Device and method for carrying retroreflective value of Lambertian body

Abstract

The device and method for measuring the retroreflection value carried by a Lambertian body belong to the field of traffic safety. The device includes a measuring radiation source, a spectral sensor, a spatial adjuster, a bidirectional positioner, and a two-dimensional aligner. The spectral sensor is used to collect the spectral data of the measuring radiation source and the spectral data of the reflected light of the Lambertian body, and calculate and adjust the correlated color temperature and the retroreflection value curve of the measured Lambertian body under different postures and angle combinations. This patent uses the changes in the spectral data of the measuring radiation source itself and the spectral data after being reflected by the Lambertian body to obtain the retroreflection value carried by the Lambertian body. This patent automatically adjusts the correlated color temperature of the measuring radiation source to ensure the accuracy of each measurement result. This patent uses a Lambertian body to carry the retroreflection value, so that the retroreflection value can be stored for a long time through a stable Lambertian body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a device and a method for carrying a retroreflective value of a Lambertian body, and belongs to the field of traffic safety. Background Art

[0002] Traffic safety facilities: mainly include reflective film, traffic signs, markings, raised road signs, road spikes, contour markers, and guide signs.

[0003] Retroreflection value: mainly includes retroreflection coefficient, retroreflection brightness coefficient, luminous intensity coefficient, etc.

[0004] Retroreflective measuring instrument: mainly includes retroreflective sign measuring instrument, retroreflective road marking measuring instrument, and raised road sign measuring instrument.

[0005] Retroreflective standards: mainly include signs, markings or raised road signs that carry traceable values.

[0006] Reference material: a substance that carries a traceable value.

[0007] 2856K: A standard value that corresponds to the color temperature of CIE standard illuminant A and can be achieved by adjusting voltage and current.

[0008] Photopic function: A function established by CIE that is recognized both domestically and internationally. It was originally calculated by having several people observe the same objects. The instrument should be adjusted at the factory so that the instrument and the photopic function match within 7%.

[0009] In recent years, the number of deaths in traffic accidents has continued to rise. Statistics show that the probability of traffic accidents related to traffic safety facilities and pedestrian clothing with retro-reflective functions is 70%. Since the world's first traffic sign made of retro-reflective materials was introduced in the United States in 1937, road traffic safety facilities have attracted worldwide attention for their unique retro-reflective properties and their great effect on nighttime driving safety. Vivid traffic signs, markings and clothing can significantly reduce the rate of traffic accidents. Road traffic safety facilities provide prompts and guidance for road traffic through the driver's visual recognition of their shape, color, characters, patterns and other information. Road traffic safety facilities mainly include road traffic signs, road traffic markings and raised road signs. The reflection principle is based on a special structured optical material that can reflect light back to the light source - retro-reflective material. The main measuring equipment is a retro-reflectometer. The testing principle of the retro-reflectometer is the substitution method, which relies on standard substances with retro-reflective values.

[0010] Currently, there is no public device or method for using a Lambertian body to carry the retroreflection value. Generally, a retroreflector is used to carry the retroreflection value. The corresponding device is a retroreflection measurement standard device or a retroreflection standard, and the corresponding method is a ratio method, a direct luminous intensity method, a direct brightness method, and a substitution method.

[0011] The current technology has the following disadvantages: 1) The retroreflector has a short life and a large annual change. 2) The retroreflector has poor uniformity. Summary of the invention

[0012] The device for carrying the retroreflection value of the Lambertian body includes a measuring radiation source, a spectral sensor, a spatial adjuster, a bidirectional positioner, and a two-dimensional aligner. The hardware connection diagram is shown in Figure 1 shown.

