Displacement ventilation buildings and indoor surface materials that prevent foul air from being locked indoors

Abstract

The present invention discloses a displacement ventilation type building and an indoor surface material decorative plate for preventing turbid air from being locked in the room. The displacement ventilation type building comprises a room body, an air supply system for inputting fresh air into the room body, and an exhaust system for discharging the air containing turbid air in the room body. The upper surface of the indoor space of the room body is a low thermal conductivity surface, or the upper surface of the indoor space of the room body and the upper part of the side surface are both low thermal conductivity surfaces, and the thermal conductivity coefficient of the low thermal conductivity surface is less than or equal to 0.1W / (mK). The indoor surface material has a low thermal conductivity surface for facing the indoor space, and the thermal conductivity coefficient of the low thermal conductivity surface is less than or equal to 0.1W / (mK). The present invention prevents hot turbid air from being rapidly cooled and sinking, so that the hot turbid air stays near the upper layer of the indoor space until it is discharged outdoors, thereby realizing true displacement ventilation, thereby avoiding indoor cross infection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of house construction, and in particular relates to a displacement ventilation type building and indoor surface materials for preventing foul air from being locked indoors. Background Art

[0002] The principle of displacement ventilation is based on the rise of hot air and the fall of cold air formed by the difference in air density. Air is supplied from the bottom of the room at a wind speed of less than 0.2m / s and lower than the indoor air temperature. Displacement ventilation systems have been used in high heat load industrial buildings in Europe for more than 40 years. In 1978, a foundry in Berlin, Germany first adopted a displacement ventilation device. In the past 30 years, displacement ventilation systems have gradually become popular in non-industrial buildings in Nordic countries, such as office buildings, schools, theaters, etc., such as the Copenhagen Grand Theater in Denmark. In my country, Tsinghua University has studied the operation of displacement ventilation and mixed ventilation (dilution ventilation) in the cooling season and concluded that displacement ventilation is more energy-efficient; at the same time, the particle distribution under different air volumes of displacement ventilation has been studied. The results show that the air volume has a great influence on the distribution of particles of different particle sizes. The concentration of small particle size particles (PM2.5) is relatively large in the upper area of ​​the room, and the concentration of large particle size particles (PM10) is relatively large in the lower area of ​​the room. Tongji University established an airflow laboratory to conduct experimental analysis and research on the airflow characteristics of displacement ventilation. By changing the heat transfer coefficient of the enclosure structure, it briefly analyzed its impact on the airflow organization and provided reference data for evaluating the comfort of displacement ventilation. At the same time, it also carried out analysis and research on the composite system of displacement ventilation and cooling ceiling. Donghua University has participated in the experimental research of the French LET laboratory on the interference factors of the displacement ventilation system many times, such as the impact of water vapor on the performance of the displacement ventilation system. Scholars from Huazhong University of Science and Technology used CFD technology to study the parameter design of the displacement ventilation system and proposed a method for determining the various parameters of the displacement ventilation system, so that the designed system can not only ensure high indoor air quality, but also prevent the occurrence of excessive vertical temperature differences and the feeling of blowing. With the application of computational fluid dynamics in HVAC, a large number of numerical simulation studies on displacement ventilation flow fields, temperature fields, concentration fields and moisture content distribution have been carried out, and many important results have been achieved. See Figure 1 , is the indoor smoke distribution diagram during displacement ventilation. Displacement ventilation replaces the air in the whole house with fresh air and exhausts the original air in the house, that is, it uses the heat plume of the indoor human heat source to form a piston flow to replace the indoor air.

[0003] In the prior art, the thermal conductivity of indoor ceiling surface materials is generally high, such as 230W / (m·K) for aluminum alloy panels, 1.5W / (m·K) for concrete floor slabs, 0.3W / (m·K) for gypsum boards, 0.07W / (m·K) for thermal insulation gypsum, and 0.05W / (m·K) for cork. When hot and turbid air encounters the ceiling, it is cooled and sinks, which makes it impossible to discharge the hot and turbid air quickly, causing cross contamination. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a displacement ventilation building and indoor surface material that can prevent turbid air from being locked in the room.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a displacement ventilation building that prevents stale air from being locked in the room, comprising a room body, an air supply system for inputting fresh air into the room body, and an exhaust system for discharging the air containing stale air in the room body, characterized in that the upper surface of the indoor space of the room body is a low thermal conductivity surface or the upper surface and the upper part of the side surface of the indoor space of the room body are both low thermal conductivity surfaces, and the thermal conductivity coefficient of the low thermal conductivity surface is less than or equal to 0.1W / (mK).

