A motor for recovering back electromotive force during operation and its operation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a motor for recovering back electromotive force during operation and its operation method. The motor body includes a rotor, a stator, three sets of stator winding coils, a forward Hall sensor, and a reverse Hall sensor. In the drive circuit, the upper end of the first coil in each stator winding coil is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode and the DC power supply line DC+, the lower end is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode and the drain D of the first field effect transistor, the source S of the first field effect transistor is connected to the DC power supply line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the forward Hall sensor; the lower end of the second coil is connected to the negative electrode of the third diode and the DC power supply line DC+, the upper end is connected to the positive electrode of the fourth diode and the drain D of the second field effect transistor, the source S of the second field effect transistor is connected to the DC power supply line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the reverse Hall sensor; the positive electrodes of a number of first diodes are connected to the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery; the negative electrodes of a number of second diodes are connected to the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and relates to a DC permanent magnet brushless motor, in particular to a motor that recovers back electromotive force during operation and its operation method. Background Art

[0002] A motor refers to an electromagnetic device that realizes the conversion or transmission of electrical energy based on the law of electromagnetic induction, or converts electrical energy in one form into electrical energy in another form. An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy (commonly known as a motor), and a generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Its main function is to generate a driving torque and serve as a power source for electrical appliances or various machines.

[0003] Currently, in the technical field of DC brushless motors, the driving methods of DC brushless motors are all three-phase driving circuits that are commonly seen in the market and have been used for many years. Although there have been many optimizations and improvements based on the three-phase brushless motor driving circuit over the years, there has been no disruptive technological innovation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems existing in the prior art, and propose a motor that recovers back electromotive force during operation and its operation method, which adds two diodes with directions opposite to the power supply voltage at both ends of the stator coil, and the other ends of the two diodes are connected to a rechargeable battery to achieve energy conservation and extended battery life.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A motor that recovers back electromotive force during operation includes a motor main body and a driving circuit. The motor main body includes a rotor fixedly sleeved on a rotating shaft, a stator is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotor, at least three groups of stator winding coils are symmetrically distributed around the center on the inner periphery of the stator. The stator winding coils have a first coil and a second coil. A set of cooperating forward Hall sensors and reverse Hall sensors are arranged between adjacent stator winding coils. At least four permanent magnets are fixedly arranged on the rotor, and the plurality of permanent magnets are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the rotor to form a centrosymmetric structure, and the N poles and S poles of adjacent permanent magnets are arranged alternately.

[0006] In the driving circuit, for each stator winding coil, the upper end of the first coil is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode and the DC power line DC+, and the lower end is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode and the drain D of the first field effect transistor. The source S of the first field effect transistor is connected to the DC power line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the forward Hall sensor; the lower end of the second coil is connected to the negative electrode of the third diode and the DC power line DC+, and the upper end is connected to the positive electrode of the fourth diode and the drain D of the second field effect transistor. The source S of the second field effect transistor is connected to the DC power line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the reverse Hall sensor; the positive electrodes of several of the first diodes are connected together and are also connected to the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery; the negative electrodes of several of the second diodes are connected together and are also connected to the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery.

[0007] In the above-mentioned motor that recovers back electromotive force during operation, the number of stator winding coils is three, and adjacent stator winding coils are evenly arranged at an angle of 120°; the number of permanent magnets is four, and adjacent permanent magnets are evenly arranged at an angle of 90°.

[0008] In the above-mentioned motor that recovers back electromotive force during operation, the stator winding coil has a stator core, and the first coil and the second coil are wound around the stator core in a double-wire and same-direction manner.

[0009] In the above-mentioned motor that recovers back electromotive force during operation, the forward Hall sensor is located above and its front faces the rotor, and the reverse Hall sensor is located below and its back faces the rotor.

[0010] In the above-mentioned motor that recovers back electromotive force during operation, a DC power source for driving the rotation of the motor body is directly connected between the DC power line DC+ and the DC power line DC-.

[0011] In the above-mentioned motor that recovers back electromotive force during operation, a DC speed regulator for adjusting the speed of the motor body is first connected between the DC power line DC+ and the DC power line DC-, and then a DC power source for driving the rotation of the motor body is connected.

[0012] The operation method of the motor that recovers back electromotive force during operation includes the following:

[0013] 1). Enter the driving state:

[0014] a. The front of the forward Hall sensor faces the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor. Therefore, the forward Hall sensor senses the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor and changes from the off state to the on state. Through the signal line connection, the gate G of the first field-effect transistor receives the on signal from the forward Hall sensor. Thus, the first field-effect transistor changes from the off and cut-off state to the on and conducting state. The current of the DC power line DC+ passes through the first coil, then through the drain D and source S of the first field-effect transistor, and finally leads to the DC power line DC-. Since there is current passing through the first coil, a magnetic pole N is generated facing the rotor. The N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is opposite to the magnetic pole N generated by the first coil. However, the position of the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is biased to the left, and the magnetic pole N generated by the first coil is closest to the S pole of the permanent magnet adjacent to the N pole of the permanent magnet in the counterclockwise direction at this time. Therefore, the magnetic pole N generated by the first coil pushes the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor in the clockwise direction and attracts the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor closest to the first coil, causing the rotor to rotate in the clockwise direction. At this time, the first diode and the second diode connected in parallel with the first coil are opposite to the power supply voltage direction, so they do not conduct. b. The back of the reverse Hall sensor faces the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor. The reverse Hall sensor senses the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, so it changes from the off state to the on state. Through the signal line connection, the gate G of the second field-effect transistor receives the on signal from the reverse Hall sensor. Thus, the second field-effect transistor changes from the off and cut-off state to the on and conducting state. The current of the DC power line DC+ passes through the second coil, then through the drain D and source S of the second field-effect transistor, and finally leads to the DC power line DC-. Since there is current passing through the second coil, a magnetic pole S is generated facing the rotor. The S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is opposite to the magnetic pole S generated by the second coil. However, the position of the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is biased to the left, and the magnetic pole S generated by the second coil is closest to the N pole of the permanent magnet adjacent to the S pole of the permanent magnet in the counterclockwise direction at this time. Therefore, the magnetic pole S generated by the second coil pushes the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor in the clockwise direction and attracts the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor closest to the second coil, causing the rotor to rotate in the clockwise direction. At this time, the third diode and the fourth diode connected in parallel with the second coil are opposite to the power supply voltage direction, so they do not conduct.

[0015] 2). End the driving state:

[0016] a. Since the rotor rotates clockwise, the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor moves away from the forward Hall sensor, causing it to change from the open signal state to the closed state. Therefore, the first field-effect transistor controlled by the forward Hall sensor also changes from the conducting state to the cut-off state; this causes the current passing through the first coil to be disconnected. At the moment of power-off, the magnetic field stored in the first coil will be released in the form of electrical energy, that is, back electromotive force. The voltage of this back electromotive force will be released instantaneously in the form of high voltage; the voltage generated by this back electromotive force is in the opposite direction to the power supply voltage, and the voltage directions of the first diode and the second diode connected in parallel with the first coil are the same. Thus, this back electromotive force is promptly conducted out by the first diode and the second diode, and this electrical energy is used to charge and store the rechargeable battery.

[0017] b. Since the rotor rotates clockwise, the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor moves away from the reverse Hall sensor, causing it to change from the open signal state to the closed state. Therefore, the second field-effect transistor controlled by the reverse Hall sensor also changes from the conducting state to the cut-off state; this causes the current passing through the second coil to be disconnected. At the moment of power-off, the magnetic field stored in the second coil will be released in the form of electrical energy, that is, back electromotive force. The voltage of this back electromotive force will be released instantaneously in the form of high voltage; the voltage generated by this back electromotive force is in the opposite direction to the power supply voltage, and the voltage directions of the third diode and the fourth diode connected in parallel with the second coil are the same. Thus, this back electromotive force is promptly conducted out by the third diode and the fourth diode, and this electrical energy is used to charge and store the rechargeable battery.

