Antenna multiplexing system and terminal

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses an antenna multiplexing system and a terminal, wherein the antenna multiplexing system includes an antenna body, a first antenna matching path, a second antenna matching path, a switching module and a control module, the first antenna matching path and the second antenna matching path have different resonant frequencies, and the control module is connected to the switching module; wherein the antenna body includes an antenna radiation branch and a coupling parasitic unit, the coupling parasitic unit is connected to the first antenna matching path through the switching module, the antenna radiation branch is connected to the second antenna matching path, and the coupling parasitic unit and the antenna radiation branch are coupled to each other through a first gap between each other to generate resonance. This embodiment can realize antenna reuse, meet the requirements of the number of antennas for multiple resonant frequencies without sacrificing antenna efficiency, and improve the bandwidth and efficiency of the antenna on the basis of saving layout space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to an antenna multiplexing system and a terminal. Background Art

[0002] With the accelerated maturity of the fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G) communication technology standards and the in-depth development of global 5G pre-commercial testing, the ultra-large bandwidth, ultra-low latency and high reliability of 5G networks enable 5G communication technology to be applied in a variety of industries such as education, medical care, smart manufacturing and Internet of Vehicles.

[0003] 5G communication technology provides terminal users with higher data throughput and lower time delay. Large data transmission requires larger bandwidth. Therefore, 5G communication technology requires wider bandwidth than 2G / 3G / 4G communication technology, and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna technology came into being. In order to support MIMO technology, smart terminals have more antennas than 2G / 3G / 4G terminals. Large bandwidth means higher requirements for the frequency band of the electromagnetic field. Since the antenna resonant bandwidth is positively correlated with the space occupied by the antenna, the wider the resonant bandwidth, the larger the antenna space required. The current main idea of ​​antenna design is to meet the needs of 5G antennas by stacking the number of antennas on the basis of 2G / 3G / 4G antennas. For example, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of antenna layout in the prior art. The 5G frequency bands are N41 and N79. At the same time, it is also necessary to support the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency bands and GPS / WIFI frequency bands. Considering the requirements of LTE B41 4X4MIMO, the number of antennas will reach 10: 1 antenna for the GPS / WIFI frequency band, 5 antennas for the LTE+N41 frequency band, and 4 antennas for the N79 frequency band. However, this way of increasing the number of antennas requires the antennas to occupy the layout space of the printed circuit board (PCB), which makes it difficult to layout the baseband RF components and brings design difficulties to the structure; the antennas added on the two sides of the terminal have a poor environment and basically no clearance, and the antenna efficiency and coverage bandwidth are difficult to meet the design requirements; the cost is increased, the number of antennas increases, resulting in a shorter distance between antennas and poor antenna isolation, which increases the difficulty of debugging and affects the efficiency.

[0004] Considering the above defects and the current trend of large screen proportions in smart terminals, the possibility of increasing bandwidth by continuing to increase antenna space is becoming increasingly small. In the existing technology, although 5G band antennas and 4G band antennas can coexist in the terminal space through antenna multiplexing technology, the bandwidth and efficiency of the antenna cannot meet the requirements. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna multiplexing system and a terminal, which improve the bandwidth and efficiency of the antenna while saving layout space.

[0006] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna multiplexing system, including an antenna body, a first antenna matching path, a second antenna matching path, a switching module and a control module, wherein the first antenna matching path and the second antenna matching path have different resonant frequencies, and the control module is connected to the switching module; wherein the antenna body includes an antenna radiation branch and a coupling parasitic unit, the coupling parasitic unit is connected to the first antenna matching path through the switching module, the antenna radiation branch is connected to the second antenna matching path, and the coupling parasitic unit and the antenna radiation branch are coupled to each other through a first gap between each other to produce resonance.

[0007] Furthermore, the first antenna matching path includes a variable capacitor, a first matching circuit, and a first feeding point connected to the first matching circuit.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the variable capacitor is connected to the switching module, and the other end of the variable capacitor is connected to the first matching circuit, and the variable capacitor is used to tune the resonant frequency.

