A double-discharge shielding lightning arrester and lightning arresting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of lightning repelling technology, and in particular to a double-discharge shielding lightning repelling device and a lightning repelling method, comprising a primary lightning repelling device, the primary lightning repelling device comprising a primary shell, a plurality of primary discharge components are installed outside the primary shell, a primary electrode is installed in the primary shell through an insulator, and a gap is arranged between the primary electrode and the inner wall of the primary shell; a secondary lightning repelling device, the secondary lightning repelling device comprising a secondary shell, the top end of the secondary shell is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the primary shell through a connecting sleeve, a plurality of secondary discharge components are installed outside the secondary shell, a secondary electrode is arranged in the secondary shell, the secondary electrode is connected to the primary electrode through a discharge rod arranged in the secondary shell and the connecting sleeve, a gap is arranged between the secondary electrode and the inner wall of the secondary shell, and the secondary electrode is grounded through a grounding wire; the problem that the lightning repelling capacity of previous lightning repelling products is fixed and weak minefields and strong minefields cannot be defended at the same time is solved, and the secondary lightning repelling device can be applied to lightning of different intensities.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lightning rejection, and in particular to a double-leakage current shielding lightning rejection device and a lightning rejection method. Background technology:

[0002] Lightning is a discharge phenomenon accompanied by lightning and thunder. It usually occurs in cumulonimbus clouds with vigorous convection development. Therefore, it is often accompanied by strong gusts and heavy rain, and sometimes hail and tornadoes. The top of cumulonimbus clouds is generally high, usually more than 10km. There are often solid particles such as ice crystals and soft hail in the upper part of the cloud. Under the strong convection, soft hail and ice crystals collide with each other, and the charge is transferred. The two carry charges of different polarities. Usually, ice crystals carry positive charges and soft hail carries negative charges. In general, the upper part of the cloud is mainly positively charged, and the lower part is mainly negatively charged. Therefore, a potential difference is formed between the upper and lower parts of the cloud. When the potential difference reaches a certain level, discharge will occur, which is the common lightning phenomenon we see. The average current of lightning is 30,000 amperes, and the maximum current can reach 300,000 amperes. The voltage of lightning is very high, about 100 million to 1 billion volts. The power of a moderate thunderstorm can reach 10 million watts, which is equivalent to the output power of a small nuclear power plant. During the discharge process, the temperature in the lightning channel increases suddenly, causing the air volume to expand rapidly, thus generating shock waves and causing strong thunder. When the charged thundercloud approaches the protrusions on the ground, intense discharge occurs between them. Strong flashes and explosive roars will appear at the lightning discharge site, which is what people see and hear as lightning and thunder. Lightning disasters are an irresistible natural disaster that sometimes endangers human safety and property.

[0003] In order to reduce the harm caused by lightning in the early days, the world generally adopted the installation of lightning rods to solve the problem. The principle of lightning rejection using lightning rods as lightning receptors is: the lightning rod is connected to the ground through a wire, forming an equipotential difference with the ground, and using its own height to enhance the local electric field at the tip of the lightning rod. When the breakdown threshold is exceeded, the lightning rod generates a tip discharge, forming an upward leader discharge (referred to as the upward leader); when the downward leader of the cloud-to-ground lightning (referred to as ground lightning) meets the upward leader at the tip of the lightning rod, the two meet to form a lightning path, which then flows into the earth to achieve the purpose of protecting other buildings and equipment. In fact, the lightning rod is a lightning rod that can attract the surrounding lightning and discharge it in advance, and transmit the lightning current to the ground through its own grounding conductor to avoid the protected object being directly struck by lightning. However, there are many disadvantages to using lightning rods. First, when it is struck by lightning, it will generate a strong induced current in the process of introducing lightning current into the earth, which is particularly destructive to electronic equipment. Secondly, the protective effect of the lightning rod is selective. Moreover, the counter-attack overvoltage on the lightning rod cannot be ignored. In addition, the lightning form also affects the protective effectiveness of the lightning rod.

