A steel damping bearing with spatial universality

Abstract

The present invention relates to a steel damping bearing with spatial universality, comprising: a support module, which includes a bottom plate, a top plate, and a spherical crown assembly. The bottom plate and the spherical crown assembly are in movable contact with each other and have freedom of movement in the longitudinal direction. The spherical crown assembly and the top plate are in movable contact with each other and have freedom of movement in the transverse direction; a seismic limiting module, which includes a first transmission rib plate, a second transmission rib plate, a first rod-shaped damping unit, and a second rod-shaped damping unit. The first transmission rib plate and the second transmission rib plate are arranged along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction respectively. The two ends of the first transmission rib plate are respectively connected to the spherical crown assembly and the middle part of the first rod-shaped damping unit, etc. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can adapt to various installation space scenarios in the support system of bridge engineering and can selectively provide large-tonnage damping force according to the needs of vibration control (vibration control direction, whether to provide a limiting function in the vertical direction).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of damping structures and relates to a steel damping bearing with spatial universality. Background Art

[0002] Bridge seismic isolation and energy dissipation technology can effectively prevent the main structure of a bridge from suffering serious damage during an earthquake. Among them, controllable seismic behavior is a basic technical requirement for a series of seismic isolation and energy dissipation devices. When facing engineering applications, strong spatial adaptability and good engineering practicability are another basic requirements for seismic isolation and energy dissipation devices.

[0003] Chinese patents CN202954294U and CN201485785U have successively disclosed a two-way damping energy dissipation pot bearing and an elastoplastic anti-falling beam spherical steel bearing. For the former, since the damping unit is in an ε shape, it occupies a large plane space. For the latter, since the damping unit is an elastoplastic column, it occupies a large vertical space, and it is relatively difficult to anchor the root of the damping unit. The higher the elastoplastic column, the more prominent the above problems. In addition, for the case where a higher tonnage damping force and a larger stroke displacement need to be provided, the problem of space occupation becomes more prominent. Therefore, the above two devices are restricted to varying degrees in different engineering scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a steel damping bearing with spatial universality, which has good engineering practicability while meeting the basic technical requirements of controllable and predictable seismic behavior of related devices.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A steel damping bearing with spatial universality, comprising:

[0007] A support module: It includes a bottom plate, a top plate, and a spherical crown assembly. The bottom plate and the spherical crown assembly are in movable contact and have a degree of freedom along the longitudinal direction. The spherical crown assembly and the top plate are in movable contact and have a degree of freedom along the transverse direction;

[0008] A seismic limiting module during an earthquake: It includes a first transmission rib plate, a second transmission rib plate, a first rod-shaped damping unit, and a second rod-shaped damping unit. The first transmission rib plate and the second transmission rib plate are arranged along the longitudinal and transverse directions respectively. The two ends of the first transmission rib plate are respectively connected to the spherical crown assembly and the middle of the first rod-shaped damping unit. The two ends of the second transmission rib plate are respectively connected to the spherical crown assembly and the second rod-shaped damping unit. The two ends of the first rod-shaped damping unit are movably connected to the bottom plate, and the two ends of the second rod-shaped damping unit are movably connected to the top plate.

[0009] Further, a first card slot and a second card slot are respectively provided on the bottom plate and the top plate. The end portions of the first rod-shaped damping unit and the second rod-shaped damping unit respectively extend into the first card slot and the second card slot, and respectively maintain a gap with the inner wall surfaces of the first card slot and the second card slot.

[0010] Furthermore, both the first rod-shaped damping unit and the second rod-shaped damping unit are integrally processed from an equal-length connecting section in the middle, and variable cross-section curve sections, equal-length transition sections, and end spherical heads symmetrically arranged at both ends of the equal-length connecting section.

[0011] Further, the first rod-shaped damping unit and the second rod-shaped damping unit are symmetrically arranged with the spherical crown assembly as the center, and one or more first rod-shaped damping units and second rod-shaped damping units are respectively provided longitudinally and transversely in each direction.

[0012] Further, the first rod-shaped damping unit and the second rod-shaped damping unit are located on the same horizontal plane, or the first rod-shaped damping unit and the second rod-shaped damping unit are arranged in a stacked manner in the vertical direction.

[0013] Further, a sliding contact pair composed of a first slideway along the longitudinal direction and a first slider slidably arranged on the first slideway is arranged between the bottom plate and the spherical crown assembly.

