Mask-mode fabrication of an inflatable device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the mask-mode fabrication of inflatable devices. A multi-layer bladder includes: a first bladder layer; a mask including a plurality of holes; a second bladder layer that is joined to the first bladder layer within the holes in the mask and at locations between the first bladder layer and the second bladder layer where the mask is absent, wherein the mask is configured to prevent the second bladder layer from joining to the first bladder layer at locations where the mask is present; and a fluid passage that is located between the first bladder layer and the second bladder layer and extends from an outer edge of the multi-layer bladder to the mask.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The information provided in this section is for the purpose of presenting the background of the disclosure in general. To the extent described in this section, the work of the presently named inventors, and aspects of this specification that may not otherwise be eligible as prior art at the time of filing, are not expressly or implicitly admitted as prior art against the present disclosure.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to pneumatic membranes, and more particularly, to masked multi-layer bladders. Background Art

[0003] A pneumatic bladder is an inflatable bladder and can have many different applications. The pneumatic bladder can be inflated with air or another suitable gas. One type of bladder includes internal threads attached to opposite sides of the bladder. When the bladder is inflated, the pressure inside the bladder causes the bladder to expand outward, and thereby, applies tension to the threads, which in turn limits the expansion of the bladder. In addition to limiting the expansion of the bladder, the threads also increase the amount of compressive load that the bladder can withstand before deforming due to a compressive load. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In one aspect, a multi-layer bladder includes: a first bladder layer; a mask including a plurality of holes; a second bladder layer bonded to the first bladder layer within the holes in the mask and at locations where the mask is absent between the first bladder layer and the second bladder layer, wherein the mask is configured to prevent the second bladder layer from bonding to the first bladder layer at locations where the mask is present; and a fluid passage located between the first bladder layer and the second bladder layer and extending from an outer edge of the multi-layer bladder to the mask.

[0005] In a further aspect, the holes are equidistant from each other.

[0006] In a further aspect, a slit is provided through the first bladder layer and the second bladder layer, the multi-layer bladder is sealed along the slit, and a portion of the mask is adjacent to the slit.

[0007] In a further aspect, the multi-layer bladder does not include any slit passing through the first bladder layer and the second bladder layer.

[0008] In a further aspect, the first bladder layer and the second bladder layer include polypropylene.

[0009] In a further aspect, the first bladder layer and the second bladder layer include thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).

[0010] In a further feature, the mask comprises paper.

[0011] In a further feature, the mask comprises glassine.

[0012] In a further feature, at least a portion of the second bladder layer is more elastic than the first bladder layer.

[0013] In a further feature, the multi-layer bladder further comprises: a second mask; and a third bladder layer that is joined to the second bladder layer at a location where the second mask is absent between the third bladder layer and the second bladder layer, wherein the second mask is configured to prevent the second bladder layer from joining to the third bladder layer at the location where the second mask is present.

[0014] In a further feature, the second bladder layer includes at least gas channels that permit fluid flow from between the first bladder layer and the second bladder layer to between the second bladder layer and the third bladder layer.

[0015] In a further feature, a second fluid channel is located between the second bladder layer and the third bladder layer and extends from an outer edge of the multi-layer bladder to the second mask.

[0016] In a further feature, the hole is circular.

[0017] In a further feature, the hole is non-circular.

[0018] In one feature, a seatback pocket comprises the multi-layer bladder.

[0019] In a further feature, the multi-layer bladder further comprises: a second mask; and a third bladder layer that is joined to the second bladder layer at a location where the second mask is absent between the third bladder layer and the second bladder layer, wherein the second mask is configured to prevent the second bladder layer from joining to the third bladder layer at the location where the second mask is present.

[0020] In a further feature, a second multi-layer bladder is disposed perpendicular to the multi-layer bladder.

[0021] In a further feature, an extensible fabric covers the multi-layer bladder.

[0022] In a further feature, a first protrusion is located at a first distal end of the multi-layer bladder and a second protrusion is located at a second distal end of the multi-layer bladder, wherein the first distal end is opposite the second distal end, and wherein the first protrusion and the second protrusion are at least partially disposed within a channel in a seatback.

[0023] In one aspect, a method of manufacturing a multi-layer capsule includes: disposing a mask on a first capsule layer; disposing a second capsule layer over the mask and the first capsule layer, wherein the mask includes a plurality of holes and is configured to prevent the second capsule layer from bonding to the first capsule layer at positions where the mask is present; and using a hot press to apply pressure and heat the first capsule layer, the second capsule layer, and the mask within a predetermined temperature range for at least a predetermined period of time, thereby bonding the first capsule layer to the second capsule layer within the holes and at positions between the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer where the mask is not present.

[0024] The present invention further includes the following technical solutions.

[0025] Solution 1. A multi-layer capsule, comprising:

[0026] A first capsule layer;

[0027] A mask including a plurality of holes;

[0028] A second capsule layer that bonds to the first capsule layer within the holes in the mask and at positions between the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer where the mask is not present,

[0029] wherein the mask is configured to prevent the second capsule layer from bonding to the first capsule layer at positions where the mask is present; and

[0030] A fluid channel located between the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer and extending from the outer edge of the multi-layer capsule to the mask.

