A dimming glass, a dimming device, a dimming panel and a vehicle

Abstract

A dimming glass, a dimming device, a dimming panel and a vehicle. The dimming glass includes a first transparent substrate, a first transparent electrode layer, a second transparent substrate and a second transparent electrode layer. The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are arranged opposite to each other. A plurality of microchannels are provided between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, and an electrowetting material is disposed in the microchannels. The first transparent electrode layer is located on the side of the first transparent substrate away from the second transparent substrate, and the second transparent electrode layer is located on the side of the second transparent substrate away from the first transparent substrate. The first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer are configured to apply a voltage to the electrowetting material located between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, so that the electrowetting material fills the microchannels, and to apply a voltage to the electrowetting material filling the microchannels to change the light transmittance of the electrowetting material. It can reduce the influence of strong light on the driver and improve safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a dimming glass, a dimming device, a dimming panel and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] When a vehicle is driving at night, it may encounter the situation that the high beam of the oncoming vehicle does not change or is too late to change to the low beam, so that the driver of the vehicle is instantly blinded by the strong light, which is extremely likely to cause traffic accidents. At the same time, the huge halo generated by the high beam reduces the driver's judgment ability, the judgment ability of the width of the vehicle and the situation behind, and the high beam will cause the rearview mirror to fail, seriously endangering road safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a dimming glass, a dimming device, a dimming panel and a vehicle, which can reduce the influence of strong light on the driver and improve driving safety.

[0004] On the one hand, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a dimming glass, including a first transparent substrate, a first transparent electrode layer, a second transparent substrate and a second transparent electrode layer. The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are arranged opposite to each other. A plurality of microchannels are arranged between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. An electro-wetting material is arranged in the microchannels. The first transparent electrode layer is located on the side of the first transparent substrate away from the second transparent substrate, and the second transparent electrode layer is located on the side of the second transparent substrate away from the first transparent substrate. The electro-wetting material between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is arranged to cover the microchannels and change the light transmittance when a voltage is applied.

[0005] On the other hand, embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a dimming device, the aforementioned dimming glass and a controller. The controller is arranged to be respectively connected to the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer, and is used to control the voltage between the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer.

[0006] On still another hand, embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a dimming panel, including a sensor, a controller and a dimming glass, wherein:

[0007] The sensor is arranged to detect the light intensity;

[0008] The controller is arranged to send a voltage signal to the dimming glass according to the light intensity detected by the sensor;

[0009] The dimming glass includes a first transparent substrate, a first transparent electrode layer, a second transparent substrate, and a second transparent electrode layer. The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are arranged opposite to each other. A plurality of microchannels are provided between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. An electrowetting material is provided in the microchannels. The first transparent electrode layer is located on a side of the first transparent substrate away from the second transparent substrate, and the second transparent electrode layer is located on a side of the second transparent substrate away from the first transparent substrate. The electrowetting material between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is configured to cover the microchannels and change the light transmittance when a voltage is applied thereto.

[0010] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a vehicle, including a front windshield. It is characterized in that it further includes the aforementioned dimming panel, and the dimming panel is disposed on the front windshield.

[0011] The dimming glass, the dimming device, and the dimming panel including the dimming glass proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure. A plurality of parallel microchannels are provided in the dimming glass. After a voltage is applied to the microchannels through electrodes disposed on both sides of the microchannels, the wettability of the contact surface between the microchannels and the electrowetting material is enhanced, causing the droplets at the edge of the electrowetting material to deform and driving the electrowetting material to cover the microchannels. Additionally, by applying a suitable voltage to both sides of the microchannels, the light transmittance of the electrowetting material is changed. When the dimming glass of the embodiments of the present disclosure is disposed on the front windshield of a vehicle, the external strong light can be weakened by adjusting the light transmittance, improving driving safety.