[0004] With the development of science and technology, lightning repelling products are also constantly evolving. The newly emerging early discharge lightning rods (ESE) on the market can attract more lightning side strikes and bypass strikes, but they are very harmful. There is also a dissipation array system (DAS) that uses the electric field of the thundercloud to act on its array lightning rods to produce plasma through glow discharge, which dissipates the charge of the thundercloud and achieves lightning repelling. However, the plasma generated by its passive generation is far from sufficient for lightning repelling due to the self-screening effect of the electric field, resulting in a high probability of lightning repelling failure, especially the semiconductor lightning arrester with insufficient flow rate is often destroyed by lightning.

[0005] At present, the lightning repelling products that generate plasma by discharge have fixed lightning repelling capabilities according to the size of their discharge capacity. The lightning repelling capabilities of products with large discharge capacity are strong, while those with small discharge capacity are weak. When such lightning repelling products are installed and used, they can generally only defend against minefields with a strength corresponding to the range of their lightning repelling capabilities. For example, lightning repelling products with small discharge capacity can only defend against weak minefields, while lightning repelling products with large discharge capacity can only defend against strong minefields. This is because, if a weak minefield strikes, there is less negative charge below the cloud layer. At this time, if a lightning-rejecting product with a larger discharge capacity is installed below the minefield, the lightning rod will receive less negative charge, and the negative charge transferred to the shell of the lightning-rejecting product will also be less. The positive charge gathered on the ground below corresponding to the minefield will also be less, and the positive charge transferred to the internal electrode of the lightning-rejecting product through the grounding wire will also be less. The negative charge on the shell of the lightning-rejecting product and the positive charge on the internal electrode are not enough to break through the air inside the shell, and no plasma will be generated, and the negative charge in the minefield cannot be neutralized. Therefore, for weak minefields, lightning-rejecting products with a larger discharge capacity cannot achieve the lightning-rejecting effect. On the contrary, lightning-rejecting products with a smaller discharge capacity have the positive charge gathered on their internal electrodes and the negative charge gathered on their shells enough to break through the internal air and generate plasma. The plasma rushes into the minefield through the lightning rod, neutralizes the negative charge in the minefield, and achieves the effect of lightning repelling. On the contrary, if a strong minefield strikes, there will be more negative charges under the cloud layer. At this time, if a lightning repellent product with a smaller discharge capacity is installed under the minefield, the lightning repellent product can generate a certain amount of plasma in the early stage to neutralize some of the negative charges in the minefield. When the negative charges in the minefield are larger and more, the amount of plasma generated by the lightning repellent product with a smaller discharge capacity is far from enough to neutralize the negative charges in the cloud layer, which eventually leads to lightning repellent failure and lightning. Therefore, for a strong minefield, a lightning repellent product with a smaller discharge capacity will not have a lightning repellent effect. On the contrary, a lightning repellent product with a larger discharge capacity can generate a sufficient amount of plasma, in which the positive ions flow into the minefield through the lightning rod, neutralize the negative charges in the minefield, and have a lightning repellent effect.

[0006] To sum up, how to simultaneously develop products that can reject minefields of different intensities has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the industry. Summary of the invention:

[0007] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a double-discharge shielding lightning arrester and a lightning arresting method, which solves the problem that the lightning arresting ability of previous lightning arresting products is fixed and cannot defend against weak minefields and strong minefields at the same time, and can be suitable for lightning of different intensities.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0009] A double-discharge shielding lightning arrester, comprising:

[0010] A primary lightning repelling device, the primary lightning repelling device comprising a primary shell, a plurality of primary discharge components are installed outside the primary shell, a primary electrode is installed inside the primary shell through an insulator, and a gap is provided between the primary electrode and the inner wall of the primary shell;

[0011] A secondary lightning repelling device, the secondary lightning repelling device comprises a secondary shell, the top of the secondary shell is fixedly connected to the bottom of the primary shell through a connecting sleeve, a plurality of secondary discharge assemblies are installed outside the secondary shell, a secondary electrode is arranged inside the secondary shell, the secondary electrode is connected to the primary electrode through a discharge rod arranged in the secondary shell and the connecting sleeve, a gap is arranged between the secondary electrode and the inner wall of the secondary shell, and the secondary electrode is grounded through a grounding wire;

[0012] Preferably, the first-level mine rejection device is used to defend against weak minefields, and the second-level mine rejection device is used to defend against strong minefields.