[0014] Further, a sliding contact pair composed of a second slideway along the transverse direction and a second slider slidably arranged on the second slideway is arranged between the top plate and the spherical crown assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the first slideway and the second slideway are respectively independently rectangular or T-shaped.

[0016] Further, a spherical crown cover plate and a spherical crown support plate are respectively provided above and below the spherical crown assembly. There is a movable contact between the bottom plate and the spherical crown support plate and it has a degree of freedom along the longitudinal direction. There is a movable contact between the spherical crown cover plate and the top plate and it has a degree of freedom along the transverse direction. At this time, the end of the first transmission rib plate is connected to the spherical crown support plate, and the end of the second transmission rib plate is connected to the spherical crown cover plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the spherical crown assembly is respectively arranged between the spherical crown support plate and the spherical crown cover plate through spherical contact and planar contact.

[0018] Further, stiffening rib plates for strengthening the connection are also provided on the first transmission rib plate and the second transmission rib plate.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. It has stronger spatial adaptability and engineering practicability. The rod-shaped damping units in two directions can be arranged horizontally extended or stacked vertically, respectively having the technical advantages of saving vertical space and horizontal space.

[0021] 2. According to the seismic target function requirements, multiple rod-shaped damping units can be set without significantly increasing the occupied space to provide large-tonnage damping force.

[0022] 3. On the premise of not affecting the mechanical behavior of the damping element during an earthquake, it can also provide a vertical limiting function, effectively avoiding the occurrence of the shock damage of the beam body being thrown upward under the vertical ground motion effect of the bridge in high-intensity earthquake areas.

[0023] 4. The boundary connection of the damping unit has better effect and higher reliability. Since the rod-shaped damping unit is integrally designed and processed, it solves the technical problems such as the difficult root anchoring of the previous cantilever structure form. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the steel damping bearing in Embodiment 1;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of one perspective of the partial steel damping bearing in Embodiment 1;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of another perspective of the partial steel damping bearing in Embodiment 1;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the partial steel damping bearing in Embodiment 1;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a half-sectional structure schematic diagram of one perspective of the partial steel damping bearing in Embodiment 1;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a half-sectional structure schematic diagram of another perspective of the partial steel damping bearing in Embodiment 1;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a structure schematic diagram and force diagram of the rod-shaped damping unit in Embodiment 1;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of one perspective of the partial steel damping bearing in Embodiment 2;

[0032] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of another perspective of the partial steel damping bearing in Embodiment 2;

[0033] Figure 10It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of one perspective of a partial steel damping bearing in Embodiment 3;

[0034] Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of another perspective of a partial steel damping bearing in Embodiment 3;

[0035] Figure 12 It is a side view of one perspective of the steel damping bearing in Embodiment 3;

[0036] Figure 13 It is a side view of another perspective of the steel damping bearing in Embodiment 3;

[0037] Figure 14 It is a side view of one perspective of the steel damping bearing in Embodiment 4;

[0038] Figure 15 It is a side view of another perspective of the steel damping bearing in Embodiment 4;

[0039] Description of the marks in the figure:

[0040] 1 - bottom plate, 2 - spherical crown supporting plate, 3 - spherical crown assembly, 4 - spherical crown cover plate, 5 - top plate, 6 - first bar-shaped damping unit, 7 - second bar-shaped damping unit, 8 - stiffening rib plate, 11 - first card slot, 12 - first rectangular slideway, 13 - first concave slideway, 21 - first transmission rib plate, 22 - first rectangular slider, 23 - first convex slider, 41 - second transmission rib plate, 42 - second rectangular slider, 43 - second convex slider, 51 - second card slot, 52 - second rectangular slideway, 53 - second concave slideway, 61 - end spherical head, 62 - equal straight transition section, 63 - variable cross-section curve section, 64 - equal straight connection section. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] In the following embodiments or examples, unless otherwise specified, the functional components or structures indicate that they are all conventional components or structures adopted in the art to achieve the corresponding functions.

[0045] In the bridge structure support system, the support requirements generally vary along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the bridge. For the bearing members, they can basically be divided into two types: movable type (two-way movable type, one-way movable type) and fixed type along the above directions. Hereinafter, the longitudinal direction refers to the longitudinal direction of the bridge, and the transverse direction refers to the transverse direction of the bridge.