[0012] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following specification, and will, in part, be obvious from the specification, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the specification, the claims, and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solutions of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the dimming glass according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the droplet contact angle;

[0016] Figure 3a and Figure 3b It is a schematic diagram of the principle for driving droplet movement according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 4Schematic diagram of changing the light transmittance of a droplet in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of a dimming panel in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of a controller in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 7 Schematic diagram when the dimming glass in an embodiment of the present disclosure is used as a front windshield.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0022] 10 - First transparent substrate; 20 - First transparent electrode; 30 - Second transparent substrate;

[0023] 40 - Second transparent electrode; 201 - First electrode; 202 - Second electrode;

[0024] 100 - Droplet. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined arbitrarily with each other.

[0026] Regarding the problems existing in the prior art, in some solutions, a photoelectric sensor is used to sense the light intensity and a control circuit is used to achieve automatic lowering of the curtain. However, due to its slow mechanical operation, it is not suitable for scenarios with instant strong light. In some solutions, window films or polarized glasses are used to prevent temporary blindness caused by instant strong light. However, this solution will block light from entering the vehicle, and still pose a safety hazard when driving at night or in dark and weak light conditions such as tunnels.

[0027] In addition, in the solution of forming a light-shielding structure with electronic ink, since the light transmittance of electronic ink is low, there is still an easy safety hazard when driving at night.

[0028] Therefore, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a dimming glass that can be used for vehicle windows, as Figure 1As shown, it includes a first transparent substrate 10, a first transparent electrode layer 20, a second transparent substrate 30, and a second transparent electrode layer 40. The first transparent substrate 10 and the second transparent substrate 30 are arranged opposite to each other. A plurality of microchannels are provided between the first transparent substrate 10 and the second transparent substrate 30. An electrowetting material is provided in the microchannels. The first transparent electrode layer 20 is located on the side of the first transparent substrate 10 away from the second transparent substrate 30. The second transparent electrode layer 40 is located on the side of the second transparent substrate 30 away from the first transparent substrate 10. The first transparent electrode layer 20 and the second transparent electrode layer 40 are configured to apply a voltage to the electrowetting material located between the first transparent substrate 10 and the second transparent substrate 30, so that the electrowetting material fills the microchannels, and to apply a voltage to the electrowetting material filling the microchannels to change the light transmittance of the electrowetting material. The electrowetting material located between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is configured to fill the microchannels and change the light transmittance when a voltage is applied thereto.

[0029] Electrowetting (EW) refers to the phenomenon of changing the wettability of a liquid droplet on its underlying substrate by changing the voltage between two substrates on both sides, that is, changing the contact angle, causing the liquid droplet to deform and displace. Wettability is one of the main properties of a solid surface. If a liquid can spread on a solid surface and the solid-liquid contact surface has a tendency to expand, that is, the adhesion of the liquid to the solid surface is greater than its cohesive force, then such a surface is considered to be hydrophilic in nature, which is wetting. On the contrary, if a liquid cannot spread on a solid surface and the contact surface between the liquid and the solid surface has a tendency to shrink into a spherical shape, then such a surface is considered to be hydrophobic in nature, which is non-wetting, that is, the adhesion of the liquid to the solid surface is less than its cohesive force. The wettability of a solid surface is usually determined by measuring the contact angle (CA). Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the contact angle of a liquid droplet. As Figure 2 shown, for a liquid on a horizontal surface, the contact angle θ is considered to be the result of three different types of surface tensions at the solid / liquid / gas interface. Lyophilicity means that the contact angle of a liquid droplet on a solid surface is less than 90°, while lyophobicity means that the contact angle of a liquid droplet on a solid surface is greater than 90°.

