Intelligent car battery clamp

Abstract

The present application provides a smart car battery clamp, which includes: two battery clamps, an isolated power output circuit, an isolated polarity detection circuit, a polarity discrimination circuit, a protection circuit, a micro control unit and a power supply line, wherein the isolated power output circuit couples the two battery clamps, the isolated polarity detection circuit and the isolated power output circuit are arranged at intervals, and couple the two battery clamps; the polarity discrimination circuit and the isolated polarity detection circuit are arranged relative to each other, and the polarity discrimination circuit and the isolated polarity detection circuit are isolated; the micro control unit couples the isolated power output circuit, the polarity discrimination circuit, the EC5 male socket and the protection circuit; and the power supply line is arranged at intervals with the micro processing unit. By setting the isolated power output circuit and the isolated polarity detection circuit, the unique isolation design, the two ends have high insulation characteristics, and the phenomena of leakage, electric shock, static electricity, etc. are avoided. The isolated polarity detection circuit can automatically distinguish the polarity, and improve the personal safety of the user.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery clamps, and in particular to an intelligent automobile battery clamp. Background Art

[0002] Battery clamps are auto parts. Manufacturers make battery clamps made of high-quality metal materials, which are not only durable and wear-resistant, but also have good conductivity. When the car is in use, if the battery is aged or damaged and cannot be started normally, the battery clamp can directly connect the emergency power supply to the battery and provide power to start the car. The battery clamp is used as an electrode clamp for charging the battery. Just connect the emergency power supply to the tail of the clamp and correctly clamp the two ends of the battery clamp on the positive and negative poles of the battery.

[0003] The inventors of this application discovered during long-term research and development that the existing battery clamps have low insulation properties and are prone to leakage, electric shock, static electricity and the like, endangering the personal safety of users. In addition, the battery clamps cannot automatically identify the positive and negative poles of the battery, so damage caused by reverse polarity connection is also very common. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides an intelligent automobile battery clamp to solve the problem of damage caused by reverse polarity connection of the battery clamp in the prior art. The battery clamp has low insulation and is prone to leakage, electric shock, static electricity and the like, which endangers the personal safety of the user.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in the present application is: to provide an intelligent car battery clamp, wherein the intelligent car battery clamp includes: two battery clamps, an isolated power output circuit, an isolated polarity detection circuit, a polarity discrimination circuit, a protection circuit, a micro control unit and a power supply line, the isolated power output circuit is coupled to the two battery clamps, the isolated polarity detection circuit and the isolated power output circuit are arranged at intervals, and couple the two battery clamps; the polarity discrimination circuit and the isolated polarity detection circuit are arranged relative to each other, and the polarity discrimination circuit and the isolated polarity detection circuit are isolated; the micro control unit couples the isolated power output circuit, the polarity discrimination circuit, the EC5 male socket and the protection circuit; the power supply line is arranged at intervals from the micro processing unit.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: Different from the prior art, the present application provides an intelligent automobile battery clamp, which includes: two battery clamps, an isolated power output circuit, an isolated polarity detection circuit, a polarity discrimination circuit, a protection circuit, a microcontroller unit and a power supply line, the isolated power output circuit is coupled to the two battery clamps, the isolated polarity detection circuit and the isolated power output circuit are spaced apart and couple the two battery clamps; the polarity discrimination circuit and the isolated polarity detection circuit are arranged relative to each other, and the polarity discrimination circuit and the isolated polarity detection circuit are isolated; the microcontroller unit couples the isolated power output circuit, the polarity discrimination circuit, the EC5 male socket and the protection circuit; the power supply line and the microprocessor unit are spaced apart. By setting up an isolated power output circuit and an isolated polarity detection circuit, a unique isolation design has high insulation characteristics at both ends to avoid leakage, electric shock, static electricity and the like. The isolated polarity detection circuit can automatically identify the polarity to improve the personal safety of the user. It solves the problem of damage caused by reverse polarity connection of the battery clamp in the prior art. The battery clamp has low insulation and is prone to leakage, electric shock, static electricity and the like, which endangers the personal safety of the user. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0008] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a smart car battery clamp of the present application;

[0009] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of an intelligent automobile battery clamp;

[0010] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a second supply circuit;

[0011] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an isolated polarity detection circuit and a polarity discrimination circuit;

[0012] Figure 5 It is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of a human-machine interface module;

[0013] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a function key switch;

[0014] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an overcurrent protection circuit;

[0015] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a high and low voltage protection circuit;

[0016] Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a temperature protection circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] It should be noted that if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0019] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The smart car battery clamp 100 disclosed in this embodiment includes: two battery clamps 1, an isolated power output circuit 2, an isolated polarity detection circuit 3, a polarity determination circuit 4, a protection circuit 5, a micro control unit 6 and a power supply circuit 7.

[0020] Specifically, the isolated power output circuit 2 is coupled to two battery clamps 1, and the isolated polarity detection circuit 3 is spaced apart from the isolated power output circuit 2 and coupled to the two battery clamps 1. The polarity determination circuit 4 is arranged opposite to the isolated polarity detection circuit 3, and the polarity determination circuit 4 is isolated from the isolated polarity detection circuit 3. The micro control unit 6 is coupled to the isolated power output circuit 2, the polarity determination circuit 4, the ECS male socket and the protection circuit 5. The power supply circuit 7 is connected to the micro processing unit.

[0021] The smart car battery clamp 100 proposed in this application can automatically identify the positive and negative polarities. The smart car battery clamp 100 has an original intelligent interface. The product can enable users to clamp blindly without having to care or worry about how to clamp correctly. During operation, no sparks occur and other accidents will not occur. It has the characteristics of isolation and high insulation before judgment. Electricity is sent out only after it is clamped, eliminating the generation of instantaneous sparks. The unique isolation design has high insulation characteristics at both ends, and there will be no leakage, electric shock, static electricity, etc., which improves the personal safety of users. The specially designed double protection circuits that restrain each other do not have to worry about external noise interference causing misjudgment and causing malfunctions, thereby strengthening the safety between people and vehicles.

