback generator uses a double-fed inverter to perform AC excitation on the rotor. As the rotor speed changes, the frequency amplitude, phase sequence and phase of the AC excitation AC power are changed. The basic meaning of double feed is: two-way feedback of energy, that is, the mutual feedback of energy between the strong electricity of the generator has also become a new direction for the development of generators. In addition to double-fed generators, two-phase and four-phase magnetic positive feedback oscillation generators, internal feedback generators, etc. are also emerging in an endless stream.

[0004] Regardless of which of the above reluctance generators, there are problems of excessive resistance and low efficiency, which require further optimization and improvement. Summary of the invention

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator, which is provided with a unidirectional feedback circuit, has a simple structure, reduces operating resistance and has higher efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator, comprising a stator core and a rotor disk, wherein the stator core is provided with a permanent magnet sheet, the rotor disk is provided with a magnetic conductive block, and the stator core is provided with a concentrated winding;

[0007] The magnetic conductive blocks and the permanent magnetic sheets are arranged correspondingly to generate a two-phase induced voltage with a phase difference, that is, a first winding and a second winding of a two-phase alternating current are formed, which are connected to form a unidirectional conductive feedback circuit;

[0008] A resistor or capacitor inductor for controlling the current of the feedback circuit is arranged between the first winding and the second winding, and a diode or transistor for ensuring the unidirectional flow of the current is also arranged.

[0009] Furthermore, the phase difference between the first winding and the second winding is 180 degrees, and the first winding and the second winding flow through the resistor and then through the diode according to the flow direction of the current to form a unidirectional feedback circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, output terminals are provided at the four corners of the feedback circuit, the output terminals of the first winding are marked as the first output terminal and the second output terminal; the output terminals of the second winding are marked as the third output terminal and the fourth output terminal, the first winding and the second winding are divided into an A terminal and a B terminal, the A and B terminals are connected in sequence, the A and B terminals are determined by a test DC power supply, and measured under magnetic open circuit conditions, the positive pole of the DC power is connected to the A terminal, and the negative pole is connected to the B terminal, at this time the magnetic field strength on the stator permanent magnet sheet will decrease.

[0011] Furthermore, the structure is a single rotor disk axial magnetic field stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator, the ratio of the number of permanent magnet pieces to the number of magnetic conductive blocks is 2:3, and one rotor disk generates a two-phase induced voltage with a phase difference.

[0012] Furthermore, the shell includes a left end cover and a right end cover, a rotatably connected transmission shaft is provided inside the shell, the rotor disk is fixed on the transmission shaft, one side of the rotor disk realizes axial positioning of the rotor disk through a shoulder structure on the transmission shaft, and the other side is provided with an anti-loosening pad, a clamping nut and a clearance adjustment ring in sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, the structure is a double rotor disk axial magnetic field stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator, the number of magnetic blocks embedded in the double rotor disks is equal to the number of permanent magnet pieces on the stator core, and the magnetic pole phase difference between the magnetic blocks on the double rotor disks is 180 degrees.

[0014] Furthermore, a magnetic isolation sheet is provided between the two stator cores.

[0015] Furthermore, the structure is a two-section rotor radial magnetic field stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator, the number of permanent magnet sheets is consistent with the number of magnetic blocks, the magnetic pole phase difference between the magnetic blocks on the two sections of the rotor disk is 180 degrees, or the magnetic pole phase difference between the magnetic blocks on the two sections of the rotor disk is zero, and the magnetic pole phase difference between the permanent magnet sheets on the two sections of the stator core is 180 degrees.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects.

[0017] 1. The present invention sets a unidirectional conduction feedback circuit. Since the feedback for reducing electromagnetic resistance is connected between the two phases, the running resistance is smaller and the power generation efficiency of the generator is higher;

[0018] 2. In addition to the common advantages of the stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator, the present invention adopts a structure in which a magnetic salient pole is embedded in a rotor disk made of non-magnetic high-strength material. Since the mechanical strength of the rotor force-bearing parts is higher, the rotor can operate at a higher speed;