[0030] The wetting effect of a solid surface can be changed using a voltage, making the solid surface more hydrophilic, that is, enhancing the wettability of the solid surface. Figure 3a and Figure 3b is the schematic diagram of driving the movement of a liquid droplet in an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 3aAs shown, for any microchannel, it can include at least 3 pressurized regions, and each pressurized region is pressurized by an electrode. Assuming that among the 3 pressurized regions, the voltage corresponding to the first region < the voltage corresponding to the second region < the voltage corresponding to the third region, then the droplet 100 will exhibit different wetting degrees, that is, different solid-liquid contact angles. Among them, the liquidophilicity intensity of the first region < the liquidophilicity intensity of the second region < the liquidophilicity intensity of the third region, that is, the liquidophobicity intensity of the first region > the liquidophobicity intensity of the second region > the liquidophobicity intensity of the third region, then the contact angle θ1 of the first region > the contact angle θ2 of the second region > the contact angle θ3 of the third region. Based on the physical properties of the droplet, the droplet will move from the region with a large liquidophobicity intensity to the region with a small liquidophobicity intensity under the drive of the internal pressure difference, that is, the droplet in the low-wetting region will move towards the more wetted region under the action of the internal pressure difference. Therefore, when the droplet 100 is located in the first region, due to different solid-liquid contact angles of different parts of the same droplet, the surface tension is asymmetrically distributed, and there is an internal pressure difference in the droplet, so that the droplet 100 moves towards the second region under the drive of the internal pressure difference. When the droplet 100 is located in the second region, the droplet 100 will be driven to move towards the third region. By controlling the voltage difference between two adjacent regions, the change gradient of the contact angle of the liquid in the two adjacent regions can be controlled, that is, the moving speed of the droplet can be controlled. By controlling the voltage difference between two adjacent regions in a certain direction, the change gradient of the contact angle of the two adjacent regions in the corresponding direction can be controlled, that is, the moving direction of the droplet can be controlled, as Figure 3b shown.

[0031] Therefore, when a voltage is applied to the electrowetting material located in the microchannel through the transparent electrode 20, the wettability of the contact surface between the microchannel and the electrowetting material is enhanced, thereby changing the contact angle between the edge of the electrowetting material and the microchannel surface, causing the droplet at the edge of the electrowetting material to deform, driving the droplet at the edge of the electrowetting material to continuously move along the microchannel, and further causing the electrowetting material to cover the microchannel.

[0032] After the electrowetting material covers the microchannel, a voltage can be applied to the electrowetting material through the electrodes located on both sides of the microchannel to change the display gray level of the electrowetting material. Taking the electrowetting material as electronic ink as an example. The electronic ink includes a plurality of microcapsules, and each microcapsule includes dye particles, specifically including negatively charged black dye particles and positively charged white dye particles. Under the action of voltages of different magnitudes, the positions of the light-shielding dye particles dispersed in the microcapsules are different, resulting in different light transmittances of the microcapsules, and further different gray levels presented by the electronic ink.

[0033] One way is to apply three different voltages to the microcapsules, which include: a reference voltage and two adjustable voltages, a first adjustable voltage V1 and a second adjustable voltage V2; by adjusting the voltages of V1 and V2, the distribution of charged dye particles on the substrate is adjusted to achieve grayscale display.

[0034] As Figure 4 shown (the substrate is not shown in the figure), in this exemplary embodiment, the first transparent electrode layer may include a plurality of first electrodes 201 and second electrodes 202 arranged at intervals, the second transparent electrode layer is provided as a third electrode 40, the third electrode 40 is used to apply a reference voltage, the first electrode 201 is used to apply a first adjustable voltage, and the second electrode 202 is used to apply a second adjustable voltage.

[0035] By setting the first adjustable voltage to be less than or equal to the reference voltage and the second adjustable voltage to be greater than or equal to the reference voltage, grayscale display is achieved. Taking 16 - level grayscale display as an example, when the voltages of the first electrode 201 and the third electrode 40 are the same and there is no voltage difference, and the voltage difference between the second electrode 202 and the third electrode 40 is the largest (the largest voltage difference is represented by Vd), the displayed grayscale is 0 level; when the voltage difference between the first electrode 201 and the third electrode 40 is Vd / 4 and the voltage difference between the second electrode 202 and the third electrode 40 is 3vd / 4, the displayed grayscale is 4 levels; when the voltage difference between the first electrode 201 and the third electrode 40 is Vd / 2 and the voltage difference between the second electrode 202 and the third electrode 40 is vd / 2, the displayed grayscale is 8 levels; when the voltage difference between the first electrode 201 and the third electrode 40 is 3Vd / 4 and the voltage difference between the second electrode 202 and the third electrode 40 is vd / 4, the displayed grayscale is 12 levels; when the voltage difference between the first electrode 201 and the third electrode 40 is Vd and the voltage on the second electrode 202 is the same as the voltage on the third electrode 40 with no voltage difference, the displayed grayscale is 16 levels. The higher the grayscale level, the more black dye particles are located in the upper layer.

