Visual detection system and method for TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) wall back grouting effect

Abstract

The invention discloses a visual detection system and method for a TBM wall back grouting effect, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel detection, and the system comprises an acoustic signal transmitting matrix, an acoustic energy sensing matrix, a tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device, a data processing center, a core scheduling unit, a holographic data processing unit and a holographic intelligent analysis unit, the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device comprises a tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track, a transmitting base, a sensing base, a transmitting sensing partition plate and a transmitting sensing fixing plate. According to the method, grouting attribute information of a to-be-detected area is obtained through a root-mean-square value, a longitudinal wave energy dissipation value, longitudinal wave sending and receiving time difference and a wave velocity value, a three-dimensional information model of a tunnel section is built through a holographic data processing unit based on the information, and difference data and a difference area are presented through a holographic intelligent analysis unit; therefore, visualization processing of the tunnel grouting information is achieved, and the accuracy of TBM wall back grouting effect detection is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel detection, and in particular relates to a TBM back-wall grouting effect visualization detection system and method. Background Art

[0002] After the TBM grouting is completed, it is necessary to accurately detect key parameters such as the grouting filling situation and the performance of the slurry rock mass. The traditional geological radar detection method is that the transmitting antenna emits high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the back of the TBM wall. The electromagnetic waves will be reflected and scattered when encountering different medium interfaces. The receiving antenna receives the reflected wave signal and transmits it to the data processing system for analysis and processing. By analyzing the characteristics of the signal amplitude, frequency, phase, etc., the structure and properties of the medium behind the TBM wall are inferred, and then the grouting effect is judged.

[0003] However, there are many problems in its application in TBM grouting detection: on the one hand, the centimeter-level mesh steel skeleton and the centimeter-level electromagnetic wave wavelength in the TBM reinforced concrete segment interact with each other, resulting in significant diffraction phenomenon, which strongly interferes with the reflected wave. Affected by this, the detection accuracy is reduced, resulting in subsequent deviations in the judgment of the grouting situation. On the other hand, when the properties of the outer segment (such as dielectric constant, etc.) are similar to those of the grouting, the phase change of the reflected wave is extremely small. This subtle change is difficult to be effectively captured and identified, making it impossible for the detection personnel to accurately distinguish the thickness and density of the grouting, and it is difficult to fully analyze the actual distribution of the grouting on the outer side of the segment, thus affecting the evaluation of the grouting effect. In addition, the electromagnetic wave itself has poor penetration, and the energy loss is serious during the penetration process, making the echo signal weak, and the information about the grouting area is difficult to accurately extract and analyze. The weak echo signal increases the difficulty of data processing and interpretation, brings many obstacles to the detection of shield tunnel wall grouting, and also puts higher requirements on the detection technology and methods. In view of the above challenges and problems, more advanced technologies and methods are urgently needed to solve and optimize.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention designs a TBM back-wall grouting effect visualization detection system and method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of blindness in the detection process caused by the significant diffraction phenomenon produced by the interaction between the mesh steel skeleton and the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, and the extremely small phase change of the electromagnetic wave under different properties, and a visual detection system and method for the grouting effect behind the TBM wall are proposed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a TBM back wall grouting effect visual detection system, comprising:

[0007] Acoustic signal emission matrix, acoustic energy sensing matrix, tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device, data processing center, core scheduling unit, holographic data processing unit, holographic intelligent analysis unit, wherein the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device includes a tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track, a transmitting base, a sensing base, a transmitting sensing spacer plate, and a transmitting sensing fixing plate;

[0008] The acoustic signal emission matrix, the acoustic energy sensing matrix, the holographic data processing unit, and the holographic intelligent analysis unit are communicatively connected to the core scheduling unit.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the acoustic signal transmission matrix and the acoustic energy sensing matrix include a plurality of transmission units and sensing units;

