A rice seed metering device with automatic adjustment of seeding amount and its seeding amount intelligent control system

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice seeding device for automatically adjusting the seeding amount, comprising a housing, a stepping motor, a cam gear, a seeding amount adjusting mechanism and a seeding shaft, wherein the seeding amount adjusting mechanism comprises a seeding wheel, a spring and a volume adjusting cylinder, wherein the seeding wheel is installed in the inner cavity of the housing, the seeding wheel is connected to the seeding shaft, the seeding wheel is connected to the volume adjusting cylinder through the spring, the side of the volume adjusting cylinder away from the seeding wheel is connected to the cam gear, and the cam gear is connected to the stepping motor through the motor gear. The invention realizes automatic adjustment of the seeding amount, and the seeding amount control precision is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent agricultural sowing machinery, and in particular to a rice seed metering device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing amount and an intelligent sowing amount control system thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rice is one of the three major staple foods in my country and has great strategic value. There are two ways to grow rice: transplanting and direct seeding. Precision hole direct seeding technology is the most important light and simple rice cultivation technology, and its key core component is the seed meter.

[0003] There are many varieties of rice in my country with different shapes, and the sowing amount varies greatly due to differences in variety, region, weather, sowing period, etc., making precision sowing the most difficult among all major grain crops. In addition, the physical characteristic parameters of the seed meter, such as the working speed of the seed meter, the three-axis size of the rice seeds, and the thousand-grain weight, as well as the seed processing status such as moisture content and germination length are important factors affecting the sowing accuracy and sowing amount of the seed meter. The intelligence level of the seed meter on the market is currently low, and when the above factors change, it is impossible to achieve precise control of the sowing amount. The traditional mechanical seed meter in the current prior art is affected by factors such as the rotation speed, the physical parameters of the rice seeds, and the seed processing status, resulting in low sowing accuracy. At the same time, it solves the problem that the sowing amount of the traditional mechanical seed meter cannot be automatically adjusted and the sowing amount control accuracy is not high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art that the sowing amount cannot be automatically adjusted and the sowing amount control accuracy is not high, and a rice seed metering device with automatic sowing amount adjustment and a sowing amount intelligent control system are provided.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a rice seeding device with automatic seeding amount adjustment, comprising a shell, a stepping motor, a cam gear, a seeding amount adjustment mechanism and a seeding shaft, the seeding amount adjustment mechanism comprising a seeding wheel, a spring and a volume adjustment cylinder, the seeding wheel is installed in the inner cavity of the shell, the seeding wheel is connected to the seeding shaft, the seeding wheel is connected to the volume adjustment cylinder through the spring, the side of the volume adjustment cylinder away from the seeding wheel is connected to the cam gear, and the cam gear is connected to the stepping motor through the motor gear.

[0006] A better choice is that the seed filling wheel includes a seed filling wheel and a guide column, the guide column is installed on the outer shell, the seed filling wheel is installed on the guide column, the seed filling wheel is provided with a plurality of seed filling grooves, the seed filling grooves and the volume adjustment cylinder form a seed filling chamber, the power end of the guide column is connected to the seed filling shaft, and the guide end of the guide column passes through the spring, the volume adjustment cylinder and the convex gear in sequence.

[0007] A more preferred option also includes a first manually adjustable gear, which is mounted on the guide column and connected to the seed filling wheel, and the first manually adjustable gear matches the convex gear.

[0008] A better choice is that the convex gear includes a second manually adjustable gear and a transmission gear, the second manually adjustable gear and the transmission gear are both installed on the seeding wheel, the second manually adjustable gear is connected to the transmission gear, the side of the second manual adjustable gear away from the transmission gear is connected to the volume adjustment cylinder, the second manually adjustable gear matches the seeding wheel, and the transmission gear is connected to the motor gear.

[0009] A better choice is that the volume adjusting cylinder includes a plurality of volume adjusting columns and a force-bearing plate, the force-bearing plate is provided with a mounting ring, the mounting ring is mounted on the seed wheel, the plurality of volume adjusting columns are connected to the force-bearing plate, and the plurality of volume adjusting columns and the seed filling groove of the seed wheel form a plurality of seed filling chambers.