[0031] Solution 2. The multi-layer capsule according to Solution 1, wherein the holes are equidistant from each other.

[0032] Solution 3. The multi-layer capsule according to Solution 1, further comprising a slit passing through the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer, wherein the multi-layer capsule is sealed along the slit, and wherein a portion of the mask is close to the slit.

[0033] Solution 4. The multi-layer capsule according to Solution 1, not including any slit passing through the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer.

[0034] Solution 5. The multi-layer capsule according to Solution 1, wherein the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer comprise polypropylene.

[0035] Solution 6. The multi-layer capsule according to Solution 1, wherein the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer comprise thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).

[0036] Aspect 7. The multi-layered bladder according to Aspect 1, wherein the mask comprises paper.

[0037] Aspect 8. The multi-layered bladder according to Aspect 1, wherein the mask comprises cellophane.

[0038] Aspect 9. The multi-layered bladder according to Aspect 1, wherein at least a portion of the second bladder layer is more elastic than the first bladder layer.

[0039] Aspect 10. The multi-layered bladder according to Aspect 1, further comprising:

[0040] a second mask; and

[0041] a third bladder layer that is joined to the second bladder layer at a location where the second mask is absent between the third bladder layer and the second bladder layer,

[0042] wherein the second mask is configured to prevent the second bladder layer from joining to the third bladder layer at a location where the second mask is present.

[0043] Aspect 11. The multi-layered bladder according to Aspect 10, wherein the second bladder layer comprises at least gas channels that permit fluid flow from between the first bladder layer and the second bladder layer to between the second bladder layer and the third bladder layer.

[0044] Aspect 12. The multi-layered bladder according to Aspect 10, further comprising a second fluid channel that is located between the second bladder layer and the third bladder layer and extends from the outer edge of the multi-layered bladder to the second mask.

[0045] Aspect 13. The multi-layered bladder according to Aspect 1, wherein the hole is circular.

[0046] Aspect 14. The multi-layered bladder according to Aspect 1, wherein the hole is non-circular.

[0047] Aspect 15. A seat back pocket comprising the multi-layered bladder according to Aspect 1.

[0048] Aspect 16. The seat back pocket according to Aspect 15, wherein the multi-layered bladder further comprises:

[0049] a second mask; and

[0050] a third bladder layer that is joined to the second bladder layer at a location where the second mask is absent between the third bladder layer and the second bladder layer,

[0051] Wherein, the second mask is configured to prevent the second bladder layer from bonding to the third bladder layer at the location where the second mask is present.

[0052] Aspect 17. The seat back pocket according to aspect 15, further comprising:

[0053] A second multi-layer bladder, which is arranged perpendicular to the multi-layer bladder.

[0054] Aspect 18. The seat back pocket according to aspect 15, further comprising an extensible fabric covering the multi-layer bladder.

[0055] Aspect 19. The seat back pocket according to aspect 15, further comprising a first protrusion at a first distal end of the multi-layer bladder and a second protrusion at a second distal end of the multi-layer bladder,

[0056] wherein, the first distal end is opposite to the second distal end, and

[0057] wherein, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are at least partially disposed in a channel in the seat back.

[0058] Aspect 20. A method of manufacturing a multi-layer bladder, the method comprising:

[0059] Disposing a mask on a first bladder layer;

[0060] Disposing a second bladder layer above the mask and the first bladder layer,

[0061] wherein, the mask includes a plurality of holes and is configured to prevent the second bladder layer from bonding to the first bladder layer at the location where the mask is present; and

[0062] Using a hot press, applying pressure and heating the first bladder layer, the second bladder layer and the mask within a predetermined temperature range for at least a predetermined period of time, so as to bond the first bladder layer and the second bladder layer within the holes and at the locations where the mask is absent between the first bladder layer and the second bladder layer.

[0063] Based on the detailed description, claims and drawings, other aspects of the applicability of the present disclosure will become apparent. The detailed description and specific examples are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] The present disclosure will be more fully understood through the detailed description and the drawings, in which:

[0065] Figure 1 is an exploded view of an exemplary two-layer mask-type bladder;

[0066] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an exemplary non-inflated view of an exemplary bladder;

[0067] Figure 3 is Figure 1 an exemplary inflated view of an exemplary bladder;

[0068] Figure 4 is a flowchart depicting an exemplary method of manufacturing a two-layer mask-type bladder;

[0069] Figure 5 is an exploded view of an exemplary three-layer mask-type bladder;

[0070] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a side view of an exemplary inflation of an exemplary bladder in a first direction and a second direction;

[0071] Figure 7 is Figure 5 a side view of an exemplary inflation of an exemplary bladder in a first direction;

[0072] Figure 8 is Figure 5 a side view of an exemplary inflation of an exemplary bladder in a second direction;

[0073] Figure 9 is a top view of an exemplary mask having a predetermined pattern;

[0074] Figure 10 is having a Figure 9 perspective view of an exemplary bladder having a mask similar to the mask of;