[0046] To adapt to various installation space scenarios in the bridge engineering support system, etc., the present invention provides a steel damping bearing with spatial universality, and its structure is shown in Figures 1 to 6 、 Figures 8 to 11 etc., including:

[0047] Support module: It includes a bottom plate 1, a top plate 5, and a spherical crown assembly 3. There is a movable contact between the bottom plate 1 and the spherical crown assembly 3 and it has a degree of freedom along the longitudinal direction. There is a movable contact between the spherical crown assembly 3 and the top plate 5 and it has a degree of freedom along the transverse direction;

[0048] Earthquake-time limiting module: It includes a first transmission rib plate 21, a second transmission rib plate 41, a first rod-shaped damping unit 6, and a second rod-shaped damping unit 7. The first transmission rib plate 21 and the second transmission rib plate 41 are arranged along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction respectively. The two ends of the first transmission rib plate 21 are respectively connected to the middle part of the spherical crown assembly 3 and the first rod-shaped damping unit 6. The two ends of the second transmission rib plate 41 are respectively connected to the middle part of the spherical crown assembly 3 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 7. The two ends of the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 are movably connected to the bottom plate 1, and the two ends of the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 are movably connected to the top plate 5.

[0049] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1As shown in the figure, a first card slot 11 and a second card slot 51 are respectively provided on the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 5. The end parts of the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 respectively extend into the first card slot 11 and the second card slot 51, and respectively maintain a gap with the inner wall surfaces of the first card slot 11 and the second card slot 51. More preferably, for the case of a bidirectional movable bearing, a gap of 1-3 cm is reserved between the end ball head 61 of the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the first card slot 11 along the first slideway direction, and a gap of 1-3 cm is reserved between the end ball head 61 of the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 and the second card slot 51 along the first slideway direction; for the case of a unidirectional movable bearing, a gap of 1-3 cm is reserved between the end ball head 61 of the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the first card slot 11 along the first slideway direction; for the case of a fixed bearing, all the above gaps are set to 0 cm.

[0050] More specifically, please refer to Figure 7 As shown in Fig. a, both the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 are integrally processed from an equal-section connecting section 64 in the middle, and variable-section curve segments 63, equal-section transition segments 62 and end ball heads 61 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the equal-section connecting section 64. Here, the variable-section curve segment 63 is designed based on the equal-strain principle, that is, when the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the like undergo deformation, the strain distribution of the variable-section curve segment 63 is uniform. For relevant structural performances and the like, the following literature can be referred to: [1] Gao, H., & Wang, J. Research on Differences between Cylindrical and E-Shaped Dampers for the Bidirectional Seismic Control [J]. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2020, Vol. 25(4): 04020008. Similarly, the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 can also be designed with reference to the above.

[0051] More preferably, please refer to Figure 7 As shown in Fig. b, the bending moment diagrams of the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 under the action of an earthquake are shown as a triangular distribution, with the maximum bending moment in the middle, and the corresponding area is the maximum diameter of the variable-section curve segment 63, that is, the diameter of the equal-section connecting section 64. The bending moments at both ends are the smallest, and the corresponding area is the end ball head 61.

[0052] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1As shown, the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 are symmetrically arranged with the spherical crown assembly 3 as the center, and one or more (the number of multiple ones can be two or more) first rod-shaped damping units 6 and second rod-shaped damping units 7 are respectively provided along the longitudinal and transverse directions in each direction. At this time, please refer to Figures 8 to 11 as shown.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 are located on the same horizontal plane, or the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 are arranged in a stacked manner in the vertical direction.

[0054] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 as shown, a sliding contact pair composed of a first slideway along the longitudinal direction and a first slider slidably arranged in a matching manner on the first slideway is arranged between the bottom plate 1 and the spherical crown assembly 3.

[0055] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 as shown, a sliding contact pair composed of a second slideway along the transverse direction and a second slider slidably arranged in a matching manner on the second slideway is arranged between the top plate and the spherical crown assembly 3.