[0006] Furthermore, the low thermal conductivity surface is the surface of a low thermal conductivity material plate, or the surface of a low thermal conductivity material coating coated on the plate, or the surface of a low thermal conductivity material coating coated on the inner wall of a building.

[0007] Furthermore, the low thermal conductivity material board is a cork board or a thermal insulation gypsum board or a glass fiber board, and the low thermal conductivity material coating is a polystyrene particle thermal insulation mortar or an aerogel thermal insulation material or an inorganic fiber spray thermal insulation material.

[0008] Furthermore, the room body is a sealed and heat-insulating room body.

[0009] The present invention also provides another technical solution: an indoor surface material for preventing turbid air from being locked in the room, the indoor surface material having a low thermal conductivity surface facing the indoor space, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the low thermal conductivity surface being less than or equal to 0.1 W / (mK).

[0010] Furthermore, the low thermal conductivity surface is the surface of a plate made of a low thermal conductivity material or the surface of a coating of a low thermal conductivity material coated on the plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the low thermal conductivity material board is a cork board or a thermal insulation gypsum board or a glass fiber board, and the low thermal conductivity material coating is a polystyrene particle thermal insulation mortar or an aerogel thermal insulation material or an inorganic fiber spray thermal insulation material.

[0012] Furthermore, the indoor surface material is a ceiling or a wall panel.

[0013] Due to the application of the above technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the displacement ventilation building and indoor surface materials disclosed by the present invention prevent the turbid air from being locked in the room, and the low thermal conductivity surface prevents the hot turbid air from being quickly cooled and sinking, so that the hot turbid air stays near the upper layer of the indoor space until it is discharged outdoors, thereby realizing true displacement ventilation and avoiding indoor cross infection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of indoor smoke distribution during displacement ventilation in the prior art;

[0016] Figure 2 is a block diagram of the composition of a building in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of airflow in a building in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of airflow in a building in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the indoor surface material in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0020] Among them, 10, room body; 11, ground; 12, ground insulation layer; 13, wall; 14, wall insulation layer; 15, roof; 16, roof insulation layer; 17, low thermal conductivity surface; 20, air supply system; 21, fresh air delivery end; 22, air supply fan; 30, exhaust system; 31, foul air receiving end; 32, exhaust fan; 40, ventilation heat recovery system; 41, air supply conveying device; 42, exhaust conveying device; 50, ambient source heat exchange system; 51, fluid conveying device; 52, closed internal circulation fluid; 61, indoor cooling and heating device; 62, fresh air cooling and heating device; 70, low thermal conductivity material plate; 71, low thermal conductivity surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

[0022] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context otherwise clearly indicates, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates that there are features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof. In the present disclosure, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom" etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only a relationship word determined for the convenience of describing the structural relationship of each component or element of the present disclosure, and does not specifically refer to any component or element in the present disclosure, and cannot be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure. In the present disclosure, terms such as "fixed connection", "connected", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, indicating that it can be fixedly connected, integrally connected or detachably connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For relevant scientific research or technical personnel in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be determined according to specific circumstances, and they cannot be understood as limitations on the present disclosure.

[0023] The following is a preferred embodiment for illustrating the present invention, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] See also Figures 2 to 3 As shown in the legend, a building for preventing foul air from being locked in the room includes a room body 10, an air supply system 20 for inputting fresh air into the room body 10, and an exhaust system 30 for exhausting the air containing foul air in the room body 10. The upper surface of the room space of the room body 10 is a low thermal conductivity surface 17, and the thermal conductivity coefficient of the low thermal conductivity surface 17 is less than or equal to 0.1W / (mK). In other embodiments, the upper surface and upper side surface of the room space of the room body are both low thermal conductivity surfaces.