[0075] Figure 11 including in the inflated case of Figure 10 perspective view of an exemplary bladder;

[0076] Figure 12 is Figure 10 and Figure 11 exploded view of an exemplary bladder;

[0077] Figure 13 including an exploded view of an exemplary bladder including two masks patterned similarly to the exemplary mask of Figures 9 - 12 ;

[0078] Figure 14 including a side view including Figure 13 exemplary bending of the bladder of in a first direction;

[0079] Figure 15 including a side view includingFigure 13 Exemplary bending of the bladder along a second direction;

[0080] Figure 16 Perspective view of an exemplary seat back pocket including a vehicle;

[0081] Figure 17 Top view of an example drawing including two mask-mode bladders in a seat back pocket for a vehicle;

[0082] Figure 18 Exemplary illustration of an open seat back pocket, which is achieved by bending the bladder along a first direction to keep the seat back pocket open;

[0083] Figure 19 Exemplary illustration of a seat back pocket that remains closed, which is achieved by bending the bladder along a second direction to tighten and close the seat back pocket;

[0084] Figure 20 Exemplary illustration of a seat back pocket in a neutral position;

[0085] Figure 21 Perspective view of a bladder for a seat back pocket having a protrusion;

[0086] Figure 22 Exploded view of an exemplary two-layer mask-mode bladder, which includes gaps near a plurality of masks;

[0087] Figure 23 Is when the gill is not inflated Figure 21 Exemplary side view of the bladder;

[0088] Figure 24 Is when the gill is inflated Figure 21 Exemplary side view of the bladder;

[0089] Figure 25 Exploded view of an exemplary three-layer mask-mode bladder;

[0090] Figure 26 Is Figure 25 Exemplary side view of the bladder, where the gill is actuated in one direction;

[0091] Figure 27 Is Figure 25 Exemplary side view of the bladder, where the gill is actuated in another direction;

[0092] Figure 28 Perspective view of an exemplary mask having perforations where the mask material is removed;

[0093] Figure 29 Exemplary top view of the layers of a mask-mode bladder of a seat back pocket;

[0094] Figure 30 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a multi-layered bladder including a gill portion;

[0095] Figure 31 is Figure 30 a cross-sectional view of an exemplary bladder, where the gill portion is closed due to the bladder not being inflated;

[0096] Figure 32 is Figure 30 a cross-sectional view of an exemplary bladder, where the gill portion is open due to the bladder being inflated;

[0097] Figure 33 is a perspective view of an exemplary multi-layered bladder including multiple gill portions;

[0098] Figure 34 is a flow chart depicting an exemplary method of manufacturing a mask-type bladder having a gill portion and a perforated mask;

[0099] Figure 35 includes a perspective view of a multi-layered bladder having a mask with multiple perforations;

[0100] Figure 36 includes a cross-sectional view of a portion of a multi-layered bladder that includes a fluid channel within a membrane to allow fluid flow through the membrane.

[0101] In the drawings, reference numerals may be repeated to identify similar and / or identical elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0102] Creating complex bladders with multiple interconnected membrane layers can be difficult and time-consuming. Such bladders can be created, for example, using a linear heat-sealing process. Using a perimeter-sealing process such as ultrasonic welding, such bladders may be expensive or impossible to manufacture.

[0103] This application relates to efficiently and cost-effectively manufacturing mask-type multi-layered bladders. The multi-layered bladders can include a subcutaneous gas delivery system, where the mask (between the bladder layers) includes holes to more evenly distribute the airflow. The multi-layered bladders discussed herein can be used, for example, in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems of vehicles, seat-back bags of vehicles, and other embodiments.

[0104] Figure 1Is an exploded view of an exemplary two - layer mask - type bladder. Mask 104 is sandwiched between a first membrane 108 and a second membrane 112. The first membrane 108 is joined to the second membrane 112 at a location different from where the mask 104 is located. An inlet 116 is inserted through the second membrane 112 such that a fluid (e.g., a gas such as air or a liquid such as a salt solution) can flow into the space between the first membrane 108 and the second membrane 112 where they are not joined together due to the presence of the mask 104. The gas within this space causes the first membrane 108 and / or the second membrane 112 to expand at the location of the mask 104 and inflate the bladder.

[0105] The first membrane 108 and the second membrane 112 can be, for example, polyethylene (e.g., a sheet with a thickness of 0.004'', a sheet with a thickness of 0.006''), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) (e.g., a sheet with a thickness of 0.2'', a sheet with a thickness of 0.3'') or another suitable material. The mask 104 can be, for example, one or more layers of paper (e.g., standard white paper), one or more layers of cellophane or one or more layers of another suitable material that does not bond to the membranes used. In an example where the first membrane 108 and the second membrane 112 are of another type of material, polyethylene can be used as the mask 104.

[0106] Figure 2 Is Figure 1 An exemplary non - inflated view of an exemplary bladder. Figure 3 Is Figure 1 An exemplary inflated view of an exemplary bladder.