[0056] More specifically, the cross-sections of the first slideway and the second slideway are respectively independently rectangular or T-shaped. At this time, corresponding to the rectangle, the first slideway and the second slideway are respectively the first rectangular slideway 12 and the second rectangular slideway 52, and the first slider and the second slider are respectively the first rectangular slider 22 and the second rectangular slider 42, forming a non-tensile contact pair. Please refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13 as shown; when the cross-section (i.e., the contact cross-section of the slideway and the slider) is T-shaped, correspondingly, the first slideway and the second slideway are respectively the first concave slideway 13 and the second concave slideway 53, and the first slider and the second slider are respectively the first convex slider 23 and the second convex slider 43. Please refer to Figures 14 to 15 as shown. At the same time, a tensile contact pair composed of the first concave slideway 13 and the first convex slider 23 and a tensile contact pair composed of the second concave slideway 53 and the second convex slider 43 are provided, so as to realize the vertical tensile function of the steel damping bearing, and this function is realized by the operation support module, which is independent of the function of the earthquake-time limit module and does not affect each other.

[0057] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 6As shown in [figures], a spherical crown cover plate 4 and a spherical crown support plate 2 are respectively provided above and below the spherical crown assembly 3. The bottom plate 1 and the spherical crown support plate 2 are in movable contact with each other and have freedom in the longitudinal direction. The spherical crown cover plate 4 and the top plate 5 are in movable contact with each other and have freedom in the transverse direction. At this time, the end of the first transmission rib plate 21 is connected to the spherical crown support plate 2, and the end of the second transmission rib plate 41 is connected to the spherical crown cover plate 4.

[0058] Furthermore, the spherical crown assembly 3 is respectively arranged between the spherical crown support plate 2 and the spherical crown cover plate 4 through spherical contact and planar contact. Specifically, there is spherical contact between the spherical crown assembly 3 and the spherical crown support plate 2, and a spherical friction pair is set. The purpose is to perform spherical rotation similar to a spherical hinge to adapt to the angular deformation of the upper structure of the bridge structure (this is also one of the basic requirements for the bearing component, adapting to the angle). In addition, if the bearing is required to have vertical tensile capacity, then it is required that the spherical crown assembly 3 and the spherical crown cover plate 4 are fixedly connected (both horizontally and vertically). If the bearing is not required to have vertical tensile capacity, then the spherical crown assembly 3 and the spherical crown cover plate 4 can be partially movably connected (vertically movable connection, horizontally fixedly connected), or can be fixedly connected.

[0059] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 9 As shown in [figures], stiffening rib plates 8 for strengthening the connection are also provided on the first transmission rib plate 21 and the second transmission rib plate 41.

[0060] In the above embodiments, the first rod-shaped damping units 6 are arranged in parallel along the first slideway direction in two, or can also be multiple, that is, higher-tonnage damping force can be provided without significantly increasing the occupied space. Similarly, the second rod-shaped damping units 7 are arranged in parallel along the second slideway direction in two, or can also be multiple, that is, higher-tonnage damping force can be provided without significantly increasing the occupied space. The rod-shaped damping units in the two slideway directions can be arranged to extend horizontally. In this implementation form, the vertical space occupied by the steel damping bearing is smaller; they can also be arranged in a stacked manner vertically. In this implementation form, the planar space occupied by the steel damping bearing is smaller. Therefore, the steel damping bearings in the embodiments of the present invention have good spatial universality for various installation scenarios in the bridge engineering support system.

[0061] The above embodiments can be implemented separately, or can be combined in any two or more combinations.

[0062] When the bearing with spatial universality of the present invention is applied, taking a bridge engineering carrier as an example, under the normal service condition of the bridge structure, the spherical contact between the spherical crown component 3 and the spherical crown supporting plate 2 meets the requirement of the rotational displacement at the beam end of the bridge structure, and the planar contact between the bottom plate 1 and the spherical crown supporting plate 2 or the planar contact between the spherical crown cover plate 4 and the top plate 5 meets the requirement of the translational displacement at the beam end of the bridge structure; under the action of an earthquake, the transmission rib plate drives the rod-shaped damping unit to undergo plastic deformation along a specified direction, dissipating the earthquake energy and meeting the requirement of earthquake limit for the beam body.

[0063] In the present invention, the first slideway and the second slideway can be selectively arranged according to the supporting requirements of the bridge structure in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

[0064] In the present invention, for the case of a movable bearing, the relevant displacement requirements are met by reserving a gap (gap amount = bearing movement displacement amount) between the clamping groove and the spherical head 61 at the end of the rod-shaped damping unit along a specified direction; for the case of a fixed bearing, the aforementioned gap amount is set to zero, and the target strength and stiffness of the bearing components are provided by the elastic working range of the rod-shaped damping unit.