[0026] In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, the low thermal conductivity surface 17 is the surface of the low thermal conductivity material coating coated on the inner wall of the building, and the low thermal conductivity material coating is polystyrene particle insulation mortar or aerogel insulation material or inorganic fiber spray insulation material. In other embodiments, the low thermal conductivity surface is the surface of a low thermal conductivity material board (ceiling or wall board), and the low thermal conductivity material board is a cork board or insulation gypsum board or fiberglass board, or the low thermal conductivity surface is a low thermal conductivity material coating coated on the board (ceiling or wall board).

[0027] In the preferred implementation manner of the present embodiment, the room body 10 is a sealed and heat-insulating room body, which includes a bottom, walls and a top. The bottom of the sealed and heat-insulating room body includes a ground 11 and a ground insulation layer 12 arranged on the outside of the ground 11, the walls of the sealed and heat-insulating room body include a wall 13 and a wall insulation layer 14 arranged on the outside of the wall 13, and the top of the sealed and heat-insulating room body includes a roof 15 and a roof insulation layer 16 arranged on the outside of the roof 15.

[0028] In the preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, the building is a displacement ventilation type low-energy consumption building, and the displacement ventilation type low-energy consumption building also includes a ventilation heat recovery system 40, an environmental source heat exchange system 50 and a cooling and heating system.

[0029] The ventilation heat recovery system 40 includes an air supply conveying device 41 connected to the fresh air delivery end inlet of the air supply system 20 and an exhaust conveying device 42 connected to the stale air receiving end outlet of the exhaust system 30. The air supply conveying device 41 exchanges heat with the exhaust conveying device 42. The above-mentioned air supply conveying device 41 and the above-mentioned exhaust conveying device 42 are pipes.

[0030] The environmental source heat exchange system includes a fluid conveying device 51 for performing heat exchange with the natural environment. The inlet of the above-mentioned fluid conveying device 51 is connected to the closed internal circulation fluid 52. The fluid output by the fluid conveying device 51 performs heat exchange with the air in the sealed and insulated room body 10 and / or the fluid output by the fluid conveying device 51 performs heat exchange with the air supplied into the sealed and insulated room body 10. The above-mentioned fluid conveying device 51 is a ground source heat pump, a water source heat pump or an air source heat pump.

[0031] The cooling and heating system includes an indoor cooling and heating device 61 for cooling or heating the air in the sealed and heat-insulating room 10 to a set temperature and a fresh air cooling and heating device 62 for cooling or heating the fresh air supplied by the air supply system 20 to a temperature lower than the set temperature.

[0032] In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, the indoor cooling and heating device 61 is a cold and hot radiant floor, and the fluid output by the fluid conveying device 51 enters the coil of the cold and hot radiant floor. In other embodiments, the indoor cooling and heating device may include a radiant heating floor and a radiant cooling floor, respectively, or the indoor cooling and heating device is a cold and hot radiant ceiling, or the indoor cooling and heating device includes a radiant heating ceiling and a radiant cooling ceiling, respectively.

[0033] In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, the air supply system 20 further includes an air supply fan 22 for delivering air at positive pressure into the sealed heat-insulating room 10, and the exhaust system 30 further includes an exhaust fan 32 for extracting air at negative pressure out of the sealed heat-insulating room 10. In other embodiments, the above-mentioned air supply fan may not be provided, and only an exhaust fan may be provided.

[0034] In the preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, the air supply system also includes an air filter (not shown in the figure) for filtering suspended particles in the fresh air delivered by the air supply system, a disinfection device (not shown in the figure) for sterilizing the fresh air delivered by the air supply system, and a dehumidification device (not shown in the figure) for removing moisture from the fresh air delivered by the air supply system.

[0035] In the preferred implementation manner of the present embodiment, a plurality of personnel gathering belts are distributed in the sealed heat-insulating room body 10, the position of the fresh air delivery terminal 21 is lower than the position of the human mouth and nose in the personnel gathering belt, and the position of the foul air receiving terminal 31 is higher than the position of the human mouth and nose in the personnel gathering belt; one or more fresh air delivery terminals 21 are arranged below one side of each personnel gathering belt and one or more fresh air delivery terminals 21 are arranged between two adjacent personnel gathering belts, and one or more foul air receiving terminals 31 are arranged above or directly above the other side, and the sealed heat-insulating room body 10 is divided into a first vertical columnar space and a second vertical columnar space arranged alternately in the horizontal direction, the personnel gathering belt is arranged in the first vertical columnar space, the fresh air delivery terminal is arranged in the second vertical columnar space, and the foul air receiving terminal is arranged in the first vertical columnar space or the second vertical columnar space. In other embodiments, a personnel gathering zone may be arranged in the sealed heat-insulating room, the fresh air delivery end may be arranged on the floor, corner or lower end of the wall of the sealed heat-insulating room, and the stale air receiving end may be arranged on the top wall or upper end of the wall of the sealed heat-insulating room.