[0107] Figure 4 Is a flow chart depicting an exemplary method of manufacturing a two - layer mask - type bladder. The method begins at 404 where the first membrane 108, the second membrane 112 and the mask 104 are prepared. The mask 104 as well as the first membrane 112 and the second membrane 108 can be cut, for example, to a predetermined size and into a predetermined shape. The mask 104 can be cut into a predetermined pattern, as further described below. The first membrane 108, the second membrane 112 and the mask 104 can be cut, for example, using an automated cutting machine or in another suitable manner. The mask can include one or more portions configured to extend to one or more outer edges of the bladder, for example, for the insertion of the inlet, outlet, etc. The inlet can also be used as an outlet. The inlet and the outlet can more generally be referred to as gas or fluid channels.

[0108] At 408, the mask 104 can be positioned on top of the first membrane 108. The second membrane 112 is positioned on top of the mask 104 such that the mask 104 is sandwiched between the first membrane 108 and the second membrane 112.

[0109] At 412, the first film 108, the second film 112, and the mask 104 are positioned on a hot press. The hot press is closed to apply pressure and heat to the first film 108, the second film 112, and the mask 104. The first film 108, the second film 112, and the mask 104 can be heated for a predetermined period of time at a predetermined temperature using the hot press. For example, the predetermined temperature and the predetermined period of time can be set based on being sufficient to bond the first film 108 to the second film 112. Only by way of example, using the above exemplary materials, the predetermined temperature can be from about 270 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) to about 330 degrees Fahrenheit, and the predetermined period of time can be from 45 seconds to 2 minutes. Other temperatures and / or periods of time can be used for different materials and / or materials with different properties. The heating and pressure bond (seal) the first film 108 and the second film 112.

[0110] At 416, an inlet 116 (e.g., a tube) can be inserted through one of the first film 108 and the second film 112 (or between the first film 108 and the second film 112). In various embodiments, an outlet (e.g., a tube) can also be inserted through one of the first film 108 and the second film 112 (or between the first film 108 and the second film 112). For example, a seal can be formed around the inlet 116 using a manual iron or another suitable heat - sealing form. In various embodiments, as further discussed below, multiple inlets can be provided between the films.

[0111] Although Figures 1 - 3 an example of a two - layer bladder is illustrated, this application is also applicable to bladders having more than two layers. For example, Figure 5 is an exploded view of an exemplary three - layer mask - type bladder. The mask 104 is sandwiched between the first film 108 and the second film 112. The first film 108 is bonded to the second film 112 at a location different from the location where the mask 104 is located. In this example, the second film 112 can be more elastic than the first film 108. For example, the second film 112 can be thicker than the first film 108, or be a material that is more elastic (less deformable / flexible) compared to the material of the first film 108.

[0112] A second mask 504 is sandwiched between the second film 112 and the third film 508. The second film 112 is bonded to the third film 508 at a location different from the location where the second mask 504 is located.

[0113] A second inlet 512 is inserted through the third film 508 such that gas (e.g., air) can flow into the space where the second film 112 and the third film 508 are not bonded together due to the presence of the second mask 504. The gas within this space causes the second film 112 and / or the third film 508 to expand and inflate the bladder.

[0114] The third film 508 can be, for example, polyethylene (e.g., a sheet with a thickness of 0.004'', a sheet with a thickness of 0.006''), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) (e.g., a sheet with a thickness of 0.2'', a sheet with a thickness of 0.3''), or another suitable material. The second mask 504 can be, for example, paper (e.g., standard white paper), cellophane, or another suitable material that does not bond to the film used. In an example where the second film 112 and the third film 508 are another type of material, polyethylene can be used as the second mask 504.

[0115] In addition to Figure 4 the steps described above, after thermocompression, the bladder can be turned over, and the second mask 504 can be located on top of the second film 112. The third film 508 is located on top of the second mask 504 such that the second mask 504 is sandwiched between the second film 112 and the third film 508.

[0116] The first film 108, the second film 112, the third film 508, the first mask 104, and the second mask 504 are positioned on a hot press. The hot press is closed to apply pressure and heat to the second film 112 and the third film 508. The first film 108, the second film 112, the third film 508, the first mask 104, and the second mask 504 can be heated for the predetermined period of time at the predetermined temperature using the hot press. The heating and pressure bond (seal) the second film 112 and the third film 508.

[0117] The second inlet 512 (e.g., a tube) can be inserted through one of the second film 112 and the third film 508 (or between the second film 112 and the third film 508). In various embodiments, an outlet (e.g., a tube) can also be inserted through one of the second film 112 and the third film 508 (or between the second film 112 and the third film 508).

[0118] In operation, gas can be supplied between the first film 108 and the second film 112 to inflate the bladder in a first direction. Gas can be supplied between the second film 112 and the third film 508 to inflate the bladder in a second direction. The inflation can be simultaneous or at different times. Figure 6 Including Figure 5 a side view of an exemplary inflation of an exemplary bladder in the first direction and the second direction. Figure 7 Including Figure 5 a side view of an exemplary inflation of an exemplary bladder in the first direction. Figure 8 Including Figure 5 a side view of an exemplary inflation of an exemplary bladder in the second direction.