[0022] The present application provides an intelligent automobile battery clamp 100, which includes: two battery clamps 1, an isolated power output circuit 2, an isolated polarity detection circuit 3, a polarity discrimination circuit 4, a protection circuit 5, a micro control unit 6 and a power supply line 7, wherein the isolated power output circuit 2 is coupled to the two battery clamps 1, and the isolated polarity detection circuit 3 is arranged at intervals from the isolated power output circuit 2 and coupled to the two battery clamps 1. The polarity discrimination circuit 4 is arranged relative to the isolated polarity detection circuit 3, and the polarity discrimination circuit 4 is isolated from the isolated polarity detection circuit 3. The micro control unit 6 couples the isolated power output circuit 2, the polarity discrimination circuit 4, the EC5 male socket and the protection circuit 5. The power supply line 7 is arranged at intervals from the micro processing unit. By setting the isolated power output circuit 2 and the isolated polarity detection circuit 3, the unique isolation design has high insulation characteristics at both ends, and leakage, electric shock, static electricity and the like will not occur, and the isolated polarity detection circuit 3 can automatically distinguish the polarity, thereby improving the personal safety of the user.

[0023] Based on the above implementation methods, please also refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of another embodiment of a smart car battery clamp. The smart car battery clamp 100 disclosed in this embodiment includes: two battery clamps 1, an isolated power output circuit 2, an isolated polarity detection circuit 3, a polarity discrimination circuit 4, a protection circuit 5, a micro control unit 6 and a power supply circuit 7. The specific implementation of the smart car battery clamp 100 disclosed in this embodiment is the same as that of the above-mentioned implementation, and will not be repeated here.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the power supply circuit 7 includes a first supply circuit and a second supply circuit. The first supply circuit includes a diode D5, one end of the diode D5 is coupled to the IN+ end of the EC5 male socket, and the other end is coupled to the VCC_12V end of the second supply circuit. The second supply circuit includes a resistor R9, a capacitor C5, a DC regulator U13 and a capacitor C6. One end of the resistor R9 is coupled to the VCC_12V end, and the other end is coupled to one end of the capacitor C5 and the IN pin of the DC regulator U13. The other end of the capacitor C5 is coupled to one end of the capacitor C6, and one end of the capacitor C6 is coupled to the OUT pin of the DC regulator U13 and the VCC end. The two GND pins of the DC regulator U13 are coupled to the other end of the capacitor C5 and the ground GND end.

[0025] In this embodiment, the power supply circuit product adopts a dual power supply line design, one is +12Vdc±10%, and the other is +5Vdc±5% 100mA.

[0026] Figure 2 The diagram in the figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first supply circuit, which is supplied by directly taking the power of the lithium battery: the +12Vdc voltage obtained from the IN+ end of the EC5 socket passes through a fast diode D5 to provide the product with a +12Vdc power supply for unidirectional current limitation, which is marked as VCC_12V in the figure.

[0027] Please also read Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second supply circuit embodiment. The power supply is provided by using a step-down circuit: +12Vdc voltage is obtained from the VCC_12V terminal, and the resistor R9 is used for current limiting protection and the capacitor C5 MLCC is used for filtering and energy storage, and then it is directly led to the INPUT pin (3PIN) of the DC regulator U13. The GND pin (2PIN) of the DC regulator U13 is grounded. The OUTPUT pin (1PIN) of the DC regulator U13 is the voltage output pin. This pin is connected to a capacitor C6 MLCC for filtering and energy storage, and then provides a +5Vdc voltage power supply to the product. The electrical specification provided is +5Vdc±5%100mA. The number in the figure is VCC.

[0028] Please also read Figure 4 , Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an isolated polarity detection circuit and a polarity discrimination circuit, wherein the left side is the polarity discrimination circuit and the right side is the isolated polarity detection circuit.

[0029] In a specific embodiment, the smart car battery clamp 100 includes a first optical coupling component U37 and a second optical coupling component U38, the first optical coupling component U37 includes a first photodiode and a first phototransistor, and the second optical coupling component U38 includes a second photodiode and a second phototransistor. The isolated polarity detection circuit 3 includes a resistor R7, the two ends of the resistor R7 are respectively coupled to the first end and the OUT+ end of the first photodiode, the second end of the first photodiode is coupled to the second end of the second photodiode, and the first end of the second photodiode is coupled to the OUT- end.

[0030] Isolated polarity detection circuit 3 (clip end)

[0031] Battery detection voltage range: 2.3Vdc~20Vdc

[0032] Detection judgment time: within 1.5 seconds, the signal is judged to be valid if it is not interrupted.

[0033] Application object: Optocoupler diode or isolation transformer

[0034] Insulation resistance: 10 14 Ω

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the polarity determination circuit 4 includes a resistor R16 and a resistor R1, the collector pin of the first phototransistor is coupled to one end of the resistor R16, and the other end of the resistor R16 is coupled to one end of the resistor R1 and the VCC terminal. The emitter pin of the first phototransistor is coupled to the emitter pin of the second phototransistor and the ground GND terminal, and the collector pin of the second phototransistor is coupled to the other end of the resistor R1.

[0036] Polarity determination circuit 4

[0037] Power supply range: +7Vdc~+30VDC

[0038] Detection and judgment: Receive the signal from the optical coupling diode and transmit it to the micro control unit 6. Detection and judgment time: Within 1.5 seconds, the signal is judged to be valid if it is not interrupted.