[0018] In the above method for operating a motor that recovers back electromotive force during operation, in the no-drive state:

[0019] a. The front of the forward Hall sensor faces the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, so the forward Hall sensor is in the closed state; since the forward Hall sensor controls the opening and conduction and closing and cut-off of the first field-effect transistor, and because the forward Hall sensor is in the closed state at this time, the first field-effect transistor is in the closed and cut-off state. Therefore, no current passes through the first coil, and thus it does not work.

[0020] b. The back of the reverse Hall sensor faces the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, so the reverse Hall sensor is in the closed state; since the reverse Hall sensor controls the opening and conduction and closing and cut-off of the second field-effect transistor, and because the reverse Hall sensor is in the closed state at this time, the second field-effect transistor is in the closed and cut-off state. Therefore, no current passes through the second coil, and thus it does not work.

[0021] In the above method for operating a motor that recovers back electromotive force during operation, in the no-drive state:

[0022] a. The front of the forward Hall sensor faces the magnetic - field - free area between adjacent permanent magnets on the rotor, so the forward Hall sensor is in the off state. Since the forward Hall sensor controls the on - off conduction and cut - off of the first field - effect transistor, and the forward Hall sensor is in the off state at this time, the first field - effect transistor is in the cut - off state, so no current passes through the first coil and thus it does not work. b. The back of the reverse Hall sensor faces the magnetic - field - free area between adjacent permanent magnets on the rotor, so the reverse Hall sensor is in the off state. Since the reverse Hall sensor controls the on - off conduction and cut - off of the second field - effect transistor, and the reverse Hall sensor is in the off state at this time, the second field - effect transistor is in the cut - off state, so no current passes through the second coil and thus it does not work.

[0023] In the operation method of the motor for recovering back - electromotive force during operation described above, when the rotor rotates continuously clockwise, among the three sets of stator winding coils, one set of stator winding coils has just started to be driven, another set of stator winding coils is being driven, and the last set of stator winding coils has just finished being driven.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the motor for recovering back - electromotive force during operation and its operation method have the following beneficial effects: The present invention abandons the driving method of traditional three - phase brushless DC motors and drives the brushless motor with a brand - new DC driving method. There is no need for any current conversion to drive the motor again, and it is directly driven by DC, eliminating the loss of current conversion. The speed - regulation method of the present invention adopts the speed - regulation method of brushed motors, with good performance, low requirements for speed - regulation cost, good starting and speed - regulation performance, smooth and uniform speed - regulation, stepless speed - regulation, a wide speed - regulation range, no brushes in this motor, never wearing out, relatively large torque, reliable performance, long service life (depending on the bearing quality), low noise, low failure rate, strong overload capacity, little electromagnetic interference, and also has all the advantages of permanent - magnet brushless motors such as high efficiency. At the same time, it saves energy to the greatest extent. The energy - saving effect is directly reflected in charging and storing the recovered back - electromotive - force electrical energy into the rechargeable battery, which can significantly and effectively increase the endurance of vehicles powered by rechargeable batteries and driven by the motor, realizing the concept of environmental protection and energy conservation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a connection diagram of the motor main body and the drive circuit in the practical application of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the motor main body of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is an actual position diagram of the grouped Hall sensors of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drive circuit of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the motor body of the present invention rotating 0 degrees clockwise.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the motor body of the present invention rotating 30 degrees clockwise.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the motor body of the present invention rotating 60 degrees clockwise.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the motor body of the present invention rotating 90 degrees clockwise.

[0033] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the motor body of the present invention rotating 120 degrees clockwise.

[0034] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the motor body of the present invention rotating 150 degrees clockwise.

[0035] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the motor body of the present invention rotating 180 degrees clockwise.

[0036] In the figure, A, the motor body; B, the drive circuit; 1, the first coil; 2, the second coil; 3, the third coil; 4, the fourth coil; 5, the fifth coil; 6, the sixth coil; 7, the first positive Hall sensor; 8, the first negative Hall sensor; 9, the second positive Hall sensor; 10, the second negative Hall sensor; 11, the third positive Hall sensor; 12, the third negative Hall sensor; 13, the first permanent magnet; 14, the second permanent magnet; 15, the third permanent magnet; 16, the fourth permanent magnet; 17, the stator; 18, the rotor; 19, the rotating shaft; 20, the first diode; 21, the second diode; 22, the third diode; 23, the fourth diode; 24, the fifth diode; 25, the sixth diode; 26, the seventh diode; 27, the eighth diode; 28, the ninth diode; 29, the twelfth diode; 30, the eleventh diode; 31, the twelfth diode; 32, the rechargeable battery; 33, the first field effect transistor; 34, the second field effect transistor; 35, the third field effect transistor; 36, the fourth field effect transistor; 37, the fifth field effect transistor; 38, the sixth field effect transistor. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The following further describes the detailed implementation manners of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0038] As Figures 1 to 4As shown, a motor that recovers back electromotive force during operation includes a motor main body A and a drive circuit B. The motor main body A includes a rotor 18 fixedly sleeved on a rotating shaft 19. The outer circumference of the rotor 18 is sleeved with a stator 17. On the inner circumference of the stator 17, a first stator winding coil, a second stator winding coil, and a third stator winding coil are symmetrically distributed around the center. The first stator winding coil has a first coil 1 and a second coil 2. The second stator winding coil has a third coil 3 and a fourth coil 4. The third stator winding coil has a fifth coil 5 and a sixth coil 6. A forward Hall sensor 7 and a reverse Hall sensor 8 that are grouped and matched are arranged between the third stator winding coil and the first stator winding coil. A forward Hall sensor 9 and a reverse Hall sensor 10 that are grouped and matched are arranged between the first stator winding coil and the second stator winding coil. A forward Hall sensor 11 and a reverse Hall sensor 12 that are grouped and matched are arranged between the second stator winding coil and the third stator winding coil. A first permanent magnet 13, a second permanent magnet 14, a third permanent magnet 15, and a fourth permanent magnet 16 are fixedly arranged on the rotor 18. The first permanent magnet 13, the second permanent magnet 14, the third permanent magnet 15, and the fourth permanent magnet 16 are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the rotor 18 to form a centrosymmetric structure, and the N poles and S poles of the first permanent magnet 13, the second permanent magnet 14, the third permanent magnet 15, and the fourth permanent magnet 16 are arranged alternately.

[0039] In the drive circuit B, the upper end of the first coil 1 is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode 20 and the DC power supply line DC+, and the lower end is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode 21 and the drain D of the first field effect transistor 33. The source S of the first field effect transistor 33 is connected to the DC power supply line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the forward Hall sensor 7 ( Figure 1 Only the connection method of the signal line of the Hall sensor is shown in the figure. The connection method for supplying power to the Hall sensor is a conventional method and can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art); the lower end of the second coil 2 is connected to the negative electrode of the third diode 22 and the DC power supply line DC+, and the upper end is connected to the positive electrode of the fourth diode 23 and the drain D of the second field effect transistor 34. The source S of the second field effect transistor 34 is connected to the DC power supply line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the reverse Hall sensor 8;

[0040] The upper end of the third coil 3 is connected to the negative electrode of the fifth diode 24 and the DC power supply line DC+, and the lower end is connected to the positive electrode of the sixth diode 25 and the drain D of the third field effect transistor 35. The source S of the third field effect transistor 35 is connected to the DC power supply line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the forward Hall sensor 9; the lower end of the fourth coil 4 is connected to the negative electrode of the seventh diode 26 and the DC power supply line DC+, and the upper end is connected to the positive electrode of the eighth diode 27 and the drain D of the fourth field effect transistor 36. The source S of the fourth field effect transistor 36 is connected to the DC power supply line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the reverse Hall sensor 10;