[0013] The outer frame 4 is a closed cube, the interior of the outer frame is black and non-reflective, and external light cannot enter the interior of the outer frame. When the measured Lambertian body is installed, the bottom and both sides of the outer frame can be removed; a two-dimensional aligner is installed on the outer frame, and the long side of the two-dimensional aligner is parallel to the long side of the upper part of the outer frame; a measuring cabinet 3, a two-way positioner 10 and a placement cabinet 6 are installed on the two-dimensional aligner 5; a drive controller 2 is installed on the measuring cabinet, and a measuring radiation source is installed on the drive controller, and an adjustable aperture is installed on the right end of the measuring radiation source 1; the drive controller can provide a controllable stable voltage and current to drive the measuring radiation source to emit radiant light; the drive controller can receive spectral data output by the spectral sensor; a spectral sensor is installed on the two-way positioner, and the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor is perpendicular to the long side of the two-dimensional aligner; the two-way positioner can control the spectral sensor so that the distance between the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor and the center of the measuring radiation source is It is continuously adjustable, and the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor and the aperture of the measuring radiation source are in the same plane; the bidirectional positioner can control the spectrum sensor 9, so that the spectrum sensor moves to the right, and the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor is aligned with the measuring radiation source, the measuring axis passes through the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measuring radiation source, and the positioning laser intersects with the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor; the positioning laser and the space adjuster are installed on the placement cabinet; the measured Lambertian body is fixed on the space adjuster, so that the measured Lambertian body can rotate with the space adjuster; the center point of rotation of the space adjuster is on the axis of the positioning laser, and the space adjuster 7 can be moved so that the center line of the measured Lambertian body coincides with the axis of the positioning laser; the center axis of the aperture of the measuring radiation source is parallel to the long side of the two-dimensional aligner and passes through the midpoint of the measured Lambertian body 8; the measuring axis 11 is parallel to the long side of the upper part of the outer frame, and is perpendicular to the side lines on the left and right sides of the outer frame.

[0014] The device for carrying the retroreflection value of a Lambertian body described in this patent is composed of a measuring radiation source, a spectral sensor, a spatial adjuster, a bidirectional positioner, a two-dimensional aligner and the like.

[0015] Figure 1Here, cs means the spectral sensor is in the initial position or down position, and gw means the Lambertian body being measured is in the initial position or home position.

[0016] Figure 3 Here, tw means the Lambertian body being measured is in the de-emphasized state, and sw means the spectral sensor is in the dominant state.

[0017] The overall technical solution implementation process is as follows:

[0018] (1) Remove the bottom and two sides of the outer frame, install the measured Lambertian body on the space adjuster, and install the bottom and two sides of the outer frame.

[0019] (2) Power on the device to allow all components to preheat.

[0020] (3) The driving controller outputs an initial voltage and current, lights up the measurement radiation source, and waits for the measurement radiation source to emit radiation stably.

[0021] (4) Figure 3 As shown, the space adjuster drives the measured Lambertian body to move vertically downward and deviate from the initial position (the initial position is as shown in Figure 1 gw in the figure), so that the measured Lambertian body cannot be illuminated by the light emitted by the measured radiation source at all, and after the spectrum sensor is lowered, the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor can be passed by the measurement axis, that is, the measured Lambertian body is in abdication state (such as Figure 3 (in Chinese).

[0022] (5) The spectral sensor begins to measure and record the stray light within the outer frame.

[0023] (6) The spectral sensor moves toward the cabinet under the drive of the bidirectional positioner, first moving to the right along the two-dimensional aligner. When it moves to the top of the measured Lambertian body, the bidirectional positioner moves downward and rotates the spectral sensor so that the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor faces the plane where the measurement radiation source is located, and the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor and the center of the measurement radiation source are on the same horizontal line, that is, they are passed by the measured axis at the same time, and the locating laser intersects the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor. The photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor faces the opposite direction of the irradiation direction of the measurement radiation source, that is, the spectral sensor is in the SW state.

[0024] (7) The spectral sensor collects and measures the spectral data of the radiation source and calculates the correlated color temperature.