[0039] Application object: Optocoupler transistor or isolation transformer

[0040] Insulation resistance: 10 14 Ω

[0041] Isolation polarity detection circuit 3 This detection circuit uses two sets of photocoupler components (Photo Coupler), a first photocoupler component U37 and a second photocoupler component U38, each of which includes a photodiode and a phototransistor.

[0042] The isolated polarity detection circuit 3 is a detection circuit composed of the photodiode components in the first optical coupling component U37 / the second optical coupling component U38. This circuit mainly plays the role of polarity identification and transmits an identifiable signal to the polarity discrimination circuit 4. The 1PIN of the first optical coupling component U37 is connected to the 2PIN of the second optical coupling component U38, and a resistor R7 is connected in series for current limiting and then connected to the OUT+ terminal. After the 1PIN of the second optical coupling component U38 is connected to the 2PIN of the first optical coupling component U37, it is directly connected to the OUT- terminal. The principle of this connection method is designed using the unidirectional conduction characteristics of the diode. The cathode and anode of the two diodes are connected in reverse, and after the current is limited by a resistor, the polarity of the OUT terminal can be detected. The principle is as follows:

[0043] Case 1: The OUT+ terminal is the input positive voltage. The OUT- terminal is the input negative voltage. The positive voltage at the OUT+ terminal flows along the resistor R7 to the PIN1 of the first optical coupling component U37 and is connected to the anode of the photodiode inside the first optical coupling component U37. At this time, the diode is in a forward potential, and the positive voltage is connected to the cathode of the PIN2 of the first optical coupling component U37 after being turned on along the anode, and finally to the OUT- terminal. At this time, the photodiode of the first optical coupling component U37 is in the on state, and the light signal is emitted. The positive voltage at the OUT+ terminal flows along the resistor R7 to the PIN2 of the second optical coupling component U38 and is connected to the cathode of the photodiode inside the second optical coupling component U38. At this time, the diode is in a reverse potential, and the positive voltage will be cut off by the cathode. At this time, the circuit is interrupted. At this time, the photodiode of the second optical coupling component U38 is in the cut-off state, and no light signal is emitted.

[0044] Case 2: The OUT+ terminal is the input negative voltage. The OUT- terminal is the input positive voltage. The positive voltage at the OUT- terminal flows to PIN 2 of the first optical coupling component U37 and is connected to the cathode of the photodiode inside the first optical coupling component U37. At this time, the diode is in reverse potential, and the positive voltage will be cut off by the cathode. At this time, the circuit is interrupted. The positive voltage at the OUT- terminal flows to PIN 1 of the second optical coupling component U38 and is connected to the anode of the photodiode inside the second optical coupling component U38. At this time, the diode is in forward potential. The positive voltage is connected along the anode and then to the cathode of PIN 2 of the second optical coupling component U38, and finally to the OUT+ terminal through the R7 resistor. At this time, the photodiode of the second optical coupling component U38 is in the on state, and the optical signal is emitted. At this time, the photodiode of the first optical coupling component U37 is in the off state, and no optical signal is emitted.

[0045] The two situations result in the logic table shown in Table 1, and the rules of this logic table will be transmitted to the polarity determination circuit 4.

[0046] Table 1

[0047] OUT+ terminal OUT-Terminal U37 Optical Signal U38 Optical Signal just burden 1 0 burden just 0 1

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the isolated power output circuit 2 includes a relay K1, a relay K2, a relay K3, a relay K4, a high-voltage, high-current composite transistor array U3, a diode D5, and a resistor R6. Pins 3, 4, and 5 of the relay K1 are coupled to the first end of the diode D5, the IN+ end, and the 4th and 3rd pins of the relay K2. Pin 1 of the relay K1 is coupled to the VCC_12V end, the second end of the diode D5, the 1st pin of the relay K2, the 2nd pin of the relay K3, and the 1st pin of the relay K4. Pin 2 of the relay K1 is coupled to the 2nd pin of the relay K4 and the 10th pin of the high-voltage, high-current composite transistor array U3. Pins 6, 7, and 8 of the relay K1 are coupled to the 6th, 7th, and 8th pins of the relay K3 and the OUT+ end. Pin 2 of relay K2 is coupled to pin 1 of relay K3 and pin 12 of high-voltage, high-current composite transistor array U3. Pins 6, 7 and 8 of relay K2 are coupled to pins 6, 7 and 8 of relay K4 and OUT-. Pins 3, 4 and 5 of relay K3 are coupled to pins 3, 4 and 5 of relay K4 and IN-.

[0049] Isolation power output circuit 2 specifications

[0050] Power supply range: +7Vdc~+30VDC

[0051] Carrying current: 80A (continuous), 300A (3Sec.), 600A (1.5Sec.)

[0052] Application: High current relay or low voltage IGBT

[0053] Insulation resistance: ∞

[0054] In this embodiment, the isolated power output circuit 2 is composed of 4 relays RELAY (K1 / K2 / K3 / K4) and U3 transistor switch IC. The relay RELAY used in this product is the specification of the automotive industry, and its characteristics are that it can continuously pass large current (continuous 80A), high reliability, and silver alloy contacts. U3 is a high-voltage, high-current composite transistor array, composed of seven silicon NPN composite transistors.