[0013] Preferably, the primary discharge assembly and the secondary discharge assembly each include a discharge needle, and a plurality of lightning receptors are installed at the outer end of the discharge needle.

[0014] Preferably, the discharge needle is fixed on the primary shell or the secondary shell by a nut, the discharge needle is a telescopic rod, the discharge needles are distributed in a circular array on the primary shell or the secondary shell, and the number of discharge needles on the secondary shell is greater than the number of discharge needles on the primary shell.

[0015] Preferably, the primary shell and the secondary shell are both gourd-shaped metal shells, the volume of the secondary shell is larger than the volume of the primary shell, the primary electrode and the secondary electrode are high-conductivity or superconducting electrodes, and the volume of the secondary electrode is larger than the volume of the primary electrode.

[0016] Preferably, the discharge rod is a hollow rod, and gaps are provided between the discharge rod and the connecting sleeve, the primary shell, and the secondary shell.

[0017] Preferably, the discharge rod and the secondary electrode are fixed to a metal base by bolts, and the metal base is grounded by a grounding wire.

[0018] Preferably, the upper end and the lower end of the connecting sleeve are connected to the primary shell and the secondary shell respectively through fastening flanges.

[0019] Preferably, the secondary electrode is in the shape of a disk, and a plurality of arc grooves are provided along the circumference of the edge of the disk.

[0020] Preferably, the top end of the insulator is fixedly connected to the top of the primary housing, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the discharge rod by bolts.

[0021] A double-discharge shielding lightning repelling method is provided, which comprises a primary lightning repelling device and a secondary lightning repelling device which are assembled in one body. The primary lightning repelling device is used for defending against weak minefields, and the discharge capacity of the secondary lightning repelling device is greater than that of the primary lightning repelling device, and the secondary lightning repelling device is used for defending against strong minefields. For weak minefields, the plasma generated by the primary lightning repelling device is sufficient to neutralize the negative charge in the weak minefield to achieve a lightning repelling effect, and the secondary lightning repelling device does not generate plasma. For strong minefields, the amount of plasma generated by the primary lightning repelling device is far from reaching the level of neutralizing the negative charge in the cloud layer, and the secondary lightning repelling device generates a large amount of plasma during operation, which is sufficient to neutralize the negative charge in the strong minefield to achieve a lightning repelling effect.

[0022] The present invention adopts the above scheme and has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) A two-stage lightning repelling device is used. The first-stage lightning repelling device is used to defend against weak minefields. The discharge capacity of the second-stage lightning repelling device is greater than that of the first-stage lightning repelling device. The second-stage lightning repelling device is used to defend against strong minefields and can be used for lightning of different intensities.

[0024] (2) A plurality of primary discharge components and secondary discharge components are arranged on the shell. Each of the primary discharge component and the secondary discharge component includes a discharge needle. A plurality of lightning receptors are installed at the outer end of the discharge needle. These lightning receptors can quickly accumulate a large amount of negative charge in a short time. Accordingly, a large amount of positive charge will also accumulate on the primary electrode and the secondary electrode, thus shortening the time to break through the air inside the shell, thereby accelerating the process of neutralizing the minefield.