[0041] The upper end of the fifth coil 5 is connected to the negative electrode of the ninth diode 28 and the DC power supply line DC+, and the lower end is connected to the positive electrode of the twelfth diode 29 and the drain D of the fifth field effect transistor 37. The source S of the fifth field effect transistor 37 is connected to the DC power supply line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the forward Hall sensor three 11; the lower end of the sixth coil 6 is connected to the negative electrode of the eleventh diode 30 and the DC power supply line DC+, and the upper end is connected to the positive electrode of the twelfth diode 31 and the drain D of the sixth field effect transistor 38. The source S of the sixth field effect transistor 38 is connected to the DC power supply line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the reverse Hall sensor three 12;

[0042] The positive electrodes of the first diode 20, the third diode 22, the fifth diode 24, the seventh diode 26, the ninth diode 28, and the eleventh diode 30 are connected together, and are also connected to the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery; the negative electrodes of the second diode 21, the fourth diode 23, the sixth diode 25, the eighth diode 27, the twelfth diode 29, and the twelfth diode 31 are connected together, and are also connected to the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery.

[0043] This motor is a DC permanent magnet brushless motor, which uses three sets of stator winding coils, and four rotor magnetic poles are arranged in an alternating pattern of N and S poles. In actual production and application, according to market demand, actual usage requirements, torque, speed, power, etc., the number of stator winding coils and the number of rotor magnetic poles will be increased accordingly. The structure of the motor can be cylindrical, disc-shaped, inner rotor type, outer rotor type, but the basic principle remains the same. The first group of forward Hall sensors one 7 and reverse Hall sensors one 8, the second group of forward Hall sensors two 9 and reverse Hall sensors two 10, and the third group of forward Hall sensors three 11 and reverse Hall sensors three 12 are arranged in central symmetry, and are located between the stator and the rotor and are evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the rotor. The forward Hall sensor one 7, the reverse Hall sensor one 8, the forward Hall sensor two 9, the reverse Hall sensor two 10, the forward Hall sensor three 11, and the reverse Hall sensor three 12 are all single-pole normally closed types. When the north pole N of the permanent magnet magnetic pole approaches the front of the Hall sensor, the Hall sensor outputs a high potential (open). When the south pole S of the permanent magnet magnetic pole approaches the front of the Hall sensor or there is no magnetic field, the Hall sensor outputs a low potential (closed). When the south pole S of the permanent magnet magnetic pole approaches the back of the Hall sensor, the Hall sensor outputs a high potential (open). When the north pole N of the permanent magnet magnetic pole approaches the back of the Hall sensor or there is no magnetic field, the Hall sensor outputs a low potential (closed).

[0044] The first to twelfth diodes 31 can be replaced by fast recovery diodes. The first to sixth field effect transistors can be replaced by triodes or IGBTs. The rechargeable battery can be replaced by a capacitor. All the connecting wires in the drive circuit B are copper wires. The rechargeable battery is various containers for storing electrical energy, such as lithium batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, solid-state batteries, etc.

[0045] The first stator winding coil has a first stator core, and the first coil 1 and the second coil 2 are wound around the first stator core in a double-wire and same-direction manner; the second stator winding coil has a second stator core, and the third coil 3 and the fourth coil 4 are wound around the second stator core in a double-wire and same-direction manner; the third stator winding coil has a third stator core, and the fifth coil 5 and the sixth coil 6 are wound around the third stator core in a double-wire and same-direction manner. That is, in each of the three phases, each stator core is wound with two groups of coils in a double-wire and same-direction manner. After the two groups of coils are energized respectively, magnetic poles N and S can be generated facing the rotor. Among them, after the first coil 1, the third coil 3, and the fifth coil 5 are energized, only magnetic pole N is generated facing the rotor. Among them, after the second coil 2, the fourth coil 4, and the sixth coil 6 are energized, only magnetic pole S is generated facing the rotor.

[0046] The forward Hall sensor 1 7 is located above and its front faces the rotor, and the reverse Hall sensor 1 8 is located below and its back faces the rotor; the forward Hall sensor 2 9 is located above and its front faces the rotor, and the reverse Hall sensor 2 10 is located below and its back faces the rotor; the forward Hall sensor 3 11 is located above and its front faces the rotor, and the reverse Hall sensor 3 12 is located below and its back faces the rotor.

[0047] The power supply connection method adopts the following two schemes:

[0048] Scheme 1, a DC power supply for driving the rotation of the motor main body A is directly connected between the DC power line DC+ and the DC power line DC-.

[0049] Scheme 2, a DC speed regulator for adjusting the speed of the motor main body A is first connected between the DC power line DC+ and the DC power line DC-, and then a DC power supply for driving the rotation of the motor main body A is connected.

[0050] This scheme does not show the connection method of the DC power supply and the DC speed regulator. The connection method of the DC power supply and the DC speed regulator is a conventional method and can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art.

[0051] The operation method of the motor that recovers the back electromotive force during operation is:

[0052] Figure 5 For the rotor to rotate clockwise by 0 degrees

[0053] Figure 5This is a top view. The lowermost iron core is the first stator iron core. The first coil 1 and the second coil 2 are wound around the first stator iron core in the same direction. Taking the counterclockwise direction as the reference, the next one is the second stator iron core, and the third coil 3 and the fourth coil 4 are wound around the second stator iron core in the same direction. Taking the counterclockwise direction as the reference, the next one is the third stator iron core, and the fifth coil 5 and the sixth coil 6 are wound around the third stator iron core in the same direction.

[0054] Figure 5 This is a top view. The permanent magnet 13 on the rotor facing the lowermost first stator iron core has its N pole facing outward. Taking the counterclockwise direction as the reference, in sequence, the permanent magnet 14 has its S pole facing outward, the permanent magnet 15 has its N pole facing outward, and the permanent magnet 16 has its S pole facing outward.

[0055] At Figure 5 the first moment, Figure 2 in the forward Hall sensor 1 - 7 and the reverse Hall sensor 1 - 8 shown face the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor at the same time. Since Figure 2 the front of the forward Hall sensor 1 - 7 in Figure 2 faces the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor, the forward Hall sensor 1 - 7 in Figure 2 senses the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor, so it changes from the off state to the on state. (Since Figure 4 the front of the forward Hall sensor 1 - 7 in Figure 2 faces the rotor, it will only turn on when it senses the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, and is in the off state when the front faces the S pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Since Figure 4 the gate G of the first field - effect transistor 33 in Figure 2 is connected to the signal line of the forward Hall sensor 1 - 7 in Figure 4 the gate G of the first field - effect transistor 33 in Figure 4 receives the on signal of the forward Hall sensor 1 - 7 in Figure 2 the first field - effect transistor 33 changes from the off - cut state to the on - conducting state. At this time, in Figure 4The first diode 20 and the second diode 21 connected in parallel with the first coil 1 in it are in the opposite direction to the power supply voltage, so they are not conducting.

[0056] At Figure 5 At the same time, because Figure 2 the back of the reverse Hall sensor 8 in it faces the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor, so Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor 8 in it is in the off state (because Figure 2 the back of the reverse Hall sensor 8 in it faces the rotor, so it will only turn on when the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is sensed, and is in the off state when the back faces the N pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Because Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor 8 in it controls Figure 4 the turn-on conduction and turn-off cut-off of the second field-effect transistor 34 in it, Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor 8 in it is in the off state at this time, resulting in Figure 4 the second field-effect transistor 34 in it being in the off cut-off state, so no current passes through the second coil 2, and thus it does not work.

