Vane hydraulic motors for heavy machinery

Abstract

A multi-acting vane hydraulic motor for heavy machinery includes an oil storage chamber, an outer plate, and an inner plate. The outer plate is provided with oil passages I and II, an oil control passage is provided between the oil passages I and II, an oil passage communicating with the oil control passage and the oil storage chamber is provided between the oil control passage and the oil storage chamber, a ball is provided in the oil control passage, an oil passage I is provided on the outer plate, an oil passage II is provided on the stator, an oil passage III is provided on the inner plate, the oil storage chamber is communicated with the oil storage chamber on the outer plate through the oil passage I, and the oil storage chamber is also communicated with the oil storage chamber on the inner plate through the oil passage I, the oil passage II, and the oil passage III in sequence. Since the ball is used as the oil control mechanism, the external oil passage pipeline can be arranged on the outer shell, so that most of the volume of the vane hydraulic motor can be arranged in a relatively small space, saving installation space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a power device of heavy machinery, and more particularly to a vane type hydraulic motor used in heavy machinery. Background Art

[0002] A hydraulic motor is a conversion device that converts the pressure energy of a liquid into mechanical energy, outputting torque and speed. Compared with other types of motors, its outstanding advantages are larger output torque, larger power-to-weight ratio, and easy implementation of fast and impact-free stepless speed change and reversing over a wide range.

[0003] The above advantages of hydraulic motors make it widely used as power actuators in heavy machinery. With the development of the times and the progress of society, the power demand in heavy machinery required for various large-scale infrastructure construction has continued to reach new highs, especially heavy armaments have also made great progress, such as aircraft carrier battle groups, 055 large destroyers, Jiaolong submersibles, etc. have been put into use one after another, and hydraulic motors that can output high power are urgently needed. We know that in order to increase the combat effectiveness of these military equipment, we hope to have more space to deploy fire strike devices, so we put forward higher requirements on the volume and installation adaptability of hydraulic motors. The vane hydraulic motor has a compact structure and its volume is the smallest compared with other hydraulic motors when outputting the same power, so the vane hydraulic motor is the best choice. The infusion pipeline layout of the vane hydraulic motor in the prior art is not very compact, which is not conducive to improving the combat effectiveness of military equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above defects, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a vane hydraulic motor for heavy machinery with a compact infusion pipeline arrangement that can save installation space.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the problems existing in the prior art is: a vane hydraulic motor for heavy machinery, which includes an outer shell and an inner shell, an outer plate and an inner plate are arranged in an inner cavity jointly formed between the outer shell and the inner shell, a stator is arranged between the outer plate and the inner plate, a rotor is arranged in the stator, a plurality of blade grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor in the circumferential direction, slidable blades are arranged in the blade grooves, an oil storage cavity is arranged in the rotor, the oil storage cavity is connected with the bottom of the blade groove through a through hole, the outer plate and the inner plate are respectively provided with oil storage cavities, the oil storage cavity can also be connected with the oil storage cavity through a through hole, and it also includes an oil storage cavity, the outer shell is provided with oil port I and oil port II, the outer plate is in the An oil passage I connected with the oil port I is provided at the position of the oil port I, an oil passage II connected with the oil port II is provided on one side of the oil passage I, an oil control passage is provided between the oil passages I and II, an oil passage connected with the oil storage chamber is provided between the oil control passage and the oil storage chamber, an oil control mechanism for controlling the connection and disconnection between the oil passages I and II and the oil passages is provided in the oil control passage, an oil passage I is provided on the outer plate, an oil passage II is provided on the stator, an oil passage III is provided on the inner plate, the oil storage chamber is connected with the oil storage chamber on the outer plate through the oil passage I, and the oil storage chamber is also connected with the oil storage chamber on the inner plate through the oil passage I, the oil passage II and the oil passage III in sequence.

[0006] The vane hydraulic motor has a compact structure. Due to its unique structural form, a high-pressure lubricating oil film needs to be established between the blades and the outer and inner plates arranged on both sides of the blades. The vane hydraulic motor has a lower rotation speed than the vane pump, and the root of the blade needs to be supported by high-pressure hydraulic oil to ensure reliable contact between the top of the blade and the inner surface of the stator. In addition, the vane hydraulic motor needs to rotate forward and reverse, so that the oil inlet and oil outlet functions of the vane hydraulic motor oil pipeline need to be changed in time. To put it more clearly, when the vane hydraulic motor rotates forward, the oil port I is the oil inlet channel and the oil port II is the oil return channel. When the vane hydraulic motor reverses, the oil port II is changed to the oil inlet channel and the oil port I is changed to the oil return channel. Since the oil supply pipelines for establishing high-pressure lubricating oil films on both sides of the blades and the root of the blades cannot be switched when the vane hydraulic motor of the prior art switches between forward and reverse rotation, the vane hydraulic motor of the prior art sets the oil port I in the outer shell and the oil port II in the inner shell, which makes the layout of the supply and return oil pipelines of the vane hydraulic motor relatively scattered and requires a larger layout space.