[0009] Furthermore, the second antenna matching path includes a second matching circuit and a second feeding point connected to the second matching circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the antenna radiation branch is provided with a second slot.

[0011] Furthermore, the width of the first slot, the width of the second slot, the length of the antenna radiation branch and the length of the coupling parasitic unit are all adjustable.

[0012] Furthermore, the width of the first gap is greater than 0.3 mm, and the length of the coupling parasitic unit is 1 / 4 times the wavelength.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes at least two grounded antenna matching paths, wherein the grounded antenna matching paths are connected to the switching module, and the matching circuits in the grounded antenna matching paths support adjustment.

[0014] Furthermore, the resonant frequency of the first antenna matching path is 3.2 GHz-5 GHz, the resonant frequency of the second antenna matching path is 0.7 GHz-2.7 GHz, and the switching module is a switch including at least four channels.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal configured with the antenna multiplexing system as described above.

[0016] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna multiplexing system and a terminal, wherein a first antenna matching path in the antenna multiplexing system is connected to a coupling parasitic unit through a switching module, the coupling parasitic unit is a branch in an antenna body corresponding to a second antenna matching path, and an antenna radiation branch in the antenna body is connected to the second antenna matching path. When the control module connects the first antenna matching path by controlling the switching module, a resonant frequency of the first antenna matching path can be generated. The resonant frequencies of the first antenna matching path and the second antenna matching path are different, thereby realizing antenna multiplexing. Without sacrificing antenna efficiency, the requirements for the number of antennas for multiple resonant frequencies are met, and the bandwidth and efficiency of the antenna are improved on the basis of saving layout space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of antenna layout in the prior art;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna multiplexing system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an antenna return loss provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another antenna return loss provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present application, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna multiplexing system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2As shown, the antenna multiplexing system may specifically include an antenna body, a first antenna matching path 11, a second antenna matching path 12, a switching module 13 and a control module (not shown in the figure), the first antenna matching path 11 and the second antenna matching path 12 have different resonant frequencies, and the control module is connected to the switching module 13; wherein, the antenna body includes an antenna radiation branch 14 and a coupling parasitic unit 15, the coupling parasitic unit 15 is connected to the first antenna matching path 11 through the switching module 13, the antenna radiation branch 14 is connected to the second antenna matching path 12, and the coupling parasitic unit 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14 are coupled to each other through a first gap 16 therebetween to produce resonance.

[0024] Among them, the antenna body can be a 2G / 3G / 4G antenna, that is, the resonant frequency of the second antenna matching path 12 connected to the antenna radiation branch 14 in the antenna body is 0.7GHz-2.7GHz, which can cover the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency bands. For example, the 4G frequency band can include LTE B40 and B41, the resonant frequency of B40 is 2.3GHz-2.4GHz, and the resonant frequency of B41 is 2.5GHz-2.7GHz.

[0025] Furthermore, the second antenna matching path 12 may include a second matching circuit 121 and a second feeding point 122 connected to the second matching circuit 121. The second feeding point 122 may be a 2G / 3G / 4G feeding point, corresponding to the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency band. The antenna radiation branch 14 in the antenna body is connected to the second feeding point 122 through the second matching circuit 121. The antenna radiation branch 14 can generate a low-frequency resonance with a resonant frequency of 700MHz-960MHz and a medium-frequency resonance with a resonant frequency of 1710MHz-2200MHz based on its own structure; the coupling parasitic unit 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14 are coupled to each other through the first gap 16 therebetween, and can generate a 2G / 3G / 4G high-frequency resonance with a resonant frequency of 2.3GHz-2.7GHz, thereby achieving that the resonant frequency of the antenna can cover the low, medium and high frequency points of the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency band.