[0025] (3) The discharge needles are mounted on the housing through nuts, the discharge rod and the secondary electrode are fixed to the metal base through bolts, the upper and lower ends of the connecting sleeve are connected to the primary housing and the secondary housing respectively through fastening flanges, and the bottom end of the insulator is fixed to the discharge rod through bolts. The use of nuts, bolts, fastening flanges and other parts facilitates installation and disassembly;

[0026] (4) The bottom of the secondary shell is a threaded design that can gather more negative charges. The secondary electrode is disc-shaped, and a number of arc grooves are provided along the circumference of the edge of the disc. This design can increase the surface area of ​​the secondary electrode and increase the contact area between the positive charge on the secondary electrode and the negative charge on the secondary shell, that is, increase the discharge area of ​​the secondary electrode, thereby generating more plasma, shortening the lightning rejection time, and improving efficiency. Description of the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the secondary electrode structure of the present invention.

[0029] Among them, 1. primary shell, 2. insulator, 3. primary electrode, 4. secondary shell, 5. connecting sleeve, 6. secondary electrode, 7. discharge rod, 8. grounding wire, 9. discharge needle, 10. lightning arrester, 11. metal base. Specific implementation method:

[0030] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1-2 In the embodiment shown, a double leakage current shielding lightning arrester comprises:

[0032] A primary lightning protection device comprises a primary shell 1, a plurality of primary discharge components are installed outside the primary shell 1, a primary electrode 3 is installed inside the primary shell 1 through an insulator 2, and a gap is provided between the primary electrode 3 and the inner wall of the primary shell 1; the insulator 2 can block the positive charge accumulated on the primary electrode 3 from continuing to run in the vertical direction, thereby avoiding direct contact between the top of the primary shell 1 and the primary electrode 3, and avoiding the formation of a passage.

[0033] A secondary lightning rejection device includes a secondary shell 4, the top of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the primary shell 1 by a connecting sleeve 5, a plurality of secondary discharge assemblies are installed outside the secondary shell 4, a secondary electrode 6 is arranged inside the secondary shell 4, the secondary electrode 6 is connected to the primary electrode 3 by a discharge rod 7 arranged in the secondary shell 4 and the connecting sleeve 5, a gap is arranged between the secondary electrode 6 and the inner wall of the secondary shell 4, and the secondary electrode 6 is grounded by a grounding wire 8; the grounding wire 8 can timely lead out unsafe charges or leakage currents generated due to various reasons, and is also called a safety return line. When in danger, it directly transfers high voltage to the earth, which is regarded as a lifeline.

[0034] There are gaps between the primary electrode 3 and the inner wall of the primary shell 1, and between the secondary electrode 6 and the inner wall of the secondary shell 4. There is air in the gaps. When the voltage between the primary electrode 3 and the inner wall of the primary shell 1, and between the secondary electrode 6 and the inner wall of the secondary shell 4 reaches a certain value, discharge can be generated. Only ionized air can generate plasma, and the positive ions in it drift toward the minefield to neutralize the negative charge in the minefield, thereby weakening the minefield and protecting the building.

[0035] The discharge capacity of the secondary lightning repelling device is greater than that of the primary lightning repelling device. The primary lightning repelling device is used to defend against weak minefields, and the secondary lightning repelling device is used to defend against strong minefields. The two-stage lightning repelling device can cope with attacks from minefields of different intensities and better protect buildings.

[0036] The primary discharge component and the secondary discharge component respectively include a discharge needle 9, and a plurality of lightning receptors 10 are installed at the outer end of the discharge needle 9. The use of multiple lightning receptors 10 can receive more negative charges in a short time, so that the shell can accumulate more negative charges faster. Correspondingly, the grounding wire 8 also accumulates more positive charges from the ground, and more positive charges are transmitted to the secondary electrode 6 and the primary electrode 3. The amount of positive and negative charges reaches the amount that breaks through the air in the shell faster, and plasma can be generated faster. The positive ions therein are then transmitted to the mine field to neutralize more negative charges, thereby accelerating the process of lightning rejection.