[0010] Each acoustic signal transmission matrix corresponds to two longitudinal wave transmission units that transmit the same frequency, and each acoustic energy sensing matrix corresponds to two longitudinal wave pressure sensing units that receive the same frequency;

[0011] The core scheduling unit, holographic data processing unit, and holographic intelligent analysis unit constitute a data processing center.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the acoustic signal emission matrix and the acoustic energy sensing matrix are respectively arranged on an emission base and a sensing base at different heights, arranged at equal intervals, and at the same distance from the outer wall of the pipe segment;

[0013] The transmitting base and the sensing base are arranged at the same height, at equal intervals and in a linear distribution, and the adjacent transmitting bases and sensing bases are at the same distance from the pipe segment;

[0014] Each of the transmitting bases and the data processing center is always on an oblique line, and each of the sensing bases and the data processing center is always on an oblique line;

[0015] The transmitting base and the sensing base are equipped with sensing devices for determining the spatial coordinates and adjusting the angles of the transmitting base and the sensing base.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution: the core scheduling unit is used to control the acoustic signal transmission matrix to send a longitudinal wave of a predetermined frequency to the area to be detected, and control the acoustic energy sensing matrix to receive the pressure of the transmitted longitudinal wave of the predetermined frequency, and determine the grouting property parameters of the area to be detected according to the time difference between the transmitted longitudinal wave and the received longitudinal wave, the root mean square value, the transmission matrix position, the sensing matrix position, and the acoustic wave energy dissipation value;

[0017] It is also used to determine the spatial coordinates of the transmitting base and the sensing base relative to the core dispatch unit;

[0018] It is also used to control the movement and extension of the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution: the holographic data processing unit is used to receive the information processed by the core scheduling unit, and based on this information, it is used for three-dimensional modeling of the tunnel area;

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution: the holographic intelligent analysis unit is used to compare and analyze the actual modeling and the ideal modeling in the holographic data processing unit, and present the difference data and the difference area.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution: the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device is the same as the tunnel half-section, the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device is communicatively connected to the core scheduling unit, multiple transmitting bases and sensing bases are arranged in the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track, and multiple transmitting bases and sensing bases slide in the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track.

[0022] The visual detection method of TBM back-wall grouting effect is applied to the core scheduling unit, holographic data processing unit and holographic intelligent analysis unit, and the method includes:

[0023] Controlling the acoustic signal transmission matrix to transmit a longitudinal wave signal of a preset frequency to the area to be tested; the acoustic signal transmission matrix comprises a plurality of transmission units, each of which is placed on the same straight line with a different height and the same distance to the outer wall of the pipe segment;

[0024] The acoustic energy sensing matrix is ​​controlled to receive the longitudinal wave signal pressure reflected by the detected area according to the principle of piezoelectric effect; the acoustic energy sensing matrix includes a plurality of sensing units, wherein the sending units and the sensing units on the same plane are arranged in equidistant correspondence; when a preset longitudinal wave is reflected to the acoustic energy sensing matrix, the change in longitudinal wave pressure causes the piezoelectric material in the sensing matrix to deform.

[0025] As a further description of the above technical solution: the piezoelectric material will generate electric charge when subjected to pressure or deformation. Since the size and waveform of the voltage signal are related to the pressure, frequency and other parameters of the sound wave, the longitudinal wave related properties are obtained by analyzing the voltage signal;

[0026] The voltage signal is transmitted to the core scheduling unit according to the communication signal;

[0027] The core scheduling unit converts the time domain signal (voltage signal) into a frequency domain signal (sound pressure signal) using a fast Fourier transform (FFT);

[0028] The core scheduling unit performs denoising through the algorithm mode of wavelet theory to achieve accurate acquisition of grouting information;

[0029] The core scheduling unit realizes quantitative evaluation of longitudinal wave intensity by calculating the root mean square value of the voltage signal;

[0030] The core dispatching unit uses the dissipative dynamics principle of longitudinal waves in the medium propagation process to accurately determine the grouting materials in the pipe layer, grouting layer, and rock wall layer in TBM grouting, and then obtain the corresponding wave velocity;

[0031] The core scheduling unit calculates the distance according to the wave speed by measuring the time difference hysteresis effect from the transmission to the reception of the longitudinal wave.