[0055] Relays are the main components responsible for sending out power. There are 4 relays in total, divided into two groups. Each group is responsible for the power and polarity switching of OUT+ and OUT-. Relay K1 and relay K3 are a group responsible for OUT+. Relay K2 and relay K4 are a group responsible for OUT-. The specific relationship table is shown in Table 2:

[0056] Table 2

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] Here’s how it works:

[0060] Case 1: When 1PIN (EN_A) of microcontroller unit 6 is at HIGH potential, it is connected to U3 PIN7 (IN7) through current limiting resistor R2. When U3 PIN 7 (IN7) is at HIGH potential, U3 PIN 10 (OUT7) will be grounded to 0 potential. At this time, the pull-in coils of relays K1 and K4 will be activated and the relays will be pulled in to cause a short circuit. After the short circuit, relay K1 sends out positive voltage power and relay K4 sends out negative voltage power. At this time, IN+ and OUT+ are short-circuited and connected, and IN- and OUT- are short-circuited and connected. At this time, the emergency power supply and the car battery are successfully bridged. In addition, 1PIN (EN_A) of microcontroller unit 6 has another path to connect to U3 PIN6 (IN6). When U3 PIN 6 (IN6) is HIGH, U3 PIN 11 (OUT6) will be grounded to 0 potential. U3 PIN 11 (OUT6) is connected to U3 PIN 5 (IN5), and U3 PIN5 (IN5) is the input control pin of EN_B (2PIN), so the input control pin of EN_B (2PIN) will also be grounded to 0 potential. The purpose of this is that when EN_A is working, EN_B cannot be in action, so as to avoid the situation where EN_A and EN_B are started at the same time due to line failure or external interference, and to provide absolute safety protection for the output.

[0061] Case 2: When the 2PIN (EN_B) of the microcontroller unit 6 is at a HIGH potential, it is connected to U3 PIN5 (IN5) through the current limiting resistor R3. When U3 PIN 5 (IN5) is at a HIGH potential, U3 PIN 12 (OUT5) will be grounded to 0 potential. At this time, the pull-in coils of relays K2 and K3 will be activated and the relays will be pulled in to cause a short circuit. After the short circuit, relay K2 sends out positive voltage power and relay K3 sends out negative voltage power. At this time, IN+ and OUT- are short-circuited and connected, and IN- and OUT+ are short-circuited and connected. At this time, the emergency power supply and the car battery are successfully bridged.

[0062] In addition, the 2PIN (EN_B) of the micro control unit 6 has another path connected to U3 PIN4 (IN4). When U3 PIN4 (IN4) is HIGH, U3 PIN 12 (OUT6) will be grounded to 0 potential, and U3 PIN 13 (OUT4) is connected to U3 PIN 7 (IN7). U3PIN7 (IN7) is the input control pin of EN_A (1PIN), so the input control pin of EN_A (1PIN) will also be grounded to 0 potential. The purpose of this practice is that when EN_B is working, EN_A cannot be in action, so as to avoid the situation where EN_A and EN_B are started at the same time due to line failure or external interference, and to provide absolute safety protection for the output.

[0063] Please also read Figure 5 , Figure 5 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of a human-machine interface module. In a specific embodiment, the intelligent automobile battery clamp 100 further includes a human-machine interface module 8, including an indicator light component, a buzzer, and a switch circuit. The indicator light component includes a red light circuit and a green light circuit. The red light circuit includes a resistor R4 and a red light LED. The first end of the red light LED is coupled to one end of the resistor R4, and the other end is coupled to the VCC_12V terminal. The other end of the resistor R4 is coupled to the 14th pin of the high-voltage, high-current composite transistor array U3. The green light circuit includes a resistor R5 and a green light LED. The first end of the green light LED is coupled to one end of the resistor R5, and the other end is coupled to the VCC_12V terminal. The other end of the resistor R5 is coupled to the 15th pin of the high-voltage, high-current composite transistor array U3. The first end of the buzzer is coupled to the VCC_12V terminal, and the other end is coupled to the 16th pin of the high-voltage, high-current composite transistor array U3. The switch circuit includes a resistor R15 and a touch switch K5. One end of the resistor R15 is coupled to the VCC terminal, and the other end is coupled to pin 2 of the touch switch K5. Pins 1, 3 and 4 of the touch switch K5 are coupled to the ground GND terminal.

[0064] In order to let users know the real-time status of the product, a human-machine interface of the product, namely, human-machine interface module 8, is designed to inform users of the real-time status of the product, allowing users to use the product easily and improving the perception of product experience. The human-machine interface consists of three parts: LED tricolor indicator light, buzzer, and touch switch.

[0065] The following is the program introduction of the human-machine interface: It consists of a common anode two-color LED light (red and green), a function (reset) button and a buzzer. The light signal is composed of three colors: red, green and orange. The flashing orange light means that the power is turned on normally and enters the voltage detection stage. The red light flashes 1 long and 1 short (continuously) for 1.5 seconds. The buzzer sounds 1 long and 1 short (continuously) to indicate that the voltage exceeds the limit. (Too high / too low) The flashing green light means that the power is turned on normally and the battery voltage on the supply side is normal, and normal operation can continue.

[0066] The green light is always on and the buzzer sounds twice, indicating that the battery clamp 1 has been clamped on the battery on the demand side, and the product has correctly identified the polarity and sent out the power on the supply side for use at any time. The red light is always on and the buzzer sounds constantly, indicating that the overcurrent protection is activated. The red light sounds short and the buzzer sounds short (continuously), indicating that the number of consecutive ignitions exceeds 5 times. The red light flashes 1 long and 2 short and the buzzer sounds 1 long and 2 short (continuously), indicating that the temperature protection is activated.