[0057] At Figure 5 At the same time, Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor 9 and the reverse Hall sensor 10 shown in it are facing the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor. Because Figure 2 the front of the forward Hall sensor 9 in it faces the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor, so Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor 9 in it is in the off state (because Figure 2 the front of the forward Hall sensor 9 in it faces the rotor, so it will only turn on when the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is sensed, and is in the off state when the front faces the S pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Because Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor 9 in it controls Figure 4 the turn-on conduction and turn-off cut-off of the third field-effect transistor 35 in it, Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor 9 in it is in the off state at this time, resulting in Figure 4 the third field-effect transistor 35 in it being in the off cut-off state, so no current passes through the third coil 3, and thus it does not work.

[0058] At Figure 5 At the same time because Figure 2 the back of the reverse Hall sensor 10 in it faces the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor, Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor 10 in it senses the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor, so it changes from the off state to the on state. (Because Figure 2The back of the reverse Hall sensor II 10 faces the rotor, so it will only turn on when the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is sensed, and it will be in the off state when the back faces the N pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Since Figure 4 the gate G of the fourth field-effect transistor 36 in Figure 2 is connected to the signal line of the reverse Hall sensor II 10 in Figure 4 so the gate G of the fourth field-effect transistor 36 in Figure 2 receives the turn-on signal of the reverse Hall sensor II 10 in Figure 4 and the fourth field-effect transistor 36 in Figure 4 switches from the off and cutoff state to the on and conducting state. At this time, in Figure 5 the current of the DC power supply DC+ passes through the fourth coil 4, then through the drain D and source S of the fourth field-effect transistor 36, and finally leads to the DC power supply DC-. Since there is current passing through the fourth coil 4, the fourth coil 4 generates a magnetic pole S facing the rotor. At this time, in Figure 5 according to the position of the fourth coil 4 and the position of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets on the rotor, the magnetic pole S generated by the fourth coil 4 exactly pushes the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor in the clockwise direction and attracts the N pole of the next permanent magnet 15 on the rotor, causing the rotor to rotate in the clockwise direction. At this time, since Figure 4 the seventh diode 26 and the eighth diode 27 connected in parallel with the fourth coil 4 in

[0059] are in the opposite direction to the power supply voltage, they are not conducting. Figure 5 At the same time, in Figure 2 since the rotor rotates in the clockwise direction, the forward Hall sensor III 11 and the reverse Hall sensor III 12 in Figure 2 are in the no-magnetic-field state at this time. Since the forward Hall sensor III 11 in Figure 4 controls the turn-on and conduction and the turn-off and cutoff of the fifth field-effect transistor 37 in Figure 2 and the reverse Hall sensor III 12 in Figure 4 controls the turn-on and conduction and the turn-off and cutoff of the sixth field-effect transistor 38 in Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor III 11 and the reverse Hall sensor III 12 in Figure 4 are in the off state at this time, resulting in the fifth field-effect transistor 37 and the sixth field-effect transistor 38 in

[0060] Figure 6 being in the off and cutoff state, so there is no current passing through the fifth coil 5 and the sixth coil 6, and therefore they do not work.

[0061] In Figure 6 the rotor rotates 30 degrees in the clockwise direction. At the same time, at this time Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor I 7 is turning on, and the turn-on signal of the forward Hall sensor I 7 is controllingFigure 4 When the first field effect transistor 33 in Figure 4 is turned on, the first coil 1 continues to generate a magnetic pole N facing the rotor, and continues to push the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor in a clockwise direction, and attracts the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor that is closest to the first coil 1 next, causing the rotor to continue to rotate in a clockwise direction.

[0062] At Figure 6 At the same time, at this moment Figure 2 The reverse Hall sensor 1 in Figure 2 continues to remain in the off state. Since Figure 2 The reverse Hall sensor 1 in Figure 2 controls Figure 4 The on and off of the second field effect transistor 34 in Figure 4 , Figure 2 The reverse Hall sensor 1 in Figure 2 is in the off state at this moment, resulting in Figure 4 The second field effect transistor 34 in Figure 4 is in the off state, so no current passes through the second coil 2, and thus it does not work.

[0063] At Figure 6 At the same time, at this moment Figure 2 The forward Hall sensor 2 in Figure 2 continues to remain in the off state. Since Figure 2 The forward Hall sensor 2 in Figure 2 controls Figure 4 The on and off of the third field effect transistor 35 in Figure 4 , Figure 2 The forward Hall sensor 2 in Figure 2 is in the off state at this moment, resulting in Figure 4 The third field effect transistor 35 in Figure 4 is in the off state, so no current passes through the third coil 3, and thus it does not work.

[0064] At Figure 6 At the same time, since the rotor rotates clockwise, the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor leaves Figure 2 The reverse Hall sensor 2 in Figure 2 (the reverse Hall sensor 2 is in the on state when the back of the reverse Hall sensor 2 faces the S pole of the permanent magnet, and is in the off state when the back of the reverse Hall sensor 2 faces the N pole of the permanent magnet and when there is no magnetic field). As a result Figure 2 The reverse Hall sensor 2 in Figure 2 changes from the on signal state to the off state. Since Figure 2 The reverse Hall sensor 2 in Figure 2 controls Figure 4 The on and off of the fourth field effect transistor 36 in Figure 4 , so Figure 4The fourth field-effect transistor 36 in also changes from the conducting state to the cut-off state. As a result, the current passing through the fourth coil 4 is interrupted. At the moment of power-off, the magnetic field stored in the fourth coil 4 will be released in the form of electrical energy, which is called back electromotive force. The voltage direction of this back electromotive force is opposite to the power supply voltage direction and will be released instantaneously in the form of high voltage (at this time, the fourth coil 4 is equivalent to an inductor, which can store electrical energy in the form of a magnetic field. When it is powered on, it will store a large amount of magnetic fields. When the fourth field-effect transistor 36 changes from the conducting state to the cut-off state, the fourth coil 4 will be powered off. At this time, the magnetic field generated by the fourth coil 4 does not disappear, and this magnetic field will generate a back electromotive force). The voltage generated by this back electromotive force is opposite to the power supply voltage direction and is the same as the voltage direction of the seventh diode 26 and the eighth diode 27 connected in parallel with the fourth coil 4 in Figure 4 The back electromotive force is led out in time by the seventh diode 26 and the eighth diode 27 in Figure 4 and the electrical energy is used to charge and store the rechargeable battery 32 in Figure 4 .

[0065] At the same time in Figure 6 , the forward Hall sensor three 11 and the reverse Hall sensor three 12 shown in Figure 2 face the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor at the same time. Since Figure 2 the front of the forward Hall sensor three 11 in faces the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor, so Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor three 11 in is in the off state (since Figure 2 the front of the forward Hall sensor three 11 in faces the rotor, it will only turn on when it senses the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, and is in the off state when the front faces the S pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Since Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor three 11 in controls the turn-on and conduction and turn-off and cut-off of the fifth field-effect transistor 37 in Figure 4 , and the forward Hall sensor three 11 in is in the off state at this time, resulting in Figure 2 the fifth field-effect transistor 37 in being in the off and cut-off state, so no current passes through the fifth coil 5 and it does not work. Figure 4

[0066] At the same time in Figure 6 , since Figure 2 the back of the reverse Hall sensor three 12 in faces the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor, Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor three 12 in senses the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor and changes from the off state to the on state. (Since Figure 2 the back of the reverse Hall sensor three 12 in faces the rotor, it will only turn on when it senses the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, and is in the off state when the back faces the N pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Since Figure 4the gate G of the sixth field effect transistor 38 in is connected to Figure 2 the signal line of the reverse Hall sensor three 12 in, so Figure 4 the gate G of the sixth field effect transistor 38 in receives Figure 2 the turn-on signal of the reverse Hall sensor three 12 in, Figure 4 the sixth field effect transistor 38 in changes from the off cut-off state to the on-conduction state. At this time, in Figure 4 the current of the DC power supply DC+ passes through the sixth coil 6, then through the drain D and source S of the sixth field effect transistor 38, and finally leads to the DC power supply DC-. Since there is current passing through the sixth coil 6, the sixth coil 6 generates a magnetic pole S facing the rotor. Since at this time Figure 2 the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor in is opposite to the magnetic pole S generated by the sixth coil 6, but the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor is biased to the left, and the magnetic pole S generated by the sixth coil 6 is closest to the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 adjacent to the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor in the counterclockwise direction at this time. Therefore, the magnetic pole S generated by the sixth coil 6 pushes the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor in the clockwise direction and attracts the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 closest to the sixth coil 6 on the rotor, causing the rotor to continue to rotate in the clockwise direction. At this time, since Figure 4 the eleventh diode 30 and the twelfth diode 31 connected in parallel with the sixth coil 6 in are in the opposite direction to the power supply voltage, so they are not conducting.

