A low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid

Abstract

The present application discloses a low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid, comprising an air heater, a water cooling section, a mixing grid section and a rectifying section which are detachably connected in sequence and have airflow communication therewith; the mixing grid section comprises a mixing cover and a grid plate; the mixing cover comprises a fixedly connected cover plate and an annular cover body, the cover body is provided with a mixing air nozzle which can be communicated with external cold air, and the cover plate is provided with a plurality of cover plate holes; the grid plate comprises a plate body and a plurality of hollow sleeves which can be plugged into each of the cover plate holes, the sleeves penetrate the plate body and extend to the outer side of the cover plate holes, and in addition, the plate body is provided with a plurality of injection holes. The above-mentioned low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid can efficiently obtain heated air at a relatively low temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aerospace technology, and in particular to a low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid. Background Art

[0002] Gas generators or air heaters based on the principle of multi-array discrete nozzle injection combustion in rocket engines are widely used in the aerospace field. They organize the combustion of oxidizer and fuel according to the mixing ratio required by the design to obtain fuel gas that meets certain pressure, temperature, flow and speed parameter requirements to achieve specific purposes, such as generating induced airflow, driving turbines, generating ejection airflow, etc. The system is simple and reliable, non-toxic and pollution-free, repeatable and quick to start.

[0003] Among them, the air heater is an important part of the ground wind tunnel equipment. It is generally used to simulate the total temperature and total pressure airflow state of the aircraft when it is flying at high altitude and high speed. The air heater generally needs to keep the oxygen content in the combustion products unchanged, so additional oxygen consumed by combustion needs to be added.

[0004] Ground wind tunnels are divided into external flow wind tunnels and internal flow wind tunnels. External flow wind tunnels are generally used to study the aerodynamic performance of the outer surface of aircraft. Internal flow wind tunnels are also called propulsion wind tunnels and are generally used to study the combustion performance of air-breathing engines. The total temperature index is a key performance parameter of the heater. Different total temperatures correspond to different simulated trajectory ranges of aircraft.

[0005] Under low total temperature conditions, the traditional heater solution that uses injection panels for centralized combustion heating faces the characteristics of excessive air mixing, difficulty in heater ignition and low combustion efficiency, and there are great difficulties in organizing combustion inside the heater. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid, which can efficiently obtain heated air at a relatively low temperature. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0007] A low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid, comprising an air heater, a water cooling section, a mixing grid section and a rectifying section which are detachably connected in sequence and have airflow communication;

[0008] The mixing grid section includes a mixing cover and a grid plate;

[0009] The mixing cover comprises a cover plate and an annular cover body which are fixedly connected to each other, the cover body is provided with a mixing air nozzle which can be connected with external cold air, and the cover plate is provided with a plurality of cover plate holes;

[0010] The grid plate includes a plate body and a plurality of hollow sleeves arranged thereon and pluggable with the cover plate holes. The sleeves penetrate the plate body and extend to the outer side of the cover plate holes. In addition, a plurality of injection holes are also arranged on the plate body.

[0011] Preferably, the sleeves are arranged at intervals and distributed in an array along the circumference of the plate body.

[0012] Preferably, the injection holes are distributed in an array along the outer circumference of the sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the water cooling section comprises a sleeved external water cooling shell and an internal interlayer, the outer surface of the interlayer is provided with a plurality of cooling water channels extending along its axial direction, and the inner part of the interlayer is an air receiving cavity;

[0014] The first cooling water collecting trough and the second cooling water collecting trough are respectively provided at the two ends of the inner side of the water-cooled shell, and the two ends are respectively connected with the two ends of the cooling water channel; the first cooling water nozzle and the second cooling water nozzle are also respectively provided at the two ends of the outer side of the water-cooled shell, wherein the first cooling water collecting trough is connected with the first cooling water nozzle, and the second cooling water collecting trough is connected with the second cooling water nozzle.

[0015] Preferably, the water cooling section and the straightening section are connected via a first flange and a second flange; the first flange is arranged at the end of the water cooling section, the second flange is arranged at the front end of the straightening section, and the mixing grid section is arranged between the first flange and the second flange.

[0016] Preferably, a discharge outlet is provided at the end of the rectifying section.

[0017] It can be seen from the above scheme that the present application provides a low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid, and the air heater has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The high-temperature air of 1600-1800K generated by the air heater in the present invention passes through the water cooling section and the mixing grid section in sequence, thereby cooling the high-temperature air to 400-900K. Due to the structural setting of the mixing grid section, the obtained low-temperature air has better uniformity, which is conducive to the real simulation of the inflow conditions of the next stage of the aircraft engine combustion chamber.