[0032] As a further description of the above technical solution: the adjacent sending units and sensing units are spaced at the same distance and have the same distance to the outer wall of the tube layer;

[0033] The longitudinal wave frequencies sent and received by the adjacent sending units and sensing units are the same;

[0034] The core dispatching unit is used to control the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device to move at equal distances along the tunnel section;

[0035] The core dispatching unit is used to control the launch base and the sensing base to slide along the synchronous lifting track of the tunnel half section;

[0036] The holographic data processing unit is used to receive the information data processed by the core scheduling unit and convert it into a visual three-dimensional model based on the information data;

[0037] The holographic intelligent analysis unit is used to compare the actual model constructed by the holographic data processing unit based on the information data of the core scheduling unit with the ideal model to present the difference data and difference areas.

[0038] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0039] 1. In the present invention, an acoustic signal transmitting matrix and an acoustic energy sensing matrix are placed in a semi-section synchronous lifting track, and a core scheduling unit is used to control the acoustic signal transmitting matrix to send longitudinal waves of a preset frequency to the area to be detected, and the acoustic energy sensing matrix is ​​controlled to receive the longitudinal wave signal reflected by the detection area, which is converted into a charge signal according to the piezoelectric effect principle and transmitted to the core scheduling unit. The grouting property information of the area to be detected is obtained through the root mean square value, longitudinal wave energy dissipation value, longitudinal wave sending and receiving time difference and wave velocity value. Based on this information, a three-dimensional information model of the tunnel section is constructed through a holographic data processing unit, and a holographic intelligent analysis unit is used to present difference data and difference areas, thereby realizing the visualization processing of tunnel grouting information and improving the accuracy of TBM wall back-grouting effect detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1This is a flow chart of the TBM back wall grouting effect visualization detection system and method proposed by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a half-section synchronous lifting track matrix of the TBM back wall grouting effect visualization detection system and method proposed by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a transmitting base of the TBM back wall grouting effect visualization detection system and method proposed in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a sensing base of a TBM back wall grouting effect visualization detection system and method proposed in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional coordinate positioning diagram of the TBM back-wall grouting effect visualization detection system and method proposed in the present invention.

[0045] Legend:

[0046] 1. Acoustic signal emission matrix; 2. Acoustic energy sensing matrix; 3. Tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device; 4. Tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track; 5. Transmitting base; 6. Sensing base; 7. Transmitting sensing spacer; 8. Transmitting sensing fixing plate; 9. Data processing center; 10. Core scheduling unit; 11. Holographic data processing unit; 12. Holographic intelligent analysis unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a TBM back wall grouting effect visualization detection system, comprising:

[0049] Acoustic signal emission matrix 1, acoustic energy sensing matrix 2, tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device 3, data processing center 9, core scheduling unit 10, holographic data processing unit 11, holographic intelligent analysis unit 12, wherein the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device 3 includes a tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track 4, a transmitting base 5, a sensing base 6, a transmitting sensing spacer plate 7, and a transmitting sensing fixing plate 8;

[0050] The acoustic signal emission matrix 1 , the acoustic energy sensing matrix 2 , the holographic data processing unit 11 , and the holographic intelligent analysis unit 12 are communicatively connected to the core scheduling unit 10 .

[0051] Specifically, the acoustic signal transmission matrix 1 and the acoustic energy sensing matrix 2 include a plurality of transmission units and sensing units;

[0052] Each acoustic signal transmission matrix 1 corresponds to two longitudinal wave transmission units that transmit the same frequency, and each acoustic energy sensing matrix 2 corresponds to two longitudinal wave pressure sensing units that receive the same frequency;

[0053] The core scheduling unit 10, the holographic data processing unit 11, and the holographic intelligent analysis unit 12 constitute the data processing center 9.