[0067] Figure 7 For the rotor to rotate 60 degrees clockwise

[0068] In Figure 7 the rotor rotates 60 degrees in the clockwise direction. At the same time, since the rotor rotates clockwise, the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor leaves Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor one 7 in. (The forward Hall sensor one 7 is in the on state when the front of the forward Hall sensor one 7 faces the N pole of the permanent magnet, and is in the off state when the front of the forward Hall sensor one 7 faces the S pole of the permanent magnet and when there is no magnetic field.) As a result Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor one 7 in changes from the on-signal state to the off state. Since Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor one 7 in controls Figure 4 the conduction and cut-off of the first field effect transistor 33 in, so Figure 4The first field effect transistor 33 in it also changes from the conducting state to the cut-off state. As a result, the current passing through the first coil 1 is disconnected. At the moment of power-off, the magnetic field stored in the first coil 1 will be released in the form of electrical energy, which is called back electromotive force. The voltage direction of this back electromotive force is opposite to the power supply voltage direction and will be released instantaneously in the form of high voltage. (At this time, the first coil 1 is equivalent to an inductor, which can store electrical energy in the form of a magnetic field. When it is energized, it will store a large amount of magnetic fields. When the first field effect transistor 33 changes from the conducting state to the cut-off state, the first coil 1 will be powered off. At this time, the magnetic field generated by the first coil 1 does not disappear, and this magnetic field will generate a reverse electromotive force). The voltage generated by this reverse electromotive force is opposite to the power supply voltage direction and is the same as the voltage direction of the first diode 20 and the second diode 21 connected in parallel with the first coil 1 in Figure 4 The back electromotive force is led out in time by the first diode 20 and the second diode 21 in Figure 4 and the electrical energy is used to charge and store the rechargeable battery 32 in Figure 4 .

[0069] At the same time in Figure 7 , the reverse Hall sensor 8 in Figure 2 continues to remain in the off state. Since the reverse Hall sensor 8 in Figure 2 controls the turn-on and conduction and turn-off and cut-off of the second field effect transistor 34 in Figure 4 , and the reverse Hall sensor 8 in Figure 2 is in the off state at this time, resulting in the second field effect transistor 34 in Figure 4 being in the off and cut-off state. Therefore, no current passes through the second coil 2 and it does not work.

[0070] At the same time in Figure 7 , the forward Hall sensor 9 and the reverse Hall sensor 10 shown in Figure 2 face the N pole of the permanent magnet 15 on the rotor at the same time. Since the front of the forward Hall sensor 9 in Figure 2 faces the N pole of the permanent magnet 15 on the rotor, the forward Hall sensor 9 in Figure 2 senses the N pole of the permanent magnet 15 on the rotor, so it changes from the off state to the on state. (Since the front of the forward Hall sensor 9 in Figure 2 faces the rotor, it will only turn on when it senses the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor and is in the off state when the front faces the S pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Since the gate G of the third field effect transistor 35 in Figure 4 is connected to the signal line of the forward Hall sensor 9 in Figure 2 , the gate G of the third field effect transistor 35 in Figure 4 receives the turn-on signal of the forward Hall sensor 9 in Figure 2 , Figure 4The third field effect transistor 35 in Figure 4 switches from the off state to the on state. At this time, in Figure 2 , the current of the DC power supply DC+ passes through the third coil 3, then through the drain D and source S of the third field effect transistor 35, and finally leads to the DC power supply DC-. Since there is current passing through the third coil 3, the third coil 3 generates a magnetic pole N facing the rotor. At this time, Figure 4 , the fifth diode 24 and the sixth diode 25 connected in parallel with the third coil 3 are in the opposite direction to the power supply voltage, so they are not conducting.

[0071] In Figure 7 , at the same time, since Figure 2 , the back of the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in Figure 2 faces the N pole of the permanent magnet 15 on the rotor, so Figure 2 , the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in Figure 2 is in the off state (since Figure 4 , the back of the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in Figure 2 faces the rotor, so it will only turn on when it senses the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, and is in the off state when the back faces the N pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Since Figure 4 , the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in

[0072] controls the on and off of the fourth field effect transistor 36 in Figure 7 , and the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in Figure 2 is in the off state at this time, resulting in Figure 2 , the fourth field effect transistor 36 in Figure 2 being in the off state, so there is no current passing through the fourth coil 4 and it does not work. Figure 4 At the same time, in Figure 2 , the forward Hall sensor three 11 and the reverse Hall sensor three 12 shown in Figure 4The fifth field-effect transistor 37 in it is in the off state, so there is no current passing through the fifth coil 5, and thus it does not work.

[0073] At Figure 7 At the same time, at this moment Figure 2 The reverse Hall sensor three 12 in it is being turned on, and the turn-on signal of the reverse Hall sensor three 12 is controlling Figure 4 The conduction and turn-on of the sixth field-effect transistor 38 in it, and the sixth coil 6 continues to generate a magnetic pole S facing the rotor, and continues to push the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor in a clockwise direction, and attracts the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor that is closest to the sixth coil 6 next, so that the rotor continues to rotate in a clockwise direction.

[0074] Figure 8 For the rotor to rotate 90 degrees clockwise

[0075] At Figure 8 In it, the rotor rotates 90 degrees in a clockwise direction. At the same time, at this moment Figure 2 The forward Hall sensor one 7 and the reverse Hall sensor one 8 shown in it face the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor at the same time. Since Figure 2 The front of the forward Hall sensor one 7 in it faces the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor, so Figure 2 The forward Hall sensor one 7 in it is in the off state (since Figure 2 The front of the forward Hall sensor one 7 in it faces the rotor, so it will only turn on when it senses the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, and is in the off state when the front faces the S pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Since Figure 2 The forward Hall sensor one 7 in it controls Figure 4 The turn-on, conduction and off of the first field-effect transistor 33 in it, Figure 2 The forward Hall sensor one 7 in it is in the off state at this moment, resulting in Figure 4 The first field-effect transistor 33 in it is in the off state, so there is no current passing through the first coil 1, and thus it does not work.