[0025] (8) If the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source does not meet the requirements, the drive controller changes the voltage and current so that the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source changes. When the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source is too low, the output voltage and current values ​​of the drive controller are increased; when the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source is too high, the output voltage and current values ​​of the drive controller are decreased. The requirement for the correlated color temperature is 2856K.

[0026] (9) When the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source meets the requirements, the spectral sensor collects spectral data DATA1 and transmits it to the drive controller.

[0027] (10) Figure 1 As shown in cs, the spectrum sensor is in the lower state, that is, it moves toward the measuring cabinet driven by the bidirectional positioner, so that the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor and the aperture of the measuring radiation source are in the same plane, and the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor is oriented in the same direction as the irradiation direction of the measuring radiation source.

[0028] (11) The Lambertian body under test returns to its original position under the drive of the spatial adjuster, such as Figure 1 In gw, the laser emitted by the positioning laser coincides with the midline of the Lambertian body to be measured, and the angle between the long side of the Lambertian body to be measured and the horizontal direction is β.

[0029] (12) Assume that the distance between the midpoint of the measuring radiation source aperture and the midpoint of the measured Lambertian body is b. Driven by the bidirectional positioner, the distance L between the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor and the center of the measuring radiation source satisfies the following requirement: tanθ=b / L, where θ is the angle between the line connecting the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor to the center of the measured Lambertian body and the line connecting the midpoint of the measuring radiation source aperture to the center of the measured Lambertian body.

[0030] (13) The spatial adjuster is initialized so that the long side of the measured Lambertian body is parallel to the horizontal direction.

[0031] (14) Driven by the spatial adjuster, the angle β between the long side of the measured Lambertian body and the horizontal direction varies from -180° to 180°.

[0032] (15) b is adjusted accordingly so that the range of θ is (0°~90°).

[0033] (16) The spectral sensor continuously collects spectral data DATA2.

[0034] (17) After traversing all the above angle combinations of β and θ, the retroreflection value curve of the measured Lambertian body is calculated. The calculation method is as follows: after multiplying DATA1 by the photopic function of the spectral sensor, integrate it in the corresponding wavelength range to obtain the total flux D1 in the corresponding wavelength range; after multiplying DATA2 by the photopic function of the spectral sensor, integrate it in the corresponding wavelength range to obtain the total flux D2 in the corresponding wavelength range; the total flux D2 is divided by the total flux D1, and multiplied by the correction number k, the retroreflection value curve under the corresponding β and θ can be obtained. With β as the x-axis, θ as the y-axis, and the calculated retroreflection value as the z-axis, a three-dimensional graph of the retroreflection value is drawn. When the instrument used with the standard material has a design value of measurement area of ​​s1 and an effective area of ​​the standard material of s2, then k = (L×L×s1) / (s2×s2×cos(β-1.05°)). Among them, 1.05° is the observation angle of the retroreflection measuring instrument using the Lambertian body, and β is the angle between the long side of the measured Lambertian body and the horizontal direction. S1 is given in the manual of the instrument used with the standard material, that is, when the instrument used with the standard material measures the road traffic marking, the spot area of ​​the illumination beam irradiated on the measured road traffic marking. S2 is the spot area of ​​the illumination beam irradiated on the standard material when the instrument used with the standard material is calibrated using the standard material.

[0035] s1 and s2 can be measured using measuring tools such as vernier calipers.

[0036] This patent realizes the automatic measurement of retroreflective value of Lambertian body.

[0037] This patent has excellent applicability and can carry various photometric properties of traffic safety facilities such as retroreflection coefficient, retroreflection brightness coefficient, and luminous intensity coefficient on a Lambertian body.

