Method for prestressing a tower of a wind power installation

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for pre-tensioning a tower (102) of a wind energy device (100), the method comprising the following steps: providing a tensioning device (300) and / or an adapter element (2020) and / or a base device (200), the tensioning device having an adapter element (2020) and / or a base device (200) and a tensioning element (303); fastening the lower end of the tensioning element (303) to a fastening device (2021) of the adapter element (2020); fastening the upper end of the tensioning element (303) to the upper end of the tower (102); tensioning the tensioning element (303) at the lower end of the tensioning element (303) and / or at the upper end of the tensioning element (303), characterized in that the tensioning of the tensioning element (303) is achieved by reducing the clear distance between the base (201) and the adapter element (2020).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for prestressing a tower of a wind power installation. Background Art

[0002] Tension concrete buildings (Spannbetonbauwerke) Tension concrete buildings, such as towers of wind power plants, in particular in the area of ​​tension concrete towers, are tensioned and reinforced by applying tensile forces with the aid of tensioning elements. The tower usually comprises a plurality of combined tower segments. In this case, a single tower segment, or a first tower segment and a second tower segment, or a plurality of tower segments can be subjected to tensile stress either individually or in combination. For this purpose, the tensioning elements are correspondingly anchored to the tower, for example to the tower root or foundation and to the tower wall, in order to pre-tension the tower in height. The tensioning elements can extend in the tower wall, which is also referred to as internal pre-tensioning. For this purpose, usually during the reinforcement with concrete, an empty sleeve is cast with concrete, through which the tensioning elements are subsequently pulled. Alternatively, the tensioning part can also extend outside the tower wall, for example on the inside of the tower, which is also referred to as external pre-tensioning. The anchoring of the tensioning elements can be achieved, for example, via fixed anchors and tensioning anchors.

[0003] For example, DE 100 31 683 A1 discloses a tension concrete tower for a wind power plant, which has a foundation, a tower substantially made of concrete, and at least one cable-shaped tension steel element for tensioning the tower. It is proposed that the tension steel element is fixed by means of a tensioning recess provided on the tower.

[0004] DE 10 2013 211 750 A1 discloses a wind power plant with a foundation part and a tower, wherein the foundation part has a foundation plate and a foundation base on the foundation plate. A tensioning cable connection part with a plurality of holes for receiving tensioning cables is provided on the foundation base, wherein the tensioning cables are tensioned on the underside of the connection part by means of tensioning cable heads. The foundation plate and the foundation base are cast from concrete.

[0005] DE 10 2015 216 444 A1 discloses a wind power plant with a foundation, a steel tower with a plurality of tower sections and a plurality of tensioning elements. In this case, the lower end of the tensioning element is fastened in or under the first foundation section by means of a fastening unit. The tensioning element is fastened in or under the first foundation section at the upper end by means of the fastening unit. The upper end of the tensioning element protrudes from the upper end of the concrete foundation base and extends through the through-pocket. The upper end of the tensioning element is tensioned by means of the fastening unit. The outer side of the concrete foundation base is designed to be conical.

[0006] DE 10 2013 226 536 relates to a device having a concrete foundation and a tower for carrying a pod of a wind power installation, wherein the tower comprises a plurality of tower segments which are arranged along a tower axis and at least the uppermost tower segment comprises a head flange and a root flange, wherein the uppermost tower segment of the plurality of tower segments is formed as a steel element; and a plurality of tensioning cables or tension cables tension the concrete foundation with the head flange of the uppermost tower segment under tensile stress.

[0007] A wind power plant having a foundation and a tower placed on the foundation, the tower having a plurality of tower segments, is disclosed in DE 10 2013 225 128. The foundation has a tower base which is at least partially cast in the foundation. It is proposed that the tower base has at least two segments and that the lower tower segment of the tower is braced together with the segments of the tower base, in particular via tensioning rods.

[0008] Existing solutions allow good pretensioning of tensioning elements, in particular tensioning elements of a tower of a wind power installation, but they are generally expensive and complex structures and have a high technical complexity.

[0009] High manufacturing, assembly and maintenance costs are usually associated. In particular, the internal preload cannot usually be adjusted and / or corrected, or can only be adjusted and / or corrected by means of cost-intensive technical means and relatively high personnel and time expenditures.

[0010] The German Patent and Trademark Office searched the following prior art in the priority application for the present application: WO 2018 / 108 818 A1. Summary of the invention

[0011] The object on which the present invention is based is therefore to solve at least one of the problems mentioned. In particular, the object of the present invention is to provide a solution which allows a reliable and / or cost-effective prestressing of a tensioned concrete structure, in particular a tower of a wind power plant. Furthermore, in particular, the object of the present invention is to ensure the prestressing of a tensioned concrete structure, in particular a tower of a wind power plant, by means of a means which is easy to produce and / or easy to install and / or easy to replace. At least an alternative solution to the solutions known to date should be found.

[0012] The object is achieved by the method according to the invention. Advantageous embodiments are described in the invention.