[0076] At Figure 8 In it, at the same time, since Figure 2 The back of the reverse Hall sensor one 8 in it faces the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor, Figure 2 The reverse Hall sensor one 8 in it senses the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor, so it changes from the off state to the on state. (Since Figure 2 The back of the reverse Hall sensor one 8 in it faces the rotor, so it will only turn on when it senses the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, and is in the off state when the back faces the N pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Since Figure 4 The gate G of the second field-effect transistor 34 in it is connected to Figure 2 The signal line of the reverse Hall sensor one 8 in it, soFigure 4 The gate G of the second field effect transistor 34 in Figure 2 receives the turn-on signal of the reverse Hall sensor 8 in Figure 4 The second field effect transistor 34 in Figure 4 changes from the off state to the on state. At this time, in Figure 2 the current of the DC power supply DC+ passes through the second coil 2, then through the drain D and source S of the second field effect transistor 34, and finally leads to the DC power supply DC-. Since there is current passing through the second coil 2, the second coil 2 generates a magnetic pole S facing the rotor. Since at this time Figure 4 the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor in

[0077] In Figure 8 at the same time, Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor 9 and the reverse Hall sensor 10 shown in Figure 2 are facing the N pole of the permanent magnet 15 on the rotor. At this time, Figure 4 the forward Hall sensor 9 in

[0078] In Figure 8 at the same time, at this time Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor 10 in Figure 2 continues to maintain the off state. Since Figure 4 the reverse Hall sensor 10 in Figure 2 controls the turn-on and turn-off of the fourth field effect transistor 36 in Figure 4 and the reverse Hall sensor 10 is in the off state at this time, resulting in

[0079] In Figure 8 at the same time, at this time Figure 2The forward Hall sensor three 11 therein continues to remain in the off state. Since Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor three 11 therein controls Figure 4 the on and off conduction of the fifth field effect transistor 37 therein, Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor three 11 therein is in the off state at this time, resulting in Figure 4 the fifth field effect transistor 37 therein being in the off cut-off state. Therefore, no current passes through the fifth coil 5 and it does not work.

[0080] At Figure 8 the same time, since the rotor rotates clockwise, the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor leaves Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor three 12 therein. (The reverse Hall sensor three 12 is in the on state when the back of the reverse Hall sensor three 12 faces the S pole of the permanent magnet, and is in the off state when the back of the reverse Hall sensor three 12 faces the N pole of the permanent magnet and when there is no magnetic field.) This causes Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor three 12 therein to change from the on signal state to the off state. Since Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor three 12 therein controls Figure 4 the conduction and cut-off of the sixth field effect transistor 38 therein, so Figure 4 the sixth field effect transistor 38 therein also changes from the on state to the cut-off state. This causes the current passing through the sixth coil 6 to be disconnected. At the moment of power-off, the magnetic field stored in the sixth coil 6 will be released in the form of electrical energy, which is called the back electromotive force. The voltage direction of this back electromotive force is opposite to the power supply voltage direction and will be released instantaneously in the form of high voltage. (At this time, the sixth coil 6 is equivalent to an inductor, which can store electrical energy in the form of a magnetic field. When it is energized, it will store a large amount of magnetic fields. When the sixth field effect transistor 38 changes from the on state to the cut-off state, the sixth coil 6 will be powered off. At this time, the magnetic field generated by the sixth coil 6 does not disappear, and this magnetic field will generate a back electromotive force.) The voltage generated by this back electromotive force is opposite to the power supply voltage direction and is the same as the voltage direction of the eleventh and twelfth diodes 30 and 31 connected in parallel with the sixth coil 6 therein. This back electromotive force is Figure 4 timely led out by the eleventh and twelfth diodes 30 and 31 therein, and this electrical energy is used to Figure 4 charge and store the rechargeable battery 32 therein. Figure 4 When the rotor rotates clockwise by 120 degrees

[0081] Figure 9 In

[0082] At Figure 9 the rotor rotates 120 degrees in the clockwise direction. At the same time, Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor one 7 and the reverse Hall sensor one 8 shown therein are facing the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor. At this time Figure 2The forward Hall sensor 7 therein remains in the off state. Since Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor 7 in Figure 4 controls the turn-on and turn-off of the first field-effect transistor 33 in Figure 2 and the forward Hall sensor 7 is in the off state at this time, resulting in Figure 4 the first field-effect transistor 33 in

[0083] being in the off state. Therefore, no current passes through the first coil 1 and it does not work. Figure 9 In Figure 2 at the same time, the reverse Hall sensor 8 therein is turning on, and the turn-on signal of the reverse Hall sensor 8 controls Figure 4 the conduction of the second field-effect transistor 34 in

[0084] In Figure 9 at the same time, since the rotor rotates clockwise, the N pole of the permanent magnet 15 on the rotor leaves Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor 9 in Figure 2 (the forward Hall sensor 9 is in the on state when its front faces the N pole of the permanent magnet, and is in the off state when its front faces the S pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field), resulting in Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor 9 in Figure 4 changing from the on-signal state to the off state. Since Figure 4 the forward Hall sensor 9 in Figure 4 controls the conduction and cut-off of the third field-effect transistor 35 in Figure 4 the third field-effect transistor 35 in Figure 4The rechargeable battery 32 is charged and stored.

[0085] At Figure 9 the same time, at this moment Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in Figure 2 continues to remain off because the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in Figure 4 controls the turn-on and turn-off of the fourth field-effect transistor 36 in Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in Figure 4 is off at this moment, causing the fourth field-effect transistor 36 in

[0086] At Figure 9 the same time, the rotor rotates 120 degrees in the clockwise direction. At this moment Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor three 11 and the reverse Hall sensor three 12 shown in Figure 2 both face the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor. Because Figure 2 the front of the forward Hall sensor three 11 in Figure 2 faces the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor, the forward Hall sensor three 11 in Figure 4 senses the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor and thus changes from the off state to the on state. (Because Figure 2 the front of the forward Hall sensor three 11 in Figure 4 faces the rotor, it will only turn on when it senses the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, and is in the off state when the front faces the S pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Because Figure 2 the gate G of the fifth field-effect transistor 37 in Figure 4 is connected to the signal line of the forward Hall sensor three 11 in Figure 4 the gate G of the fifth field-effect transistor 37 in Figure 2 receives the turn-on signal of the forward Hall sensor three 11 in Figure 4 the fifth field-effect transistor 37 changes from the off state to the on state. At this moment, in Figure 4 the current of the DC power supply DC+ passes through the fifth coil 5, then through the drain D and source S of the fifth field-effect transistor 37, and finally leads to the DC power supply DC-. Since there is current passing through the fifth coil 5, the fifth coil 5 generates a magnetic pole N facing the rotor. Because at this moment Figure 2 the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor is opposite to the magnetic pole N generated by the fifth coil 5, but the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor is located to the left, and the magnetic pole N generated by the fifth coil 5 is closest to the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 adjacent to the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor in the counterclockwise direction at this moment. So the magnetic pole N generated by the fifth coil 5 pushes the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor in the clockwise direction and attracts the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 closest to the fifth coil 5 on the rotor, causing the rotor to continue to rotate in the clockwise direction. At this moment, becauseFigure 4 The ninth diode 28 and the twelfth diode 29 connected in parallel with the fifth coil 5 in

[0087] In Figure 9 , at the same time, because Figure 2 the back of the reverse Hall sensor three 12 in Figure 2 faces the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor, so Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor three 12 in Figure 2 is in the off state (because Figure 4 the back of the reverse Hall sensor three 12 in Figure 2 faces the rotor, so it will only turn on when the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is sensed, and is in the off state when the back faces the N pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Since Figure 4 the reverse Hall sensor three 12 in

[0088] Figure 10 The rotor rotates clockwise by 150 degrees

[0089] In Figure 10 , the rotor rotates 150 degrees in the clockwise direction. At the same time, at this time Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor one 7 in Figure 2 continues to remain in the off state. Since Figure 4 the forward Hall sensor one 7 in Figure 2 controls the turn-on conduction and turn-off cut-off of the first field effect transistor 33 in Figure 4 and the forward Hall sensor one 7 is in the off state at this time, resulting in