[0007] The inventor of the present invention has conceived a structure in which an oil control mechanism is arranged between oil passages I and II, so that the pipelines supplying high-pressure hydraulic oil between oil passages I and II can establish a high-pressure lubricating oil film on both sides of the blade and communicate with the oil supply pipeline at the root of the blade when the oil inlet and outlet functions are switched, thereby cleverly solving the technical problems existing in the prior art, so that both oil ports I and II can be arranged on the outer shell, so that most of the volume of the vane-type hydraulic motor can be arranged in a relatively small space.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the oil control mechanism is a ball, and the diameter of the ball is greater than the diameter of the oil passage I, oil passage II, and oil passage. The oil control mechanism can be a solenoid valve, a pneumatic control valve, or a manual switching valve. The present invention is preferably a ball, and the diameter is greater than the diameter of the oil passage I, oil passage II, and oil passage. When the oil passage I is used as the oil inlet passage, the oil passage II is the oil return passage. The ball rolls to the oil passage II of the low-pressure hydraulic oil under the push of the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the oil passage I, and blocks the oil passage II to ensure that the oil passage I is only connected to the oil passage; when the oil passage II is used as the oil inlet passage, the oil passage I is the oil return passage. The ball rolls to the oil passage I of the low-pressure hydraulic oil under the push of the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the oil passage II, and blocks the oil passage I to ensure that the oil passage II is only connected to the oil passage. In this way, no matter which of the oil passages I and II is the oil inlet passage, it can ensure that a high-pressure lubricating oil film is established on both sides of the blade and the oil supply pipeline at the root of the blade is supplied with high-pressure hydraulic oil. By using balls as the oil control mechanism, other auxiliary mechanisms, such as electronic control mechanisms, pneumatic mechanisms, etc., can be omitted, while at the same time timely responding to changes in the flow direction of the high-pressure hydraulic oil can be achieved.

[0009] As a further technical solution, a sleeve is also provided in the oil control channel, and an oil hole is provided in the sleeve. The diameter of the oil hole is smaller than the diameter of the ball. The oil hole is connected to the oil channel I, and the sleeve and oil channel II are arranged on both sides of the ball. Since the diameter of the ball is larger than the diameters of the oil channel I, the oil channel II, and the oil channel, in order to load the ball, a process hole with a diameter larger than or equal to the oil control channel needs to be established at one end of the oil control channel. After the ball is loaded, the sleeve is used to limit the ball, and then the plug is used to close the process hole and limit the sleeve, which is conducive to the smooth implementation of the function of the oil control mechanism by the ball.

[0010] As a further technical solution, a sealing ring is provided between the outer shell and the outer plate, and the oil storage cavity is a space enclosed by the outer shell, the outer plate and the sealing ring, and the oil storage cavity is annular. The oil storage cavity can be set in the outer shell or in the outer plate. The present invention utilizes the gap between the outer shell and the outer plate to enclose an annular cavity with a sealing ring, which can not only simplify the processing technology and reduce the manufacturing cost, but also can simultaneously meet the multiple oil supply pipelines necessary for establishing a high-pressure lubricating oil film on both sides of the blade and supplying pressure to the root of the blade.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the outer plate and the inner plate are provided with arc-shaped grooves on the side facing the rotor, and the oil storage cavity is the space enclosed by the arc-shaped grooves and the rotor. The number of arc-shaped grooves provided on the outer plate and the inner plate is 2 respectively, and the arc-shaped grooves of the outer plate and the inner plate are arranged alternately, and the arc-shaped grooves extend for a certain length, so that a uniform high-pressure lubricating oil film can be established on both sides of the blade and the pressure supply at the root of the blade is stable, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the vane hydraulic motor and stabilizing the output power of the vane hydraulic motor.

[0012] As a further technical solution, an annular groove is provided on the inner surface of the rotor, and the oil storage chamber is a space enclosed by the annular groove and a transmission shaft sleeved in the inner surface of the rotor.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: since a ball bearing is arranged between oil passages I and II as an oil control mechanism, the pipelines for supplying high-pressure hydraulic oil between oil passages I and II can establish a high-pressure lubricating oil film on both sides of the blades and communicate with the oil supply pipelines at the roots of the blades when the oil inlet and outlet functions are switched, so that the external oil pipelines of the vane-type hydraulic motor can be centrally arranged on the outer shell, so that most of the volume of the vane-type hydraulic motor can be arranged in a relatively small space, saving installation space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The R part is enlarged in the figure;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the outer side plate in the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA cross-sectional view in FIG.