[0013] According to a first aspect, a foundation device for a tower of a wind power plant is described, comprising a foundation part having an anchoring section and a supporting section for supporting a tower wall, and an adapter element having a fastening device for fastening the lower end of a tensioning element for pretensioning a tower for a wind power plant and having a connecting device for connecting the adapter element to the anchoring section of the foundation part.

[0014] The invention is based on the recognition that in existing solutions for anchoring and / or prestressing on foundation elements, a foundation cellar is usually formed below the foundation element in order to fasten a tensioned tensioning part, for example, to a cover of the foundation cellar by means of tensioning anchors. Typically, the tensioning part is guided through a corresponding opening in the cover of the cellar, tensioned by a hydraulic press, and then fastened against the cover by means of tensioning anchors. Reliable prestressing can be achieved in this way. However, the prestressing is associated with high installation costs and a great deal of work.

[0015] In the solution described here, the adapter element is used for pre-tensioning and / or anchoring a tensioning element of a tower of a wind power plant, in particular for applying external tensioning forces and / or internal tensioning forces to the tower of the wind power plant. For this purpose, the adapter element has a fastening device, to which the lower end of the tensioning element can be fastened and preferably tensioned and / or anchored. Preferably, the upper end of the tensioning element can be fastened and preferably anchored to the upper end of the tower of the wind power plant. The tensioning element can preferably be tensioned at the lower end and / or at the upper end of the tower of the wind power plant. For this purpose, for example, a tensioning tool can be mounted on the end of the tensioning element.

[0016] The adapter element can preferably be arranged on an anchoring section of the foundation element and can be fastened to the anchoring section of the foundation element by means of a connecting device, preferably in a fixed position. In this case, the anchoring section is designed to cooperate with the connecting device of the adapter element. The anchoring section can in particular be designed as part of the upper side of the foundation element and preferably extends from the upper side of the foundation element into the interior of the foundation element. The adapter element can preferably be arranged on the anchoring section so that the anchoring and / or tensioning of the tensioning element can preferably be realized on the upper side of the foundation element or above the upper side of the foundation element and a foundation base can be omitted.

[0017] In addition, the base element preferably has a support section which is designed as a bearing surface for the tower wall. The support section can be designed in particular to receive and fasten the lower tower section. Preferably, the tower wall or the lower tower section can be arranged on the support section. The support section can be designed in particular as part of the upper side of the base element and preferably extends from the upper side of the base element into the interior of the base element.

[0018] Compared to known solutions for pre-tensioning a wind power plant tower, for example a wind power plant tower with a foundation base, a basic device having a foundation part and an adapter element for pre-tensioning a wind power plant tower can be produced and / or installed significantly more cost-effectively. The foundation part can thus be designed to be flatter and material costs can thus be saved. Furthermore, by means of such an adapter element, a wind power plant tower can also be tensioned more cost-effectively and / or with greater reliability overall.

[0019] The adapter element can preferably be arranged inside the tower of the wind power plant. In this embodiment, the adapter element is preferably not visible on the outer circumferential surface of the tower. In addition, the preferably separate arrangement of the adapter element allows greater flexibility in the design of the interior space in the tower. For example, certain areas of the base surface inside the tower can be free for inserts, such as pipelines, climbing aids, etc.

[0020] Alternatively, the adapter element may preferably be arranged outside the tower so as to be accessible from the outside.A combination of adapter elements outside and inside the tower wall may also be preferred.

[0021] Another advantage of the basic device with the adapter element fastened to the anchoring section of the basic part is that a basic part of lower complexity can be used, which reduces the technical and cost expenditure for the production of the basic part. In addition, not only the maintenance of the preload of the wind power plant tower can be facilitated, but also the repair of the preload of the wind power plant tower can be facilitated.

[0022] Furthermore, it is advantageous that not only wind turbine towers that are already in operation can be retrofitted with the adapter element by means of internal and / or external pretensioning. In particular, wind turbine towers that have, for example, damaged tensioning elements and / or an insufficient number for changed load conditions can also be retrofitted with the adapter element and other tensioning elements and operated analogously.

[0023] The foundation element can preferably be inserted into the bottom trench, wherein the upper side of the foundation element is particularly preferably substantially in the bottom plane and is preferably designed to be flat and / or at least uncurved. The foundation element can preferably have: at least one elevated section, the upper side of which is above the bottom plane; and / or at least one lower section, the upper side of which is below the bottom plane. The support section can particularly preferably be spaced apart from the anchoring section or be formed adjacent to the anchoring section. The support section and the anchoring section can particularly preferably be spaced apart differently from the vertical longitudinal axis of the wind power plant tower. Preferably, the anchoring section can have a larger and / or smaller spacing from the vertical longitudinal axis of the wind power plant tower in the radial direction than the support section. Therefore, the adapter element can be arranged further inwards and / or further outwards compared to the tower wall.