[0054] Specifically, the acoustic signal transmitting matrix 1 and the acoustic energy sensing matrix 2 are respectively arranged on a transmitting base 5 and a sensing base 6 at different heights, arranged at equal intervals, and at the same distance from the outer wall of the pipe segment;

[0055] The transmitting base 5 and the sensing base 6 are arranged at the same height, at equal intervals and in a linear distribution, and the adjacent transmitting bases 5 and sensing bases 6 are at the same distance from the pipe segment;

[0056] Each transmitting base 5 and the data processing center 9 are always on an oblique line, and each sensing base 6 and the data processing center 9 are always on an oblique line;

[0057] The transmitting base 5 and the sensing base 6 are provided with sensing devices for determining the spatial coordinates and adjusting the angles of the transmitting base 5 and the sensing base 6 .

[0058] Specifically, the core scheduling unit 10 is used to control the acoustic signal transmission matrix 1 to transmit a longitudinal wave of a predetermined frequency to the area to be detected, and to control the acoustic energy sensing matrix 2 to receive the pressure of the transmitted longitudinal wave of the predetermined frequency, and to determine the grouting property parameters of the area to be detected according to the time difference between the transmitted longitudinal wave and the received longitudinal wave, the root mean square value, the transmission matrix position, the sensing matrix position, and the acoustic wave energy dissipation value;

[0059] It is also used to determine the spatial coordinates of the transmitting base 5 and the sensing base 6 relative to the core scheduling unit 10;

[0060] It is also used to control the movement and extension of the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device 3.

[0061] Specifically, the holographic data processing unit 11 is used to receive the information processed by the core scheduling unit 10, and based on this information, to perform three-dimensional modeling of the tunnel area;

[0062] Specifically, the holographic intelligent analysis unit 12 is used to compare and analyze the actual modeling and the ideal modeling in the holographic data processing unit 11, and present the difference data and the difference area.

[0063] Specifically, the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device 3 is the same as the tunnel half-section, the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device 3 is communicatively connected to the core scheduling unit 10, a plurality of transmitting bases 5 and sensing bases 6 are arranged in the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track 4, and a plurality of transmitting bases 5 and sensing bases 6 slide in the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track 4.

[0064] The visual detection method of TBM back wall grouting effect is applied to the core scheduling unit 10, the holographic data processing unit 11 and the holographic intelligent analysis unit 12, and the method includes:

[0065] The acoustic signal transmitting matrix 1 is controlled to transmit a longitudinal wave signal of a preset frequency to the area to be tested; the acoustic signal transmitting matrix 1 includes a plurality of transmitting units, each of which is placed on the same straight line with a different height and the same distance to the outer wall of the pipe segment;

[0066] The acoustic energy sensing matrix 2 is controlled to receive the longitudinal wave signal pressure reflected by the detected area based on the principle of piezoelectric effect; the acoustic energy sensing matrix 2 includes multiple sensing units, among which the sending units and sensing units on the same plane are arranged equidistantly; when the preset longitudinal wave is reflected to the acoustic energy sensing matrix 2, the change in longitudinal wave pressure causes the piezoelectric material in the sensing matrix to deform.