[0036] The microfluidic chip based on a glass substrate is a mature and complete manufacturing process. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, microchannel grooves can be first formed on the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate through a patterning process, and then the surface of the substrate is subjected to a surface activation treatment to form a hydrophobic surface. The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are annealed and bonded to form microchannels, and then a first transparent electrode layer and a second transparent electrode layer are formed on the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. The electronic ink can be injected into the microchannels through a magnetron sputtering or evaporation process.

[0037] In an exemplary embodiment, a dimming device may include the above-mentioned dimming glass and a controller. The controller is configured to be connected to the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer respectively, and is used to control the voltage between the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer. Specifically, the controller is connected to the first electrode and the second electrode of the first transparent electrode layer respectively, and is connected to the third electrode of the second transparent electrode layer.

[0038] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a dimming panel, as Figure 5 shown, including a sensor 1, a controller 2, and the aforementioned dimming glass 3, where:

[0039] The sensor 1 is configured to detect the light intensity;

[0040] The controller 2 is configured to send a voltage signal to the dimming glass according to the light intensity detected by the sensor;

[0041] The dimming glass 3 includes a first transparent electrode layer, a first transparent substrate, a second transparent electrode layer, and a second transparent substrate. The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are arranged opposite to each other. A plurality of microchannels are provided between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. An electrowetting material is provided in the microchannels. The first transparent electrode layer is located on the side of the first transparent substrate away from the second transparent substrate, and the second transparent electrode layer is located on the side of the second transparent substrate away from the first transparent substrate. The first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer are configured to apply a voltage to the electrowetting material located between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate according to the voltage signal sent by the controller, so that the electrowetting material fills the microchannels, and apply a voltage to the electrowetting material filling the microchannels to change the light transmittance of the electrowetting material. The electrowetting material located between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is configured to fill the microchannels and change the light transmittance when a voltage is applied.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment, the sensor may be a photodetector. When a strong light beam irradiates the photodetector, the photodetector can convert the light signal into an electrical signal. The photodetector outputs different magnitudes of current according to different received light intensities, and the controller can judge the light intensity according to the current signal. The photodetector has the advantage of fast response, and the detection time can be within 30 ms.

[0043] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 6As shown, the controller includes an optical signal receiving unit 21 for receiving an optical intensity signal, a conversion unit 22 for determining a voltage value according to the optical intensity signal, and a voltage generating circuit 23 for generating a voltage according to the calculated voltage value. Among them, the conversion unit can select a voltage value that makes the dimming glass generate a corresponding gray level according to the current optical intensity in a look-up table manner. The voltage generating circuit can be implemented by a circuit in the prior art and will not be elaborated herein.

[0044] The dimming glass can be used as the front windshield of a vehicle, as Figure 7 shown. One or more sensors can be provided. When multiple sensors are provided, the controller can judge according to the average optical intensity of the sensors that when the optical intensity is greater than a preset threshold, control the electro-wetting material to cover the microchannel and realize the shielding of strong light by changing the transmittance.

[0045] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical sensor can also be used to start or close the dimming function of the dimming panel. For example, when the optical intensity signal sent by the sensor is lower than a first threshold, indicating that it is currently night, the controller starts the dimming function of the dimming glass. Optionally, one of the multiple sensors can be set to detect the ambient light. When the controller judges that the optical intensity signal sent by the sensor is lower than the first threshold, the remaining sensors are started to start the dimming function. For another example, when the optical intensity signal sent by the sensor is too high, for example, greater than a second threshold, indicating that it is currently under strong sunlight, the controller can also start the remaining sensors.