[0119] As described above, the mask can be shaped into a predetermined pattern. The pattern of the mask of the bladder can allow the bladder to bend. The pattern of the mask can determine the shape of the bend.

[0120] Figure 9 Includes a top view of a mask 104 having a predetermined pattern. The mask 104 may include a first segment 904 and a plurality of second segments 908 extending away from (e.g., perpendicular to) the first segment 904. The dimensions of the first segment 904 and 908 determine the shape in which the bladder will bend when air is introduced into the bladder. The inlet segment 912 may extend to the outer edges of the first and second membranes such that the inlet 116 can be inserted into the inlet segment 912.

[0121] Figure 10 Is an exemplary bladder with a mask similar to that of Figure 9 . As described above, the pattern of the mask (and additionally the elasticity of the first membrane 108 and the second membrane 112) determines the bending shape of the bladder in the inflated condition. Figure 11 Includes an exemplary bladder in the inflated condition of Figure 10 . As Figure 11 shown, a mask including a first segment (e.g., 904) and a second segment (e.g., 908) bows the bladder when inflated. Figure 12 Is Figure 10 and Figure 11 an exploded view of an exemplary bladder.

[0122] As described above, the bladder may include more than two membranes and more than one mask to deform in multiple directions. Figure 13 Includes an exploded view of an exemplary bladder including two masks similarly patterned to the exemplary mask of Figures 9 - 12 . This arrangement allows the bladder to bend in a first direction when pressure is applied between the first and second membranes and to bend in a second direction when pressure is applied between the second and third membranes. Figure 14 Includes a side view including an exemplary bend of the bladder of Figure 13 in this first direction. Figure 15 Includes a side view including an exemplary bend of the bladder of Figure 13 in this second direction.

[0123] In various embodiments, two or more bladders may be used together to perform one or more functions. For example, two or more bladders may be implemented together in a vehicle to perform one or more functions. As an example, two bladders may be arranged in a T shape and used with a seatback pocket of a vehicle.

[0124] Figure 16 Includes a perspective view of an exemplary seatback pocket of a vehicle. The seatback pocket is fixed to the backrest of a first seat of the vehicle so as to be accessible, for example, by an occupant sitting on a second seat behind the first seat from behind the first seat.

[0125] Figure 17 Top view of an example diagram including two mask-mode bladders in a seat-back pocket for a vehicle. The first bladder 1704 is similar or identical to Figure 13 an example so as to be bendable in two directions. The first bladder 1704 is disposed horizontally (left to right) across the top of the seat-back pocket.

[0126] The second bladder 1708 is disposed perpendicular to the first bladder 1704. Thus, the first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708 form a T shape. Similar to Figure 13 an example (but with a different mask pattern), the second bladder 1708 may include three membranes and two masks so as to be bendable in two directions. The membranes of the first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708 may be bonded (sealed) together (e.g., via heat pressing). The second bladder 1708 is disposed to extend vertically (top to bottom) toward the bottom of the seat-back pocket.

[0127] In this example, the first bladder 1704 includes a first inlet 1712 and a second inlet 1716. The second bladder 1708 includes a third inlet 1720 and a fourth inlet 1724. Gas may be supplied via the first inlet 1712 to cause the first bladder 1704 to bend in a first direction. Gas may be supplied via the second inlet 1716 to cause the first bladder 1704 to bend in a second direction. Gas may be supplied via the third inlet 1720 to cause the second bladder 1708 to bend in the first direction. Gas may be supplied via the fourth inlet 1724 to cause the second bladder 1708 to bend in the second direction or the first direction.

[0128] Gas may be supplied to the second bladder 1708 from a gas source different from the gas source for supplying gas to the first bladder 1704. Alternatively, gas from the same gas source may be used to supply gas to both the first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708. In Figure 17 an example, gas from one gas source is simultaneously supplied to both the second bladder 1708 (via the fourth inlet 1724) and the first bladder (via the second inlet 1716) via a T-piece 1728. In this way, both the first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708 will deform in the first direction simultaneously. Gas from one gas source is simultaneously supplied to both the second bladder 1708 (via the third inlet 1720) and the first bladder (via the first inlet 1712) via a T-piece 1732. In this way, both the first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708 will deform in the second direction simultaneously. Not supplying gas to either the first bladder 1704 or the second bladder 1708 provides a neutral operation.

[0129] When the first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708 are bent in a first direction, the seatback pocket can be opened and allow an item to be inserted into the seatback pocket. Figure 18 is an exemplary illustration of an opened seatback pocket, which is achieved by the bending of the first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708 in the first direction to keep the seatback pocket open. When the first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708 are bent in a second direction, the seatback pocket can be closed and tightened to hold any item inserted into the seatback pocket. Figure 19 is an exemplary illustration of a seatback pocket that remains closed, which is achieved by the bending of the first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708 in the second direction to tighten the seatback pocket closed. When gas is not supplied to either of the first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708, the seatback pocket can remain in a neutral position. Figure 20 is an exemplary illustration of a seatback pocket in a neutral position.