[0038] The cost of this patent is lower than the currently commonly used method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of hardware connection of the device for carrying the retroreflection value of the Lambertian body

[0040] Figure 1In the figure, 1 is the measuring radiation source, 1-1 is the aperture of the measuring radiation source, 2 is the driving controller, 3 is the measuring cabinet, 4 is the outer frame, 5 is the two-dimensional aligner, 6 is the placement cabinet, 7 is the space adjuster, 8 is the measured Lambertian body, 9 is the spectral sensor, 9-1 is the photosensitive surface on the spectral sensor, 10 is the bidirectional positioner, 11 is the measuring axis, a is the positioning laser, b is the distance from the midpoint of the measuring radiation source aperture to the midpoint of the measured Lambertian body, β is the angle between the long side of the measured Lambertian body and the horizontal direction, β will change as the measured Lambertian body rotates, and L is the distance from the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor to the center of the measuring radiation source. cs is the spectral sensor in the initial position or the lower position, and gw is the measured Lambertian body in the initial position or the return position. This patent can be used as follows Figure 1 It can also be rotated ±90° to work as shown.

[0041] Figure 2 Technical solution flow chart of device and method for carrying retroreflective value of Lambertian body

[0042] Figure 3 Location Figure 2

[0043] Figure 4 Technical solution flow chart of specific example 1 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] (1) Remove the bottom and two sides of the outer frame, install the white mean value ceramic plate on the space adjuster, and install the bottom and two sides of the outer frame.

[0045] (2) Power on the device to allow all components to preheat.

[0046] (3) The driving controller outputs an initial voltage and current, lights up the measurement radiation source, and waits for the measurement radiation source to emit radiation stably.

[0047] (4) The spatial adjuster drives the white mean ceramic plate to be measured to deviate from the initial position.

[0048] (5) The spectral sensor begins to measure and record the stray light within the outer frame.

[0049] (6) The spectral sensor is driven by the bidirectional positioner to move toward the cabinet where it is placed, and the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor is aligned with the measurement radiation source. The center of the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor and the center of the measurement radiation source are on the same horizontal line, and the positioning laser intersects with the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor.

[0050] (7) The spectral sensor collects and measures the spectral data of the radiation source and calculates the correlated color temperature.

[0051] (8) If the difference between the measured color temperature of the radiation source and the design color temperature exceeds 6K, the drive controller changes the voltage and current so that the measured color temperature of the radiation source changes. When the measured color temperature of the radiation source is lower than the design color temperature, the output voltage and current of the drive controller are increased; when the measured color temperature of the radiation source is higher than the design color temperature, the output voltage and current of the drive controller are decreased.

[0052] (9) When the difference between the measured correlated color temperature of the radiation source and the designed color temperature does not exceed 6K, the spectrum sensor collects the spectrum data DATA1 of the radiation source and transmits it to the drive controller.

[0053] (10) The spectral sensor is reset and moved toward the measuring cabinet driven by the bidirectional positioner so that the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor and the aperture of the measuring radiation source are in the same plane.

[0054] (11) The measured white mean ceramic plate is reset under the drive of the space adjuster, so that the laser emitted by the positioning laser coincides with the center line of the measured white mean ceramic plate, and the angle between the long side of the measured white mean ceramic plate and the horizontal direction is β.

[0055] (12) Assume that the distance between the midpoint of the measuring radiation source aperture and the midpoint of the measured white mean ceramic plate is b. Driven by the bidirectional positioner, the distance L between the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor and the center of the measuring radiation source satisfies the following requirement: b / L=tan1.05°, where 1.05° is the angle between the line from the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor to the center of the measured white mean ceramic plate and the line from the midpoint of the measuring radiation source aperture to the center of the measured white mean ceramic plate.

[0056] (13) The spatial adjuster is initialized so that the long side of the white mean value ceramic plate to be measured is parallel to the horizontal direction.

[0057] (14) Driven by the spatial adjuster, the angle β between the long side of the measured white mean ceramic plate and the horizontal direction varies in the range of (80°~90°).

[0058] (15) The spectral sensor continuously collects spectral data DATA2.

