A transmission mechanism, a gearbox, and a crawler-type small agricultural machine or transport vehicle

Abstract

The present invention discloses a transmission mechanism, which is characterized by comprising a first transmission wheel and a second transmission wheel; the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel rotate in opposite directions; a first clutch is provided on the first transmission wheel, a first transmission mechanism is provided on the first clutch, and the first transmission mechanism is drivingly connected to a first output wheel and / or a second output wheel; a second clutch is provided on the second transmission wheel, a second transmission mechanism is provided on the second clutch, and the second transmission mechanism is drivingly connected to a first output wheel and / or a second output wheel; the first output wheel and the second output wheel are respectively directly or indirectly connected to the track driving wheels on both sides of the small agricultural machine; and a gearbox and a tracked small agricultural machine or a transport vehicle are disclosed. The problems of large turning radius when the tracked small agricultural machine or transport vehicle turns, and the severe sliding and abrasion of the tracks during turning, which greatly increase the heat generation and wear of the tracks, are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a transmission mechanism for small agricultural machinery, and particularly to a gearbox applicable to a crawler-type small agricultural machinery or a transport vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, small agricultural machinery is widely used in agricultural production. Due to the complex application environment of small agricultural machinery, requirements are put forward for the stable operation of small agricultural machinery in various complex terrains in agricultural production; crawler-type agricultural transport vehicles, due to the adoption of crawler-type traveling mechanisms, have enhanced capabilities in different working environments and different working forms.

[0003] The traditional steering method of crawler-type small agricultural machinery or transport vehicles realizes steering by braking one side track while the other side track continues to drive. It is difficult to obtain stable steering in this way. Secondly, during the steering process, especially in the state of large-load steering, severe sliding friction greatly increases heat generation and track wear, resulting in poor working reliability and reduced service life. Moreover, the turning radius of the crawler-type micro-tiller is large, which limits the working methods and working environments of crawler-type agricultural machinery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems that when a crawler-type small agricultural machinery or a transport vehicle turns, the turning radius is large, and during turning, severe sliding friction of the track greatly increases track heat generation and wear. A transmission mechanism is provided, which solves the above problems by braking the track drive wheels on both sides of the small agricultural machinery simultaneously for steering.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a transmission mechanism is provided, including a first transmission wheel and a second transmission wheel; the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel rotate in opposite directions; the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are gears, etc.

[0007] A first clutch is provided on the first transmission wheel, a first transmission mechanism is provided on the first clutch, and the first transmission mechanism is drivingly connected to a first output wheel and / or a second output wheel;

[0008] A second clutch is provided on the second transmission wheel, a second transmission mechanism is provided on the second clutch, and the second transmission mechanism is drivingly connected to a first output wheel and / or a second output wheel; the first output wheel and the second output wheel are gears or belt wheels, etc.

[0009] The first output wheel and the second output wheel are respectively directly or indirectly connected to the track drive wheels on both sides of the small agricultural machinery;

[0010] When the first clutch is braked and the first transmission wheel drives the first output wheel and / or the second output wheel to rotate forward, the second clutch is not braked, and the crawler-type small agricultural machinery or transport vehicle moves forward;

[0011] When the second clutch is braked, power is transmitted to the second transmission wheel through the first transmission wheel, and the second transmission wheel drives the first output wheel and / or the second output wheel to rotate backward, the first clutch is not braked, and the crawler-type small agricultural machine or transport vehicle moves backward;

[0012] When the first clutch brakes, the first transmission wheel drives one of the first output wheel and the second output wheel to rotate forward. At the same time, the second clutch brakes, and the power is transmitted to the second transmission wheel through the first transmission wheel. The second transmission wheel drives one of the second output wheel and the first output wheel to rotate backward. At this time, the small agricultural machinery realizes steering.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the present invention over the prior art is that, through the separate or simultaneous braking of the first clutch and the second clutch, the track drive wheels on both sides of the small agricultural machinery can be rotated forward or backward or in the opposite direction at the same time, so that the small agricultural machinery can move forward, move backward or turn; and because the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism are both connected to the first output wheel and the second output wheel in transmission, various function switches are achieved by controlling the braking of the first clutch and the second clutch by clutch, so the entire transmission mechanism is compactly designed and can be designed in the gearbox, saving space; because the above scheme can realize that the track drive wheels on both sides of the small agricultural machinery directly rotate in the opposite direction when turning, so when the crawler-type small agricultural machinery or transport vehicle turns, the turning radius is small, and the tracks on both sides are rolling friction, avoiding the problem of severe track heating and wear caused by severe sliding friction.