[0067] Specifically, piezoelectric materials will generate electric charge when subjected to pressure or deformation. Since the size and waveform of the voltage signal are related to the pressure, frequency and other parameters of the sound wave, the longitudinal wave related properties can be obtained by analyzing the voltage signal;

[0068] The voltage signal is transmitted to the core scheduling unit 10 according to the communication signal;

[0069] The core scheduling unit 10 converts the time domain signal (voltage signal) into a frequency domain signal (sound pressure signal) using a fast Fourier transform (FFT);

[0070] The core scheduling unit 10 performs denoising through the algorithm mode of wavelet theory to achieve accurate acquisition of grouting information;

[0071] The core scheduling unit 10 realizes quantitative evaluation of the longitudinal wave intensity by calculating the root mean square value of the voltage signal;

[0072] The core dispatching unit 10 uses the dissipative dynamics principle of longitudinal waves in the medium propagation process to accurately determine the grouting materials in the pipe layer, grouting layer, and rock wall layer in TBM grouting, and then obtain the corresponding wave velocity;

[0073] The core scheduling unit 10 calculates the distance according to the wave speed by measuring the time difference hysteresis effect from the transmission to the reception of the longitudinal wave.

[0074] Specifically, the adjacent sending units and sensing units are spaced at the same distance and have the same distance to the outer wall of the tube layer;

[0075] The longitudinal wave frequencies sent and received by adjacent sending units and sensing units are the same;

[0076] The core scheduling unit 10 is used to control the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device 3 to move at equal distances along the tunnel section;

[0077] The core dispatching unit 10 is used to control the transmitting base 5 and the sensing base 6 to slide along the synchronous lifting track 4 of the tunnel half-section;

[0078] The holographic data processing unit 11 is used to receive the information data processed by the core scheduling unit 10 and convert it into a visual three-dimensional model based on it;

[0079] The holographic intelligent analysis unit 12 is used to compare the actual model constructed by the holographic data processing unit 11 based on the information data of the core scheduling unit 10 with the ideal model to present the difference data and the difference area.

[0080] When working, for example, for the longitudinal wave intensity, the RMS value V of the voltage signal is calculated by formula (1): RMS , the longitudinal wave intensity can be quantitatively evaluated. For the longitudinal wave signal frequency, FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) is used to convert the time domain signal (voltage signal) into a frequency domain signal. Assume that the voltage signal is V(t), where t represents time. Performing FFT operation on V(t) can obtain the signal spectrum V(f), where f represents frequency. In the spectrum V(f), the amplitude corresponding to each frequency point represents the intensity of the frequency component in the original signal. The distance l from the longitudinal wave reflection point to the perception matrix 2 is calculated by formula (2).

[0081]

[0082] Where: V(n) represents the voltage signal sequence, V RMS Stands for root mean square value.

[0083]

[0084] Where: l represents the distance from the reflection point to the perception matrix, t 2 is the perceived time, t 1 is the sending time, and v is the propagation speed of longitudinal waves in different media.

[0085] For the propagation velocity v in formula (2), since the longitudinal waves are reflected at the interface of different media, and the energy loss is ΔVRMS Therefore, v obtains the energy dissipation value ΔV of the longitudinal wave during the interface reflection process through the acoustic signal emission matrix and the acoustic energy sensing matrix. RMS (intensity reduction), based on the energy loss value ΔV of the longitudinal wave RMS , determine the longitudinal wave energy consumed in the longitudinal wave reflection section in the tunnel, and use formula (3) to determine the grouting density ρ of this section i , where the propagation velocity of longitudinal waves in solids can be obtained by formula (4), and the propagation velocity in liquids can be obtained by formula (5). Since the slurry contains mixed aggregates, its wave velocity can be obtained by formula (6). In other cases, the wave velocity v can be obtained based on the longitudinal wave energy dissipation obtained in the previous experiment.

[0086]

[0087] Where: i Represents the actual grouting density of the measured area, ρ 0 represents the ideal grouting density in the measured area, ξ i represents the actual energy dissipation in the measured area, ξ 0 Represents the ideal energy loss in the measured area.

[0088]

[0089] Where: E represents the elastic modulus, μ represents Poisson's ratio, and ρ represents the medium density.

[0090]

[0091] Where: K represents the bulk elastic modulus, ρ represents the density of the fluid.

[0092]

[0093] Wherein: i represents the proportion of solid in the mixed slurry, and n represents the sum of the proportions of liquid and solid in the mixed slurry.