[0010] A more preferred option also includes a seed cleaning brush, which is mounted on the housing via bolts and is connected to the seed wheel.

[0011] A more preferred option also includes N positioning buckles, which are symmetrically installed on the shell, and N is a positive even number.

[0012] A more preferred option also includes a Hall sensor, which is installed on the seeding shaft.

[0013] A more optimal option also includes an industrial camera, which is mounted on a dimension calibration plate of the housing.

[0014] A rice seeding amount intelligent control system comprises a seeding device, a seed box, a thin beam weighing sensor, a microwave reflection moisture sensor, a Hall sensor, an industrial camera and a controller, wherein the seed box is installed on the seeding device, the Hall sensor and the industrial camera are both installed on the seeding device, the microwave reflection moisture sensor and the thin beam weighing sensor are both installed on the seed box, the seeding device, the thin beam weighing sensor, the microwave reflection moisture sensor, the Hall sensor and the industrial camera are all connected to the controller, and the seeding device is a rice seeding device that automatically adjusts the seeding amount.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0016] 1. The present invention realizes automatic adjustment of seeding amount through a housing, a stepping motor, a cam gear, a seeding amount adjustment mechanism and a seeding shaft, and the seeding amount control precision is high.

[0017] 2. The present invention uses a seed meter, a seed box, a thin beam weighing sensor, a microwave reflection moisture sensor, a Hall sensor, an industrial camera and a controller. Each sensor monitors the sowing situation in real time and controls the stepper motor to adjust the sowing amount of the rice seed meter in real time, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the sowing amount of the rice seed meter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a rice seed metering device capable of automatically adjusting the seeding amount according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sowing amount regulating mechanism of a rice seed metering device for automatically regulating sowing amount according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sowing amount regulating mechanism of a rice seed metering device for automatically regulating sowing amount according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of a sowing amount regulating mechanism of a rice seed metering device for automatically regulating sowing amount according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of an intelligent control system for rice seeding rate according to the present invention;

[0023] Markings of components in the accompanying drawings: 1. Hall sensor; 2. Seed-discharging shaft; 3. Housing; 4. Seed-discharging wheel; 41. Guide column; 42. Seed-filling wheel; 43. Seed-filling slot; 44. First manual adjustment gear; 5. Stepper motor; 6. Cam gear; 61. Second manual adjustment gear; 62. Transmission gear; 7. Seed cleaning brush; 8. Industrial camera; 9. Volume adjustment cylinder; 91. Force plate; 92. Volume adjustment column; 10. Spring; 11. Motor gear; 12. Positioning buckle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The purpose of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. The examples cannot be described one by one here, but the implementation methods of the present invention are not therefore limited to the following examples.

[0025] A rice seeding device with automatic seeding amount adjustment includes a housing 3, a stepping motor 5, a cam gear 6, a seeding amount adjustment mechanism, a seeding shaft 2, a positioning buckle 12 and a seed cleaning brush 7. The seeding amount adjustment mechanism includes a seeding wheel 4, a spring 10 and a volume adjustment cylinder 9. The seeding wheel 4 is installed in the inner cavity of the housing 3. The power end of the seeding wheel 4 is connected to the seeding shaft 2. The guide end of the seeding wheel 4 is connected to the volume adjustment cylinder 9 through the spring 10. The volume adjustment cylinder 9 is connected to the motor gear 11 through the cam gear 6. The motor gear 11 is installed on the stepping motor 5. The stepping motor 5 is installed on the outside of the housing 3. Two positioning buckles 12 are symmetrically installed on the top of the housing 3, and another two positioning buckles 12 are symmetrically installed on the side of the housing 3. The seed cleaning brush 7 is installed in the inner cavity of the housing by bolts, and the brush head of the seed cleaning brush 7 contacts the seeding wheel 4.