[0090] In Figure 10 , at the same time, at this time, because the rotor rotates clockwise, the S pole of the permanent magnet 14 on the rotor leaves Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor one 8 in Figure 2 (the reverse Hall sensor one 8 is in the on state when the back faces the S pole of the permanent magnet, and is in the off state when the back faces the N pole of the permanent magnet and when there is no magnetic field), resulting in Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor one 8 in Figure 4 changing from the on signal state to the off state. Since Figure 4The second field-effect transistor 34 in [[ ]] also changes from the conducting state to the cut-off state, causing the current passing through the second coil 2 to be disconnected. At the moment of power-off, the magnetic field stored in the second coil 2 will be released in the form of electrical energy, which is called back electromotive force. The voltage direction of this back electromotive force is opposite to the power supply voltage direction and will be released instantaneously in the form of high voltage (at this time, the second coil 2 is equivalent to an inductor, which can store electrical energy in the form of a magnetic field. When it is energized, it will store a large amount of magnetic fields. When the second field-effect transistor 34 changes from the conducting state to the cut-off state, the second coil 2 will be powered off. At this time, the magnetic field generated by the second coil 2 does not disappear, and this magnetic field will generate a back electromotive force). The voltage generated by this back electromotive force is opposite to the power supply voltage direction and is the same as the voltage direction of the third diode 22 and the fourth diode 23 connected in parallel with the second coil 2 in [[ ]], and this back electromotive force is Figure 4 in the third diode 22 and the fourth diode 23 connected in parallel with the second coil 2 in [[ ]] are timely derived, and this electrical energy is given to Figure 4 in the rechargeable battery 32 in [[ ]] is charged and stored. Figure 4 In [[ ]], at the same time, the rotor rotates 150 degrees in the clockwise direction. At this time,

[0091] In [[ ]], Figure 10 at the same time, the rotor rotates 150 degrees in the clockwise direction. At this time, Figure 2 the positive Hall sensor two 9 and the reverse Hall sensor two 10 shown in [[ ]] simultaneously face the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor. Since Figure 2 the front of the positive Hall sensor two 9 in [[ ]] faces the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor, so Figure 2 the positive Hall sensor two 9 in [[ ]] is in the off state (since Figure 2 the front of the positive Hall sensor two 9 in [[ ]] faces the rotor, so it will only turn on when it senses the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, and is in the off state when the front faces the S pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). Since Figure 2 the positive Hall sensor two 9 in [[ ]] controls Figure 4 the on and off conduction of the third field-effect transistor 35 in [[ ]], Figure 2 the positive Hall sensor two 9 in [[ ]] is in the off state at this time, resulting in Figure 4 the third field-effect transistor 35 in [[ ]] being in the off and cut-off state, so no current passes through the third coil 3 and it does not work.

[0092] In [[ ]], Figure 10 at the same time, since Figure 2 the back of the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in [[ ]] faces the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor, Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in [[ ]] senses the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor, so it changes from the off state to the on state. (Since Figure 2 the back of the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in [[ ]] faces the rotor, so it will only turn on when it senses the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, and is in the off state when the back faces the N pole of the permanent magnet or there is no magnetic field). SinceFigure 4 The gate G of the fourth field effect transistor 36 in Figure 2 is connected to the signal line of the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in Figure 4 so that the gate G of the fourth field effect transistor 36 in Figure 2 receives the turn-on signal of the reverse Hall sensor two 10 in Figure 4 and the fourth field effect transistor 36 in Figure 4 switches from the off state to the on state. At this time, in Figure 4 , the current of the DC power supply DC+ passes through the fourth coil 4, then through the drain D and source S of the fourth field effect transistor 36, and finally leads to the DC power supply DC-. Since there is current passing through the fourth coil 4, the fourth coil 4 generates a magnetic pole S facing the rotor. Since at this time Figure 2 the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor in is opposite to the magnetic pole S generated by the fourth coil 4, but the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor is shifted to the left, and the magnetic pole S generated by the fourth coil 4 is closest to the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 adjacent to the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor in the counterclockwise direction at this time. Therefore, the magnetic pole S generated by the fourth coil 4 pushes the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 on the rotor in the clockwise direction and attracts the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor closest to the fourth coil 4, causing the rotor to continue to rotate in the clockwise direction. At this time, since Figure 4 the seventh diode 26 and the eighth diode 27 connected in parallel with the fourth coil 4 in are opposite to the power supply voltage direction, they are not conducting.

[0093] In Figure 10 , the rotor rotates 150 degrees in the clockwise direction. At the same time, Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor three 11 and the reverse Hall sensor three 12 shown in are facing the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor. At this time, Figure 2 the forward Hall sensor three 11 in is in the on state, and the turn-on signal of the forward Hall sensor three 11 controls the Figure 4 turn-on and conduction of the fifth field effect transistor 37 in . The fifth coil 5 continues to generate a magnetic pole N facing the rotor, continues to push the N pole of the permanent magnet 13 on the rotor in the clockwise direction, and attracts the S pole of the next permanent magnet 14 on the rotor closest to the fifth coil 5, causing the rotor to continue to rotate in the clockwise direction.

[0094] In Figure 10 , at the same time, at this time Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor three 12 in continues to remain in the off state. Since Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor three 12 in controls the Figure 4 turn-on, conduction and off, cut-off of the sixth field effect transistor 38 in , Figure 2 the reverse Hall sensor three 12 in is in the off state at this time, resulting in [[ID=299The sixth field effect transistor 38 is in the off state, so no current flows through the sixth coil 6, and therefore it does not work.

[0095] ​ Rotate the rotor 180 degrees clockwise

[0096] exist ​ In the process, the rotor rotates 180 degrees clockwise. At this time, the magnetic pole position of the permanent magnet on the rotor is ​ The rotor rotates clockwise to the same position of 0 degrees, and the rotating magnetic field and the driving steps of the motor of the present invention begin to repeat the next 180 degrees, and this cycle is repeated, resulting in continuous rotation of the motor. While the motor continues to rotate, the first coil 1, the second coil 2, the third coil 3, the fourth coil 4, the fifth coil 5 and the sixth coil 6 are continuously powered on and off, and the recovered back electromotive force energy is considerable.

[0097] The three stator cores of the DC brushless permanent magnet motor of the present invention are evenly arranged at 120 degrees in order to drive the motor to rotate more smoothly. The relationship between the three groups of stator cores during the operation of the motor is that there is always one group of stator cores that has just started to drive, one group of stator cores is being driven, and one group of stator cores has just finished driving.

[0098] Each stator coil of the DC permanent magnet brushless motor of the present invention operates independently. The diagram of the present invention shows the most basic 6 stator coils, which are double-wired in the same direction and wound on three stator cores. Even if one or two groups of stator coils do not work due to a fault, the motor will continue to run and will not stop, which ensures safety.