[0046] After starting the dimming function, when the optical intensity detected by the sensor is greater than the second threshold, the controller sends a first set of voltage signals to the dimming glass to make the electro-wetting material cover the microchannel, and sends a second set of voltage signals to the dimming glass to reduce the light transmittance of the electro-wetting material, preventing the driver from being directly irradiated by strong light, preventing strong light from causing a visual blind spot for the driver, and improving the safety of night driving. Among them, the above voltage signal group includes a voltage signal sent to the first transparent electrode and a voltage signal sent to the second transparent electrode. The specific voltage value can be determined according to the simulation results. For example, when simulating, determine what kind of light intensity is the most suitable for what kind of light transmittance, and record the corresponding voltage value. When the detected optical intensity is within the range that requires dimming, select the corresponding voltage value, generate a corresponding voltage through the voltage generating circuit, and apply the corresponding voltage to the electro-wetting material by the electrodes in the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment, the controller can send voltage signals to the dimming glass according to the optical intensity detected by the sensor in the following manner:

[0048] The optical signal receiving unit judges whether the optical intensity detected by the sensor is greater than the second threshold;

[0049] When the optical signal receiving unit determines that the detected light intensity of the sensor is greater than the second threshold, the conversion unit determines a first set of voltage signals for covering the microchannel with the electrowetting material and a second set of voltage signals for changing the light transmittance of the electrowetting material;

[0050] The voltage generation circuit is configured to generate the first set of voltage signals and the second set of voltage signals in a time-sharing manner.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, when the light intensity is less than the third threshold, the controller may send a third voltage signal to the dimming glass to make the electrowetting material leave the microchannel in the driver's line of sight, or send a fourth voltage signal to the dimming glass to increase the light transmittance of the electrowetting material. When increasing the light transmittance of the electrowetting material, the voltage value can be obtained by looking up a table. For example, at the first moment, the light intensity is strong, and the gray scale value of the dimming glass is 8 levels. The corresponding first electrode voltage value, second electrode voltage value, and third electrode voltage value can be obtained by looking up the table. Voltage is applied to the electrowetting material in the microchannel through the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer to make the gray scale value of the dimming glass 8 levels. At the second moment, the light intensity weakens, and the gray scale value of the dimming glass is 4 levels. The corresponding first electrode voltage value, second electrode voltage value, and third electrode voltage value can be obtained by looking up the table. Voltage is applied to the electrowetting material in the microchannel through the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer to make the gray scale value of the dimming glass 4 levels.

[0052] In an exemplary embodiment, the microchannel may be located in a part of the front windshield, such as in the area of the driver's line of sight. Or it may be located on the entire front windshield.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, the multiple microchannels are arranged in parallel, for example, they can be arranged horizontally or vertically.

[0054] The dimming glass, as well as the dimming device and dimming panel including the dimming glass, proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure, are provided with a plurality of parallel microchannels in the dimming glass. When voltage is applied to the microchannels through the electrodes arranged on both sides of the microchannels, the wettability of the contact surface between the microchannels and the electrowetting material is enhanced, so that the droplets at the edge of the electrowetting material are deformed, driving the electrowetting material to cover the microchannels. In addition, by applying appropriate voltage to both sides of the microchannel, the light transmittance of the electrowetting material is changed. When the dimming glass of the embodiments of the present disclosure is set on the front windshield of a vehicle, the external strong light can be weakened by adjusting the light transmittance, improving the driving safety.