[0019] 3. Embodiment 1 of the present invention adopts a ratio of 2:3 between the number of stator permanent magnet poles and the number of rotor magnetic conductive poles. This ratio can ensure that two two-phase induced voltages with a phase difference of 180 degrees are generated by one rotor disk, and the structure is simpler and more compact, occupying less space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a connection diagram of the unidirectional conduction feedback circuit of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] 1. Magnetic block; 2. Permanent magnet sheet; 3. Concentrated winding; 31. First winding; 32. Second winding; 33. Deep groove ball bearing; 4. Stator core; 5. Left end cover; 6. Rotor disk; 7. Right end cover; 8. Transmission shaft; 9. Anti-loosening pad; 10. Pressure nut; 11. Gap adjustment ring; 12. Fastening screw; 13. Angular contact bearing; 212. Intermediate housing; 213. Magnetic isolation sheet; 53. Diode; 54. Resistor; 55. First output terminal; 56. Second output terminal; 57. Third output terminal; 58. Fourth output terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Conventional stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generators will be equipped with feedback circuits. Different feedback circuits play different roles. In the amplifier circuit, the introduction of voltage negative feedback will keep the output voltage stable, which has the effect of reducing the output resistance of the circuit; while current negative feedback will keep the output current stable, thereby increasing the output resistance. In the amplifier circuit, the introduction of parallel negative feedback can reduce the input resistance in the amplifier circuit. Parallel negative feedback is to connect the feedback current in parallel with the input current, which has the effect of weakening the input current; while series negative feedback can increase the input resistance in the amplifier circuit and connect the feedback voltage in series with the input voltage, which has the effect of weakening the input signal voltage.

[0032] It has the following advantages.

[0033] 1. The structure of the switched reluctance generator is simpler than that of the squirrel cage induction generator. There is no winding on its rotor, so there will be no problems such as poor casting during the manufacturing process of the squirrel cage induction generator and end bars during practical use.

[0034] 2. The stator of the switched reluctance generator has only a simple concentrated winding with short ends, no phase wiring, and a simple insulation structure. It has the advantages of fewer manufacturing processes, low cost, easy maintenance, and is sturdy and durable.

[0035] 3. The switched reluctance generator has a small rotor inertia and high mechanical strength. It can be used for high-speed and ultra-high-speed operation, up to tens of thousands of revolutions per minute. Compared with permanent magnet rotor generators and induction generators, the switched reluctance generator has the best mechanical properties and can be used for generators with the highest speed.

[0036] 4. The switched reluctance generator has the highest output power under the condition of the same volume as the induction generator and synchronous generator.

[0037] In the stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator of the present application, the permanent magnets are only arranged on the stator, and the rotor thereof still retains the advantages of the rotor of the switched reluctance generator, such as high mechanical strength, simple structure, low cost, etc.

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the present invention is a stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator, comprising a stator core and a rotor disk, the stator core is provided with permanent magnet sheets, the rotor disk is provided with magnetic conductive blocks, the stator core is provided with concentrated windings, and the rotor disk is made of 316L or other high-strength non-magnetic conductive materials;

[0039] The magnetic conductive blocks and the permanent magnetic sheets are arranged correspondingly to generate a two-phase induced voltage with a phase difference, that is, a first winding and a second winding of a two-phase alternating current are formed, which are connected to form a unidirectional conductive feedback circuit;

[0040] A resistor or capacitor inductor for controlling the current of the feedback circuit is arranged between the first winding and the second winding, and a diode or transistor for ensuring the unidirectional flow of the current is also arranged.

[0041] Preferably, the phase difference between the first winding and the second winding is 180 degrees, and the first winding and the second winding flow through the resistor and then through the diode according to the flow direction of the current to form a unidirectional feedback circuit.

[0042] Preferably, output terminals are provided at the four corners of the feedback circuit, the output terminals of the first winding are marked as the first output terminal and the second output terminal; the output terminals of the second winding are marked as the third output terminal and the fourth output terminal, the first winding and the second winding are divided into terminal A and terminal B, the A and B terminals are connected in sequence, the A and B terminals are determined by a test DC power supply, and measured under magnetic open circuit conditions, the positive pole of the DC power is connected to the A terminal, and the negative pole is connected to the B terminal, at this time the magnetic field strength on the stator permanent magnet sheet will be reduced.