[0024] Preferably, the support section can be annular, particularly preferably adapted to the shape of the tower wall of the wind power plant tower. Wind power plant towers usually have an annular cross section orthogonal to the vertical longitudinal axis. The annular cross section can be designed as a circular ring or can also have a polygonal shape. Therefore, the term "annular" is currently to be understood not only as a circular ring design, but also as a polygonal and / or multi-angle design with a plurality of straight sections. Therefore, the anchoring section can be formed in particular inside the surrounding support section that is closed itself and / or outside the surrounding support section that is closed itself.

[0025] Preferably, the adapter element can be arranged and fastened on the anchoring section, ie, on the upper side of the base part. The fastening of the adapter element on the anchoring section can be realized, for example, by means of an adhesive layer or a connecting means layer.

[0026] Preferably, the underside of the adapter element can extend into the interior of the anchoring section, ie into the interior of the base element, and be fastened there, in particular cast with concrete.

[0027] Alternatively, the underside of the adapter element can also be arranged and preferably fastened to the spacer, wherein preferably the spacer is arranged and preferably fastened to the anchoring section. Particularly preferably, the adapter element can be removably fastened to the spacer, and the spacer can be removably fastened to the anchoring section. For example, the spacer can be arranged on the anchoring section and preferably fastened by means of the weight of the adapter element. The spacer can be designed as two, three or more mutually spaced, preferably uniformly spaced ridges or as an inherently closed ring, in particular an inherently closed ring adapted to the shape of the underside of the adapter element.

[0028] Preferably, two, three or more tensioning elements may be provided, which preferably extend parallel to a direction, preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the wind power plant tower. The tensioning elements may also be inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the wind power plant tower. The inclination angle of the tensioning elements preferably corresponds to the inclination angle of the wind power plant tower, in particular the inclination angle of the inner side and / or outer side of the wall of the wind power plant tower. Furthermore, the tensioning elements may preferably have different inclination angles.

[0029] The tensioning element is preferably formed from steel or from a material comprising steel. The tensioning element may particularly preferably be formed from fibers or include fibers, in particular steel fibers and / or carbon fibers and / or aramid fibers and / or ceramic fibers and / or natural fibers and / or glass fibers, etc. The tensioning element may, for example, include a rod and / or be configured in the shape of a rod. The tensioning element may include a rope or be configured in the shape of a rope. The tensioning element may include a filler and / or a rope, wherein the rope preferably includes a plurality of metal wires. The filler is preferably surrounded by ropes and / or metal wires. The material of the filler may include plastic and / or steel and / or natural fibers and / or artificial fibers, wherein the filler is preferably configured in the shape of a line and / or a rope and / or a rod and / or a fiber and / or a rod.

[0030] The fastening device is designed for fastening the tensioning element, in particular a joint, preferably in the form of a wedge, for fastening the tensioning element. The fastening device is preferably designed to be preferably detachably and / or preferably prestressed connected to the tensioning element. The tensioning element is preferably designed to be preferably fastened and / or preferably prestressed connected in the fastening device by means of a joint, in particular a wedge. Here, the joint can preferably be fastened and / or preferably prestressed connected in the fastening device by means of an anchor.

[0031] The adapter element preferably has two, three or more tensioning elements and / or two, three or more fastening devices. The number of tensioning elements preferably equals the number of fastening devices. Particularly preferably, two, three or more adapter elements are arranged on the anchoring section and / or on two, three or more anchoring sections, wherein the adapter elements are preferably arranged equidistantly, in particular equidistantly in the circumferential direction, from one another.

[0032] Prestressing, in particular applying a tensile force, for example by means of a tensioning element, can also be referred to as tensioning. Therefore, in the present application, the two terms "prestressing" and "tensioning" (and the term pairs derived therefrom, such as "prestressing / tensioning", "prestressed / tensioned", etc.) can preferably be understood as interchangeable and / or synonymous. Applying a tensile force can also be referred to as anchoring. Therefore, the terms "anchoring" or "anchoring" can also be understood here synonymously.

[0033] Whenever the arrangement of the adapter element relative to the wind power installation tower is mentioned, directional specifications such as, for example, "radially", "in the circumferential direction", etc. preferably relate to the tower, in particular to the essentially vertical longitudinal axis of the tower, and any cross-sectional shapes of such a tower in particular relate not only to circular cross-sections but also to polygonal cross-sections. Furthermore, specifications such as "horizontally", "vertically", "lower", "upper", etc. preferably also also relate to the installed state of the wind power installation tower. Thus, in the installed state, the base part usually forms the lower end of the wind power installation tower and the nacelle forms the upper end of the wind power installation tower.

[0034] The invention is not limited to use in wind power plant towers, although the invention can be used particularly advantageously and economically therein. Rather, the foundation device described here for prestressing can also be used in similar load conditions of other buildings, in particular in towers of different types.