[0026] The housing 3 plays a supporting role and is used to install various components; the stepper motor 5 provides power for adjusting the length of the seed filling chamber of the seeding wheel 4; the convex gear 6 moves forward or backward in the guide column 41 through the rotation of the stepper motor 5, and is used to push the volume adjustment cylinder 9; the seeding wheel 4 sows rice seeds into the field; the volume adjustment cylinder 9 is used to adjust the size of the seed filling chamber. The seeding shaft 2 is used to connect the seeding wheel 4 and drive the seeding wheel 4 to rotate. The spring 10 controls the relative distance between the seeding wheel 4 and the volume adjustment cylinder 9 by its own compression. The seed cleaning brush 7 cleans the rice seeds that exceed the seed filling chamber when the rice seeding device is working. There are 4 positioning buckles 12 in total, 2 of which are located at the top of the seeding device for fixing the seed box; the other 2 positioning buckles 12 are located on one side of the seeding device for fixing the rice seeding device.

[0027] The seeding wheel 4 includes a first manually adjustable gear 44, a seed filling wheel 42 and a guide column 41. The guide column 41 is installed in the inner cavity of the outer shell 3. The seed filling wheel 42 and the first manually adjustable gear 44 are both installed on the guide column 41. The seed filling wheel 42 and the first manually adjustable gear 44 are connected. The power end of the guide column 41 is connected to the seeding shaft 2. The guide end of the guide column 41 passes through the spring 10, the volume adjustment cylinder 9 and the cam gear 6 in sequence. The spring 10 is located between the seed filling wheel 42 and the volume adjustment cylinder 9. A plurality of seed filling grooves 43 are provided on the seed filling wheel 42.

[0028] The first manual adjustment gear 44 is used to manually adjust the volume of the seed filling chamber, so as to adjust the sowing amount; the seed filling wheel 42 is provided with a plurality of seed filling grooves 43, which are used to store rice seeds and achieve the purpose of sowing by rotating themselves; the guide column 41 is provided with threads, and the convex gear 6 can move forward or backward under the action of the threads. In addition, the guide column 41 axially guides the volume adjustment cylinder 9 so that the volume adjustment cylinder 9 can be accurately embedded in the seed filling groove 43 of the seed filling wheel 42.

[0029] The convex gear 6 includes a second manual adjustment gear 61 and a transmission gear 62. The transmission gear 62 is installed on the guide column 41 of the seeding wheel. The transmission gear 62 is connected to the gear 11 of the stepping motor 5. One side of the second manual adjustment gear 61 is connected to the transmission gear 62 through a connecting block. A gap is formed between the second manual adjustment gear 61 and the transmission gear 62, which is conducive to increasing the forward and backward movement distance of the convex gear 6; the other side of the second manual adjustment gear 61 is connected to the volume adjustment cylinder. The thickness of the transmission gear 62 is greater than the thickness of the gear 11 of the stepping motor 5, so that the convex gear 6 does not lose teeth during the forward and backward movement to meet the effect of power transmission. The second manual adjustment gear 61 is used in conjunction with the first manual adjustment gear 44 of the seeding wheel to manually adjust the volume of the seed filling chamber; the transmission gear 62 drives the transmission gear 62 to rotate through the motor gear 11, so that the convex gear 6 moves forward and backward on the guide column 41.

[0030] The volume adjustment cylinder 9 includes a force plate 91 and a plurality of volume adjustment columns 92. The plurality of volume adjustment columns 92 are evenly distributed and vertically connected to the force plate 91. The other side of the force plate 91 is connected to the convex gear 6. The force plate 91 is provided with a mounting ring. The force plate 91 is mounted on the guide column 41 through the mounting ring. The plurality of volume adjustment columns 92 and the seed filling groove 43 form a plurality of seed filling chambers 44. The force plate 91 is moved forward and backward in the guide column 41 by the force of the convex gear or the spring; the volume adjustment column 92 controls the volume of the seed filling chamber by the insertion depth in the seed filling groove 43.