[0094] In one embodiment, the core scheduling unit 10 performs denoising based on the algorithm model of wavelet theory to achieve deep denoising and refined processing of the collected sound wave frequency signal. First, the noisy signal is subjected to wavelet transform to obtain wavelet coefficients. Since noise is usually distributed in the high-frequency part, the absolute value of its wavelet coefficient is relatively small. A threshold T is set, and the part with an absolute value of the wavelet coefficient greater than T is considered to be an effective component of the signal and is retained; the part with an absolute value of the wavelet coefficient less than T is considered to be a noise component and is directly set to zero.

[0095] In one of the embodiments, the core scheduling unit 10 is used to control the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device 3 with the same shape as the tunnel cross-section to move horizontally in a straight line in the tunnel, and control the transmitting base 5 and the sensing base 6 to slide in the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track 4, wherein the transmitting base 5 and the sensing base 6 contain sensing devices for determining the spatial position of the base relative to the data processing center 9 and adjusting the angle of the base relative to the data processing center 9 on an oblique line.

[0096] In one embodiment, when the transmitting base 5 and the sensing base 6 slide in the synchronous lifting track 4 of the tunnel half section, the base surface is always on the same oblique line with the data processing center 9. The function of this step is to determine the spatial coordinate position θ, of determination.

[0097] In one embodiment, the core scheduling unit 10 is used to control the holographic data processing unit 11 to receive the information data processed by the core scheduling unit, and determine the position of each area in the tunnel compared to the coordinate system based on the time difference hysteresis effect of the longitudinal wave in the interface reflection process, the acoustic dynamic characteristics, the dissipative dynamics principle and the geological-engineering spatial coupling properties of the tunnel spatial position. And establish a three-dimensional polar coordinate system.

[0098] When working, Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the specific process of establishing the three-dimensional space polar coordinate system is:

[0099] S1. Based on the constant and fixed attribute characteristics displayed by the data processing center 9 in the time and space framework, a three-dimensional polar coordinate system is established using it as the coordinate origin.

[0100] S2. Determination of slope. Since the acoustic signal transmitting matrix 1 and the acoustic energy sensing matrix 2 are placed on the transmitting base 5 and the sensing base 6, and the transmitting base 5 and the sensing base 6 are equipped with sensing devices, the position of the area to be measured relative to the origin of the coordinates can be calculated, and then the angle θ of the area to be measured relative to the origin can be determined.

[0101] S3, segment layer, rock wall layer spatial coordinate positioning analysis. Based on the acoustic dynamic characteristics of the longitudinal wave propagation velocity and the time difference hysteresis effect in the interface reflection process. Using the formula ρ = v (t 2 -t 1 ), calculate the position coordinates of the tube layer in polar coordinates The first reflected wave is the outer wall of the tube layer, and the time is t 1 The second reflected wave is the inner wall of the tube layer, and the time is t 2 Then use ρ=ρ 2 -ρ1 Calculate the vertical extension of the tube layer. 2 represents the inner wall boundary of the tube layer; ρ 1 Represents the outer wall boundary of the tube layer. For the non-reflection point i n , according to i n-1 Fill in the point attributes.

[0102] S4. Spatial coordinate positioning analysis of the grouting layer. When the grouting layer is a single substance (slurry or air), only longitudinal wave reflection will be generated on the inner wall of the pipe layer and the inner wall of the rock wall. The material in the grouting layer can be determined by using the hysteresis effect of the reflection time difference and the principle of dissipative dynamics, and then the wave velocity v can be determined. 1 , according to the formula ρ=v 1 (t 4 -t 2 ) to calculate the vertical extension of the grouting layer. When the grouting layer is partially filled, according to the reflection time difference hysteresis effect, the time when the first reflection wave is the inner wall of the pipe layer is recorded as t 2 The second reflected wave is the time of the filled material, which is t 3 , and with the help of the principle of dissipative dynamics, the measured medium velocity is determined to be v 2 , using the formula ρ 3 =v 2 (t 3 -t 2 ), determine the vertical extension ρ of the filled material 3 The first reflected wave is the inner wall of the rock layer and the time is t 4 , and with the help of the principle of dissipative dynamics, the measured medium velocity is determined to be v 3 , using the formula ρ 4 =v 3 (t 4 -t 3 ), determine the vertical extension ρ of the remaining filling material in the grouting layer 4 For the non-reflection point i n , according to i n-1 Fill in the point attributes.