[0035] In a particularly preferred embodiment variant of the basic device, it is proposed that the adapter element is designed in the form of a ring. Preferably, the fastening device is defined by the cross section of the opening defined by the preferably closed ring. Preferably, the tensioning element can be guided through the opening of the ring and fastened by means of an anchor whose size is greater than the size of the cross section of the opening of the ring. Particularly preferably, the adapter element can be designed as a segment ring composed of at least two ring segments. The at least two segment rings can preferably be combined during installation so that the lower end of the tensioning element can be easily introduced and fastened. The design of the adapter element composed of at least two ring segments is particularly advantageous in that the ring segments are preferably simple to manufacture and / or simple to transport and / or simple to set, and thus also preferably ensure simple fastening and tensioning of the tensioning element.

[0036] The adapter element can preferably be designed as a cylinder, a truncated pyramid, a truncated cone or the like. It is particularly preferred that the adapter element can be arranged and fastened on the upper side of the anchoring section. Preferably, the adapter element can have a side wall, which preferably forms a cladding surface, which extends from the lower side of the adapter element to the upper side of the adapter element and comprises a flange, preferably a flange at the upper side of the adapter element, which preferably protrudes radially inward from the side wall. The flange can preferably extend substantially orthogonally to the upper side of the adapter element and form a projection. The height of the side wall can preferably be greater than the height of the flange, and particularly preferably, the height of the side wall can be greater than the height of the flange and less than twice the height of the flange. Preferably, the height of the side wall can be at least twice, three times or four times the height of the flange. The design of the side wall and the flange can preferably define a cavity, which defines the fastening device.

[0037] Alternatively, it can be particularly preferred that the adapter element extends from its lower side substantially in a rod-like manner to its upper side. Preferably, a support can be formed on the upper side of the rod-shaped base body, which preferably extends from the rod-shaped base body to its end side. The rod-shaped base body can preferably extend orthogonally to the surface of the base part or the anchoring section. The support can preferably extend orthogonally to the rod-shaped base body. The fastening device can preferably be formed by a recess, preferably a channel, which is preferably formed in the rod-shaped base body and / or the support. In addition, the fastening device can be defined by an intermediate space between a first support, preferably an end side of the first support, of the first rod-shaped adapter element and a second support, preferably an end side of the second support, of the second rod-shaped adapter element arranged spaced apart from the first rod-shaped adapter element.

[0038] According to another preferred embodiment variant, the fastening device extends substantially in the vertical direction from the upper side of the adapter element through the adapter element and / or into the interior of the adapter element. Thus, the fastening device can preferably extend orthogonally to the upper side of the adapter element and / or orthogonally to the lower side of the adapter element. Here, the fastening device can particularly preferably be designed as a recess, in particular as a through-opening.

[0039] Preferably, the fastening device can be delimited by a possible cavity and / or a possible intermediate space and / or a recess.

[0040] Preferably, the first fastening section can form a passage from the upper side of the adapter element to the second fastening section. In this case, the first fastening section can have a certain size so that the tensioning element is guided through. The second fastening section can preferably be formed either inside the adapter element and have a size that is set up to fasten the tensioning element, preferably by means of an anchor. Alternatively, the second fastening section can preferably be formed on the lower side of the adapter element and preferably fasten the tensioning element by means of an anchor.

[0041] It is particularly preferred that the fastening device extends substantially in the vertical direction into the interior of the adapter element.

[0042] Furthermore, it is preferred that the fastening device extends substantially in a vertical direction from an upper side of the adapter element through the adapter element.

[0043] According to another preferred design, the anchoring section includes a connecting element, which is configured to cooperate with the connecting device. For this purpose, the threaded rod or other tensioning part can be particularly preferably integrated in the base part, that is, preferably cast in the base part with concrete and / or anchored in the base part, and preferably protrude upward from the surface of the base part. Alternatively or additionally, a foundation cage can be preferably integrated in the base part, and the foundation cage includes a threaded rod or other tensioning part to connect the adapter element to the foundation cage. Preferably, the threaded rod or other tensioning part can pass through the connecting device, which is preferably configured as a channel from the bottom side of the adapter element to the top side of the adapter element, and the threaded rod or other tensioning part can be preferably fastened and / or preferably screwed on the top side of the adapter element. Through the design, the adapter element can be particularly simply and cost-effectively connected to the base part, and in particular, for example, reliably prevented from moving. The particularly reliable connection of the adapter element on the anchoring section plays a decisive role in particular when tightening the wind power plant tower. As a result, the base part can be configured to be significantly flatter. A further advantage is that the design of the base cage and / or of the threaded rods or other tensioning parts integrated in the base part can be adapted to the region of the anchoring section.

[0044] The connecting device can be particularly preferably formed at the side wall or the rod-shaped base of the adapter element, and preferably extends from the bottom side of the adapter element to the top side. Here, the connecting device can preferably be set up to cooperate with the anchoring section and preferably fasten the adapter element to the base in a fixed position.