[0059] (16) The retroreflection value curve of the measured white mean ceramic plate is calculated as follows: DATA1 is multiplied by the photopic function of the spectral sensor, and then the integral is calculated in the wavelength range of 380nm to 780nm to obtain the total flux D1 in the wavelength range of 380nm to 780nm; DATA2 is multiplied by the photopic function of the spectral sensor, and then the integral is calculated in the wavelength range of 380nm to 780nm to obtain the total flux D2 in the wavelength range of 380nm to 780nm; the total flux D2 is divided by the total flux D1, and then multiplied by the correction number k to obtain the retroreflection brightness coefficient of the white mean ceramic plate.

[0060] This patent utilizes the changes in the spectral data of the measured radiation source itself and the spectral data after being reflected by the Lambertian body to obtain the retroreflection value carried by the Lambertian body.

[0061] This patent automatically adjusts the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source to ensure the accuracy of each measurement result.

[0062] This patent uses a Lambertian body to carry the retroreflective value, so that the retroreflective value can be preserved for a long time through the stable Lambertian body.

[0063] The automatic adjustment of the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source is realized. Specifically, (7) the spectral sensor collects the spectral data of the measured radiation source and calculates the correlated color temperature. The controller is driven to change the voltage and current to adjust the correlated color temperature. This fast convergence process is difficult to achieve.

[0064] The retroreflective performance of the Lambertian body is very weak. General methods, such as using a illuminance meter, cannot receive weak signals. The method proposed in the patent solves the problem of perceiving weak signals from the perspective of total luminous flux.

Claims

1. A device for carrying a retroreflective value of a Lambertian body, characterized in that: It includes a measuring radiation source, a spectrum sensor, a space adjuster, a two-way positioner and a two-dimensional aligner; the outer frame is a closed cube; the two-dimensional aligner is installed on the outer frame, and the long side of the two-dimensional aligner is parallel to the long side of the upper part of the outer frame; the measuring cabinet, the two-way positioner and the placement cabinet are installed on the two-dimensional aligner; the measuring cabinet is installed with a drive controller, the measuring radiation source is installed on the drive controller, and the right end of the measuring radiation source is equipped with an adjustable aperture; the drive controller provides a controllable stable voltage and current to drive the measuring radiation source to emit radiation light; the drive controller receives the spectrum data output by the spectrum sensor; the spectrum sensor is installed on the two-way positioner, and the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor is perpendicular to the long side of the two-dimensional aligner; The bidirectional positioner controls the spectrum sensor so that the distance between the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measurement radiation source is continuously adjustable, and the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor and the aperture of the measurement radiation source are in the same plane; the bidirectional positioner controls the spectrum sensor so that the spectrum sensor moves to the right, the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor is aligned with the measurement radiation source, the measurement axis passes through the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measurement radiation source, and the positioning laser intersects with the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor; A positioning laser and a space adjuster are installed on the cabinet; a Lambert body to be measured is fixed on the space adjuster so that the Lambert body to be measured rotates with the space adjuster; the center point of rotation of the space adjuster is on the axis of the positioning laser, and the space adjuster moves so that the midline of the Lambert body to be measured coincides with the axis of the positioning laser; the central axis of the measuring radiation source aperture is parallel to the long side of the two-dimensional aligner and passes through the midpoint of the Lambert body to be measured; the measuring axis is parallel to the long side of the upper part of the outer frame, and perpendicular to the sidelines on the left and right sides of the outer frame.

