A dynamic constant current circuit and a communication device to which the same is applied

Abstract

The present invention provides a dynamic constant current circuit and a communication device to which the same is applied, relating to the technical field of communication constant current circuits. One end of a resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of an electrolytic capacitor C1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the emitter of a triode Q1, the base of the triode Q1 is connected to the emitter of a triode Q2, the collector of the triode Q1 is connected to the collector of the triode Q2, the base of the triode Q2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, one end of a resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the triode Q2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1; one end of an electrolytic capacitor C2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, and the other end of the electrolytic capacitor C2 is grounded. It can reduce costs while ensuring that the circuit obtains a constant current power supply. In addition, for the communication device to which it is applied, it can still work stably for a long time while reducing costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of communication constant current circuits, and more particularly, to a dynamic constant current circuit and a communication device using the same. Background Art

[0002] In modern life, the use of electricity has been closely related to human life, and the application of circuits has also increased rapidly with the improvement of people's living quality. Among them, the constant current application of circuits in the prior art has also increased day by day, especially in the fields of power supply, communication, analog voice, etc. Although the prior art has achieved the purpose of constant current operation, its cost is relatively high, which is not conducive to large-scale use, thus hindering its popularization. Therefore, a stable and low-cost constant current circuit is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic constant current circuit that can reduce costs while ensuring a constant current power supply for the circuit.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a communication device that can still work stably for a long time while reducing costs.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a dynamic constant current circuit, which includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a triode Q1, a triode Q2, an electrolytic capacitor C1, and an electrolytic capacitor C2. One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the emitter of the triode Q1, the base of the triode Q1 is connected to the emitter of the triode Q2, the collector of the triode Q1 is connected to the collector of the triode Q2, the base of the triode Q2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the triode Q2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1; one end of the electrolytic capacitor C2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, and the other end of the electrolytic capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the model of the triode Q1 is TIP32C.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the triode Q2 is a surface mount triode.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes a voltage regulating device, a protection device, a communicator, and the dynamic constant current circuit as described above; the output end of the voltage regulating device is connected to the common end of the resistor R1 and the electrolytic capacitor C1, the input end of the protection device is connected to the collector of the triode Q1, and the output end of the protection device is connected to the input end of the communicator.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the voltage regulating device employs an autotransformer.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the protection device employs a self - recovering resistance wire.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the communicator includes a voice transceiver device, a communication control device, and an extension system respectively connected to the output end of the protection device.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the voice transceiver device includes a microphone, a processor, and a speaker; the input end of the processor is connected to the output end of the protection device, and the output end of the processor is respectively connected to the microphone and the speaker.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the communication control device employs a PLC programmable logic controller.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the extension system includes a bus protector connected to the protection device and a plurality of extensions connected to the bus protector.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0017] A dynamic constant - current circuit, which includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a triode Q1, a triode Q2, an electrolytic capacitor C1, and an electrolytic capacitor C2. One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the emitter of the triode Q1, the base of the triode Q1 is connected to the emitter of the triode Q2, the collector of the triode Q1 is connected to the collector of the triode Q2, the base of the triode Q2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the triode Q2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1; one end of the electrolytic capacitor C2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, and the other end of the electrolytic capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the dynamic constant - current circuit in this design can be applied to the key component circuit of a two - wire bus with functions of long - distance power supply, communication, and analog voice, and is designed in the host system of a distributed control system. Applying this circuit technology, while realizing the stable power supply of the host system to the extension system through the output end, it does not attenuate the high - frequency digital signal waveform at the output end, enabling perfect integration of communication and power supply. By adopting the pulsating - current - controlled output - end voltage technology, it ensures the long - distance transmission of data at the output end. In this embodiment, the triodes Q1 and Q2 are PNP - type triodes, Vin is the input voltage of the DC power supply, V Q1E is the emitter voltage of the triode Q1, V Q1BEis the voltage between the base and emitter of transistor Q1, V Q2BE is the voltage between the base and emitter of Q2, V Q2B is the base voltage of Q2, V OUT is the output terminal voltage. In the initial stage of device startup, the power supply charges electrolytic capacitors C1 and C2. After charging is completed, the VQ2B voltage is as follows:

[0019] V Q2B =(Vin - V Q1E ) + V Q1BE + V Q2BE ≈ I OUT * R1 + 1.2

[0020] When there is no data on the output terminal, the load device on the output terminal is allowed to vary within a large range. However, when the system is running, the load is relatively stable. At this time, since Vin > V OUT , the current will pass through resistor R1, the EB junction of transistor Q1, the EB junction of transistor Q2, and resistor R2, providing base currents I Q2B and I Q1B to transistor Q2 and transistor Q1 respectively. Thus, the output current I OUT will approach a stable value or constant current value according to the total current demand of the load device, that is, the DC component of the output current I OUT : (where β Q1 is the current amplification factor of transistor Q1, and β Q2 is the current amplification factor of transistor Q2.)