[0045] Furthermore, it is preferred that the adapter element has two, three or more connecting devices, thereby ensuring a particularly reliable, stationary fastening of the adapter element on the anchoring section and preventing undesired displacements due to the forces that occur.

[0046] According to another preferred embodiment variant, the anchoring section comprises one, two, three or more connecting elements which are designed to cooperate with the connecting device. Each connecting device can preferably have one, two, three or more connecting elements. As a result, the adapter element can be fastened particularly reliably to the anchoring section and / or the tensioning element can be prestressed by means of the adapter element, if necessary.

[0047] According to a preferred embodiment variant, the foundation element comprises reinforced concrete and / or tensioned concrete, or consists completely or partially of reinforced concrete and / or tensioned concrete.

[0048] It is further preferred that the adapter element comprises reinforced concrete and / or tensioned concrete or is formed completely or partially from reinforced concrete and / or tensioned concrete. It is particularly preferred that the adapter element is formed from steel or is formed as a reinforced concrete product and / or tensioned concrete product.

[0049] According to another preferred embodiment variant, the first clear distance between the bottom side of the fastening device and the anchoring section is dimensioned so that an anchor for the tensioning element can be arranged there, and / or the second clear distance between the bottom side of the adapter element and the anchoring section is dimensioned so that an anchor for the tensioning element and / or a tensioning tool for tensioning the tensioning element can be arranged there.

[0050] Preferably, the tensioning anchor and / or the fixed anchor are used for tensioning a building, in particular a tower of a wind power plant. The tensioning anchor can be connected to the fixed anchor at another location of the building, preferably via one or more tensioning elements, and can preferably generate tensile stress on a component of the building or between two components, for example between tower sections, in particular a tower of a wind power plant, by applying tensile stress between the tensioning anchor and the fixed anchor. For this purpose, the tensioning anchor can have a coupling mechanism for mounting a tensioning tool and is particularly designed so that a tensioning cable moves against the tensioning anchor and thus puts the tensioning anchor under tensile stress. In contrast, the fixed anchor is preferably used to hold one or more tensioning cables on the fixed anchor. For this purpose, the fixed anchor can be fixed to a suitable location of the building, and preferably no functional mechanism for changing or increasing the tensile stress of the tensioning cable is required. In general, the anchoring and / or pretensioning of the tensioning part can be achieved by means of the tensioning anchor, preferably at the upper end or the lower end of the tower.

[0051] Particularly preferably, the first clear distance and / or the second clear distance can each be dimensioned from the upper side of the anchoring section. It is also preferred that the tensioning element can be fastened in the anchor by means of a wedge. This design ensures accessibility of the fixed anchor and / or the tensioning anchor and simplifies both installation and maintenance work.

[0052] Another preferred development of the basic device is characterized by a deflection device for deflecting the tensioning element toward the fastening device. This embodiment is advantageous in particular when the internal tensioning and / or the external tensioning is to be carried out in the vicinity of the tower wall.

[0053] The deflection device can preferably comprise a first deflection unit and a second deflection unit, wherein the first deflection unit is preferably arranged substantially in the vertical direction, preferably centrally, above the fastening device and is designed to deflect a tensioning element extending from the adapter element in the vertical direction such that the tensioning element preferably extends substantially horizontally toward the tower wall. A second deflection unit can preferably be provided near the tower wall, preferably at the tower wall or inside the tower wall, preferably partially inside the tower wall, which is designed to deflect the tensioning element such that the inclination angle of the tensioning element corresponds to the inclination angle of the wind power plant tower and / or such that the tensioning element extends substantially parallel to the tower wall. By means of this design, the adapter element can be arranged at a distance from the tower wall and thus the tensioning element can be further inwardly fastened and / or prestressed, while at the same time the tensioning force can be advantageously transmitted further outwardly to the tower wall in the radial direction. Thus, for example, disadvantageous force transmission and / or moments that can occur during external tensioning, in particular due to the distance from the tower wall, can be avoided or reduced. This makes it possible for the clamping by means of the adapter element to be used both as an individual clamping technique and as an additional clamping technique for a plurality of towers in the case of newly erected towers or in the case of tower retrofitting.

[0054] According to a further aspect, an adapter element for a basic device is described, which has a fastening device for fastening a lower end of a tensioning element for pretensioning a tower for a wind power plant and has a connecting device for connecting the adapter element to an anchoring section of a basic part.

[0055] Furthermore, aspects of a tensioning device for a tower of a wind power plant are described, which comprises an adapter element and / or a base device and a tensioning element, whose lower end is fastened to the fastening device and whose upper end can be fastened to the upper end of the tower.

[0056] Preferably, by tensioning the tensioning element, a tensioning force can be transmitted to the fastening device and / or via the fastening device to the adapter element and / or via the adapter element to the base part, in particular the anchoring section.

[0057] Furthermore, aspects of the use of an adapter element for anchoring and / or pretensioning elements and / or for tensioning devices are described.

[0058] According to a further aspect, a tower for a wind power plant is described, which tower comprises a tensioning device and / or an adapter element and / or a foundation device, wherein a tower wall is arranged on an anchoring section.