2. A method for applying the device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that : (1) Remove the bottom and two sides of the outer frame, install the measured Lambertian body on the space adjuster, and install the bottom and two sides of the outer frame; (2) Power on the device to preheat all components; (3) driving the controller to output an initial voltage and current, lighting up the measurement radiation source, and waiting for the measurement radiation source to emit radiation stably; (4) The spatial adjuster drives the Lambertian body to move vertically downward, so that the Lambertian body cannot be The light irradiation from the radiation source is measured, and after the spectrum sensor is lowered, the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor is passed through by the measurement axis; (5) The spectral sensor starts to measure and record the stray light within the outer frame; (6) The spectral sensor moves toward the cabinet under the drive of the bidirectional positioner. It first moves to the right along the two-dimensional aligner. When it moves to the top of the Lambertian body to be measured, the bidirectional positioner moves downward. The spectrum sensor is rotated so that the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor faces the plane where the measurement radiation source is located, and the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measurement radiation source are on the same horizontal line, that is, they are simultaneously passed by the measurement axis, and the position where the laser intersects with the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor is located, and the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor faces the opposite direction to the irradiation direction of the measurement radiation source; (7) The spectral sensor collects and measures the spectral data of the radiation source and calculates the correlated color temperature; (8) If the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source does not meet the requirements, the driving controller changes the voltage and current so that the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source changes; when the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source is too low, Increase the output voltage and current of the drive controller; when the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source is too high, decrease the output voltage and current of the drive controller; (9) When the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source meets the requirement, the spectral sensor collects the spectral data DATA1 and transmits it to the drive controller; the requirement for the correlated color temperature is 2856K; (10) The spectral sensor is moved toward the measuring cabinet under the drive of the bidirectional positioner, so that the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor and the aperture of the measuring radiation source are located in the same plane, and the direction of the photosensitive surface of the spectral sensor is consistent with the irradiation direction of the measuring radiation source; (11) The measured Lambertian body is driven by the spatial adjuster to return to its original position so that the laser light emitted by the positioning laser coincides with the midline of the measured Lambertian body. Let the angle between the long side of the measured Lambertian body and the horizontal direction be β; (12) Assuming that the distance between the midpoint of the measuring radiation source aperture and the midpoint of the measured Lambertian body is b, driven by the bidirectional positioner, the distance L between the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor and the positioning laser satisfies the following requirement: tanθ=b / L, where θ is the angle between the line connecting the center of the photosensitive surface of the spectrum sensor to the center of the measured Lambertian body and the line connecting the midpoint of the measuring radiation source aperture to the center of the measured Lambertian body; (13) Initializing the spatial adjuster so that the long side of the Lambertian body being measured is parallel to the horizontal direction; (14) Driven by the spatial adjuster, the angle β between the long side of the measured Lambertian body and the horizontal direction varies from (-180° to 180°); (15) b is adjusted accordingly so that the range of θ is (0°~90°); (16) The spectral sensor continuously collects spectral data DATA2; (17) After traversing all the above angle combinations of β and θ, the retroreflection value curve of the measured Lambertian body is calculated. The calculation method is as follows: after multiplying DATA1 by the photopic function of the spectral sensor, the integral is calculated in the corresponding wavelength range to obtain the total flux D1 of the corresponding wavelength range; after multiplying DATA2 by the photopic function of the spectral sensor, the integral is calculated in the corresponding wavelength range to obtain the total flux D2 of the corresponding wavelength range; the total flux D2 is divided by the total flux D1, and multiplied by the correction number k, the retroreflection value curve under the corresponding β and θ can be obtained, with β as the x-axis, θ as the y-axis, and the calculated retroreflection value as the z-axis, and a three-dimensional graph of the retroreflection value is plotted; When the design value of the measuring area of ​​the instrument used with the standard substance is s1, and the effective area of ​​the standard substance is s2, then k = (L×L×s1) / (s2×s2×cos(β-1.05°)); wherein 1.05° is the observation angle of the retroreflectometer using a Lambertian body, and β is the angle between the long side of the Lambertian body being measured and the horizontal direction; s1 is given in the manual of the instrument used with the standard substance, that is, when the instrument used with the standard substance measures road traffic markings, the light spot area of ​​the illumination light beam irradiated on the measured road traffic markings; S2 is the light spot area of ​​the illumination light beam irradiated on the standard substance when the instrument used with the standard substance is calibrated using the standard substance.

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