[0018] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 BB cross-sectional view in

[0019] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a rotor in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the inner side plate in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the stator structure in the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1: outer shell, 2: outer plate, 3: oil passage I, 4: rotor, 5: blade groove, 6: oil passage II, 7: stator, 8: oil passage III, 9: inner plate, 10: inner shell, 11: through hole, 12: oil storage chamber, 13: through hole, 14: blade, 15: II oil port, 16: I oil port, 17: oil storage chamber, 18: sealing ring, 19: oil hole, 20: sleeve, 21: oil passage, 22: ball, 23: II oil passage, 24: oil control passage, 25: I oil passage, 26: oil storage chamber, 27: oil passage I, 28: oil passage II, 29: oil passage chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Embodiment: A vane hydraulic motor for heavy machinery, as shown in the figure (this embodiment takes a four-acting vane hydraulic motor as an example, and omits the process holes and transmission shafts irrelevant to this patent), which includes an outer shell 1 and an inner shell 10 fixedly connected together, an outer plate 2 and an inner plate 9 are provided in the inner cavity formed by the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 10, a stator 7 is provided between the outer plate 2 and the inner plate 9, a rotor 4 is provided in the stator 7, a plurality of blade 14 grooves 5 are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the rotor 4, a blade 14 that can slide along the blade 14 groove 5 is provided in the blade 14 groove 5, an annular groove is provided on the inner surface of the rotor 4, and the oil storage chamber 12 is formed by the annular groove and the sleeve in the rotor 4 The space surrounded by the transmission shaft in the surface, the two sides of the rotor 4 are respectively provided with three evenly distributed through holes 11, the through holes 11 on the two sides of the rotor 4 are arranged in a forked manner, the oil storage chamber 12 is connected with the bottom of each blade 14 groove 5 through a plurality of through holes 13, the side of the outer plate 2 and the inner plate 9 facing the rotor 4 are respectively provided with two symmetrically arranged arc grooves, a pair of arc grooves on the outer plate 2 and a stack of arc grooves on the inner plate 9 are arranged in a forked manner at an angle of 90°, the arc grooves and the side of the rotor 4 together form an oil storage chamber 26, the oil storage chamber 12 can be connected with the oil storage chamber 26 through six through holes 11, a sealing ring 18 is provided between the outer shell 1 and the outer plate 2, the oil storage The cavity 17 is a space surrounded by the outer shell 1, the outer plate 2, and the sealing ring 18. The oil storage cavity 17 is annular. The outer shell 1 is provided with an oil port Ⅰ 16 and an oil port Ⅱ 15. The outer plate 2 is provided with an oil passage Ⅰ 25 connected to the oil port Ⅰ 16 at the position of the oil port Ⅰ 16. The outer plate 2 is provided with an oil passage Ⅱ 23 connected to the oil port Ⅱ 15 on one side of the oil passage Ⅰ 25. An oil control passage 24 is provided between the oil passage Ⅰ 25 and the oil passage Ⅱ 23. An oil passage 21 connected to the oil storage cavity 17 is provided between the oil control passage 24 and the oil storage cavity 17. A ball 22 is provided in the oil control passage 24 for controlling the connection and disconnection between the oil passage Ⅰ 25 and the oil passage Ⅱ 23 and the oil passage 21. The ball 22 The diameters of the oil passages 25, 23 and 21 are all larger than the diameters of the oil passages 25, 23 and 21. In order to load the ball 22, one end of the oil control passage 24 is provided with a process hole with a diameter larger than or equal to the oil control passage 24. After the ball 22 is loaded, a sleeve 20 is provided in the process hole, and the sleeve 20 is used to limit the ball 22. Then, a plug is used to close the process hole and limit the sleeve 20. An oil hole 19 is provided in the sleeve 20. The diameter of the oil hole 19 is smaller than the diameter of the ball 22. The oil hole 19 is connected with the oil passage 25. The sleeve 20 and the oil passages 23 are arranged on both sides of the ball 22. The outer plate 2 is provided with an oil passage Ⅰ3, the stator 7 is provided with an oil passage Ⅱ6, and the inner plate 9 is provided with an oil passage Ⅲ8.The oil storage chamber 17 is connected to the oil storage chamber 26 on the outer plate 2 through the oil passage Ⅰ3, and the oil storage chamber 17 is also connected to the oil storage chamber 26 on the inner plate 9 through the oil passage Ⅰ3, the oil passage Ⅱ6, and the oil passage Ⅲ8 in sequence.