[0130] The first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708 can be wrapped in a stretchable or extensible fabric material to provide a finished appearance and accommodate actuation, such as Figures 18 - 20 in the example of. As Figure 21 shown, the protrusions 2104 and 2108 can be attached to the seatback as shown at 2110 and overlap the distal ends of the first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708. The protrusions 2104 and 2108 can be held under a clip (e.g., Figure 20 2004 in) that holds the seatback pocket to the seat. The protrusions 2104 and 2108 can help hold the first bladder 1704 in place within the seatback pocket while allowing the first bladder 1704 and the second bladder 1708 to actuate the seatback pocket as needed. In particular, the protrusions 2104 and 2108 provide a reaction surface to push against during tightening while allowing the ends to slide, which accommodates the sliding of the bladder ends during deformation. This movement can be horizontal and vertical. The protrusions 2104 and 2108 can be, for example, plastic (e.g., acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic) or another suitable material.

[0131] In various embodiments, one or more slits can be formed in one or more membranes to create a feature similar to a gill. Figure 22 is an exploded view of an exemplary two - layer mask - type bladder that includes slits 2204 near a plurality of masks 2208. In this example, the slits 2204 pass through both the first membrane 108 and the second membrane 112. The edges of the slits 2204 are sealed, for example, after the slits 2204 are made. Figure 23 is when the gill - like portion is not inflated Figure 21 exemplary side view of a multi - layer bladder. Figure 24when the gill portion is inflated Figure 21 Exemplary side view of the multi-layer bladder of

[0132] Although Figures 21 - 23 the example of a two-layer bladder is illustrated, the present application is also applicable to bladders with more than two layers, for example to provide actuation in two directions of the gill portion. For example, Figure 25 is an exploded view of an exemplary three-layer mask-type bladder. The slit 2204 provided in more than two membranes enables actuation in two directions. In this example, the slit 2204 is provided through all three membranes. Figure 26 is Figure 25 Exemplary side view of the multi-layer bladder of Figure 27 is Figure 25 Exemplary side view of the multi-layer bladder of

[0133] In various embodiments, the mask may include a plurality of perforations. These perforations may help to more evenly distribute air within the bladder and, for example, provide an aesthetic appearance of the bladder when the bladder is located on a visible surface. For example, a bladder having a gill portion may be located on the dashboard of a vehicle, where the gill portion serves as a duct through which heated and cooled air from a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system may flow (when the gill portion is open) or be blocked (when the gill portion is closed).

[0134] Figure 28 Perspective view of an exemplary mask 2804 including perforations (holes) 2808 where the material of the mask has been removed. The membranes above and below the mask 2804 will be sealed to each other within the perforations 2808. Although in Figure 28 an example of circular perforations is shown, non-circular perforations of other shapes may also be used, such as oval, hexagonal, octagonal, square, rectangular, or triangular. Examples of perforations of other shapes are provided on the bottom of Figure 28 . However, the present application is also applicable to perforations of other shapes.

[0135] A mask having perforations may be used, for example, in combination with the embodiments of the seat-back bag described above. Figure 29Is an exemplary top view of the layers of a concealment-mode bladder of a seat-back pocket. 2904 is a first film. 2908 is a first mask including exemplary perforations 2912. 2916 is a second film, such as a more elastic (e.g., thicker) structural film. 2916 can be, for example, a sheet of film material or a film material having a sheet-like region where the film material is thicker than other thinner regions. The first mask 2908 is sandwiched between the first film 2904 and the second film 2916. The first film 2904 and the second film 2916 are sealed to each other at positions where the first mask 2908 is absent (including within the perforations 2912). The positions where the first film 2904 and the second film 2916 are sealed together form a structure similar to a rivet or a post.

[0136] 2920 is a second mask including exemplary perforations 2924. The second mask 2920 can be the same as the first mask 2908 and have the same perforations as the first mask 2908. 2928 is a third film. The third film 2928 can be the same as the first film 2904. The second mask 2920 is sandwiched between the second film 2916 and the third film 2928. The third film 2928 and the second film 2916 are sealed to each other at positions where the second mask 2920 is absent (including within the perforations 2924). The positions where the third film 2928 and the second film 2916 are sealed together form a structure similar to a rivet or a post. At Figure 29 the lower right portion of Figure 29 an example of a cross-sectional view is provided. Figure 35 Perspective view of an exemplary multi-layer bladder, where the mask includes perforations. In Figure 35 the example of

[0137] the multi-layer bladder also includes two fluid channels 3504. Figure 30 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a multi-layer bladder including gills 3004. The gills 3004 include a bladder 3008 that causes the gills 3004 to open when the bladder 3008 is inflated. When the bladder 3008 is not inflated, the gills 3004 are closed. At Figure 30 a cross-sectional view of the gills 3004 including the bladder 3008 is provided on the left side of

[0138] Figure 30 the bladder of

[0139] Typically, the bladder layer can be made of a film of a thermoplastic material, allowing for bonding to adjacent material layers (i.e., polypropylene, TPU, polyethylene, etc.). These layers can also be reinforced with a textile (woven or knitted material, or unidirectional yarn / thread elements) coated with or impregnated with a thermoplastic material. Additionally, the thickness of the material layers can be varied or the layer constituent materials can be changed such that the stiffness varies across the bladder laminate. When one or more of the cavities in the bladder are inflated, this layered stiffness gradient within the bladder system causes curvature and shape changes.