[0099] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor for recovering back electromotive force during operation, comprising a motor main body and a drive circuit. The motor main body includes a rotor fixedly sleeved on a rotating shaft, and a stator is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotor. First stator winding coils, second stator winding coils, and third stator winding coils are symmetrically distributed around the center on the inner periphery of the stator. The first stator winding coil has a first coil and a second coil, the second stator winding coil has a third coil and a fourth coil, and the third stator winding coil has a fifth coil and a sixth coil. A forward Hall sensor one and a reverse Hall sensor one that are grouped and matched are arranged between the third stator winding coil and the first stator winding coil. A forward Hall sensor two and a reverse Hall sensor two that are grouped and matched are arranged between the first stator winding coil and the second stator winding coil. A forward Hall sensor three and a reverse Hall sensor three that are grouped and matched are arranged between the second stator winding coil and the third stator winding coil. A permanent magnet one, a permanent magnet two, a permanent magnet three, and a permanent magnet four are fixedly arranged on the rotor. The permanent magnet one, the permanent magnet two, the permanent magnet three, and the permanent magnet four are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the rotor to form a centrosymmetric structure, and the N poles and S poles of the permanent magnet one, the permanent magnet two, the permanent magnet three, and the permanent magnet four are arranged alternately; In the drive circuit, the upper end of the first coil is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode and the DC power line DC+, the lower end is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode and the drain D of the first field-effect transistor. The source S of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the DC power line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the forward Hall sensor one; The lower end of the second coil is connected to the negative electrode of the third diode and the DC power line DC+, the upper end is connected to the positive electrode of the fourth diode and the drain D of the second field-effect transistor. The source S of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the DC power line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the reverse Hall sensor one; The upper end of the third coil is connected to the negative electrode of the fifth diode and the DC power line DC+, the lower end is connected to the positive electrode of the sixth diode and the drain D of the third field-effect transistor. The source S of the third field-effect transistor is connected to the DC power line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the forward Hall sensor two; The lower end of the fourth coil is connected to the negative electrode of the seventh diode and the DC power line DC+, the upper end is connected to the positive electrode of the eighth diode and the drain D of the fourth field-effect transistor. The source S of the fourth field-effect transistor is connected to the DC power line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the reverse Hall sensor two; The upper end of the fifth coil is connected to the negative electrode of the ninth diode and the DC power line DC+, the lower end is connected to the positive electrode of the tenth diode and the drain D of the fifth field-effect transistor. The source S of the fifth field-effect transistor is connected to the DC power line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the forward Hall sensor three 11; The lower end of the sixth coil is connected to the negative electrode of the eleventh diode and the DC power line DC+, the upper end is connected to the positive electrode of the twelfth diode and the drain D of the sixth field-effect transistor. The source S of the sixth field-effect transistor is connected to the DC power line DC-, and the gate G is connected to the signal line of the reverse Hall sensor three; The anodes of the first diode, the third diode, the fifth diode, the seventh diode, the ninth diode, and the eleventh diode are connected together, and are also connected to the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery; the cathodes of the second diode, the fourth diode, the sixth diode, the eighth diode, the tenth diode, and the twelfth diode are connected together, and are also connected to the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery; The number of the stator winding coils is three, and the adjacent stator winding coils are uniformly arranged at an angle of 120°; the number of the permanent magnets is four, and the adjacent permanent magnets are uniformly arranged at an angle of 90°; between the DC power line DC+ and the DC power line DC-, a DC speed regulator for regulating the speed of the motor body is connected first, and then a DC power source for driving the rotation of the motor body is connected.

2. The motor for recovering back electromotive force during operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator winding coil has a stator iron core, and the first coil and the second coil are wound around the stator iron core in the same direction with two wires.

3. The motor for recovering back electromotive force during operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forward Hall sensor is located above and its front faces the rotor, and the reverse Hall sensor is located below and its back faces the rotor.

4. The motor for recovering back electromotive force during operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A DC power source for driving the rotation of the motor body is directly connected between the DC power line DC+ and the DC power line DC-.

5. The operation method of the motor for recovering back electromotive force during operation according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes the following steps: 1). Driving state: a. The front of the forward Hall sensor faces the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor. Therefore, the forward Hall sensor senses the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor and changes from the off state to the on state. Through the signal line connection, the gate G of the first field effect transistor receives the on signal of the forward Hall sensor. Therefore, the first field effect transistor changes from the off cut-off state to the on conduction state. The current of the DC power line DC+ passes through the first coil, then through the drain D and the source S of the first field effect transistor, and finally leads to the DC power line DC-; since there is current passing through the first coil, a magnetic pole N is generated facing the rotor. The N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is opposite to the magnetic pole N generated by the first coil. However, the position of the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is biased to the left, and the magnetic pole N generated by the first coil is closest to the S pole of the permanent magnet adjacent to the counterclockwise direction of the N pole of the permanent magnet that is currently opposite. Therefore, the magnetic pole N generated by the first coil pushes the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor in the clockwise direction and attracts the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor closest to the first coil, causing the rotor to rotate in the clockwise direction; at this time, the first diode and the second diode connected in parallel with the first coil are in the opposite direction to the power supply voltage and are not conducting; b. The back of the reverse Hall sensor faces the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor. The reverse Hall sensor senses the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, so it changes from the off state to the on state. Through the signal line connection, the gate G of the second field-effect transistor receives the on signal of the reverse Hall sensor, so the second field-effect transistor changes from the off cut-off state to the on conducting state. The current of the DC power line DC+ passes through the second coil, then through the drain D and source S of the second field-effect transistor, and finally leads to the DC power line DC-. Since there is current passing through the second coil, a magnetic pole S is generated facing the rotor. The S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is opposite to the magnetic pole S generated by the second coil. However, the position of the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is biased to the left, and the magnetic pole S generated by the second coil is closest to the N pole of the permanent magnet adjacent to the S pole of the permanent magnet in the counterclockwise direction at this time. Therefore, the magnetic pole S generated by the second coil pushes the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor in the clockwise direction and attracts the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor closest to the second coil, causing the rotor to rotate in the clockwise direction. At this time, the third diode and the fourth diode connected in parallel with the second coil are in the opposite direction to the power supply voltage and do not conduct. 2). End the driving state: a. Since the rotor rotates clockwise, the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor leaves the forward Hall sensor, causing it to change from the on signal state to the off state. Therefore, the first field-effect transistor controlled by the forward Hall sensor also changes from the conducting state to the cut-off state. As a result, the current passing through the first coil is disconnected. At the moment of power-off, the magnetic field stored in the first coil will be released in the form of electrical energy, that is, the back electromotive force. The voltage of this back electromotive force will be released instantaneously in the form of high voltage. The voltage generated by this back electromotive force is in the opposite direction to the power supply voltage, and the voltage directions of the first diode and the second diode connected in parallel with the first coil are the same. Therefore, this back electromotive force is timely led out by the first diode and the second diode, and this electrical energy is used to charge and store the rechargeable battery. b. Since the rotor rotates clockwise, the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor leaves the reverse Hall sensor, causing it to change from the on signal state to the off state. Therefore, the second field-effect transistor controlled by the reverse Hall sensor also changes from the conducting state to the cut-off state. As a result, the current passing through the second coil is disconnected. At the moment of power-off, the magnetic field stored in the second coil will be released in the form of electrical energy, that is, the back electromotive force. The voltage of this back electromotive force will be released instantaneously in the form of high voltage. The voltage generated by this back electromotive force is in the opposite direction to the power supply voltage, and the voltage directions of the third diode and the fourth diode connected in parallel with the second coil are the same. Therefore, this back electromotive force is timely led out by the third diode and the fourth diode, and this electrical energy is used to charge and store the rechargeable battery. No driving state: a. The front of the forward Hall sensor faces the S pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, so the forward Hall sensor is in the off state. Since the forward Hall sensor controls the on and off of the first field-effect transistor, and the forward Hall sensor is in the off state at this time, the first field-effect transistor is in the off cut-off state. Therefore, no current passes through the first coil and it does not work. b. The back of the reverse Hall sensor faces the N pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor, so the reverse Hall sensor is in the off state; since the reverse Hall sensor controls the on and off conduction of the second field-effect transistor, and the reverse Hall sensor is in the off state at this time, the second field-effect transistor is in the off state, so no current passes through the second coil and it does not work. When the rotor rotates continuously clockwise, among the three sets of stator winding coils, one set of stator winding coils starts to be driven, another set of stator winding coils is being driven, and the last set of stator winding coils has just finished being driven.

6. The operation method of the motor for recovering back electromotive force during operation as described in claim 5, characterized in that No-drive state: a. The front of the forward Hall sensor faces the field-free region between adjacent permanent magnets on the rotor, so the forward Hall sensor is in the off state; since the forward Hall sensor controls the on and off conduction of the first field-effect transistor, and the forward Hall sensor is in the off state at this time, the first field-effect transistor is in the off state, so no current passes through the first coil and it does not work. b. The back of the reverse Hall sensor faces the field-free region between adjacent permanent magnets on the rotor, so the reverse Hall sensor is in the off state; since the reverse Hall sensor controls the on and off conduction of the second field-effect transistor, and the reverse Hall sensor is in the off state at this time, the second field-effect transistor is in the off state, so no current passes through the second coil and it does not work.

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