[0059] According to a further aspect, a wind power installation is described which comprises a tower and / or an adapter element and / or a foundation device.

[0060] With regard to further advantages, implementation variants and design details of these further aspects and possible developments thereof, reference is also made to the previously described description of the corresponding features and developments of the basic device.

[0061] According to another aspect, a method for producing a foundation device for a wind power plant is described, the method comprising the following steps: producing a base part having a load-bearing section and an anchoring section; and producing or providing an adapter element that can be arranged on the anchoring section, the adapter element having a fastening device for fastening the lower end of a tensioning element, the tensioning element being used for pre-tensioning a tower for a wind power plant, and the adapter element having a connecting device for connecting the adapter element to the anchoring section of the base part.

[0062] Preferably, the base part and the adapter element can be manufactured or provided simultaneously or continuously. The base part can be cast on site, preferably from cast-in-place concrete, preferably in one piece. More preferably, the adapter element can be provided as a finished or semi-finished product and can be arranged and fastened on the anchoring section provided for this purpose after the casting and hardening of the base part.

[0063] The method for producing a foundation device for a wind energy installation can preferably be improved by preferably transporting the adapter element from the production site to the installation site.

[0064] A further preferred development of the method is characterized in that producing the base part includes providing a connecting element which is designed to cooperate with the connecting device.

[0065] The base part can preferably be designed such that in the region of the anchoring section, a connecting element, preferably in the form of a connecting reinforcement, ie a threaded rod or other clamping part, projects from the interior of the base part, preferably substantially orthogonally from the upper side of the base part.

[0066] According to the invention, the object mentioned at the outset is achieved by a method for pre-tensioning a tower of a wind power plant, the method comprising the following steps: providing a tensioning device and / or an adapter element and / or a foundation device; fastening the lower end of the tensioning element to the fastening device of the adapter element; fastening the upper end of the tensioning element to the upper end of the tower; and tensioning the tensioning element at the lower end of the tensioning element and / or at the upper end of the tensioning element. Preferably, the lower end of the tensioning element can be pulled through the recess and fastened by means of a tensioning anchor located below by means of a wedge.

[0067] Preferably, in a first step, the upper end of the tensioning element can be preferably fastened to the upper end of the tower, and subsequently the tensioning element can be fastened and preferably tensioned to the lower end of the tensioning element. Alternatively, in a first step, the lower end of the tensioning element can be preferably fastened to the lower end of the tower, and subsequently the tensioning element can be fastened and preferably tensioned to the upper end of the tower. Preferably, the fastening of the lower end and the upper end of the tensioning element can be effected preferably simultaneously or successively, wherein tensioning is preferably effected only after the fastening of both ends.

[0068] Furthermore, it is preferred that tensioning the tensioning element comprises mounting the tensioning tool on a tensioning anchor arranged at the upper end of the tensioning element and / or mounting the tensioning tool on a tensioning anchor arranged at the lower end of the tensioning element.

[0069] For example, the tensioning element can be tensioned at the top and / or at the bottom in a first step.

[0070] Furthermore, it is preferred that before the tensioning element there is a clearance between the anchoring section and the adapter element, in particular between the upper side of the anchoring section and the lower side of the adapter element, which clearance decreases after the tensioning element. Preferably, the clearance can be reduced to zero if necessary.

[0071] Another preferred development of the method is characterized in that the reduction of the clear distance between the anchoring section of the base part and the adapter element is preferably achieved by means of a connecting element and preferably by means of a connecting device, and / or preferably between the anchoring section and the adapter element, a spacer is preferably temporarily used, and / or the height of the spacer is preferably variable, and / or the spacer is preferably removed before the tensioning element is tensioned.

[0072] The method described here and its possible refinements have features or method steps which make it particularly suitable for the basic device described here and its refinements as well as for adapter elements, tensioning devices, wind power plant towers and wind power plants. For further advantages, implementation variants and implementation details of the other aspects and their possible refinements, reference is also made to the description of the corresponding features and refinements of the other aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] Preferred embodiments are explained by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings show:

[0074] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view showing a wind power installation with a tower and a nacelle;

[0075] Figure 2 A sectional view of a basic device according to a first embodiment variant is shown;

[0076] Figure 3 A sectional view of a basic device according to a second embodiment variant is shown;

[0077] Figure 4 A sectional view of a basic device according to a third embodiment variant is shown;

[0078] Figure 5 shows a schematic top view of a basic device for arranging an adapter element according to a first variant;

[0079] Figure 6 shows a schematic top view of a basic device according to a second variant for arranging an adapter element;

[0080] In the figures, elements which are identical or have substantially the same function or which have a similar function are denoted by the same reference numerals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] Figure 1 A schematic three-dimensional view of a wind energy installation is shown. The wind energy installation 100 has a tower 102 and a nacelle 104 on the tower 102. An aerodynamic rotor 106 with three rotor blades 108 and a fairing 110 is provided at the nacelle 104. The aerodynamic rotor 106 is set in a rotational motion by the wind during operation of the wind energy installation, thereby also rotating the aerodynamic rotor or the rotor of a generator directly or indirectly coupled to the aerodynamic rotor 106. The generator is arranged in the nacelle 104 and generates electrical energy. The pitch angle of the rotor blades 108 can be changed by a pitch motor at the rotor blade root of the corresponding rotor blade 108. The tower 102 of the wind energy installation 100 has a basic device as described in the text as part of a tensioning system.