[0043] Example 1: Figure 1As shown, a plurality of stator cores 4 are respectively fixed in the axial grooves of the left end cover 5 and the right end cover 7, and can be bonded with a high-strength adhesive or laser welded. The stator core 4 has a permanent magnet sheet 2 bonded with a high-strength adhesive or fixed by laser welding. The two stator cores 4 arranged opposite to each other are respectively fixed with a concentrated winding 3. The slots of the rotor disk 6 are inlaid with a magnetic block 1. The rotor disk 6 is made of high-strength non-magnetic steel. In this application, 316L material is used. The magnetic block 1 is glued with a high-strength adhesive or fixed by laser welding. The number of permanent magnet sheets 2 on each pair of stator cores 4 is the number of stator pole pairs, and the number of magnetic blocks 1 on the rotor disk 6 is the number of rotor poles. In this embodiment, the ratio of the number of stator pole pairs to the number of rotor poles is 2:3. For example, two pairs of stator pole pairs can be paired with 3 pairs. The rotor poles, similarly, the pole pair ratio can also be 4:6; 6:9; ..., after operation, for the generator with two pairs of stator cores and 4 poles, the induced voltage generated on each pair of stator cores 4 has a phase difference of 180 degrees with the induced voltage generated on the other pair of electronic cores 4. Similarly, for the generator with 4 pairs of stator pole pairs, the induced voltage generated on the two separated pairs of stator cores 4 has a phase difference of 180 degrees with the induced voltage generated on the other two pairs of stator cores 4 at adjacent symmetrical positions. The same is true for 6 pairs of stator cores and 4 pole pairs. The induced voltage on the three separated pairs of stator cores 4 has a phase difference of 180 degrees with the induced voltage generated on the other three pairs of stator cores 4 at adjacent symmetrical positions. In this way, there is a two-phase induced voltage on the stator core 4 with a phase difference of 180 degrees.

[0044] In the above structure, the left end cover 5 and the right end cover 7 serve as the housing of the generator, which are connected and fixed by the first fastening screws 12. A pair of angular contact bearings 13 are installed to realize the rotation of the transmission shaft 8 relative to the housing. The axial dimension is adjusted by the thickness of the axial clearance adjustment ring 11 to ensure that the axial clearance is almost 0. The rotor disk is tightened by the anti-loosening washer 9 and the clamping nut 10 to ensure that the rotor disk 6 will not loosen during rotation, thereby ensuring that the transmission shaft 8 will not generate axial vibration during rotation.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the concentrated winding 3 is divided into a first winding 31 and a second winding 32. The phase difference between the first winding 31 and the second winding 32 is 180 degrees. Figure 4The circuit diagram is connected into a unidirectional feedback circuit, 54 is an adjusting resistor, 53 is a diode, which is unidirectional and fast. After the feedback circuit is connected, there are four output terminals, namely a first output terminal 55, a second output terminal 56, a third output terminal 57 and a fourth output terminal 58. In the feedback circuit, the positive pole is connected to the A terminal, and the negative pole is connected to the B terminal. The A terminal and the B terminal are determined as follows. The test is conducted under magnetic open circuit conditions. The test uses a DC power supply. The positive pole of the DC power supply is connected to the A terminal and the negative pole is connected to the B terminal. At this time, the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet sheet 2 on the stator core 4 will decrease. Such a unidirectional feedback current will reduce the operating resistance and improve the generator efficiency. The adjusting resistor 54 is used to control the size of the adjusting feedback current. Capacitors + inductors can also be used instead of resistors to achieve current size adjustment and control. The setting of the diode 53 ensures that only unidirectional current can pass. In this feedback circuit, the use of a transistor or other structure that can ensure unidirectional flow can also achieve the function of the present application.

[0046] Example 2: Figure 2 As shown, it is a double-disk axial magnetic field stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator, the number of magnetic poles on its rotor disk 6 is consistent with the number of magnetic poles on the stator core 4, and the 180-degree magnetic pole phase difference between the two rotor disks is used to ensure that the induced voltage phase difference between the two sections of the stator core 4 is 180 degrees. The formed unidirectional feedback circuit is consistent with Example 1.

[0047] Since there are two rotor disks 6 and two sections of stator core 4, the left end cover 5 and the right end cover 5 are connected by an intermediate shell 212. Since the stator core 4 at both ends is divided into two phases, their magnetic circuits cannot be related, so there is a magnetic isolation sheet 213 between the two sections of the stator core 4, the concentrated winding 3 is also doubled, and the anti-loosening washers 9, the clamping nuts 10 and the axial clearance adjustment rings 11 are also doubled, and they are arranged in a matching manner.