[0103] In one embodiment, the core scheduling unit 10 is used to control the holographic intelligent analysis unit 12, distinguish different attribute information according to different colors, and use formula (7) to compare the actual model constructed by the holographic data processing unit 11 based on the information data of the core scheduling unit with the corresponding area in the ideal model. When the difference in grouting effect of the benchmarked area exceeds the range limit allowed by the project, the position of the grouting defect point will be highlighted and the scale of the grouting required will be accurately determined.

[0104]

[0105] Where: MSE represents the difference value of grouting effect; y test Represents the grouting scale of the actual model; y ideal Represents the grouting scale of the ideal model.

[0106] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The TBM back wall grouting effect visual detection system is characterized by: include: An acoustic signal transmitting matrix (1), an acoustic energy sensing matrix (2), a tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device (3), a data processing center (9), a core scheduling unit (10), a holographic data processing unit (11), and a holographic intelligent analysis unit (12), wherein the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device (3) comprises a tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track (4), a transmitting base (5), a sensing base (6), a transmitting sensing spacer plate (7), and a transmitting sensing fixing plate (8); The acoustic signal emission matrix (1), the acoustic energy sensing matrix (2), the holographic data processing unit (11), and the holographic intelligent analysis unit (12) are communicatively connected to the core scheduling unit (10).

2. The TBM back wall grouting effect visualization detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The acoustic signal transmission matrix (1) and the acoustic energy sensing matrix (2) include a plurality of transmission units and sensing units; Each acoustic signal transmission matrix (1) corresponds to two longitudinal wave transmission units that transmit the same frequency, and each acoustic energy sensing matrix (2) corresponds to two longitudinal wave pressure sensing units that receive the same frequency; The core scheduling unit (10), the holographic data processing unit (11), and the holographic intelligent analysis unit (12) constitute a data processing hub (9).

3. The TBM back wall grouting effect visualization detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The acoustic signal emission matrix (1) and the acoustic energy sensing matrix (2) are respectively arranged on an emission base (5) and a sensing base (6) at different heights, arranged at equal intervals, and at the same distance from the outer wall of the pipe segment; The transmitting base (5) and the sensing base (6) are of the same height, arranged at equal intervals and distributed linearly, and the adjacent transmitting bases (5) and sensing bases (6) are at the same distance from the pipe segment; Each of the transmitting bases (5) and the data processing center (9) are always on an oblique line, and each of the sensing bases (6) and the data processing center (9) are always on an oblique line; The transmitting base (5) and the sensing base (6) are provided with sensing devices for determining the spatial coordinates and adjusting the angles of the transmitting base (5) and the sensing base (6).

4. The TBM back wall grouting effect visualization detection system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The core scheduling unit (10) is used to control the acoustic signal transmission matrix (1) to transmit longitudinal waves of a predetermined frequency to the area to be detected, and to control the acoustic energy sensing matrix (2) to receive the pressure of the transmitted longitudinal waves of the predetermined frequency, and to determine the grouting property parameters of the area to be detected according to the time difference between the transmitted longitudinal wave and the received longitudinal wave, the root mean square value, the transmission matrix position, the sensing matrix position, and the acoustic wave energy dissipation value; It is also used to determine the spatial coordinates of the transmitting base (5) and the sensing base (6) relative to the core scheduling unit (10); It is also used to control the movement and extension of the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device (3).