[0082] Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The present invention shows a foundation device 200 for a wind power plant tower, which has a foundation part 201 with an anchoring section 202 and a support section 203 spaced apart from the anchoring section 202. A tower wall 1020 is arranged on the support section 203, which is designed as a tower wall support surface. In the region of the anchoring section 202, the foundation part 201 has a foundation cage 200 with connecting elements 2001, which extend from the foundation cage 200 emerging from the interior of the foundation part 201 to the surface of the foundation part 201 and protrude from the surface in the vertical direction. The connecting elements 2001 define the anchoring section 202 of the foundation part 201. The connecting elements 2001 are designed to cooperate with a connecting device 2022 of an adapter element 2020.

[0083] The adapter element 2020 comprises a connecting device 2022 which extends from the upper side 2020b of the adapter element 2020 to the lower side 2020a of the adapter element 2020 and is configured as a through opening. Here, the adapter element 2020 is placed on the anchoring section 202 so that the connecting element 2001 is guided through the connecting device 2022 and fastened to the upper side 2020b of the adapter element 2020.

[0084] The adapter element 2020 is designed as a truncated cone and comprises a side wall, which extends from the lower side 2020a of the adapter element 2020 to the upper side 2020a of the adapter element 2020 and comprises a flange 2025 protruding radially inward from the side wall. The side wall and the flange 2025 define a cavity inside the adapter element. The cavity is designed as a channel and extends through the adapter element 2020 in the vertical direction from the upper side 2020b of the adapter element 2020. Here, the cavity, which comprises a first fastening section 2021a and a second fastening section 2021b, defines a fastening device 2021. The side wall has a height that is approximately twice the height of the flange 2025. The first fastening section 2021a extends from the upper side 2020b of the adapter element 2020 to the second fastening section 2021b and defines a channel, which has a diameter that allows the tensioning element 303 to be guided through. Here, the first fastening section 2021a is defined by a flange 2025. The second fastening section 2021b extends between the first fastening section 2021a and the underside 2020a of the adapter element 2020. The diameter of the second fastening section 2021b is greater than the diameter of the first fastening section 2021a in order to reliably anchor the anchor 301 in which the tensioning element 303 is fastened by means of the wedge 302. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment, two tensioning elements 303 are respectively guided through the first fastening section 2022a. The tensioning elements 303 each have a wedge 302 in order to anchor them in the anchor 301. In this case, the second fastening section 2022b has a height greater than the height of the anchor 301, which has the wedge 302 fastened therein.

[0085] Figure 2 The wind power plant tower is shown being tensioned outside the interior of the tower. The tensioning elements 303 anchored in the adapter element 2020 extend in the vertical direction substantially parallel to one another from the adapter element 2020 to the upper end of the tower (not shown here).

[0086] according to Figure 31 shows a design for internal tensioning. For this purpose, a first deflection unit 401 is arranged vertically centrally above the fastening device and spaced apart from the adapter element. The deflection unit 401 is designed to deflect the tensioning element 303 extending in the vertical direction from the upper side 2020b of the adapter element 2020 so that the tensioning element is deflected by approximately 90° toward the tower wall 1020 and extends horizontally toward the tower wall 1020. The second deflection unit 402 is arranged at the tower wall 1020 and extends partially into the interior of the tower wall 1020 so that the tensioning element 303 extends within the tower wall toward the upper end of the tower wall (not shown here). In this case, the tensioning element 303 extends substantially parallel to the outside and the inside of the tower wall 1020.

[0087] Figure 4 Another embodiment variant of the basic device 200 is shown. The basic structure of the adapter element corresponds to Figure 2 and Figure 3 . Here, the adapter element 2020 is arranged on the spacer 2026. Here, the lower side of the spacer 2026 is arranged on the upper side of the anchoring section 202, wherein the lower side 2020a of the adapter element 2020 is arranged on the upper side of the spacer 2026. In the method for prestressing a tower, the embodiment variant is particularly advantageous. After the tensioning element 303 is fastened to the lower end and the upper end of the tower, the spacer 2026 can be removed or reduced, for example. As a result, the adapter element 2020 can be moved in the direction of gravity, i.e. towards the anchoring section 202, and can be fastened by means of the connecting element 2001 fastened in the connecting device 200, so that the tensioning device is tensioned.