[0067] Please also read Figure 6 , Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a function button switch. A short press of the function button switch resets the product to its original startup state. A long press for 10 seconds switches the automatic detection to manual determination of the + / - polarity to prevent any fault conditions such as battery short circuit, ultra-low voltage (below 2.3Vdc), severe battery collapse, and no battery. This product can still be used. When entering the manual determination mode, there is a time limit of 60 seconds. The car must be started within 60 seconds, otherwise it will automatically exit and return to the automatic detection mode. The manual mode can be started again by long pressing. In the manual determination mode, the positive and negative polarities are fixed and can be determined according to the color of the wire. The red wire is the positive pole and the black wire is the negative pole, corresponding to the positive and negative poles of the battery. The principle is as follows:

[0068] U3 IC PIN2 (IN2) is connected to IC1 MCU PIN5 (LED_G). When this pin outputs HIGH potential, U3 IC PIN15 (OUT2) will be grounded (0 potential). At this time, the green light will be on, and resistor R5 plays a role in current limiting. U3 IC PIN3 (IN3) is connected to IC1 MCU PIN3 (LED_R). When this pin outputs HIGH potential, U3 IC PIN14 (OUT3) will be grounded (0 potential). At this time, the red light will be on, and resistor R4 plays a role in current limiting.

[0069] When U3 IC PIN2 (IN2) and U3 IC PIN3 (IN3) are connected to HIGH potential at the same time, U3 IC PIN15 (OUT2) and U3 IC PIN14 (OUT3) will be grounded (0 potential) at the same time. At this time, the red light and the green light will be lit at the same time. When both lights are on at the same time, an orange effect light will appear.

[0070] U3 IC PIN1 (IN1) is connected to IC1 MCU PIN6 (BUZ_EN). When this pin outputs HIGH potential, U3 IC PIN16 (OUT1) will be grounded (0 potential). At this time, the buzzer (BUZ1) will be activated and emit a sound. K5 is a touch switch. It connects the HIGH potential on resistor R15 to ground to generate a switch signal. This signal is sent to IC1 MCU PIN14 (KEY) pin, allowing IC1 MCU to recognize that the function key has been triggered. The human-machine interface logic table can be shown in Table 3.

[0071] Table 3

[0072]

[0073] In this embodiment, the microprocessor unit (MCU) is the central processor of the product, the brain of the product, and uses various program logics implanted to judge and control the product. The microcontroller unit 66 (MCU) product model is PMS171B-S14, 8bit OTPMCU with8-bit ADC 11channels. The MCU pin diagram is shown in Table 4.

[0074] Table 4

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] In a specific embodiment, the protection circuit 5 includes an overcurrent protection circuit, a high and low voltage protection circuit, a short circuit protection circuit and a temperature protection circuit.

[0078] Please also read Figure 7 , Figure 7: is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of an overcurrent protection circuit. In a specific embodiment, the overcurrent protection circuit includes a resistor R6, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, an operational amplifier U1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C3, and a capacitor C8. One end of the resistor R6 is coupled to the IN-terminal, and the other end is coupled to one end of the resistor R14, one end of the capacitor C3, and the 1st pin of the operational amplifier U1. The other end of the capacitor C3 is coupled to the ground GND terminal. The other end of the resistor R14 is coupled to the 4th pin of the operational amplifier U1, one end of the capacitor C8, and one end of the resistor R13. The other end of the resistor R13 is coupled to one end of the resistor R12 and the 3rd pin of the operational amplifier U1. The other end of the resistor R12 is coupled to the 2nd pin of the operational amplifier U1 and the ground GND terminal. One end of the capacitor C1 is coupled to the 5th pin of the operational amplifier U1 and the VCC terminal, and the other end is coupled to the other end of the capacitor C8.

[0079] The instantaneous current of this product is quite large, and the protection point is set to 600A. The current detection component uses a 10AWG wire segment (20mm long). The segment from resistor R6 to pin 1 of the operational amplifier U1 can be called the R segment. This segment is connected across IN- and GND. The purpose is to capture the voltage value at both ends of the segment when current passes through.

[0080] Let's first talk about the wire specifications: 10AWG (1050*0.018) TS outer diameter is 5.45±0.15mm, the insulation material is silicone, the conductor cross-sectional area is 26.72mm2, and the conductor resistance is Max 3.55Ω / km. Using its resistance, we can calculate that the impedance of our 20mm length line segment is 0.07mΩ.

[0081] U1 IC is an operational amplifier (OP AMP.), and its main purpose is to act as a current detection amplifier, that is, to amplify the voltage value on the R line segment so as to detect the current more sensitively and quickly. After resistor R6 obtains the voltage value on the R line segment from the IN- terminal, it is connected to U1 OP AMP.PIN1 (IN+ non-inverting input terminal). U1 OPAMP.PIN4 (OUT output terminal) is connected to resistor R13 to U1 OP AMP..PIN3 (IN- inverting input terminal). U1 OPAMP..PIN3 (IN- inverting input terminal) is connected to another resistor R12 (0 potential). This type of design is called a voltage / current conversion circuit. With the feedback loop (dead loop method) of resistors R13 and R12, the input voltage of U1 OP AMP.PIN1 (IN+ non-inverting input terminal) is amplified and output. Then, U1 OPAMP.PIN4 (OUT output terminal) sends the amplified voltage to PIN13ADC_OCP of the microprocessor unit (MCU) for current protection analysis.

[0082] The operation is as follows:

[0083] Vo=IiR(R1+R2) / R2=600RIi

[0084] Nc=0.12mV

[0085] 1A=1.4mV

[0086] 300A=420mV

[0087] 600A=840mV

[0088] The microprocessor unit (MCU) programs the value of the protection opportunity according to the above calculated value.

[0089] Please also read Figure 8 , Figure 8 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of a high and low voltage protection circuit. In a specific embodiment, the high and low voltage protection circuit includes a resistor R10, a resistor R11, and a capacitor C7, one end of the resistor R10 is coupled to the VCC_12V terminal, the other end is coupled to one end of the capacitor C7, the other end of the capacitor C7 is coupled to the ground GND terminal, and the resistor R11 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C7.

[0090] After the product is turned on, it will automatically perform the battery voltage detection function. It can enter the standby mode only after the detection is passed. If there is an abnormality, it will enter the alarm mode (refer to the introduction of the human-machine interface) and lock the product to restrict operation. The so-called abnormality refers to: voltage < +12Vdc and voltage > +17.5Vdc.