[0031] A rice seeding amount intelligent control system comprises a rice seeding device, a seed box, a thin beam weighing sensor, a microwave reflection moisture sensor, a Hall sensor 1, an industrial camera 8 and a controller, wherein the seed box is mounted on the top of the rice seeding device, the Hall sensor 1 is mounted on the seeding shaft 2 of the rice seeding device, the industrial camera 8 is mounted on a size calibration plate of a shell 3 of the rice seeding device, the microwave reflection moisture sensor is mounted above the seed box, the thin beam weighing sensor is mounted at the bottom of the seed box, the stepping motor 5 of the rice seeding device, the thin beam weighing sensor, the microwave reflection moisture sensor, the Hall sensor 1 and the industrial camera 8 are all connected to the controller, and a touch display is provided on the controller.

[0032] The rice seeding device can adjust the size of the seed filling chamber according to the input sowing amount value, and can sow rice seeds into the field; the seed box is used to store rice seeds; the thin beam weighing sensor is used to measure the thousand-grain quality of the experimental rice seeds; the microwave reflection moisture sensor is used to measure the moisture content of the experimental rice seeds because microwaves are very sensitive to moisture; the Hall sensor 1 is used to monitor the rotation speed of the seeding wheel 4 of the rice seeding device, and timely transmit the real-time rotation speed value of the seeding wheel 4 to the controller and display it on the touch screen display; the role of the industrial camera 8 is to detect the three-axis size and germination length of the experimental rice seeds, and at the same time, the number of rice seeds in a single seed filling chamber of the seeding wheel 4 is collected by video, so as to determine whether the number of rice seeds in a single seed filling chamber meets the requirements. The controller is a PLC controller with a touch screen display, which plays the role of display and input. The sowing amount value is input in the display, and the controller gives instructions to control the stepping motor 5 to rotate, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the size of the seed filling chamber.

[0033] A mathematical model for seed filling and a real-time measurement system for the physical characteristic parameters of rice seeds are established to obtain the physical characteristic parameters of rice seeds. A system is established with the sowing amount as the dependent variable to monitor the three-axis dimensions, germination length, thousand-grain mass, and moisture content of rice seeds in real time. The controller makes appropriate adjustments to the rice seed meter according to the data returned by each sensor (including a thin-beam weighing sensor, a microwave reflection moisture sensor, a Hall sensor 1, and an industrial camera 8), and automatically adjusts the size of the seed filling chamber and the rotation speed of the seed wheel 4 in real time, thereby forming a closed-loop system consisting of a display, a controller, various sensors, auxiliary devices, and a rice seed meter with precise self-adjustment, thereby realizing a mechanical rice seed meter with automatic sowing amount adjustment.

[0034] Working principle: When working, put rice seeds into the seed box, input the relevant parameters of the required sowing amount (including row spacing: 20cm, hole spacing: 14cm and sowing amount: 0.75kg / ha) on the touch screen display, and the controller calculates and processes the set data and issues instructions to the stepper motor 5 of the seed meter. After receiving the instructions from the controller, the stepper motor 5 starts to rotate and drives the convex gear 6 to rotate, so that the convex gear 6 moves forward or backward along the guide column 41. When the convex gear 6 moves forward, it pushes the volume adjustment cylinder 9 forward, and then the volume adjustment cylinder 9 moves forward toward the seed wheel 4, and the volume of the seed filling chamber is reduced; when the convex gear 6 moves backward, the spring 10 pushes the volume adjustment cylinder 9 backward due to its own compression and rebound, and the volume adjustment cylinder 9 moves backward from the seed wheel 4, that is, the relative distance between the seed wheel 4 and the volume adjustment cylinder 9 increases, and the volume of the seed filling chamber increases. At the same time, each sensor detects relevant data, and feeds the relevant data back to the controller and displays it on the touch screen. When the relevant data and the set data are within the error range, the stepper motor 5 does not work and the size of the seed filling chamber 44 remains unchanged; when there is a certain deviation between the relevant data and the set data, the controller issues an instruction to the stepper motor 5 of the rice seed metering device according to the relevant data, and the stepper motor 5 rotates, thereby adjusting the size of the seed filling chamber, achieving the effect of real-time automatic adjustment of the sowing amount.