[0037] The discharge needle 9 is fixed on the primary housing 1 or the secondary housing 4 by a nut. The discharge needle 9 is a telescopic rod. The discharge needle 9 is distributed in a circular array on the primary housing 1 or the secondary housing 4. The number of the discharge needles 9 on the secondary housing 4 is greater than the number of the discharge needles 9 on the primary housing 1. The use of nuts to install the discharge needle 9 is also convenient for installation and replacement. The use of a telescopic rod by the discharge needle 9 can increase the height of the discharge component, enhance the discharge capacity, generate more plasma by discharge, and increase the negative charges neutralized by the positive ions therein.

[0038] The primary shell 1 and the secondary shell 4 are both gourd-shaped metal shells, the volume of the secondary shell 4 is larger than that of the primary shell 1, the primary electrode 3 and the secondary electrode 6 are high-conductivity or superconducting electrodes, the volume of the secondary electrode 6 is larger than that of the primary electrode 3, and the outer shells of ordinary lightning rods are mostly spherical in design. The shell of the device adopts a gourd-shaped metal shell, and multiple spherical shells from small to large are combined from top to bottom. The shell area becomes larger, which increases the area of ​​the shell for gathering negative charges in the lightning field, can gather more negative charges faster, shorten the reaction time, and increase the range of lightning rejection. The primary electrode 3 and the secondary electrode 6 are high-conductivity or superconducting electrodes with strong conductivity.

[0039] The discharge rod 7 is a hollow rod. There are gaps between the discharge rod 7 and the connecting sleeve 5, the primary shell 1, and the secondary shell 4. There is air in the gaps. Only ionized air can generate plasma. In addition, the hollow discharge rod 7 can reduce the weight of the lightning arrester.

[0040] The discharge rod 7 and the secondary electrode 6 are fixed to a metal base 11 by bolts, and the metal base 11 is grounded by a grounding wire 8. The metal base 11 can shorten the length of the grounding wire 8. At the same time, the metal base 11 has a large contact area with the secondary electrode 6, which also shortens the time for the positive charge gathered from the ground to be transmitted to the secondary electrode 6.

[0041] The upper end and the lower end of the connecting sleeve 5 are connected to the primary housing 1 and the secondary housing 4 respectively through fastening flanges, so that the connection between the primary housing 1 and the secondary housing 4 can be more firmly established.

[0042] The secondary electrode 6 is disc-shaped, and a plurality of arc grooves are provided along the circumference of the edge of the disc. The design of the arc grooves can increase the surface area of ​​the secondary electrode 6, increase the discharge area of ​​the positive charge on the secondary electrode 6 and the negative charge on the secondary shell 4, thereby generating more plasma, shortening the lightning rejection time, and improving efficiency.

[0043] The top end of the insulator 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the primary housing 1, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the discharge rod 7 by bolts. The bolt connection is convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0044] A double-discharge shielding lightning repelling method is provided, which comprises a primary lightning repelling device and a secondary lightning repelling device which are assembled in one body. The primary lightning repelling device is used for defending against weak minefields, and the discharge capacity of the secondary lightning repelling device is greater than that of the primary lightning repelling device, and the secondary lightning repelling device is used for defending against strong minefields. For weak minefields, the plasma generated by the primary lightning repelling device is sufficient to neutralize the negative charge in the weak minefield to achieve a lightning repelling effect, and the secondary lightning repelling device does not generate plasma. For strong minefields, the amount of plasma generated by the primary lightning repelling device is far from reaching the level of neutralizing the negative charge in the cloud layer, and the secondary lightning repelling device generates a large amount of plasma during operation, which is sufficient to neutralize the negative charge in the strong minefield to achieve a lightning repelling effect.