[0091] The purpose of low voltage protection is to prevent the battery from being over-discharged. The purpose of high voltage protection is to prevent the battery from being discharged with a large current immediately after being overcharged, so as to avoid battery safety problems. As long as the voltage is abnormal, the product will be locked and the use will be restricted.

[0092] Here’s how it works:

[0093] Resistor R10 and resistor R1 are connected in series to form a voltage divider circuit. After resistor R10 obtains the voltage from the VCC_12V terminal, it is divided by resistor R11 to obtain a stable distributed voltage value. The capacitor C7 MLCC is used to store energy and stabilize the voltage. This distributed voltage value is sent to the PIN 8ADC_BAT of the IC1 microprocessor unit, and the voltage level is determined by the program in the microprocessor unit (MCU).

[0094] Calculation formula:

[0095] Low voltage set point

[0096] ADC_BAT=(R11 / (R10+R11))*VCC_12V=100K / 570K*12V=2.105V

[0097] High voltage setting value

[0098] ADC_BAT=(R11 / (R10+R11))*VCC_12V=100K / 570K*17.5V=3.07V

[0099] After these two values ​​are written into the program, the IC1 microprocessor unit (MCU) can identify the high and low voltage values.

[0100] In a specific embodiment, the circuit in the present application also provides short circuit protection. This product also plans the function of output short circuit. It does not operate on a separate line. It uses the product's isolated insulation output characteristics and overcurrent protection function to combine and perform protection functions. The principle is as follows:

[0101] When there is voltage input and the voltage is higher than 2.3V, the polarity detection circuit will be activated. However, when the output is short-circuited, the voltage will definitely be lower than 2.3V. At this time, the polarity detection circuit will not be able to identify it, and all relays will be tripped and restored to OPEN, and the output power will be interrupted to complete the protection work. On the other hand, the instantaneous current of the short circuit is very large. When the current is greater than the over-current protection point during the short circuit, the over-current protection function will be triggered at this time, and the machine will be locked for protection.

[0102] Please also read Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of a temperature protection circuit. In a specific embodiment, the temperature protection circuit includes an NTC thermistor, a resistor R8, and a capacitor C4, one end of the resistor R8 is coupled to the VCC terminal, the other end is coupled to one end of the capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is coupled to the ground GND terminal, and the NTC thermistor is connected in parallel with the capacitor C4.

[0103] This product is designed with an over-temperature protection function. While using the product, the internal temperature of the product is monitored at any time. If the internal temperature exceeds the temperature, the product will be locked and prohibited from use, and the human-machine interface will start the alarm (refer to the introduction of the human-machine interface). When the internal temperature drops below 45°C, the protection state is released, the human-machine interface alarm stops, and the product function is restored. The product works under the condition of operating large current. If the user uses the product excessively or for too long, the product will quickly accumulate internal temperature. Therefore, temperature protection is very important. It can not only extend the life of the product; it can also protect the safety of the user and will not cause any harm caused by high temperature. Mainly use NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) components to implement this protection circuit 5. The principle is as follows:

[0104] NTC thermistor is a thermistor device that uses semiconductor ceramics with a negative temperature coefficient (NTC: Negative Temperature Coefficient) relationship between resistance and temperature and a very high rate of change. Using this property, it is not only used as a temperature sensor, but also as a temperature protection device such as temperature detection and temperature compensation.

[0105] NTC thermistor is a thermistor device whose resistance value drops sharply as the temperature rises. Utilizing this property, in addition to being a temperature sensor, it can also be used as a temperature protection device to protect the circuit 5 from the effects caused by overheating.

[0106] Resistor R8 and NTC1 (NTC thermistor) are connected in series to form a voltage divider circuit. After resistor R8 obtains voltage from the VCC terminal, it is divided by NTC1 to obtain a stable distributed voltage value. The capacitor C4 MLCC is used to store energy and stabilize voltage. This distributed voltage value is sent to the PIN 9ADC_OTP pin of the IC1 microprocessor unit, and the program in the microprocessor unit (MCU) determines the temperature.

[0107] Calculation formula:

[0108] Normal temperature setting value (25℃)

[0109] ADC_OTC=(NTCl / (R8+NTC1))*VCC=10K / 20K*5V=2.50V

[0110] Restore temperature setting value (45℃)

[0111] ADC_OTC=(NTC1 / (R8+NTC1))*VCC=4.92K / 14.92K*5V=1.65V

[0112] Protection temperature setting value (80℃)

[0113] ADC_OTC=(NTC1 / (R8+NTC1))*VCC=1.67K / 11.67K*5V=0.7155V

[0114] After these three values ​​are written into the program, the IC1 microprocessor unit (MCU) can identify the range of high and low temperatures.

[0115] When the user is actually operating, insert the EC5 male plug of the product into the EC5 female socket of the emergency power supply. After the product takes power from the EC5 female socket of the emergency power supply, it will automatically start up and immediately enter the voltage detection program. The human-machine interface flashes orange light. After 1.5 seconds, it will automatically enter the standby state after it returns to normal. The human-machine interface flashes green light. At this time, the product enters the standby state. In the standby state, it detects whether there is voltage input at the battery clamp 1 end at any time. If there is no voltage input, it continues to detect in a cycle. The human-machine interface continues to flash green light.