[0014] Further, a first clutch is provided on the left side and / or right side of the first transmission wheel; the first clutch comprises a first active friction plate, a first driven friction plate, and a first hydraulic cylinder control piston; the first active friction plate is directly or indirectly connected to the first transmission wheel; the first clutch is provided with two clutches respectively located on both sides of the first transmission wheel, or one first clutch is provided, the first transmission wheel is sleeved on the first clutch, or one first clutch is provided on one side of the first transmission wheel, etc.; and / or

[0015] A second clutch is provided on the left side and / or right side of the second transmission wheel; the second clutch includes two active friction plates, a second driven friction plate, and a second hydraulic cylinder control piston; the second active friction plate is directly or indirectly connected to the second transmission wheel; the second clutch is provided with two respectively located on both sides of the second transmission wheel, or one second clutch is provided, the second transmission wheel is sleeved on the second clutch, or one second clutch is provided on one side of the second transmission wheel, etc.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the previous technical solution are as follows. A first clutch is provided on the left side and / or the right side of the first driving wheel, and a second clutch is provided on the left side and / or the right side of the second driving wheel. It is realized that the power of the first driving wheel is transmitted to the first output wheel and / or the second output wheel through the braking of the first clutch, and the power of the first driving wheel is transmitted to the first output wheel and / or the second output wheel through the braking of the second clutch.

[0017] Furthermore, the first clutch further includes a third driven friction plate and a third hydraulic cylinder control piston. The first driven friction plate and the third driven friction plate are respectively located on both sides of the first driving wheel, and the first driven friction plate and the third driven friction plate are respectively connected with a first transmission mechanism. It is realized by providing one first clutch including the first driven friction plate and the third driven friction plate, or by providing two first clutches respectively including the first driven friction plate and the third driven friction plate; and / or

[0018] The second clutch further includes a fourth driven friction plate and a fourth hydraulic cylinder control piston. The second driven friction plate and the fourth driven friction plate are respectively located on both sides of the second driving wheel, and the second driven friction plate and the fourth driven friction plate are respectively connected with a second transmission mechanism. It is realized by providing one second clutch including the second driven friction plate and the fourth driven friction plate, or by providing two second clutches respectively including the second driven friction plate and the fourth driven friction plate.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the previous technical solution are as follows. By connecting the first driven friction plate and the third driven friction plate with the first transmission mechanism respectively, and connecting the second driven friction plate and the fourth driven friction plate with the second transmission mechanism respectively, the braking of the first clutch is realized, and the power of the first driving wheel can be transmitted to the first output wheel and the second output wheel simultaneously.

[0020] Furthermore, the first transmission mechanism includes a first external gear, and the first external gear is connected with the first driven friction plate and / or the third driven friction plate. The first output wheel and the second output wheel are gears, and the first external gear meshes with the first output wheel and / or the second output wheel. It is realized by providing one first external gear connected with the first driven friction plate or the third driven friction plate, or by providing two first external gears respectively connected with the first driven friction plate and the third driven friction plate;

[0021] The second transmission mechanism includes a second external gear, and the second external gear is connected with the second driven friction plate and / or the fourth driven friction plate, and meshes with the first output wheel and / or the second output wheel. It is realized by providing one second external gear connected with the second driven friction plate or the fourth driven friction plate, or by providing two second external gears respectively connected with the second driven friction plate and the fourth driven friction plate;