[0026] Furthermore, the first antenna matching path 11 may include a variable capacitor 111, a first matching circuit 112, and a first feeding point 113 connected to the first matching circuit 112. The first feeding point 113 may be a 5G feeding point, corresponding to the 5G frequency band. One end of the variable capacitor 111 is connected to the switching module 13, and the other end of the variable capacitor 111 is connected to the first matching circuit 112. The variable capacitor 111 is used to tune the resonant frequency. The connection between the variable capacitor 111 and the switching module 13 and the connection between the variable capacitor 111 and the first matching circuit 112 can be set to a set impedance control line, and the set impedance can be set according to actual conditions. For example, the set impedance can be a 50 ohm impedance. In this embodiment, the type of the variable capacitor 111 is not limited and can be set according to actual conditions.

[0027] The resonant frequency of the first antenna matching path 11 is 3.2 GHz-5 GHz, that is, the first antenna matching path 11 corresponds to the 5G frequency band. For example, the 5G frequency band may include n77, n78 and n79, the resonant frequency of n77 is 3.3 GHz-4.2 GHz, the resonant frequency of n78 is 3.3 GHz-3.8 GHz, and the resonant frequency of n79 is 4.4 GHz-5 GHz. The variable capacitor 111 can tune the resonant frequency of the 5G frequency band.

[0028] The coupling parasitic unit 15 is connected to the first antenna matching path 11 through the switching module 13. When the switching module 13 connects the first antenna matching path 11, a resonant frequency covering the 5G frequency band can be generated to realize the design of the 5G antenna.

[0029] The control module can be arranged on a printed circuit board (PCB), and the resonant frequency of the antenna multiplexing system can be controlled to be a 2G / 3G / 4G or 5G frequency band through the switching module 13. The printed circuit board also includes a 2 / 3 / 4 / 5G transmitting and receiving circuit module.

[0030] Furthermore, the antenna multiplexing system further includes at least two grounded antenna matching paths, the grounded antenna matching paths are connected to the switching module 13, and the matching circuits in the grounded antenna matching paths support adjustment. Figure 2 In the example, the antenna multiplexing system includes two grounded antenna matching paths, including a third antenna matching path 18 and a fourth antenna matching path 19 , and both the third antenna matching path 18 and the fourth antenna matching path 19 are connected to the switching module 13 .

[0031] The switching module 13 is a control switch including at least four channels. Figure 2In the figure, a switch including four channels is taken as an example, that is, the switching module 13 in the figure can be a single-pole 4-Throw (SP4T) switch. The first channel in the switching module 13 is connected to the coupling parasitic unit 15, the second channel is connected to the first antenna matching path 11, the third channel is connected to the third antenna matching path 18, and the fourth channel is connected to the fourth antenna matching path 19.

[0032] When the switching module 13 selects the first channel and the third channel to be connected, or the first channel and the fourth channel to be connected, the coupling parasitic unit 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14 are coupled to each other through the first gap 16 therebetween, and by adjusting the inductance or capacitance of the matching circuit in the third antenna matching path 18 or the fourth antenna matching path 19, a 2G / 3G / 4G high-frequency resonance with a resonant frequency of 2.3GHz-2.7GHz can be generated.

[0033] When the switching module 13 selects the first channel, the second channel and the third channel, or the first channel, the second channel and the fourth channel are connected, a resonance with a resonance frequency covering the 5G frequency band can be generated. And by setting the variable capacitor 111, the voltage of the variable capacitor 111 is adjusted from the preset register to obtain a suitable voltage value and form a tuning capacitor, which can improve the antenna resonance mode of the 5G frequency band and make the tuning amplitude larger.

[0034] The third antenna matching path 18 and the fourth antenna matching path 19 have the same structure, but when the channels connected by the switching module 13 are different, the values ​​of the inductance or capacitance in the matching circuit are different. When the resonant frequency of the antenna is the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency band, if the switching module 13 selects the first channel and the third channel to be connected, the value of the inductance or capacitance in the matching circuit in the third antenna matching path 18 corresponds to the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency band; if the switching module 13 selects the first channel and the fourth channel to be connected, the value of the inductance or capacitance in the matching circuit in the fourth antenna matching path 19 corresponds to the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency band. When the resonant frequency of the antenna is the 5G frequency band, if the switching module 13 selects the first channel, the second channel and the third channel to be connected, the value of the inductance or capacitance in the matching circuit in the third antenna matching path 18 corresponds to the 5G frequency band; if the switching module 13 selects the first channel, the second channel and the fourth channel to be connected, the value of the inductance or capacitance in the matching circuit in the fourth antenna matching path 19 corresponds to the 5G frequency band.