[0088] Figure 5 and Figure 6 Different arrangement variants and design variants of the adapter element 2020 on the anchoring section 202 are respectively shown, which is formed within the inherently closed, circumferential support section 203 .

[0089] Here, Figure 5 An annular device consisting of a plurality of individual adapter elements 2020 in the form of annular segments is shown. The annular segments are arranged radially spaced apart from the carrier segment 203 and are combined to form a surrounding adapter ring. Each annular segment can particularly preferably be manufactured as a finished product or semi-finished product, so that particularly simple installation can be achieved. The individual adapter elements 2020 each include four connecting devices 2022 and two individual fastening devices 2021.

[0090] exist Figure 62 shows an exemplary design of the arrangement of four adapter elements 2020 on the anchoring section 202. Here, the anchoring section 202 is formed in the support section 203. The adapter elements 2020 are formed as truncated cones and are arranged on the corresponding anchoring section 202 radially spaced from the support section 203. The adapter elements 2020 are substantially uniformly spaced from each other. According to the embodiment, each adapter element 2020 includes four connecting devices 2022 and one fastening device 2021.

[0091] The basic device, the adapter element and the base part have various advantages. The adapter element can be produced in particular at a low cost, in particular prefabricated, and can be transported easily. Furthermore, the base part can also be produced flatter and less complex, so that not only working time but also costs can be saved. In particular, the service life of the wind power plant tower can also be extended, since the adapter element and / or the tensioning element can be easily replaced in the event of damage.

[0092] Reference numerals list

[0093] 100 Wind energy equipment

[0094] 102 Tower

[0095] 104 Pod

[0096] 106 Aerodynamic Rotor

[0097] 108 Rotor Blades

[0098] 110 Fairing

[0099] 200 Basic Devices

[0100] 201 Basic parts

[0101] 202 Anchoring section

[0102] 203 load-bearing section

[0103] 300 Tensioning equipment

[0104] 301 Anchor / Tension Anchor / Fixed Anchor

[0105] 302 Wedge

[0106] 303 tensioning element

[0107] 400 Deflection Device

[0108] 401 First deflection unit

[0109] 402 Second deflection unit

[0110] 1020 Tower Wall

[0111] 2000 Basic Cage

[0112] 2001 Connecting elements

[0113] 2020 Adapter Elements

[0114] 2020a Lower side

[0115] 2020b Upper side

[0116] 2021 Fastening device

[0117] 2021a First fastening section

[0118] 2021b Second fastening section

[0119] 2022 Connecting Devices

[0120] 2024 Sidewall

[0121] 2025 Flange

[0122] 2026 Spacer

Claims

1. A method for pre-tightening a tower (102) of a wind power plant (100), the method comprising the following steps: - providing a tensioning device (300) having a base device (200) and a tensioning element (303), o wherein the foundation device (200) comprises a foundation member (201) having an anchoring section (202) and a bearing section (203) for bearing a tower wall (1020), o wherein the foundation device (200) comprises an adapter element (2020) having a fastening device (2021) for fastening the lower end of the tensioning element (303), the tensioning element being used for pre-tightening a tower (102) for a wind energy device (100), and the adapter element having a connecting device (2022) for connecting the adapter element (2020) to an anchoring section (202) of the foundation (201), - fastening the lower end of the tensioning element (303) to the fastening device (2021) of the adapter element (2020), - fastening the upper end of the tensioning element (303) to the upper end of the tower (102), - tensioning the tensioning element (303) at its lower end and / or at its upper end, - wherein the tensioning of the tensioning element (303) is achieved by reducing the clear distance between the base element (201) and the adapter element (220), -characterized in that Between the anchoring section (202) and the adapter element (2020), a spacer (2026) is used.

2. The method for prestressing a tower (102) of a wind power installation (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The adapter element (2020) is annular in shape.

3. The method for pre-tensioning a tower (102) of a wind power installation (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The fastening device (2021) extends substantially in a vertical direction from an upper side (2020b) of the adapter element (2020) through the adapter element (2020) and / or into the interior of the adapter element (2020).

4. The method for pre-tensioning a tower (102) of a wind power installation (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The anchoring section (202) comprises a connecting element (2001) which is designed to cooperate with the connecting device (2022).

5. The method for pre-tensioning a tower (102) of a wind power installation (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: - a first clearance between the underside of the fastening device (2021) and the anchoring section (202) is dimensioned such that an anchoring element (301) of the tensioning element (303) can be arranged there, and / or The second clearance between the underside (2020a) of the adapter element (2020) and the anchoring section is dimensioned such that a tensioning tool for tensioning the tensioning element (303) can be arranged there.

6. The method for prestressing a tower (102) of a wind power installation (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that A second clearance between the underside (2020a) of the adapter element (2020) and the anchoring section is dimensioned such that an anchoring element (301) of the tensioning element (303) can be arranged there.

7. Method for pre-tensioning a tower (102) of a wind energy installation (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, the tower comprising a deflection device (400) for deflecting a tensioning element (303) towards the fastening device (2021).

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