[0048] Embodiment 3: A radial magnetic field permanent magnet stator switched reluctance generator, in which the number of magnetic poles of the rotor disk 6 is consistent with the number of magnetic poles of the stator, and a magnetic pole phase difference of 180 degrees between two sections of the rotor disk 6 is used to ensure that the phase difference of the induced voltage between the two sections of the stator core 4 is 180 degrees, or the magnetic pole phase difference between the two sections of the rotor disk 6 can be 0 degrees, while the magnetic pole phase difference between the two sections of the stator core 4 can be 180 degrees.

[0049] The two sections of the stator core 4 are both installed in a housing 34. The end covers 35 at both ends are provided with bearings to support the rotating shaft. Since there is no axial magnetic field, deep groove ball bearings can be used. The permanent magnet sheets 2 are also fixed to the stator core 4 with a high-strength adhesive or laser welding. The concentrated winding 3 is installed on the stator core 4. The rotor disk 6 is directly made of silicon steel sheets or other magnetic conductive materials. In this embodiment, an axial gap adjustment ring is also provided. Since there is no large axial force, a suitable axial gap can be left. The end covers are connected and fixed with fixing screws as in Example 1.

[0050] In the above three embodiments, the concentrated winding 3 of the two-phase stator core is divided into a first winding and a second winding with a phase difference of 180 degrees. Figure 4 The circuit is connected into a unidirectional feedback circuit, which makes the operation resistance smaller and the efficiency higher.

[0051] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator, characterized in that: It includes a stator core and a rotor disk, wherein the stator core is provided with permanent magnet sheets, the rotor disk is provided with magnetic conductive blocks, and the stator core is provided with concentrated windings; the magnetic conductive blocks are arranged correspondingly to the permanent magnet sheets, the number of permanent magnet sheets on each pair of stator cores is the number of stator magnetic pole pairs, the number of magnetic conductive blocks on the rotor disk is the number of rotor magnetic poles, the number of permanent magnet sheets and the number of magnetic conductive blocks are in a ratio of 2:3, and a two-phase induced voltage with a phase difference is generated, that is, a first winding and a second winding of two-phase alternating current are formed, which are connected into a unidirectional conductive feedback circuit; a resistor or a capacitor and an inductor for controlling the current size of the feedback circuit are arranged between the first winding and the second winding, and a diode or a transistor for ensuring the unidirectional flow of current is also arranged; the material of the rotor disk is a high-strength non-magnetic conductive material.

2. A stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase difference between the first winding and the second winding is 180 degrees. According to the flow direction of the current, the first winding and the second winding first flow through the resistor and then through the diode to form a unidirectional feedback circuit.

3. A stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: Output terminals are provided at the four corners of the feedback circuit. The output terminals of the first winding are marked as the first output terminal and the second output terminal; the output terminals of the second winding are marked as the third output terminal and the fourth output terminal. The first winding and the second winding are divided into terminal A and terminal B. Terminal A and terminal B are connected in sequence, and terminal A and terminal B are determined by a test DC power supply.

4. A stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure is a single rotor disk axial magnetic field stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator.

5. A stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shell includes a left end cover and a right end cover, a rotatably connected transmission shaft is arranged inside the shell, the rotor disk is fixed on the transmission shaft, one side of the rotor disk realizes axial positioning of the rotor disk through the shoulder structure on the transmission shaft, and the other side is provided with an anti-loosening pad, a clamping nut and a clearance adjustment ring in sequence.

6. The stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure is a double rotor disk axial magnetic field stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator. The number of magnetic blocks embedded in the double rotor disks is equal to the number of permanent magnets on the stator core. At the same time, the magnetic pole phase difference between the magnetic blocks on the double rotor disks is 180 degrees.

7. A stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator according to claim 6, characterized in that: A magnetic isolation sheet is provided between the two stator cores.

8. The stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure is a double-section rotor radial magnetic field stator permanent magnet switched reluctance generator. The number of permanent magnets is consistent with the number of magnetic blocks. The magnetic pole phase difference between the magnetic blocks on the two sections of the rotor disk is 180 degrees, or the magnetic pole phase difference between the magnetic blocks on the two sections of the rotor disk is zero, and the magnetic pole phase difference between the permanent magnets on the two sections of the stator core is 180 degrees.

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