[0036] In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, the set temperature is the indoor temperature, the set temperature is 20°C-26°C, and the temperature of the fresh air delivered by the fresh air delivery end 21 is no more than 3°C lower than the set temperature. In other embodiments, the set temperature can also be other temperatures as long as the temperature is suitable.

[0037] In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, the fresh air delivery end 21 is a fiber cloth air duct. In other embodiments, the fresh air delivery end may also be a diffuser.

[0038] In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, the upper surface of the indoor space of the sealed heat-insulating room body 10 is a low heat-conducting surface 17, and the thermal conductivity of the low heat-conducting surface 17 is less than or equal to 0.1W / (mK). In other embodiments, the upper surface and the upper side surface of the indoor space of the sealed heat-insulating room body are both low heat-conducting surfaces.

[0039] In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, a plurality of gathering zones for people are distributed in the sealed heat-insulating room body 10, the fresh air delivery end 21 is arranged at the bottom of the sealed heat-insulating room body 10, and the stale air receiving end 31 is arranged at the top of the sealed heat-insulating room body 10. In other embodiments, it can also be that when there is a gathering zone for people distributed in the sealed heat-insulating room body, the fresh air delivery end is arranged at the ground, corner or lower end of the wall of the sealed heat-insulating room body, and the stale air receiving end is arranged at the top wall or upper end of the wall of the sealed heat-insulating room body.

[0040] In the preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, the low-energy building is a passive house or an ultra-low energy building based on a passive house, a near-zero energy building, a zero energy building, a zero-carbon building, a carbon-neutral building, or a production capacity building.

[0041] In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, the air sent into the sealed heat-insulating room body 10 is first evenly distributed at the bottom, then flows upward, encounters a heat source, is heated, slowly flows upward, and is drawn out of the sealed heat-insulating room body 10 at the top. In a large office / room, in order to avoid the diffusion of hot and dirty gases in the room, the fresh air delivery end is selected to be arranged from the bottom between the personnel gathering belts. The fresh air delivery end evenly delivers cold air with a speed of less than 0.2m / s. The fresh air diffuses to both sides, and the hot and dirty gases on one side are not allowed to diffuse to the other side. Through the floor heat radiation and the heat provided by the indoor human body heat source, the cold air slowly heats up and rises, and reaches the top area of ​​the ceiling together with the hot and dirty gases generated in the room, and then. It is discharged to the outside in the top area of ​​the ceiling between different human bodies. There is almost no polluted gas in the working area, which avoids indoor cross infection and improves the health of the indoor environment. At the same time, the utilization rate of fresh air can be improved, the demand for fresh air can be reduced, and energy consumption can be reduced. This method can be used for displacement ventilation in indoor winter, summer and plum rain season (i.e., weather in southern China where condensation occurs indoors under natural conditions, also known as "yellow plum days" or "returning south days"), so that the fresh air introduced will not mix with the hot and dirty air in the room, forming a laminar flow, and the hot and dirty air in the room will rise to the ceiling area and be discharged indoors, thus avoiding indoor cross infection. In the summer cooling period, the fresh air is cooled (the fresh air temperature is within 3°C below the room temperature) and then introduced from the bottom of the room at a low speed. The fresh air slowly diffuses at the bottom of the room, encounters the heat source of the human body in the room, is heated, and slowly rises. In the winter heating period, the outdoor fresh air is only filtered and introduced directly at the bottom of the room at a low wind speed through the heat exchanger (the fresh air temperature is within 3°C below the room temperature), forming a cold wind lake near the bottom, and coupled with the floor heat radiation, the cold air is evenly heated and slowly rises, forming a laminar flow. The hot and dirty air exhaled by people also rises and is discharged outdoors above the room. The purpose of adding thermal insulation coating to the ceiling surface is to prevent the hot and dirty air from cooling down quickly and then sinking to mix with other air after it contacts the ceiling, thus reducing the retention time of the hot and dirty air in the room and avoiding indoor cross infection. With displacement ventilation, the turbid air does not diffuse horizontally in the bottom area of ​​the room, but is directly brought to the non-personnel stay area in the upper part of the room by the rising air flow, creating a comfortable and healthy environment for the work area. For the mild outdoor temperatures in spring and autumn, it is recommended to open windows for natural ventilation, which is the best way to avoid indoor cross infection.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] See also Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the rest is the same as the first embodiment, except that a personnel gathering zone is distributed in the sealed insulation room, the fresh air delivery end is arranged on the ground or corner of the sealed insulation room or the lower end of the wall, and the stale air receiving end is arranged on the top wall or the upper end of the wall of the sealed insulation room.