[0022] Or

[0023] The first transmission mechanism includes a first pulley; the first pulley is connected to the first driven friction plate and / or the third driven friction plate, and is connected to the first output wheel and / or the second output wheel by a belt; it is realized by providing one first pulley connected to the first driven friction plate or the third driven friction plate, or by providing two first pulleys respectively connected to the first driven friction plate and the third driven friction plate;

[0024] The second transmission mechanism includes a second pulley; the second pulley is connected to the second driven friction plate and / or the fourth driven friction plate, and is connected to the first output wheel and / or the second output wheel by a belt; it is realized by providing one second pulley connected to the second driven friction plate or the fourth driven friction plate, or by providing two second pulleys respectively connected to the second driven friction plate and the fourth driven friction plate.

[0025] The beneficial effect of adopting the previous technical solution is that the first transmission mechanism transmits power to the first output wheel and / or the second output wheel by providing a first external gear or a first pulley; the second transmission mechanism transmits power to the first output wheel and / or the second output wheel by providing a second external gear or a second pulley.

[0026] Further, the first transmission mechanism further includes a first mounting shaft, and the first mounting shaft is used for connecting with the first transmission wheel and sequentially passing through the first external gear and the first clutch;

[0027] The first transmission mechanism further includes a second mounting shaft, and the second mounting shaft is used for connecting with the second transmission wheel and sequentially passing through the second external gear and the second clutch;

[0028] Or

[0029] The first transmission mechanism further includes a first mounting shaft, and the first mounting shaft is used for connecting with the first transmission wheel and sequentially passing through the first pulley and the first clutch;

[0030] The first transmission mechanism further includes a second mounting shaft, and the second mounting shaft is used for connecting with the second transmission wheel and sequentially passing through the second pulley and the second clutch.

[0031] The beneficial effect of adopting the previous technical solution is that the first transmission wheel and the first transmission mechanism are fixed by the first mounting shaft; the second transmission wheel and the second transmission mechanism are fixed by the second mounting shaft, so as to realize the stable operation of the transmission mechanism.

[0032] Further, the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are gears, and the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are connected by external meshing.

[0033] The beneficial effect of adopting the previous technical solution is that the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are connected by external meshing, so that the rotation directions of the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are opposite.

[0034] Another aspect of the present invention provides a gearbox, including the transmission mechanism.

[0035] The beneficial effect of the present invention relative to the prior art is that through the transmission mechanism, the crawler drive wheels on both sides of the small agricultural machine can rotate forward, backward or in reverse at the same time, so that the small agricultural machine can move forward, backward or turn; and the whole transmission mechanism is designed compactly and is designed inside the gearbox, saving space; when turning, the crawler drive wheels on both sides of the small agricultural machine directly rotate in reverse, so when the crawler-type small agricultural machine or transport vehicle turns, the turning radius is small, and both crawlers are rolling friction, avoiding the problems of excessive crawler heating and wear caused by severe sliding friction.

[0036] Further, the gearbox further includes a power input shaft, the power input shaft is connected to the engine, and an input shift gear is connected to the power input shaft;

[0037] a power output shaft, an output shift gear meshing with the input shift gear and a first intermediate gear are connected to the power output shaft, and the first intermediate gear is used to drive the first driving wheel and / or the second driving wheel to rotate.

[0038] The beneficial effect of adopting the previous technical solution is that through the above design, the power of the engine is transmitted to the crawler drive wheels, and shifting is realized to transmit power and steering.

[0039] Further, a gearbox further includes an intermediate transmission shaft, and a second intermediate gear and a third intermediate gear respectively meshing with the first intermediate gear and the first driving wheel are connected to the intermediate transmission shaft.

[0040] The beneficial effect of adopting the previous technical solution is that through the meshing of the first intermediate gear and the second intermediate gear, the power of the power output shaft is output to the intermediate transmission shaft; through the meshing of the third intermediate gear and the first driving wheel, the power of the intermediate transmission shaft is transmitted to the first driving wheel.