[0035] In this embodiment, by adjusting the first matching circuit 112 in the first antenna matching path 11, the second matching circuit 121 in the second antenna matching path 12, and the matching circuits in the two grounded antenna matching paths, the performance of the antenna in the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency band and the 5G frequency band can be optimized.

[0036] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, a second slot 17 is provided in the antenna radiation branch 14. The width of the first slot 16 between the coupling parasitic unit 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14, the width of the second slot 17, the length of the antenna radiation branch 14 and the length of the coupling parasitic unit 15 are all adjustable to further optimize the performance of the antenna in the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency band and the 5G frequency band. The width of the first slot 16 can be greater than 0.3 mm, and the length of the coupling parasitic unit 15 can be 1 / 4 times the wavelength, where the wavelength is calculated by the formula We obtain: where λ represents wavelength, C represents light speed in vacuum, which is 3*10^8 m / s, F represents resonant frequency, which is between 2300 MHz and 2700 MHz, and ε is the relative dielectric constant between antennas. A portion of the antenna radiation branch 14 is also grounded.

[0037] The adjustment process for optimizing the antenna performance can be as follows: the first step is to calculate the length of the antenna radiation branch 14 and the coupling parasitic unit 15. The lengths of the two branches of the antenna radiation branch 14 in the 2G / 3G / 4G antenna body are respectively 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the low-frequency bandwidth and 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the mid-frequency bandwidth; the length of the coupling parasitic unit 15 is 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the high-frequency bandwidth. The second step is to adjust the length of the antenna radiation branch 14 and the width of the second gap 17 between its branches, the width of the first gap 16 between the coupling parasitic unit 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14 according to the antenna return loss, and adjust the matching circuit in the fourth antenna matching path 19 (or the third matching path 18) to optimize the performance of the antenna in the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency band. The third step is to optimize the performance of the antenna in the 5G frequency band by adjusting the first matching circuit 112 in the first antenna matching path 11. In the fourth step, by adjusting the matching circuit in the third antenna matching path 18 (or the fourth matching path 19), the antenna form of the antenna in the 5G frequency band can be optimized or changed, and the monopole antenna (Monopole Antenna) is replaced with an inverted-F antenna (Inverted-F antenna, IFA) to achieve its performance optimization.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna return loss provided in an embodiment of the present application, indicating that the resonant frequency of the antenna can cover the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency bands, and the resonant frequencies of the seven points pointed by arrows in the figure are 824.00 MHz, 896.0 MHz, 960.0 MHz, 1.71 GHz, 2.17 GHz, 2.30 GHz and 2.69 GHz, respectively.

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of another antenna return loss provided in an embodiment of the present application, indicating that the resonant frequency of the antenna is Figure 3 As shown in the figure, it can cover the 5G frequency band, and the resonant frequencies of the two points pointed by the arrows in the figure are 4.4GHz and 5.0GHz respectively.

[0040] In this embodiment, by connecting the antenna matching path of the 5G frequency band to a branch of the 2G / 3G / 4G antenna (i.e., the coupled parasitic unit 15), antenna multiplexing is achieved according to the different resonant frequencies of the 5G antenna and the 2G / 3G / 4G antenna. Without sacrificing antenna efficiency, the requirements for the number of antennas of the 5G antenna and the 2G / 3G / 4G antenna can be met; on the other hand, layout space can be saved and the appearance design requirements of the terminal product can be met, thereby making the product competitive in the market.