[0021] I OUT ≈ I Q1C = Q I1B * β Q1 = I Q2B * β Q1 * β Q2

[0022] When there are data pulses on the output terminal, since the data pulses are sent by the sending circuit by pulling down the bus to increase the bus current, each low level causes a sudden increase in the output terminal current I OUT . Through the action of resistor R1, the voltage of V Q1E also decreases synchronously. Since V Q2B is relatively stable under the action of large-capacity electrolytic capacitors C1 and C2, it causes a sudden decrease in V Q1BE and V Q2BE . The formula is as follows:

[0023] V Q1E =(V Q1BE + V Q2BE ) + V Q2B

[0024] According to the characteristics of the triode, Q1 and Q2 are equivalent to a sudden increase in current impedance relative to the bus, so VOUT suddenly decreases. After the data transmission is completed, the initial output current I is restored. OUT The DC component value. Thus, the purpose of constant current is achieved, and because the number of electronic components used in this embodiment is extremely small, and they are all common standard components on the market, the cost is reduced.

[0025] A communication device includes a voltage regulating device, a protection device, a communicator, and the dynamic constant current circuit as described above; the output end of the voltage regulating device is connected to the common end of resistor R1 and electrolytic capacitor C1, the input end of the protection device is connected to the collector of triode Q1, and the output end of the protection device is connected to the input end of the communicator.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, as an indispensable device in modern people's lives, the communication device also has high requirements for its stability. Therefore, the communication device in this embodiment uses a constant current power supply provided by the dynamic constant current circuit. Its beneficial effects are that the constant current power supply has the advantages of fast response speed, high constant current accuracy, and can work stably for a long time, and is suitable for various types of loads (resistive, inductive, capacitive), etc. It can play a good role in promoting the setting of the rated current, operating current, and short-circuit protection current of the communication device, improving the practicability. And the purpose of setting the protection device is to protect the circuit safety in the communication device, thereby improving the safety. And the purpose of setting the voltage regulating device is to adapt to the communication device requirements of more voltages, thereby improving the adaptability. Description of the Drawings

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 It is the circuit schematic diagram of a dynamic constant current circuit in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is the structural block diagram of a communication device in the present invention.

[0030] Icons: 1. Voltage regulating device; 2. Dynamic constant current circuit; 3. Protection device; 4. Communicator; 41. Voice transceiver device; 42. Extension system; 43. Communication control device. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. Components of the embodiments of this application that are usually described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0034] It should be noted that in this document, the term "including", "comprising", or any other variant thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication between two elements inside. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] The following will describe in detail some embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a dynamic constant current circuit, which includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a triode Q1, a triode Q2, an electrolytic capacitor C1, and an electrolytic capacitor C2. One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the emitter of the triode Q1, the base of the triode Q1 is connected to the emitter of the triode Q2, the collector of the triode Q1 is connected to the collector of the triode Q2, the base of the triode Q2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the triode Q2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1; one end of the electrolytic capacitor C2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, and the other end of the electrolytic capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the dynamic constant current circuit 2 in this design can be applied to a key component circuit of a two-wire bus with functions of long-distance power supply, communication, and analog voice, and is designed in the host system of a distributed system. Applying this circuit technology, while realizing the stable power supply of the host system to the slave system 42 through the output end, it does not attenuate the high-frequency digital signal waveform on the output end, enabling perfect integration of communication and power supply. By using the pulsating current control output voltage technology, it ensures the long-distance transmission of data at the output end. In this embodiment, the triodes Q1 and Q2 are PNP-type triodes, Vin is the input voltage of the DC power supply, V Q1E is the emitter voltage of the triode Q1, V Q1BE is the voltage between the base and emitter of the triode Q1, V Q2BE is the voltage between the base and emitter of Q2, V Q2B is the base voltage of Q2, V OUT is the output end voltage. At the initial stage when the device is powered on, the power supply charges the electrolytic capacitors C1 and C2. After the charging is completed, the VQ2B voltage is as follows:

[0041] V Q2B =(Vin - V Q1E ) + V Q1BE + V Q2BE ≈V OUT *R1 + 1.2

[0042] When there is no data on the output end, the load device on the output end is allowed to vary within a large range. However, when the system is running, the load is relatively stable. At this time, since Vin > V OUT , the current will pass through the resistor R1, the EB junction of the triode Q1, the EB junction of the triode Q2, and the resistor R2, respectively providing base currents I Q2B and I QB1 to the triode Q2 and the triode Q1., thereby outputting current I OUT will approach a stable value or constant current value according to the total current demand of the load device, that is, the output current I OUT DC component of: (where β Q1 is the current amplification factor of triode Q1, β Q2 is the current amplification factor of triode Q2.)

[0043] I OUT ≈I QC1 =I QB1 *β Q1 =I QB2 *β Q1 *β Q2

[0044] When there is a data pulse on the output end, since the sending circuit sends data pulses by pulling down the bus to increase the bus current, each low level causes a sudden increase in the output current I OUT of. Through the action of resistor R1, the V Q1E voltage also decreases synchronously. Since V Q2B is relatively stable under the action of large-capacity electrolytic capacitors C1 and C2, it causes a sudden decrease in V Q1BE and V Q2BE . The formula is as follows:

[0045] V Q1E =(V Q1BE +V Q2BE )+V Q2B

[0046] According to the characteristics of the triode, Q1 and Q2 are equivalent to a sudden increase in current impedance relative to the bus, so VOUT suddenly decreases. After the data transmission is completed, it returns to the initial output current I OUT DC component value. Thus, the purpose of constant current is achieved, and because the number of electronic components used in this implementation is extremely small, all of which are common standard components on the market, the cost is reduced.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the model of triode Q1 is TIP32C.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, for the dynamic constant current circuit 2, the amplification of the electrical signal is beneficial to the signal transmission. Therefore, in this embodiment, the Darlington triode TIP32C is used, which is essentially two triodes connected together in a compound manner according to the current flow direction. Its advantage over ordinary triodes is that the amplification factor is high, and the specific amplification factor is equal to the product of the amplification factors of the two triodes, thereby improving the transmission stability.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, triode Q2 is a surface mount triode.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, since the transmission circuit sends data pulses by pulling down the bus to increase the bus current, each low level causes a sudden increase in the output current I OUT of. Through the action of the resistor R1, the V Q1E voltage also decreases synchronously. Due to the relatively stable V Q2B under the action of the electrolytic capacitors C1 and C2 with a relatively large capacitance, a sudden decrease in V Q1BE and V Q2BE is caused. Therefore, in order to achieve the above effects, the triode Q2 in this embodiment uses a surface mount triode. When a tiny current is applied to the base of the surface mount triode, a current that is β (current amplification factor) times the injected current can be obtained at the collector of the surface mount triode, that is, the collector current of the surface mount triode. And a very small change in the base current can cause a very large change in the collector current, so that the surface mount triode achieves an amplification effect.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] Please refer to Figure 2 , a communication device is provided for this embodiment, including a voltage regulating device 1, a protection device 3, a communicator 4, and the dynamic constant current circuit 2 as described above; the output end of the voltage regulating device 1 is connected to the common end of the resistor R1 and the electrolytic capacitor C1, the input end of the protection device 3 is connected to the collector of the triode Q1, and the output end of the protection device 3 is connected to the input end of the communicator 4.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, as an indispensable device in people's modern life, the communication device also has relatively high requirements for its stability. Therefore, the communication device in this embodiment uses a constant current power supply provided by the dynamic constant current circuit 2. Its beneficial effects are that the constant current power supply has the advantages of fast response speed, high constant current accuracy, and can work stably for a long time, and is suitable for various types of loads (resistive, inductive, capacitive), etc. It can play a good role in promoting the setting of the rated current, operating current, and short-circuit protection current of the communication device, improving the practicability. And the purpose of setting the protection device 3 is to protect the circuit safety in the communication device, thereby improving the safety. And the purpose of setting the voltage regulating device 1 is to adapt to the communication device requirements of more voltages, thereby improving the adaptability.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, the voltage regulating device 1 uses an autotransformer.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, since the load-bearing requirements of communication devices in different cities are different, the voltage sources required by the communication devices are also different. Therefore, this embodiment adopts an autotransformer, and an adjustable voltage autotransformer is preferably used. The beneficial effect is that it can be better adapted to different needs, so that manufacturers can carry out standardized production, thereby reducing costs and having a wider range of adaptation.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the protection device 3 uses a self-healing resistance wire.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, the most common problems encountered during the operation of the circuit are overheating and overcurrent. Circuit overheating will cause the operating temperature of circuit components to be higher, which will accelerate the aging of components and shorten their service life, while circuit overcurrent will cause fire. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present embodiment adopts a self-recovering resistance wire as the protection device 3, thereby improving safety.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the communicator 4 includes a voice transceiver 41, a communication control device 43 and an extension system 42 which are respectively connected to the output end of the protection device 3.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-function of the communicator 4 can make it more convenient to use, so a voice transceiver 41 is provided to simulate voice, and under the processing of the communication control device 43, it can be controlled by voice, thereby improving convenience. In addition, an extension system 42 is provided to increase the number of users, so that more people can use it, thereby improving practicality.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the voice transceiver 41 includes a microphone, a processor and a speaker; the input end of the processor is connected to the output end of the protection device 3, and the output end of the processor is connected to the microphone and the speaker respectively.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, the microphone is used to collect the voice signal of the operator, the speaker is used to report the internal situation of the communication device, and the processor adopts the CS8420 chip, which is a stereo digital audio sampling frequency converter chip with AES3 type and serial digital audio input, AES3 type and serial digital audio output, and comprehensive control through a 4-wire microcontroller port. The channel status and user data are integrated in the block-divided buffer, making the reading, modification and writing process easier. 24-bit, 20-bit or 16-bit digital audio can be input or output. The input data can be completely asynchronous with the output data, and the output data can be synchronized with the external system clock. The mutual conversion between AES3 signals and I2S signals can be realized. It makes it more convenient for designers to perform personalized customization and improves practicality.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, the communication control device 43 uses a PLC programmable logic controller.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, during the use of the communication device, the accuracy of signal transmission is relatively high. Once a signal transmission error occurs, the communication content will be incorrect, resulting in the signal not being delivered. Therefore, the communication control device 43 in this embodiment uses a PLC programmable logic controller, which has the advantages of high reliability and strong anti-interference ability, thereby increasing its stability.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, the extension system 42 includes a bus protector connected to the protection device 3 and a plurality of extensions connected to the bus protector.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bus protector uses a short-circuit protector. The purpose is that when a large number of extensions are connected, the load in the entire circuit will increase, resulting in an increase in the circuit temperature and causing some electronic components to be damaged and short-circuited. Therefore, the short-circuit protector is set to provide timely protection to avoid damage to the extensions, thereby improving safety.