[0065] The present invention can selectively provide the function of vertical limit for the beam body. By simultaneously arranging "convex" and "concave" tensile contact pairs at the first slideway and the second slideway, the vertical tensile function is provided. The realization of this function is completed by the bearing operation and support module, and it will not interfere with the seismic mechanical behavior (undergoing plastic deformation along a specified direction) of the rod-shaped damping unit in the seismic limit module, with stronger controllability and predictability.

[0066] The above embodiments will be described in more detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0067] Embodiment 1:

[0068] To adapt to various installation space scenarios in the bridge engineering support system, etc., this embodiment provides a steel damping bearing with spatial universality, and its structure is shown in Figures 1 to 6 etc., including:

[0069] A support module: It includes a bottom plate 1, a top plate 5, and a spherical crown component 3. The bottom plate 1 and the spherical crown component 3 are in movable contact with each other and have a degree of freedom in the longitudinal direction. The spherical crown component 3 and the top plate 5 are in movable contact with each other and have a degree of freedom in the transverse direction;

[0070] During-earthquake limiting module: It includes a first transmission rib plate 21, a second transmission rib plate 41, a first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and a second rod-shaped damping unit 7. The first transmission rib plate 21 and the second transmission rib plate 41 are arranged longitudinally and transversely respectively. Two ends of the first transmission rib plate 21 are respectively connected to the middle parts of the spherical crown assembly 3 and the first rod-shaped damping unit 6. Two ends of the second transmission rib plate 41 are respectively connected to the spherical crown assembly 3 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 7. Two ends of the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 are movably connected to the bottom plate 1, and two ends of the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 are movably connected to the top plate 5. In the present invention, the spherical crown assembly 3 can be composed of a spherical crown-shaped block.

[0071] Please refer to again Figure 1 As shown in etc., first card slots 11 and second card slots 51 are respectively arranged on the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 5. End parts of the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 respectively extend into the first card slots 11 and the second card slots 51, and respectively keep intervals from inner wall surfaces of the first card slots 11 and the second card slots 51. A gap of 1 - 3 cm is reserved between the end spherical head 61 of the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the first card slot 11 along the first slideway direction. A gap of 1 - 3 cm is reserved between the end spherical head 61 of the second rod-shaped damping unit 77 and the second card slot 51 along the first slideway direction.

[0072] Please refer to again Figure 7 As shown in a, both the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 are integrally processed from an equal-diameter connecting section 64 in the middle, and variable cross-section curve sections 63, equal-diameter transition sections 62 and end spherical heads 61 symmetrically arranged at two ends of the equal-diameter connecting section 64. Here, the variable cross-section curve section 63 is designed based on the equal strain principle, that is, when the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 etc. undergoes deformation, the strain distribution of the variable cross-section curve section 63 is uniform. Please refer to again Figure 7 As shown in b, the force moment diagrams of the first rod-shaped damping unit 66 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 77 under earthquake action show a triangular distribution, with the maximum moment in the middle, and the corresponding area is the maximum diameter of the variable cross-section curve section 63, that is, the diameter of the equal-diameter connecting section 64. The moments at both ends are the smallest, and the corresponding area is the end spherical head 61.

[0073] Please refer to again Figure 1 As shown in etc., the first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 are symmetrically arranged with the spherical crown assembly 3 as the center. The first rod-shaped damping unit 6 and the second rod-shaped damping unit 7 are on the same horizontal plane, that is, they are arranged to extend orthogonally along the horizontal direction.

[0074] Please refer to again Figure 4As shown in [figures], a sliding contact pair composed of a first slideway along the longitudinal direction and a first slider slidably arranged on the first slideway is arranged between the bottom plate 1 and the spherical crown assembly 3.

[0075] Please refer to again Figure 4 As shown in [figures], a sliding contact pair composed of a second slideway along the transverse direction and a second slider slidably arranged on the second slideway is arranged between the top plate and the spherical crown assembly 3.

[0076] In this embodiment, the cross-sections of the first slideway and the second slideway are both rectangular. At this time, the first slideway and the second slideway are respectively the first rectangular slideway 12 and the second rectangular slideway 52, and the first slider and the second slider are respectively the first rectangular slider 22 and the second rectangular slider 42, forming a non-tensile contact pair.