[0035] The above specific implementation modes are preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the present invention. Any other changes or other equivalent replacement methods that do not deviate from the technical solution of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligently controlling the amount of rice seeding, characterized in that: It includes a rice seeding device, a seed box, a thin beam weighing sensor, a microwave reflection moisture sensor, a Hall sensor, an industrial camera and a controller. The seed box is installed on the rice seeding device, the Hall sensor and the industrial camera are both installed on the rice seeding device, the microwave reflection moisture sensor and the thin beam weighing sensor are both installed on the seed box, and the rice seeding device, the thin beam weighing sensor, the microwave reflection moisture sensor, the Hall sensor and the industrial camera are all connected to the controller; Thin beam load cell is used to measure thousand-grain mass of rice seeds; Microwave reflection moisture sensor is used to measure the moisture content of rice seeds; The Hall sensor is used to monitor the rotation speed of the seeding wheel of the rice seeding device; Industrial cameras are used to detect the three-axis dimensions and germination length of rice seeds, and determine the number of rice seeds in the seed filling chamber of the rice seed metering device; The method comprises the following steps: S1. Establish a mathematical model for seed filling and a real-time measurement system for physical characteristic parameters of rice seeds to obtain physical characteristic parameters of rice seeds, establish a system with seeding amount as the dependent variable, and use a thin beam weighing sensor, a microwave reflection moisture sensor, a Hall sensor and an industrial camera to monitor the three-axis size, germination length, thousand-grain mass and moisture content of rice seeds in real time; S2. The controller automatically adjusts the size of the seed filling chamber of the rice seed metering device and the rotation speed of the seeding wheel according to the three-axis size, germination length, thousand-grain quality and moisture content.

2. The method for intelligently controlling the amount of rice seeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rice seeding device comprises a shell, a stepping motor, a cam gear, a seeding amount adjustment mechanism and a seeding shaft. The seeding amount adjustment mechanism comprises a seeding wheel, a spring and a volume adjustment cylinder. The seeding wheel is installed in the inner cavity of the shell, the seeding wheel is connected to the seeding shaft, the seeding wheel is connected to the volume adjustment cylinder through the spring, the side of the volume adjustment cylinder away from the seeding wheel is connected to the cam gear, and the cam gear is connected to the stepping motor through the motor gear.

3. The method for intelligently controlling the amount of rice seeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seed-feeding wheel includes a seed-filling wheel and a guide column, the guide column is installed on the outer shell, the seed-filling wheel is installed on the guide column, the seed-filling wheel is provided with a plurality of seed-filling grooves, the seed-filling grooves and the volume-adjusting cylinder form a seed-filling chamber, the power end of the guide column is connected to the seed-feeding shaft, and the guide end of the guide column passes through the spring, the volume-adjusting cylinder and the convex gear in sequence.

4. The method for intelligently controlling the amount of rice seeding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first manual adjustment gear is mounted on the guide column and connected to the seed filling wheel, and the first manual adjustment gear matches the convex gear.

5. The method for intelligently controlling the amount of rice seeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The convex gear includes a second manually adjustable gear and a transmission gear, both of which are installed on the seeding wheel, the second manually adjustable gear is connected to the transmission gear, the side of the second manual adjustable gear away from the transmission gear is connected to the volume adjustment cylinder, the second manually adjustable gear matches the seeding wheel, and the transmission gear is connected to the motor gear.

6. The method for intelligently controlling the amount of rice seeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The volume adjustment cylinder includes a plurality of volume adjustment columns and a force plate, the force plate is provided with a mounting ring, the mounting ring is mounted on the seed wheel, the plurality of volume adjustment columns are connected to the force plate, and the plurality of volume adjustment columns and the seed filling groove of the seed wheel form a plurality of seed filling chambers.

7. The method for intelligently controlling the amount of rice seeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a seed cleaning brush, which is installed on the shell through bolts and connected to the seed wheel.

8. The method for intelligently controlling the amount of rice seeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes N positioning buckles, which are symmetrically installed on the shell, and N is a positive even number.

9. The method for intelligently controlling the amount of rice seeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Hall sensor is installed on the seeding shaft.

10. The method for intelligently controlling the amount of rice seeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The industrial camera is mounted on a dimension calibration plate of the housing.

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