[0019] 2. The present invention realizes a method of isolating the high temperature zone and the low temperature zone through a water cooling section and a mixing grid section. The high temperature zone works independently to ensure reliable ignition and high-efficiency combustion performance. The low temperature zone is used for temperature adjustment to obtain a more accurate temperature adjustment range.

[0020] 3. The mixing grid section of the present invention is used for uniform mixing of the temperature-adjusting air on the one hand, and for rectifying the heated air after mixing on the other hand, thereby ensuring the outlet quality of the heater air.

[0021] 4. The high temperature zone of the present invention adopts a water cooling channel design on the wall, which can work for a long time.

[0022] 5. In the present invention, the air in the mixing grid section can be ejected in countercurrent, which can prevent the high-temperature gas generated by the direct combustion of the heater from directly flushing the mixing grid section, thereby effectively thermally isolating the mixing grid section and enabling it to meet the needs of long-term work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The main view of

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA plane cross-sectional view;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 BB section view;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the middle CC plane;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle interlayer;

[0030] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle mixing grid section;

[0031] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-section three-dimensional structure;

[0032] Fig. 9 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle grille plate;

[0033] Fig.10 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mixing cover.

[0034] Figure numerals: 1 air heater; 2 water cooling section; 20 water cooling shell; 200 first cooling water collecting trough; 201 second cooling water collecting trough; 21 interlayer; 210 cooling water channel; 23 first flange; 24 first cooling water nozzle; 25 second flange; 26 second cooling water nozzle; 3 mixing grid section; 30 mixing cover; 301 cover body; 302 cover plate; 303 cover plate hole; 31 grid plate; 310 sleeve; 311 injection hole; 32 mixing air nozzle; 4 rectification section; 40 discharge outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1-10 , Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The main view of Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA plane cross-sectional view; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 BB section view; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the middle CC plane; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle interlayer; Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle mixing grid section; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-section three-dimensional structure; Fig. 9 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle grille plate; Fig.10 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mixing cover.

[0037] The present application provides a low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid, comprising an air heater 1, a water cooling section 2, a mixing grid section 3 and a rectifying section 4. The parts are detachably connected and the airflow is connected, and the parts are arranged in sequence from front to back along the airflow direction.

[0038] The heated air flow generated by the air heater 1 passes through the water cooling section 2, the mixing grid section 3 and the rectifying section 4 in sequence, and finally discharges the heated air with the required parameters. The air heater 1 adopts the air heater in the prior art, which can heat the air to 1600-1800K. The end of the rectifying section 4 is provided with an exhaust port 40, which is convenient for the exhaust of the air flow to provide the next stage of the engine.

[0039] In the above-mentioned low total temperature air heater, the mixing grid section 3 includes a mixing cover 30 and a grid plate 31 .

[0040] The mixing cover 30 includes a cover plate 302 and an annular cover body 301 that are fixedly connected to each other. The two can be integrally formed to form a cylindrical receiving cavity with one side bottom surface open, which is used to receive the grid plate 31. In addition, the cover body 301 is provided with a mixing air nozzle 32 that can be connected to the external cold air, and the cover plate 302 is provided with a plurality of cover plate holes 303.

[0041] The grid plate 31 includes a plate body and a plurality of hollow sleeves 310 arranged thereon and matched with each cover plate hole 303. Usually, the cover plate hole 303 can be set as a cylindrical through hole, and the sleeve 310 is correspondingly set as a hollow cylinder. Of course, other matching shapes of the two are also feasible. Each sleeve 310 penetrates the plate body and extends to the outer side of the cover plate hole 303, that is, the sleeve 310 is a hollow sleeve that penetrates the whole body. The sleeves 310 are preferably arranged at intervals and distributed in an array along the circumference of the plate body.

[0042] In addition, a plurality of injection holes 311 are provided on the plate body, and the injection holes 311 can be distributed in an array along the outer periphery of each sleeve 310 .

[0043] In the above-mentioned low total temperature air heater, after the hot air passes through the water cooling section 2 for the first cooling, it usually cannot meet the cooling demand, so the second cooling is further achieved by setting the mixing grid section 3. The principle of the second cooling is as follows:

[0044] In the mixing grid section 3, external cold air can flow to the gaps between the sleeves 310 through the mixing air nozzle 32, cool down the sleeves 310, and then cool down the hot air flowing through the sleeves 310; at the same time, after the cold air fills the gaps between the sleeves 310, it will be counter-flowed through the injection hole 311 to the inside of the water cooling section 2, that is, it will be sprayed from one side of the plate body of the grid plate 31 to the side away from the mixing cover 30, which is opposite to the flow direction of the hot air, so that the cold air can be mixed with the hot air in the water cooling section for cooling. The counter-flow sprayed cold air can also take into account the role of protecting the plate body of the grid plate 3 to prevent it from being invaded by hot air.