[0140] A cross-sectional view of the bladder is provided at the bottom in Figure 30 . The mask 3012 is sandwiched between a first film (e.g., TPU) 3024 and a second film (e.g., a nylon textile (e.g., fabric) coated with TPU) 3028. The bladder may also include a third film 3032 (e.g., TPU), and a second mask (e.g., Figure 31 3104 in

[0141] These perforations can be equidistant from each other, e.g., as shown in Figure 30 . These perforations can follow a biased pattern where the centers of every other row of perforations are aligned (e.g., Figure 30 ), or a non-biased pattern where the centers of each row of perforations are aligned in two directions (e.g., Figure 28 ).

[0142] Figure 31 is Figure 30 a cross-sectional view of an exemplary bladder where the gill portions 3004 are closed due to the bladder 3008 not being inflated. Figure 32 is Figure 30 a cross-sectional view of an exemplary bladder where the gill portions 3004 are open due to the bladder 3008 being inflated.

[0143] Figure 33 is a perspective view of an exemplary multi-layer bladder including a plurality of gill portions 3304. Figure 33 The bladder of

[0144] Figure 34is a flowchart depicting an exemplary method of manufacturing a mask-like bladder having gill-like portions and a perforated mask. The method begins at 3404, where a first film (e.g., TPU), a second film (e.g., nylon), a third film (e.g., TPU), and a first mask and a second mask (e.g., cellophane) are prepared. These masks and films can be cut, for example, to a predetermined size and into a predetermined shape. The masks are cut to include perforations. These films and masks can be cut, for example, using an automated cutter or in another suitable manner.

[0145] At 3408, the first mask can be positioned on top of the first film. The second film is positioned on top of the first mask such that the first mask is sandwiched between the first film and the second film.

[0146] At 3412, the first film, the second film, and the first mask are positioned on a heat press. The heat press is closed to apply pressure and heat to the first film, the second film, and the mask. The first film, the second film, and the mask can be heated for a predetermined period of time at a predetermined temperature using the heat press. For example, the predetermined temperature and the predetermined period of time can be set based on being sufficient to bond the first film to the second film. By way of example only, using the above exemplary materials, the predetermined temperature can be from about 270 degrees Fahrenheit to about 330 degrees Fahrenheit, and the predetermined period of time can be from 45 seconds to 2 minutes. Other temperatures and / or periods of time can be used for different materials and / or materials with different properties. The heating and pressure bond (seal) the first film and the second film, including within the perforations of the first mask.

[0147] At 3416, the second mask can be positioned on top of the second film. The third film is positioned on top of the second mask such that the second mask is sandwiched between the third film and the second film.

[0148] At 3420, the first film, the second film, the third film, the first mask, and the second mask are positioned on a heat press. The heat press is closed to apply pressure and heat to the third film and the second film. The third film and the second film can be heated for a predetermined period of time at a predetermined temperature using the heat press. For example, the predetermined temperature and the predetermined period of time can be set based on being sufficient to bond the third film to the second film. By way of example only, using the above exemplary materials, the predetermined temperature can be from about 270 degrees Fahrenheit to about 330 degrees Fahrenheit, and the predetermined period of time can be from 45 seconds to 2 minutes. Other temperatures and / or periods of time can be used for different materials and / or materials with different properties. The heating and pressure bond (seal) the third film and the second film, including within the perforations of the second mask.

[0149] At 3424, one or more inlets (e.g., tubes) may be inserted. For example, the inlet may be inserted between the second membrane and the third membrane to inflate the gill portion and actuate the gill portion in a first direction. Additionally, the inlet may be inserted between the first membrane and the second membrane to actuate the gill portion, for example, in a second direction.

[0150] In various embodiments, the membrane may include one or more fluid channels through the membrane to allow fluid flow from one side of the membrane to the other side. For example, Figure 36 A cross-sectional view of a portion of a multi-layer capsule, wherein the second membrane 112 includes one or more fluid channels (e.g., tubes or pores), such as fluid channel 3604. The mask located between the first membrane 108 and the second membrane 112 may include a plurality of perforations, such as mask 2804. The mask 3608 located between the second membrane 112 and the third membrane 508 may include perforations (e.g., like mask 2804), or may not include perforations, such as Figures 1 - 27 the mask. The third membrane 508 may include one or more features, such as one or more slits or one or more gill portions. The fluid channel through the second membrane 112 allows fluid flow from between the first membrane 108 and the second membrane 112 through the fluid channel and to between the second membrane 108 and the third membrane 112.