[0045] Working principle:

[0046] The device is installed on the top of a building. When there are cumulonimbus clouds with vigorous convection nearby, that is, when a strong thunder field strikes, a large amount of negative charges gather under the clouds. As the clouds approach, several lightning receptors 10 installed at the outer end of the discharge needle 9 on the primary lightning rejection device receive the negative charges in the air and transmit them to the primary shell 1 through the discharge needle 9. As the negative charges are continuously input, more and more negative charges gather on the primary shell 1. Due to the induction of the existence of negative charges, the corresponding grounding wire 8 also continuously gathers positive charges from the ground. The positive charges are transmitted to the primary electrode 3 through the metal base 11, bolts, and discharge rods 7. The primary electrode More and more positive charges are gathered on the first-level shell 1. When the voltage difference between the first-level shell 1 and the first-level electrode 3 reaches a certain value, the air in the first-level shell 1 can be broken down to generate plasma. As the number of plasma increases, the positive ions in it are transmitted to the mine field to neutralize the negative charges around the first-level shell 1. As the negative charges under the cloud continue to gather, the positive charges on the first-level electrode 3 and the negative charges in the air attract each other, and the negative charges under the cloud move downward in a funnel shape. When the negative charges gathered on the first-level shell 1 are so many that the positive ions in the plasma generated by the ionization of the first-level electrode 3 are insufficient to neutralize them, the first-level lightning repellent device loses its function. Lightning rejection function, the excess negative charge continues to move downward and reaches the periphery of the secondary shell 4. Several lightning receptors 10 installed at the outer end of the discharge needle 9 on the secondary lightning rejection device receive the surrounding negative charge, and the negative charge is transmitted to the secondary shell 4 through the discharge needle 9. With the continuous input of negative charge, more and more negative charge gathers on the secondary shell 4. Due to the induction of the existence of negative charge, the corresponding grounding wire 8 also continuously gathers positive charge from the ground. The positive charge reaches the metal base 11 through the grounding wire 8 and is then transmitted to the secondary electrode 6. The positive charge gathered on the secondary electrode 6 is increasing. When the secondary shell 4 and the secondary electrode 6 are connected, the positive charge gathers on the secondary shell 4. When the voltage difference between the two electrodes reaches a certain value, the air in the secondary housing 4 can be broken down, and high-density plasma can be generated by ionization, that is, under the excitation of the thundercloud electric field, a dissipated plasma greater than 30mC / s (i.e., a dissipated current greater than 30mA) can be generated, which effectively neutralizes and attracts positive and negative charges, and can neutralize the charge between the thundercloud and the earth above 10C within 5 minutes. The ions usually float at a distance of more than 800m. As the negative charges under the cloud layer continuously fill the negative charges consumed around the secondary housing 4, the negative charges in the cloud layer are neutralized, and the amount of lightning formation cannot be reached, and the thundercloud can be quickly weakened, thereby achieving the effect of avoiding strong lightning. In addition, even if the amount of negative charge is so much that the plasma generated by the ionization of the secondary housing 4 and the secondary electrode 6 cannot be neutralized, since the metal base 11 below the secondary electrode 6 is connected to the grounding wire 8, these uneasy negative charges can also be transmitted to the earth through the grounding wire 8, thereby transferring the dangerous high voltage to the earth.

[0047] When there are cumulonimbus clouds with less convective development nearby, that is, when a weak minefield strikes, a small amount of negative charge is gathered under the cloud layer. As the cloud layer approaches, several lightning receptors 10 installed at the outer end of the discharge needle 9 on the primary lightning rejection device receive the negative charge in the air, and the negative charge is transmitted to the primary shell 1 through the discharge needle 9. As the negative charge is continuously input, more and more negative charge gathers on the primary shell 1. Due to the induction of the existence of negative charge, the corresponding grounding wire 8 also continuously gathers positive charge from the ground. The positive charge is transmitted to the primary electrode 3 through the metal base 11, bolts, and discharge rods 7. The positive charge gathered on the primary electrode 3 is increasing. When the voltage difference between the primary shell 1 and the primary electrode 3 reaches a certain value, the air in the primary shell 1 can be broken down to generate plasma. As the number of plasma increases, the positive ions therein continuously neutralize the negative charge around the primary shell 1. As the negative charge under the cloud layer continuously fills the negative charge consumed around the primary shell 1, the negative charge in the cloud layer is neutralized and does not reach the amount of lightning formation, thereby achieving the effect of avoiding the generation of weak lightning, and the secondary lightning rejection device does not need to work.