[0055] Based on the inventive concept of the foregoing embodiments, embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a vehicle. The vehicle includes a front windshield, and the dimming panel of the foregoing embodiment is disposed on the front windshield. The dimming panel may be disposed in the area corresponding to the driver's line of sight, may be disposed on the outer surface or the inner surface of the front windshield, or directly serve as the front windshield. The microchannels may be disposed horizontally or vertically.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0057] Although the disclosed embodiments of the present invention are as above, the above content is only an embodiment adopted for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed by the present invention. However, the scope of patent protection of the present invention shall still be subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dimming glass, characterized in that, Applied to a vehicle window, it includes a first transparent substrate, a first transparent electrode layer, a second transparent substrate and a second transparent electrode layer. The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are arranged opposite to each other. A plurality of microchannels are provided between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, and an electro-wetting material is provided in the microchannels. The first transparent electrode layer is located on the side of the first transparent substrate away from the second transparent substrate, and the second transparent electrode layer is located on the side of the second transparent substrate away from the first transparent substrate. The electro-wetting material located between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is configured to cover the microchannels when a voltage is applied, so as to change the light transmittance and weaken the strong external light; wherein: The electro-wetting material is electronic ink, and the electronic ink includes a plurality of microcapsules, and each microcapsule includes negatively charged black dye particles and positively charged white dye particles; The first transparent electrode layer includes a plurality of first electrodes and second electrodes arranged at intervals. The second transparent electrode layer is configured as a third electrode for applying a reference voltage. The first electrode is used for applying a first adjustable voltage, and the second electrode is used for applying a second adjustable voltage. By setting the first adjustable voltage to be less than or equal to the reference voltage and the second adjustable voltage to be greater than or equal to the reference voltage, grayscale display is achieved.

2. The dimming glass according to claim 1, wherein, The electro-wetting material is electronic ink.

3. The dimming glass according to claim 1, wherein, The microchannels are arranged in parallel.

4. A dimming device, including the dimming glass according to any one of claims 1-3, and a controller configured to be connected to the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer respectively, for controlling the voltage between the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer.

5. A dimming panel, characterized in that, Applied to a vehicle window, it includes a sensor, a controller and dimming glass, wherein: The sensor is configured to detect the light intensity, and there are a plurality of sensors, and any one of the sensors is used for detecting the ambient light intensity; The controller is configured to send a voltage signal to the dimming glass according to the light intensity detected by the sensor, and the controller is further configured to start other sensors when the ambient light intensity is lower than a first threshold or the ambient light intensity is greater than a second threshold, so as to activate the dimming function of the dimming glass; The dimming glass includes a first transparent substrate, a first transparent electrode layer, a second transparent substrate and a second transparent electrode layer. The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are arranged opposite to each other. A plurality of microchannels are provided between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, and an electro-wetting material is provided in the microchannels. The first transparent electrode layer is located on the side of the first transparent substrate away from the second transparent substrate, and the second transparent electrode layer is located on the side of the second transparent substrate away from the first transparent substrate. The electro-wetting material located between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is configured to cover the microchannels when a voltage is applied, so as to change the light transmittance and weaken the strong external light; wherein: The electro-wetting material is electronic ink, and the electronic ink includes a plurality of microcapsules, and each microcapsule includes negatively charged black dye particles and positively charged white dye particles; The first transparent electrode layer includes a plurality of first electrodes and second electrodes arranged at intervals. The second transparent electrode layer is set as a third electrode, and the third electrode is used to apply a reference voltage. The first electrode is used to apply a first adjustable voltage, and the second electrode is used to apply a second adjustable voltage. By setting the first adjustable voltage to be less than or equal to the reference voltage and the second adjustable voltage to be greater than or equal to the reference voltage, grayscale display is achieved.

6. The dimming panel according to claim 5, wherein the controller includes an optical signal receiving unit for receiving an optical intensity signal, a conversion unit for determining a voltage value according to the optical intensity signal, and a voltage generation circuit for generating a voltage according to the calculated voltage value.

7. The dimming panel according to claim 5, wherein the sensor is a photodetector.

8. The dimming panel according to claim 6, wherein The controller sending a voltage signal to the dimming glass according to the optical intensity detected by the sensor includes: the optical signal receiving unit for determining whether the optical intensity detected by the sensor is greater than a second threshold; the conversion unit for determining a first set of voltage signals for covering the microchannels with the electrowetting material and a second set of voltage signals for changing the light transmittance of the electrowetting material when the optical signal receiving unit determines that the optical intensity detected by the sensor is greater than the second threshold; the voltage generation circuit for generating the first set of voltage signals and the second set of voltage signals in a time-sharing manner.

9. A vehicle, comprising a front windshield, characterized in that, It further includes the dimming panel according to any one of claims 5-8, and the dimming panel is arranged on the front windshield.

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