[0044] In this embodiment, in a small office / room, cold air with a speed of less than 0.2m / s is sent down from the bottom of one side of the room. Through the heat radiation from the bottom and the heat provided by the human body heat source in the room, the cold air slowly heats up and rises, and reaches the top area of ​​the ceiling together with the heat pollution generated in the room, and then is discharged from the other side. There is almost no polluted gas in the working area, which avoids indoor cross infection and improves the health of the indoor environment, which can effectively reduce the demand for fresh air volume and reduce energy consumption.

[0045] The buildings in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 control various factors affecting indoor temperature, wind direction and wind speed, i.e., control factors affecting airflow, especially the path of turbid air, to achieve indoor airflow control and timely discharge of turbid air, thereby avoiding cross infection. The specific technical measures are as follows:

[0046] 1. Eliminate the impact and interference of the external environment on the indoor environment, and adopt high airtightness, high insulation and mechanical ventilation (fresh air) systems that meet the technical requirements of the building. Ordinary buildings are easily affected by the external environment:

[0047] ① Buildings with poor air tightness will produce air leakage, which will cause indoor air mixing;

[0048] ② Failure to use exterior doors and windows with good thermal insulation effects. The low surface temperature of the doors and windows causes the air nearby to flow downward, making it easy for indoor air to circulate;

[0049] ③ When there is no mechanical ventilation, opening windows will affect airflow and temperature;

[0050] ④The impact of the overall temperature difference in the room on airflow.

[0051] 2. To avoid heat dissipation from the ceiling surface and upper wall, which would lower the temperature of the adjacent turbid air and cause it to sink, and to avoid the turbid air being locked in the middle layer and unable to be discharged, use low thermal conductivity surface materials or coatings.

[0052] 3. The lower part slowly sends cold air (fresh air slightly lower than room temperature) through the heat exchanger at a wind speed not exceeding 0.2m / s. In winter, floor radiation heating is used instead of hot air to avoid turbulence and the formation of an indoor "cold wind lake". In summer, floor radiation cooling is used to ensure a comfortable room temperature, and fresh air cooling is used to provide fresh air slightly lower than room temperature, thereby avoiding turbulence and the formation of a "cold wind lake".

[0053] 4. Follow the natural law that cold air sinks and hot air rises, and use the method of sending cold air (fresh air) downward to expel stale air upward.

[0054] ① In the working condition where cross infection needs to be avoided, only fresh air is cooled without using circulating air;

[0055] ② Under working conditions where cross infection needs to be avoided, the temperature should be maintained slightly lower than the room temperature and acceptable in all seasons, with the temperature difference not exceeding 3°C.

[0056] 5. Use large-area low-temperature floor heating in winter to avoid concentrated heat sources (such as radiators) or unbalanced heating (such as heating on one side of the wall) interfering with indoor airflow. At the same time, it can avoid excessive vertical temperature gradients in the room;

[0057] 6. Implement grid-based distributed airflow control in open large spaces, follow the airflow path of "fresh air-human body-dirty air-exhaust", and avoid the airflow direction of "human body-dirty air-human body":

[0058] ① The return air outlet (exhaust outlet) should be as close to the source of the foul air as possible and discharged through the shortest path, but short circuit between the supply and exhaust ends should be avoided.