[0151] The foregoing description is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. The broad teachings of the disclosure can be implemented in a variety of forms. Thus, while the disclosure includes specific examples, the actual scope of the disclosure should not be so limited since other modifications will become apparent upon a study of the drawings, the specification, and the following claims. It should be understood that one or more steps within a method may be executed in a different order (or concurrently) without altering the principles of the disclosure. Additionally, although each of the embodiments is described above as having certain features, any one or more of those features described with respect to any embodiment of the disclosure may be implemented in and / or combined with any other features of any other embodiment, even if the combination is not explicitly described. In other words, the described embodiments are not mutually exclusive, and permutations of one or more of the embodiments with each other are still within the scope of the disclosure.

[0152] The spatial and functional relationships between components (e.g., between modules, circuit components, semiconductor layers, etc.) are described using various terms, including "connected", "joined", "coupled", "adjacent", "next to", "on top of", "above", "below", and "disposed". Unless explicitly described as "direct", when describing the relationship between a first and a second component in the foregoing disclosure, the relationship can be a direct relationship in which no other intervening components exist between the first and second components, but can also be an indirect relationship in which one or more intervening components exist between the first and second components (spatially or functionally). As used herein, the phrase "at least one of A, B, and C" shall be construed to mean a logic (A OR B OR C) using non-exclusive logical OR, and shall not be construed to mean "at least one of A, at least one of B, and at least one of C".

[0153] In the drawings, the direction of an arrow, as indicated by the arrowhead, generally shows the information flow (e.g., data or instructions) that the figure is concerned with. For example, when component A and component B exchange various information but the information transmitted from component A to component B is relevant to the figure, the arrow can point from component A to component B. This one-way arrow does not mean that no other information is transmitted from component B to component A. In addition, for the information sent from component A to component B, component B can send a request for the information or a receipt confirmation to component A.

Claims

1. A multi-layer capsule, comprising: A first capsule layer; A mask including a plurality of holes, wherein the holes are equidistant from each other and are circular holes of the same size; A second capsule layer, which is bonded to the first capsule layer within the holes in the mask and at positions where the mask does not exist between the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer, Wherein the mask is configured to prevent the second capsule layer from bonding to the first capsule layer at positions where the mask exists; And A fluid channel, which is located between the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer and extends from the outer edge of the multi-layer capsule to the mask.

2. The multilayer capsule according to claim 1 further includes a gap passing through the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer, wherein, The multi-layer capsule is sealed along the slit, and a part of the mask is close to the slit.

3. The multi-layer capsule according to claim 1, not including any slit passing through the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer.

4. The multi-layer capsule according to claim 1, wherein, The first capsule layer and the second capsule layer include polypropylene.

5. The multilayer capsule according to claim 1, wherein, The first capsule layer and the second capsule layer include thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).

6. The multilayer capsule according to claim 1, wherein, The mask includes paper.

7. The multilayer capsule according to claim 1, wherein, The mask includes cellophane.

8. The multilayer capsule according to claim 1, wherein, At least a part of the second capsule layer is more elastic than the first capsule layer.

9. The multi-layer capsule according to claim 1, further comprising: A second mask; And A third capsule layer, which is bonded to the second capsule layer at positions where the second mask does not exist between the third capsule layer and the second capsule layer, Wherein the second mask is configured to prevent the second capsule layer from bonding to the third capsule layer at positions where the second mask exists.

10. The multilayer capsule according to claim 9, wherein, The second capsule layer includes at least a gas channel, and the gas channel allows fluid to flow from between the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer to between the second capsule layer and the third capsule layer.

11. The multi-layer capsule according to claim 9, further comprising a second fluid channel, which is located between the second capsule layer and the third capsule layer and extends from the outer edge of the multi-layer capsule to the second mask.

12. A seat back pocket including the multi-layer capsule according to claim 1.

13. The seat back pocket according to claim 12, wherein, The multi-layer capsule further comprises: A second mask; and A third capsule layer, which is bonded to the second capsule layer at positions where the second mask does not exist between the third capsule layer and the second capsule layer, Wherein the second mask is configured to prevent the second capsule layer from bonding to the third capsule layer at positions where the second mask exists.

14. The seat back pocket according to claim 13, further comprising: A second multi-layer capsule, which is arranged perpendicular to the multi-layer capsule.

15. The seat back pocket according to claim 13, further comprising an extensible fabric covering the multi-layer capsule.

16. The seat back pocket according to claim 13, further comprising a first protrusion at a first distal end of the multi-layer capsule and a second protrusion at a second distal end of the multi-layer capsule, Among them, The first distal end is opposite to the second distal end, and Wherein the first protrusion and the second protrusion are at least partially disposed in a channel in the seat back.

17. A method of manufacturing a multi-layer capsule, the method comprising: placing a mask on a first capsule layer; placing a second capsule layer above the mask and the first capsule layer, wherein the mask includes a plurality of holes and is configured to prevent the second capsule layer from bonding to the first capsule layer at positions where the mask is present, and the holes are equidistant from each other and are circular holes of the same size; and using a hot press, applying pressure and heating the first capsule layer, the second capsule layer and the mask within a predetermined temperature range for at least a predetermined period of time, so as to bond the first capsule layer to the second capsule layer within the holes and at positions where the mask is absent between the first capsule layer and the second capsule layer.

Images