5. The TBM back wall grouting effect visualization detection system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The holographic data processing unit (11) is used to receive information processed by the core scheduling unit (10) and to perform three-dimensional modeling of the tunnel area based on the information.

6. The TBM back wall grouting effect visualization detection system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The holographic intelligent analysis unit (12) is used to compare and analyze the actual modeling and the ideal modeling in the holographic data processing unit (11), and present the difference data and the difference area.

7. The TBM back wall grouting effect visualization detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device (3) is the same as the tunnel half-section, the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device (3) is communicatively connected to the core scheduling unit (10), a plurality of the transmitting bases (5) and the sensing bases (6) are arranged in the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track (4), and the plurality of the transmitting bases (5) and the sensing bases (6) slide in the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track (4).

8. A method for visually detecting the effect of grouting behind a TBM wall, according to a visual detection system for grouting behind a TBM wall according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Applied to the core scheduling unit (10), the holographic data processing unit (11) and the holographic intelligent analysis unit (12), the method comprises: The acoustic signal transmitting matrix (1) is controlled to transmit a longitudinal wave signal of a preset frequency to the area to be tested; the acoustic signal transmitting matrix (1) comprises a plurality of transmitting units, each of the transmitting units being placed on the same straight line at a different height and at the same distance from the outer wall of the pipe segment; The acoustic energy sensing matrix (2) is controlled to receive the longitudinal wave signal pressure reflected by the detected area according to the principle of piezoelectric effect; the acoustic energy sensing matrix (2) comprises a plurality of sensing units, wherein the sending units and the sensing units on the same plane are arranged in an equidistant correspondence; when a preset longitudinal wave is reflected to the acoustic energy sensing matrix (2), the longitudinal wave pressure changes, causing the piezoelectric material in the sensing matrix to deform.

9. The method for visually detecting the effect of TBM back wall grouting according to claim 8, characterized in that: The piezoelectric material will generate electric charge when subjected to pressure or deformation. Since the size and waveform of the voltage signal are related to the pressure, frequency and other parameters of the sound wave, the longitudinal wave related properties can be obtained by analyzing the voltage signal; The voltage signal is transmitted to the core scheduling unit (10) according to the communication signal; The core scheduling unit (10) converts the time domain signal (voltage signal) into a frequency domain signal (sound pressure signal) using a fast Fourier transform (FFT); The core scheduling unit (10) performs denoising through an algorithmic model of wavelet theory to achieve accurate acquisition of grouting information; The core scheduling unit (10) realizes quantitative evaluation of longitudinal wave intensity by calculating the root mean square value of the voltage signal; The core dispatching unit (10) uses the dissipative dynamics principle of longitudinal waves in the medium propagation process to accurately determine the grouting materials in the pipe layer, grouting layer and rock wall layer in TBM grouting, and then obtain the corresponding wave velocity; The core scheduling unit (10) measures the time difference hysteresis effect from the transmission to the reception of the longitudinal wave and calculates the distance according to the wave speed.

10. The method for visually detecting the effect of TBM back wall grouting according to claim 9, characterized in that: The adjacent sending units and sensing units are spaced at the same distance and have the same distance to the outer wall of the tube layer; The longitudinal wave frequencies sent and received by the adjacent sending units and sensing units are the same; The core dispatching unit (10) is used to control the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting device (3) to move at equal distances along the tunnel section; The core dispatching unit (10) is used to control the transmitting base (5) and the sensing base (6) to slide along the tunnel half-section synchronous lifting track (4); The holographic data processing unit (11) is used to receive the information data processed by the core scheduling unit (10), and based on the information data, convert it into a visualized three-dimensional model; The holographic intelligent analysis unit (12) is used to compare the actual model constructed by the holographic data processing unit (11) based on the information data of the core scheduling unit (10) with the ideal model, and present the difference data and the difference area.

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