[0041] Another aspect of the present invention provides a crawler-type small agricultural machine or transport vehicle, including the transmission mechanism.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows. Through the transmission mechanism, small agricultural machines can rotate forward or backward in the same direction simultaneously or rotate in opposite directions simultaneously, enabling the small agricultural machines to move forward, move backward or turn; and the small agricultural machines have a high space utilization rate and a small designed volume, which is beneficial for working on various complex terrains. When turning, the crawler drive wheels on both sides of the small agricultural machine directly rotate in opposite directions. Therefore, when the crawler-type small agricultural machine or transporter turns, the turning radius is small, and both crawlers are in rolling friction, avoiding the problems of extremely high crawler heating and severe wear caused by intense sliding friction.

[0043] Further, the first clutch and the second clutch are hydraulic clutches; the crawler-type small agricultural machine or transporter further includes crawler drive wheels respectively connected to the first output wheel and the second output wheel; an engine output pump and a hydraulic oil passage, and a distribution valve and a hydraulic reversing valve are provided on the hydraulic oil passage; the engine output pump is connected to the hydraulic cylinder control pistons of the first clutch and the second clutch through the hydraulic pipeline.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows. By providing a distribution valve and a hydraulic reversing valve on the hydraulic oil passage, the hydraulic oil is led to one or two of the first hydraulic cylinder control piston, the second hydraulic cylinder control piston, the third hydraulic cylinder control piston, and the fourth hydraulic cylinder control piston as needed, thereby realizing the braking of the first clutch and / or the second clutch, and enabling the crawler drive wheels on both sides of the crawler-type small agricultural machine or transporter to rotate forward simultaneously, rotate backward simultaneously, or rotate in opposite directions simultaneously, realizing the forward movement, backward movement, or steering of the crawler-type small agricultural machine or transporter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the transmission mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a gearbox in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0047] Marks shown in the drawings: 1, the second external gear on the right side; 2, the second transmission wheel; 3, the second external gear on the left side; 4, the first output wheel; 5, the second output wheel; 7, the first external gear on the right side; 8, the first external gear on the left side; 9, the first transmission wheel; 10, the third intermediate gear; 11, the second intermediate gear; 12, the first intermediate gear; 13, the output shift gear; 14, the input shift gear; 15, the second clutch; 16, the first clutch; 17, the first mounting shaft; 18, the second mounting shaft; 19, the power input shaft; 20, the power output shaft; 21, the intermediate transmission shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0048] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings of the specification.

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] In one aspect of the invention of this Embodiment 1, a transmission mechanism is provided, including a first transmission wheel 9 and a second transmission wheel 2; the first transmission wheel 9 and the second transmission wheel 2 are gears and are externally meshed with each other to achieve reverse rotation; two first clutches 16 are provided on the first transmission wheel 9, and the two first clutches are a left first clutch and a right first clutch, respectively located on both sides of the first transmission wheel 9; a first transmission mechanism is provided on the first clutch 16, and the first transmission mechanism is drivingly connected to a first output wheel 4 and a second output wheel 5; the first transmission mechanism includes a left first external gear 8, a right first external gear 7, and a first mounting shaft 17, and the left first external gear 8, the left first clutch, the first transmission wheel 9, the right first clutch, and the right first external gear 7 are sequentially fixed on the first mounting shaft 17; the left first external gear 8 and the right first external gear 7 are respectively meshed with the first output wheel 4 and the first output wheel 5;

[0051] Two second clutches 15 are provided on the second transmission wheel 2, and the two second clutches 15 are a left second clutch and a right second clutch, respectively located on both sides of the second transmission wheel 2; a second transmission mechanism is provided on the second clutch 15, and the second transmission mechanism is drivingly connected to a first output wheel 4 and a second output wheel 5; the second transmission mechanism includes a left second external gear 3, a right second external gear 1, and a second mounting shaft 18, and the left second external gear 3, the left second clutch, the second transmission wheel 2, the right second clutch, and the right second external gear 1 are sequentially fixed on the second mounting shaft 18; the left second external gear 3 and the right second external gear 1 are respectively meshed with the first output wheel 4 and the first output wheel 5;

[0052] The first output wheel 4 and the second output wheel 5 are directly connected to the track drive wheels on both sides of the small agricultural machine, respectively.