[0045] After the second cooling, the hot air can reach a low temperature in the range of 400-900K. The mixed air enters the rectifying section 4 through the sleeve 310 for rectification, so that the temperature uniformity of the hot air obtained is better.

[0046] In the above-mentioned low total temperature air heater, the water cooling section 2 can be further provided with:

[0047] The water cooling section 2 includes a sleeved external water cooling shell 20 and an internal interlayer 21. The outer surface of the interlayer 21 is provided with a plurality of cooling water channels 210 extending along its axial direction. The cooling water channels 210 are usually evenly distributed. The interlayer 21 is a hot air receiving chamber.

[0048] The first cooling water collecting groove 200 and the second cooling water collecting groove 201 are respectively provided at the two ends of the inner side of the water-cooled shell 20, and the two are respectively connected with the two ends of each cooling water channel 210; the first cooling water nozzle 24 and the second cooling water nozzle 26 are also respectively provided at the two ends of the outer side of the water-cooled shell 20, wherein the first cooling water collecting groove 200 is connected with the first cooling water nozzle 24, and the second cooling water collecting groove 201 is connected with the second cooling water nozzle 26.

[0049] During use, the cooling water enters the first cooling water collecting tank 200 through the first cooling water nozzle 24, and then flows through the cooling water channel 210 of the interlayer to the second cooling water collecting tank 201, and then flows out through the second cooling water nozzle 26. Conversely, the cooling water enters through the second cooling water nozzle 26 and flows out of the first cooling water nozzle 24. In this way, a cooling water circulation is formed to cool the internal interlayer 21 of the water cooling section 2, which has a protective effect. At the same time, when the hot air heated by the air heater 1 flows to the water cooling section 2, the cooling water can cool down the hot air.

[0050] In addition, the water cooling section 2 and the rectifying section 4 can be connected through the first flange 23 and the second flange 25; the first flange 23 is arranged at the end of the water cooling section 2, the second flange 25 is arranged at the front end of the rectifying section 4, and the mixing grid section 3 is arranged between the first flange 23 and the second flange 25, which facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the mixing grid section 3.

[0051] The "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) referred to in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods or devices.

[0052] It should be noted that the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in this application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0053] Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A low total temperature air heater with a rectifier grid, It is characterized in that It comprises an air heater (1), a water cooling section (2), a mixing grid section (3) and a rectifying section (4) which are detachably connected in sequence and have airflow communication with each other; The mixing grid section (3) comprises a mixing cover (30) and a grid plate (31); The mixing cover (30) comprises a cover plate (302) and an annular cover body (301) which are fixedly connected to each other; the cover body (301) is provided with a mixing air nozzle (32) which can be connected to external cold air; and the cover plate (302) is provided with a plurality of cover plate holes (303); The grid plate (31) comprises a plate body and a plurality of hollow sleeves (310) arranged thereon and capable of being plugged into the cover plate holes (303); the sleeves (310) penetrate the plate body and extend to the outer side of the cover plate holes (303); in addition, the plate body is also provided with a plurality of injection holes (311); The cover plate hole (303) is a cylindrical through hole, the sleeve (310) is a hollow cylinder, and the sleeves (310) are arranged at intervals and are distributed along the circumference of the plate body.

2. The low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid according to claim 1, Features: The sleeves (310) are arranged at intervals and distributed in an array along the circumference of the plate body.

3. The low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid according to claim 1, Features: The injection holes (311) are distributed in an array along the outer circumference of the sleeve (310).

4. The low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Features: The water cooling section (2) comprises a sleeved external water cooling shell (20) and an internal interlayer (21); the outer surface of the interlayer (21) is provided with a plurality of cooling water channels (210) extending along its axial direction; and the interior of the interlayer (21) is an air receiving cavity; The water-cooling shell (20) is provided with a first cooling water collecting groove (200) and a second cooling water collecting groove (201) at two ends of the inner side, and the two are respectively connected to the two ends of the cooling water channel (210); the water-cooling shell (20) is also provided with a first cooling water nozzle (24) and a second cooling water nozzle (26) at two ends of the outer side, wherein the first cooling water collecting groove (200) is connected to the first cooling water nozzle (24), and the second cooling water collecting groove (201) is connected to the second cooling water nozzle (26).

5. The low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid according to claim 3, Features: The water cooling section (2) and the rectifying section (4) are connected via a first flange (23) and a second flange (25); the first flange (23) is arranged at the end of the water cooling section (2), the second flange (25) is arranged at the front end of the rectifying section (4), and the mixing grid section (3) is arranged between the first flange (23) and the second flange (25).

6. The low total temperature air heater with a rectifying grid according to claim 1, Features: The end of the rectifying section (4) is provided with a discharge outlet (40).

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