[0059] ② Establish return air vents directly above crowded areas, and make the airflow as vertically upward as possible (return air and fresh air form a vertical direction, forming vertical airflow control). In short, principle one: prevent foul air from "spreading from person to person", and principle two: "expel" foul air as quickly as possible.

[0060] Embodiment 3

[0061] See also Figure 5 As shown in the legend, an indoor surface material for preventing foul air from being locked in the room, the indoor surface material has a low thermal conductivity surface 71 facing the indoor space, and the thermal conductivity coefficient of the low thermal conductivity surface 71 is less than or equal to 0.1W / (mK).

[0062] In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, the low thermal conductivity surface 71 is the surface of the low thermal conductivity material board 70, and the low thermal conductivity material board 70 is a cork board or a thermal insulation gypsum board or a glass fiber board. In other embodiments, the low thermal conductivity surface can also be the surface of the low thermal conductivity material coating coated on the board, and the low thermal conductivity material coating is a polystyrene particle thermal insulation mortar or an aerogel thermal insulation material or an inorganic fiber spray thermal insulation material.

[0063] In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, the indoor surface material is a ceiling. The top of the indoor space is provided with the above-mentioned low thermal conductivity ceiling. In other embodiments, the indoor surface material may be a wall panel. The side wall of the indoor space is provided with the above-mentioned low thermal conductivity wall panel as a whole, or the upper section of the side wall of the indoor space is provided with the above-mentioned low thermal conductivity wall panel.

[0064] By installing indoor surface materials on the top wall or the upper part of the side wall of a displacement ventilation building, after the hot and dirty air contacts the indoor surface materials, it will not cool down quickly and then sink to mix with other air, thus reducing the residence time of the hot and dirty gas in the room and avoiding indoor cross infection.

[0065] The above is a description of the embodiments of the present invention. Through the above description of the disclosed embodiments, professionals and technicians in the field can implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to professionals and technicians in the field. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A displacement ventilation building for preventing foul air from being locked in the room, comprising a room, an air supply system for inputting fresh air into the room, and an exhaust system for exhausting the air containing foul air in the room, characterized in that: The upper surface of the indoor space of the room body is a low thermal conductivity surface, or the upper surface of the indoor space of the room body and the upper part of the side surface are both low thermal conductivity surfaces, and the thermal conductivity coefficient of the low thermal conductivity surface is less than or equal to 0.1W / (mK). The low thermal conductivity surface prevents the hot turbid air from being quickly cooled and sinking, thereby allowing the hot turbid air to stay near the upper layer of the indoor space until it is discharged outdoors.

2. The displacement ventilation building for preventing foul air from being locked in the room as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The low thermal conductivity surface is the surface of a low thermal conductivity material plate or the surface of a low thermal conductivity material coating coated on the plate or the surface of a low thermal conductivity material coating coated on the inner wall of a building.

3. The displacement ventilation building for preventing stale air from being locked in the room as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The low thermal conductivity material board is a cork board, a thermal insulation gypsum board or a glass fiber board, and the low thermal conductivity material coating is a polystyrene particle thermal insulation mortar, an aerogel thermal insulation material or an inorganic fiber spray thermal insulation material.

4. The displacement ventilation building for preventing stale air from being locked in the room as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The room body is a sealed and heat-insulating room body.

5. An indoor surface material for preventing foul air from being locked in the room, characterized in that: The indoor surface material has a low thermal conductivity surface facing the indoor space, the thermal conductivity of the low thermal conductivity surface is less than or equal to 0.1W / (mK), and the low thermal conductivity surface prevents hot stagnant air from being rapidly cooled and sinking, thereby allowing the hot stagnant air to stay near the upper layer of the indoor space until it is discharged outdoors.

6. The indoor surface material for preventing turbid air from being locked in the room as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The low thermal conductivity surface is the surface of a plate made of a low thermal conductivity material or the surface of a coating of a low thermal conductivity material coated on the plate.

7. The indoor surface material for preventing turbid air from being locked in the room as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The low thermal conductivity material board is a cork board, a thermal insulation gypsum board or a glass fiber board, and the low thermal conductivity material coating is a polystyrene particle thermal insulation mortar, an aerogel thermal insulation material or an inorganic fiber spray thermal insulation material.

8. The indoor surface material for preventing turbid air from being locked in the room as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The indoor surface material is a ceiling or a wall panel.

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