[0025] In order to further reduce the volume of the vane hydraulic motor, the cross section of the inner surface of the stator 7 is formed by N large arcs and N small arcs interlaced and smoothly transitioned in sequence, and the side of the outer plate 2 facing the blade 14 is respectively provided with N uniformly distributed oil ports I 27 and N uniformly distributed oil ports II 28, and the N oil ports I 27 and the N oil ports II 28 are arranged in sequence in an interlaced manner, and the oil ports I 27 are connected to the I oil port 16, and the oil ports II 28 are connected to the II oil port 15, and the side of the inner plate facing the blade is provided with 2N uniformly distributed oil cavities 29. N is a natural number greater than 2, and N in this embodiment is four.

[0026] The structure of the vane hydraulic motor is unique compared to other hydraulic motors. It uses more than ten blades to divide the space surrounded by the outer plate, inner plate, stator, and rotor into more than ten cavities at equal angles. Since the cross-section of the rotor is circular, and the cross-section of the inner surface of the stator is surrounded by multiple arc lines of different curvatures, the volumes of adjacent cavities separated by the blades are different. The pressure of the same mass of hydraulic oil in a smaller cavity will be higher than the pressure in a larger cavity. Therefore, after the high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the smaller cavity from the oil supply line, it will push the blades to move toward the cavity with lower pressure and larger volume, thereby realizing the rotation of the vane hydraulic motor. The hydraulic oil that has released the pressure energy returns to the oil storage tank from the return oil line, completing the conversion of pressure energy into mechanical energy.

[0027] The cross section of the inner surface of the stator of the prior art vane hydraulic motor is nearly elliptical, and the vane releases hydraulic energy twice when it rotates one circle, so it is called a double-acting vane hydraulic motor.

[0028] The cross section of the inner surface of the stator of the present invention is surrounded by N large arcs and N small arcs that are staggered and smoothly connected in sequence. In this way, the blades can convert pressure energy into mechanical energy N times when they rotate one circle. That is to say, N blades out of more than ten blades simultaneously play the role of converting pressure energy into mechanical energy. Therefore, the power output of the present invention is N / 2 times the output power of the double-acting vane hydraulic motor in the prior art without changing the overall appearance size. In other words, under the condition of outputting the same power, the installation space of the vane hydraulic motor can be further greatly reduced.

[0029] The above-described embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. There are other variations and modifications without exceeding the technical solution described in the claims.

[0030] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A vane hydraulic motor for heavy machinery, comprising an outer shell and an inner shell, an outer plate and an inner plate are provided in an inner cavity formed by the outer shell and the inner shell, a stator is provided between the outer plate and the inner plate, a rotor is provided in the stator, a plurality of blade grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor in the circumferential direction, slidable blades are provided in the blade grooves, an oil storage cavity is provided in the rotor, the oil storage cavity is connected to the bottom of the blade groove through a through hole, the outer plate and the inner plate are respectively provided with oil storage cavities, the oil storage cavity can also be connected to the oil storage cavity through a through hole, and the characteristic is that: It also includes an oil storage chamber, wherein the outer shell is provided with an oil port I and an oil port II, the outer plate is provided with an oil passage I connected to the oil port I at the position of the oil port I, the outer plate is provided with an oil passage II connected to the oil port II on one side of the oil passage I, an oil control passage is provided between the oil passages I and II, an oil passage connected to the oil storage chamber is provided between the oil control passage and the oil storage chamber, an oil control mechanism for controlling the connection and disconnection between the oil passages I and II and the oil passages respectively, an oil passage I is provided on the outer plate, an oil passage II is provided on the stator, an oil passage III is provided on the inner plate, the oil storage chamber is connected to the oil storage chamber on the outer plate through the oil passage I, and the oil storage chamber is also connected to the oil storage chamber on the inner plate through the oil passage I, the oil passage II and the oil passage III in sequence.

2. The vane hydraulic motor for heavy machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil control mechanism is a ball bearing, and the diameter of the ball bearing is larger than the diameters of the oil passage I, the oil passage II and the oil passage.

3. The vane type hydraulic motor for heavy machinery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil control channel is also provided with a sleeve, and the sleeve is provided with an oil hole. The diameter of the oil hole is smaller than the diameter of the ball. The oil hole is connected with the I oil channel. The sleeve and II oil channel are arranged on both sides of the ball.

4. The vane type hydraulic motor for heavy machinery according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A sealing ring is arranged between the outer shell and the outer plate. The oil storage chamber is a space surrounded by the outer shell, the outer plate and the sealing ring. The oil storage chamber is annular.

5. The vane type hydraulic motor for heavy machinery according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The side surfaces of the outer plate and the inner plate facing the rotor are provided with arc-shaped grooves, and the oil storage cavity is a space enclosed by the arc-shaped grooves and the rotor.

6. The vane type hydraulic motor for heavy machinery according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: An annular groove is arranged on the inner surface of the rotor, and the oil storage chamber is a space enclosed by the annular groove and a transmission shaft sleeved in the inner surface of the rotor.

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