[0053] The first clutch 16 is a hydraulic clutch. The left first clutch includes a first driving friction plate, a first driven friction plate, and a first hydraulic cylinder control piston. The right first clutch includes a first driving friction plate, a third driven friction plate, and a third hydraulic cylinder control piston; the first driving friction plate is directly connected to the first transmission wheel 9; the first driven friction plate and the third driven friction plate are respectively connected to the left first external gear and the right first external gear;

[0054] The second clutch 15 is a hydraulic clutch. The left second clutch includes a second driving friction plate, a second driven friction plate, and a second hydraulic cylinder control piston. The right second clutch includes a second driving friction plate, a fourth driven friction plate, and a fourth hydraulic cylinder control piston. The second driving friction plate is directly connected to the second transmission wheel 2. The second driven friction plate and the fourth driven friction plate are respectively connected to the left second external gear and the right second external gear.

[0055] Another aspect of this embodiment provides a gearbox, including the transmission mechanism described above.

[0056] The gearbox further includes a power input shaft 19, which is connected to the engine. An input shift gear 14 is connected to the power input shaft 19.

[0057] A power output shaft 20, on which an output shift gear 13 meshing with the input shift gear 14 and a first intermediate gear 12 are connected.

[0058] The gearbox further includes an intermediate transmission shaft 21, on which a second intermediate gear 11 and a third intermediate gear 10 respectively meshing with the first intermediate gear 12 and the first transmission wheel 9 are connected.

[0059] Another aspect of this embodiment provides a crawler-type small agricultural machine or transport vehicle, including the transmission mechanism described above.

[0060] The crawler-type small agricultural machine or transport vehicle further includes a crawler drive wheel respectively connected to the first output wheel 4 and the second output wheel 5; an engine output pump and a hydraulic oil passage, on which a distribution valve and a hydraulic reversing valve are provided. The engine output pump is connected to the first hydraulic cylinder control pistons of the first clutch 16 and the second clutch 15, the second hydraulic cylinder control piston, the third hydraulic cylinder control piston, and the fourth hydraulic cylinder control piston through the hydraulic pipeline.

[0061] Embodiment 2:

[0062] For the transmission mechanism of the invention in this embodiment, the same content as that in Embodiment 1 will not be described in detail. A first clutch is provided on the first transmission wheel 9, and the first clutch includes a first driving friction plate, a first driven friction plate, a third driven friction plate, a third hydraulic cylinder control piston, and a third hydraulic cylinder control piston. A second clutch is provided on the second transmission wheel 2, and the second clutch includes a second driving friction plate, a second driven friction plate, a fourth driven friction plate, a second hydraulic cylinder control piston, and a fourth hydraulic cylinder control piston.

[0063] A first clutch is provided on the first transmission wheel 9, and the left first external gear 8, the first clutch, and the right first external gear 7 are sequentially fixed on the first mounting shaft 17; the first transmission wheel 9 is sleeved on the first clutch; a second clutch is provided on the second transmission wheel 2, and the left second external gear 3, the first clutch, and the right second external gear 3 are sequentially fixed on the second mounting shaft 18; the first transmission wheel 2 is sleeved on the second clutch.

[0064] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and the explanation of the applied technical principle. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solution formed by the specific combination of the above technical features, and should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features are similar in function to those disclosed in the present application (but not limited to).