[0066] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed circuits and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the drawings show the possible architectures, functions, and operations of devices, methods, and computer program products according to multiple embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment, or a part of code, and the module, program segment, or part of code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performing the specified functions or actions, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0067] In addition, in each embodiment of the present application, the various functional modules may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.

[0068] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic constant current circuit, characterized in that, it includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a triode Q1, a triode Q2, an electrolytic capacitor C1 and an electrolytic capacitor C2. One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the emitter of the triode Q1, the base of the triode Q1 is connected to the emitter of the triode Q2, the collector of the triode Q1 is connected to the collector of the triode Q2, the base of the triode Q2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the triode Q2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1; One end of the electrolytic capacitor C2 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, and the other end of the electrolytic capacitor C2 is grounded; The model of the triode Q1 is TIP32C; The triode Q2 is a surface mount triode.

2. A communication device, characterized in that, it includes a voltage regulating device, a protection device, a communicator and the dynamic constant current circuit as described in claim 1; The output end of the voltage regulating device is connected to the common end of the resistor R1 and the electrolytic capacitor C1, the input end of the protection device is connected to the collector of the triode Q1, and the output end of the protection device is connected to the input end of the communicator; The voltage regulating device uses an autotransformer; The protection device uses a self - recovering resistance wire.

3. The communication device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the communicator includes a voice transceiver device, a communication control device and an extension system which are respectively connected to the output end of the protection device.

4. The communication device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the voice transceiver device includes a microphone, a processor and a speaker; The input end of the processor is connected to the output end of the protection device, and the output end of the processor is respectively connected to the microphone and the speaker.

5. The communication device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the communication control device uses a PLC programmable logic controller.

6. The communication device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the extension system includes a bus protector connected to the protection device and a plurality of extensions connected to the bus protector.

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