[0116] There is voltage input on the battery clamp 1. The detection circuit of the battery clamp 1 will determine the polarity and send it to the micro control unit 6 for polarity confirmation, and then control the output power circuit. At this time, the positive and negative polarity sent by the power control circuit is consistent with the polarity of the input determined by the detection end. At this time, the positive and negative polarity of the power supply end and the demand end have been correctly connected, and the human-machine interface will turn green and always on. The buzzer will sound twice shortly to remind that the equipment has completed all the work of emergency start-up bridge and is ready to supply power to the car starter motor at any time. At this time, just turn the car key to the start ignition position to transmit power to the car starter motor, and then start the car engine to complete the ignition procedure. After the car engine starts, please remember to unplug the battery clamp 1 to completely separate the product from the car battery, and press the function reset button before the next use or unplug the product plug from the emergency power socket to reset the system and prepare for the next use.

[0117] In order to avoid excessive battery consumption when the product is plugged into the emergency power supply for a long time, it is specially designed to enter the sleep state after no operation within ten minutes. After entering the sleep state, it can be awakened by the following methods: 1. Unplug the EC5 socket from the emergency power supply and then re-plug it to activate the function. 2. Press the function reset button to activate the function.

[0118] In the protection circuit 5 of this embodiment, the overcurrent protection condition is: the protection function is activated when the current exceeds 300A (3Sec.) or 600A (1.5Sec.), the power output circuit in all states fails and locks, and the human-machine interface starts an alarm prompt. Objects of use: 10AWG copper wire 20mm wire segment or high current fierce copper wire or high current detection non-inductive alloy resistor.

[0119] Low voltage protection: When the product is turned on, it will detect the voltage of the lithium battery (equivalent or other battery specifications) at the emergency power supply end. The detection time is 1.5 seconds. When the voltage is lower than +12Vdc, the power output circuit is locked and the human-machine interface alarm prompt is activated. When the voltage is normal, it enters the power-on standby state.

[0120] High voltage protection: When the product is turned on, it will detect the voltage of the lithium battery (equivalent or other battery specifications) at the emergency power supply end. The detection time is 1.5 seconds. When the voltage is higher than +17.5Vdc, the power output circuit is locked and the human-machine interface alarm prompt is activated. When the voltage is normal, it enters the power-on standby state.

[0121] Short circuit protection: When the positive and negative poles are accidentally short-circuited during product use, short circuit protection will be activated. The protection mechanism will be activated when the voltage drops to ≤1Vdc within 1mS. After entering the protection state, the motherboard will be restarted (power loss), and all states will be reset to the power-on state.

[0122] Temperature protection: The temperature setting point is 80℃. When the product is used, if the internal temperature of the product exceeds 80℃, the temperature protection function will be activated. After activation, the power output circuit will be disconnected, the product will be locked and cannot be used anymore, and the human-machine interface alarm will be activated. The lock and alarm will be released until the internal temperature drops back to 45℃.

[0123] The technical solution proposed in this application also has the following advantages:

[0124] In order to adapt to various phenomena of car battery failure, a manual intervention judgment function is specially designed. However, this function needs to be completed within a limited time after it is turned on. After the time limit, the intelligent judgment mode will be automatically restored to ensure that the experience of smart products is not interrupted. Considerate human-machine interface. After plugging in the product, the intelligent program will automatically detect various conditions for starting the car and igniting, and give the user sound and light message responses in a timely manner, so that the user can easily grasp the situation. Ultra-low battery voltage detection capability. As long as there is a voltage of >2.3Vdc on the car battery, the product can detect and identify the polarity, expand the detection capability of faulty batteries, and have a wider application area. Power-saving and considerate design. After the product is in standby mode for ten minutes, if there is no operation, the product will automatically enter sleep mode. Eliminate excessive waste of power on the emergency power supply. Users do not have to worry about power consumption when plugged in to the emergency power supply for a long time. The power consumption in sleep mode is only 20μA.

[0125] The present application provides an intelligent automobile battery clamp 100, which includes: two battery clamps 1, an isolated power output circuit 2, an isolated polarity detection circuit 3, a polarity discrimination circuit 4, a protection circuit 5, a microcontroller unit 66 and a power supply line 7, wherein the isolated power output circuit 2 is coupled to the two battery clamps 1, the isolated polarity detection circuit 3 is spaced apart from the isolated power output circuit 2, and couples the two battery clamps 1; the polarity discrimination circuit 4 is relatively spaced apart from the isolated polarity detection circuit 3, and the polarity discrimination circuit 4 is isolated from the isolated polarity detection circuit 3; the microcontroller unit 66 couples the isolated power output circuit 2, the polarity discrimination circuit 4, the EC5 male socket and the protection circuit 5; the power supply line 7 is spaced apart from the microprocessor unit. By setting up an isolated power output circuit 2 and an isolated polarity detection circuit 3, the unique isolation design has high insulation characteristics at both ends to avoid leakage, electric shock, static electricity and the like. The isolated polarity detection circuit 3 plays the role of polarity identification and transmits an identifiable signal to the polarity discrimination circuit 4, thereby improving the personal safety of the user.