[0041] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the first antenna matching path in the antenna multiplexing system is connected to the coupling parasitic unit through the switching module. The coupling parasitic unit is a branch in the antenna body corresponding to the second antenna matching path. The antenna radiation branch in the antenna body is connected to the second antenna matching path. When the control module connects the first antenna matching path by controlling the switching module, the resonant frequency of the first antenna matching path can be generated. The resonant frequencies of the first antenna matching path and the second antenna matching path are different, so that antenna reuse is realized. Without sacrificing antenna efficiency, the requirements of the number of antennas for multiple resonant frequencies are met, and the bandwidth and efficiency of the antenna are improved on the basis of saving layout space. In addition, in this embodiment, the setting of the variable capacitor can improve the antenna resonance mode of the 5G frequency band, make the tuning amplitude larger, thereby reducing the design difficulty and reducing the antenna's dependence on the mobile phone space.

[0042] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the terminal is configured with the antenna multiplexing system as described in the above embodiment. In this embodiment, the terminal may be a mobile terminal.

[0043] See also Figure 5 The antenna radiation branch 14 is connected to the 2G / 3G / 4G receiving and transmitting circuit on the printed circuit board 22 through the second antenna matching path 12, and the coupling parasitic unit 15 is connected to the first antenna matching path 11 through the switching module 13. The first antenna matching path 11 is connected to the 5G receiving and transmitting circuit and the main ground on the printed circuit board 22. The height of the antenna clearance area 21 in the figure is not limited and can be set according to actual conditions. The resonant frequency of the first antenna matching path 11 is 3.2GHz-5GHz, that is, the first antenna matching path 11 corresponds to the 5G frequency band, and the resonant frequency of the second antenna matching path 12 is 0.7GHz-2.7GHz, which can cover the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency band.

[0044] This embodiment provides a terminal. By configuring the antenna multiplexing system described in the above embodiment on the terminal, the antenna layout is more reasonable, so that the terminal can meet the requirements of the resonant frequency of the 2G / 3G / 4G frequency band and the 5G frequency band for the number of antennas without sacrificing the antenna efficiency, and improve the bandwidth and efficiency of the antenna on the basis of saving layout space.

[0045] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, although the present application is described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna multiplexing system, characterized in that: It includes an antenna body, a first antenna matching path, a second antenna matching path, a switching module, a control module and at least two grounded antenna matching paths, the first antenna matching path and the second antenna matching path have different resonant frequencies, and the control module is connected to the switching module; wherein the antenna body includes an antenna radiation branch and a coupling parasitic unit, the coupling parasitic unit is connected to the first antenna matching path through the switching module, the antenna radiation branch is connected to the second antenna matching path, the coupling parasitic unit and the antenna radiation branch are coupled to each other through a first gap therebetween to generate resonance, the length of the coupling parasitic unit is the size of 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the high frequency band bandwidth, the grounded antenna matching path is connected to the switching module, the matching circuit in the grounded antenna matching path supports adjustment, and the switching module is a control switch including at least four channels; The first antenna matching path includes a variable capacitor, a first matching circuit and a first feeding point connected to the first matching circuit; the second antenna matching path includes a second matching circuit and a second feeding point connected to the second matching circuit; there is no circuit connection between the first feeding point and the second feeding point; the first antenna matching path corresponds to the 5G frequency band, and the resonant frequency of the first antenna matching path is 3.2GHz-5GHz; the second antenna matching path corresponds to the 2G to 4G frequency band, and the resonant frequency of the second antenna matching path is 0.7GHz-2.7GHz.

2. The antenna multiplexing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the variable capacitor is connected to the switching module, and the other end of the variable capacitor is connected to the first matching circuit. The variable capacitor is used to tune the resonant frequency.

3. The antenna multiplexing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna radiation branch is provided with a second slot.

4. The antenna multiplexing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width of the first slot, the width of the second slot, the length of the antenna radiation branch and the length of the coupling parasitic unit are all adjustable.

5. The antenna multiplexing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the first gap is greater than 0.3 mm.

6. A terminal, characterized in that: An antenna multiplexing system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 is provided.

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