[0048] The above specific implementation manner cannot be used as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any substitution, improvement or change made to the implementation manner of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] The matters not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A double leakage shielding lightning arrester, characterized in that: include: A primary lightning repelling device, the primary lightning repelling device comprising a primary shell, a plurality of primary discharge components are installed outside the primary shell, a primary electrode is installed inside the primary shell through an insulator, and a gap is provided between the primary electrode and the inner wall of the primary shell; A secondary lightning repelling device, the secondary lightning repelling device comprises a secondary shell, the top of the secondary shell is fixedly connected to the bottom of the primary shell through a connecting sleeve, a plurality of secondary discharge assemblies are installed outside the secondary shell, a secondary electrode is arranged inside the secondary shell, the secondary electrode is connected to the primary electrode through a discharge rod arranged in the secondary shell and the connecting sleeve, a gap is arranged between the secondary electrode and the inner wall of the secondary shell, and the secondary electrode is grounded through a grounding wire; The discharge capacity of the secondary lightning repelling device is greater than that of the primary lightning repelling device. The primary lightning repelling device is used to defend against weak minefields, and the secondary lightning repelling device is used to defend against strong minefields.

2. The double leakage shielding lightning arrester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The primary discharge component and the secondary discharge component each include a discharge needle, and a plurality of lightning receptors are installed at the outer end of the discharge needle.

3. The double leakage current shielding lightning arrester according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The discharge needle is fixed on the primary shell or the secondary shell by a nut. The discharge needle is a telescopic rod. The discharge needles are distributed in a circular array on the primary shell or the secondary shell. The number of discharge needles on the secondary shell is greater than the number of discharge needles on the primary shell.

4. The double leakage current shielding lightning arrester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The primary shell and the secondary shell are both gourd-shaped metal shells, the volume of the secondary shell is larger than that of the primary shell, the primary electrode and the secondary electrode are high-conductivity or superconducting electrodes, and the volume of the secondary electrode is larger than that of the primary electrode.

5. The double leakage shielding lightning arrester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The discharge rod is a hollow rod, and gaps are arranged between the discharge rod and the connecting sleeve, the primary shell, and the secondary shell.

6. The double leakage current shielding lightning arrester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The discharge rod and the secondary electrode are fixed on a metal base through bolts, and the metal base is grounded through a grounding wire.

7. The double leakage current shielding lightning arrester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper end and the lower end of the connecting sleeve are connected to the primary shell and the secondary shell respectively through fastening flanges.

8. The double leakage current shielding lightning arrester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The secondary electrode is in the shape of a disk, and a plurality of arc grooves are arranged along the circumference of the edge of the disk.

9. The double leakage current shielding lightning arrester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top end of the insulator is fixedly connected to the top of the primary housing, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the discharge rod through bolts.

10. A lightning arresting method of the double leakage current shielding lightning arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that: By assembling a first-level lightning repelling device and a second-level lightning repelling device in one body, the first-level lightning repelling device is used to defend against weak minefields, and the discharge capacity of the second-level lightning repelling device is greater than that of the first-level lightning repelling device, and the second-level lightning repelling device is used to defend against strong minefields; for weak minefields, the plasma generated by the first-level lightning repelling device is sufficient to neutralize the negative charges in the weak minefield to achieve a lightning repelling effect, and the second-level lightning repelling device will not generate plasma; for strong minefields, the amount of plasma generated by the first-level lightning repelling device is far from enough to neutralize the negative charges in the cloud layer, and the second-level lightning repelling device generates a large amount of plasma, which is sufficient to neutralize the negative charges in the strong minefield to achieve a lightning repelling effect.

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