Claims

1. A transmission mechanism, characterized in that, it includes a first transmission wheel (9) and a second transmission wheel (2); the first transmission wheel (9) and the second transmission wheel (2) rotate in opposite directions; a first clutch (16) is provided on the first transmission wheel (9), a first transmission mechanism is provided on the first clutch (16), and the first transmission mechanism is drivingly connected to a first output wheel (4) and / or a second output wheel (5); a second clutch (15) is provided on the second transmission wheel (2), a second transmission mechanism is provided on the second clutch, and the second transmission mechanism is drivingly connected to a first output wheel (4) and / or a second output wheel (5); the first output wheel (4) and the second output wheel (5) are respectively directly or indirectly connected to the track driving wheels on both sides of the small agricultural machinery; a first clutch is provided on the left side and / or the right side of the first transmission wheel (9); the first clutch includes a first driving friction plate, a first driven friction plate, and a first hydraulic cylinder control piston; the first driving friction plate is directly or indirectly connected to the first transmission wheel (9); and / or a second clutch is provided on the left side and / or the right side of the second transmission wheel (2); the second clutch includes a second driving friction plate, a second driven friction plate, and a second hydraulic cylinder control piston; the second driving friction plate is directly or indirectly connected to the second transmission wheel (2); and / or the first transmission mechanism includes a first external gear, and the first external gear is connected to the first driven friction plate and / or a third driven friction plate; the first output wheel (4) and the second output wheel (5) are gears, and the first external gear meshes with the first output wheel (4) and / or the second output wheel (5); the second transmission mechanism includes a second external gear, and the second external gear is connected to the second driven friction plate and / or a fourth driven friction plate, and meshes with the first output wheel (4) and / or the second output wheel (5); or the first transmission mechanism includes a first pulley; the first pulley is connected to the first driven friction plate and / or a third driven friction plate, and is connected to the first output wheel and / or the second output wheel by a belt; the second transmission mechanism includes a second pulley; the second pulley is connected to the second driven friction plate and / or a fourth driven friction plate, and is connected to the first output wheel and / or the second output wheel by a belt; the first transmission wheel (9) and the second transmission wheel (2) are gears, and the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are connected by external meshing.

2. A transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first clutch further includes a third driven friction plate and a third hydraulic cylinder control piston, the first driven friction plate and the third driven friction plate are respectively located on both sides of the first transmission wheel, and the first driven friction plate and the third driven friction plate are respectively connected to a first transmission mechanism; and / or the second clutch further includes a fourth driven friction plate and a fourth hydraulic cylinder control piston, the second driven friction plate and the fourth driven friction plate are respectively located on both sides of the second transmission wheel, and the second driven friction plate and the fourth driven friction plate are respectively connected to a second transmission mechanism.

3. A transmission mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first transmission mechanism further includes a first mounting shaft which is used to connect with the first transmission wheel (9) and sequentially penetrates through the first external gear and the first clutch; The first transmission mechanism further includes a second mounting shaft which is used to connect with the second transmission wheel (2) and sequentially penetrates through the second external gear and the second clutch; Or The first transmission mechanism further includes a first mounting shaft which is used to connect with the first transmission wheel (9) and sequentially penetrates through the first pulley and the first clutch; The first transmission mechanism further includes a second mounting shaft which is used to connect with the second transmission wheel (2) and sequentially penetrates through the second pulley and the second clutch.

4. A gearbox, characterized in that, it includes the transmission mechanism according to any one of claims 1-3.

5. The gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that, it further includes a power input shaft which is connected to the engine, and an input shift gear is connected to the power input shaft; a power output shaft, an output shift gear meshing with the input shift gear and a first intermediate gear are connected to the power output shaft, and the first intermediate gear is used to drive the first transmission wheel (9) and / or the second transmission wheel (2) to rotate.

6. A crawler-type small agricultural machine or transporter, characterized in that, it includes the transmission mechanism according to any one of claims 1-3.

7. The crawler-type small agricultural machine or transporter according to claim 6, characterized in that, the first clutch and the second clutch are hydraulic clutches; it further includes crawler drive wheels respectively connected to the first output wheel (4) and the second output wheel (5); an engine output pump and a hydraulic oil passage, and a distribution valve and a hydraulic reversing valve are provided on the hydraulic oil passage; the engine output pump is connected to the hydraulic cylinder control pistons of the first clutch and the second clutch through hydraulic pipelines.

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