[0126] The above are only implementation methods of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An intelligent automobile battery clamp, characterized in that: The intelligent automobile battery clamp comprises: two battery clamps, an isolated power output circuit, an isolated polarity detection circuit, a polarity discrimination circuit, a protection circuit, a micro control unit and a power supply circuit, wherein the isolated power output circuit is coupled to the two battery clamps, the isolated polarity detection circuit and the isolated power output circuit are spaced apart and coupled to the two battery clamps; the polarity discrimination circuit and the isolated polarity detection circuit are arranged relative to each other, and the polarity discrimination circuit and the isolated polarity detection circuit are isolated; the micro control unit is coupled to the isolated power output circuit, the polarity discrimination circuit, the EC5 male socket and the protection circuit; the power supply circuit and the micro control unit are spaced apart; The smart car battery clamp includes a first optical coupling component U37 and a second optical coupling component U38, wherein the first optical coupling component U37 includes a first photodiode and a first phototransistor, and the second optical coupling component U38 includes a second photodiode and a second phototransistor; the isolated polarity detection circuit includes a resistor R7, wherein the two ends of the resistor R7 are respectively coupled to the first end and the OUT+ end of the first photodiode, the second end of the first photodiode is coupled to the second end of the second photodiode, and the first end of the second photodiode is coupled to the OUT- end; The isolated power output circuit includes a relay K1, a relay K2, a relay K3, a relay K4, a high-voltage, high-current composite transistor array U3, a diode D5 and a resistor R6. Pins 3, 4 and 5 of the relay K1 are coupled to the first end of the diode D5, the IN+ end, and pins 4 and 3 of the relay K2; pin 1 of the relay K1 is coupled to the VCC_12V end, the second end of the diode D5, pin 1 of the relay K2, pin 2 of the relay K3, and pin 1 of the relay K4; pin 2 of the relay K1 is coupled to the relay D5, the first end of the diode D5, the second end of the diode D5, the first end of the relay K2, the second end of the relay K3, and the first end of the relay K4; pin 2 of the relay K1 is coupled to the relay ... first end of the diode D5, the second end of the diode D5, the first end of the relay K2, the second end of the relay K3, and the first end of the relay K4. Pin 2 of the relay K4 and pin 10 of the high-voltage, high-current composite transistor array U3; pin 6, pin 7 and pin 8 of the relay K1 are coupled to pin 6, pin 7 and pin 8 of the relay K3 and the OUT+ terminal; pin 2 of the relay K2 is coupled to pin 1 of the relay K3 and pin 12 of the high-voltage, high-current composite transistor array U3, and pin 6, pin 7 and pin 8 of the relay K2 are coupled to pin 6, pin 7 and pin 8 of the relay K4 and the OUT- terminal; pin 3, pin 4 and pin 5 of the relay K3 are coupled to pin 3, pin 4 and pin 5 of the relay K4 and the IN- terminal.

2. The intelligent automobile battery clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart car battery clamp also includes a human-machine interface module, including an indicator light component, a buzzer, and a switch circuit. The indicator light component includes a red light circuit and a green light circuit. The red light circuit includes a resistor R4 and a red light LED. The first end of the red light LED is coupled to one end of the resistor R4, and the other end is coupled to the VCC_12V end. The other end of the resistor R4 is coupled to the 14th pin of the high-voltage, high-current composite transistor array U3. The green light circuit includes a resistor R5 and a green light LED. The first end of the green light LED is coupled to the resistor R5. The first end of the buzzer is coupled to the VCC_12V terminal, and the other end is coupled to the pin 16 of the high-voltage, high-current composite transistor array U3; the switch circuit includes a resistor R15 and a touch switch K5, one end of the resistor R15 is coupled to the VCC terminal, and the other end is coupled to the pin 2 of the touch switch K5, and the pin 1, pin 3 and pin 4 of the touch switch K5 are coupled to the ground GND terminal.

3. The intelligent automobile battery clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection circuit includes an overcurrent protection circuit, a high and low voltage protection circuit, a short circuit protection circuit and a temperature protection circuit.

4. The intelligent automobile battery clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that: The overcurrent protection circuit includes a resistor R6, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, an operational amplifier U1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C3, and a capacitor C8, one end of the resistor R6 is coupled to the IN- terminal, and the other end is coupled to one end of the resistor R14, one end of the capacitor C3, and pin 1 of the operational amplifier U1, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is coupled to the ground GND terminal; the other end of the resistor R14 is coupled to pin 4 of the operational amplifier U1, one end of the capacitor C8, and one end of the resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is coupled to one end of the resistor R12 and pin 3 of the operational amplifier U1, and the other end of the resistor R12 is coupled to pin 2 of the operational amplifier U1 and the ground GND terminal; One end of the capacitor C1 is coupled to pin 5 of the operational amplifier U1 and the VCC terminal, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is coupled to the other end of the capacitor C8 .

5. The intelligent automobile battery clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high and low voltage protection circuit includes a resistor R10, a resistor R11, and a capacitor C7. One end of the resistor R10 is coupled to the VCC_12V end, and the other end is coupled to one end of the capacitor C7. The other end of the capacitor C7 is coupled to the ground GND end. The resistor R11 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C7.

6. The intelligent automobile battery clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature protection circuit includes an NTC thermistor, a resistor R8, and a capacitor C4. One end of the resistor R8 is coupled to the VCC end, and the other end is coupled to one end of the capacitor C4. The other end of the capacitor C4 is coupled to the ground GND end. The NTC thermistor is connected in parallel with the capacitor C4.

7. The intelligent automobile battery clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply circuit includes a first supply circuit and a second supply circuit. The first supply circuit includes a diode D5, one end of the diode D5 is coupled to the IN+ end of the EC5 male socket, and the other end is coupled to the VCC_12V end of the second supply circuit; the second supply circuit includes an R9 resistor, a capacitor C5, a DC regulator U13 and a capacitor C6, one end of the R9 resistor is coupled to the VCC_12V end, and the other end is coupled to one end of the capacitor C5 and the IN pin of the DC regulator U13, the other end of the capacitor C5 is coupled to one end of the capacitor C6, and one end of the capacitor C6 is coupled to the OUT pin of the DC regulator U13 and the VCC end; the two GND pins of the DC regulator U13 are coupled to the other end of the capacitor C5 and the ground GND end.

8. The intelligent automobile battery clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polarity determination circuit includes a resistor R16 and a resistor R1, the collector pin of the first phototransistor is coupled to one end of the resistor R16, and the other end of the resistor R16 is coupled to one end of the resistor R1 and a VCC terminal; The emitter pin of the first phototransistor is coupled to the emitter pin of the second phototransistor and a ground GND terminal, and the collector pin of the second phototransistor is coupled to the other end of the resistor R1 .

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