[0077] Please refer to again Figures 1 to 6 As shown in [figures], a spherical crown cover plate 4 and a spherical crown support plate 2 are respectively arranged above and below the spherical crown assembly 3. The bottom plate 1 and the spherical crown support plate 2 are in movable contact and have freedom in the longitudinal direction. The spherical crown cover plate 4 and the top plate 5 are in movable contact and have freedom in the transverse direction. At this time, the end of the first transmission rib plate 21 is connected to the spherical crown support plate 2, and the end of the second transmission rib plate 41 is connected to the spherical crown cover plate 4. The spherical crown assembly 3 is respectively arranged between the spherical crown support plate 2 and the spherical crown cover plate 4 through spherical contact and plane contact. There is spherical contact between the spherical crown assembly 3 and the spherical crown support plate 2, and a spherical friction pair is set, aiming to make a spherical rotation similar to a spherical hinge to adapt to the angular deformation of the upper structure of the bridge structure (this is also one of the basic requirements for the bearing component, adapting to the angle). In addition, if it is required that the bearing has vertical tensile capacity, then it is required that the spherical crown assembly 3 and the spherical crown cover plate 4 are fixedly connected (both horizontally and vertically are fixedly connected). If it is not required that the bearing has vertical tensile capacity, then the spherical crown assembly 3 and the spherical crown cover plate 4 can be partially movably connected (vertically is movably connected, horizontally is fixedly connected), or can be fixedly connected.

[0078] Please refer to again Figure 9 As shown in [figures], stiffening rib plates 8 for strengthening the connection are also arranged on the first transmission rib plate 21 and the second transmission rib plate 41.

[0079] This embodiment can provide damping forces of a specified magnitude in two mutually orthogonal directions, which respectively correspond to the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the bridge structure. Seismic ground motions in any direction can be decomposed into these two directions. Under seismic action, the seismic component along the first slideway causes the first rectangular slideway 12 and the first rectangular slider 22 to slide along the sliding direction of the slideway. Since the middle part of the first bar-shaped damping unit 6 is connected to the auxiliary structure of the first rectangular slider 22, and the two ends of the first bar-shaped damping unit 6 are connected to the auxiliary structures of the first rectangular slideway 12, the sliding of the first rectangular slideway 12 and the first rectangular slider 22 along the sliding direction of the slideway causes the first bar-shaped damping unit 6 to deform according to the Figure 7 force-bearing mode therein, providing a damping force. The seismic component along the second slideway causes the second rectangular slideway 52 and the second rectangular slider 42 to slide along the sliding direction of the slideway. Since the middle part of the second bar-shaped damping unit 7 is connected to the auxiliary structure of the second rectangular slider 42, and the two ends of the second bar-shaped damping unit 7 are connected to the auxiliary structures of the second rectangular slideway 52, the sliding of the second rectangular slideway 52 and the second rectangular slider 42 along the sliding direction of the slideway causes the second bar-shaped damping unit 7 to deform according to the Figure 7 force-bearing mode therein, providing a damping force. The force-bearing of the first sliding system and the first bar-shaped damping unit 6 and the second sliding system and the second bar-shaped damping unit 7 do not interfere with each other. Therefore, this embodiment can provide damping forces of a specified magnitude in two specified orthogonal directions to adapt to seismic ground motions in any direction.

[0080] Embodiment 2:

[0081] Referring to Figures 8 - 9 , this embodiment provides a steel damping bearing with spatial universality, which is a two-way movable bearing that saves vertical space and provides higher-tonnage damping forces.

[0082] Different from Embodiment 1, two first bar-shaped damping units 6 are arranged in parallel along the direction of the first slideway and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the spherical crown assembly 3. Two second bar-shaped damping units 7 are arranged in parallel along the direction of the second slideway and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the spherical crown assembly 3. The first bar-shaped damping units 6 and the second bar-shaped damping units 7 are arranged to extend horizontally in an orthogonal manner.

[0083] Embodiment 3:

[0084] Referring to Figures 10 - 11 , this embodiment provides a steel damping bearing with spatial universality, which is a two-way movable bearing that saves horizontal space and provides higher-tonnage damping forces.

[0085] Different from Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the first bar-shaped damping units 6 and the second bar-shaped damping units 7 are arranged in an orthogonal manner and stacked vertically.

[0086] Example 4:

[0087] Reference Figures 14 - 15 , this embodiment provides a steel damping bearing with spatial universality, which is a horizontal space-saving type that provides higher-tonnage damping force and has a two-way movable bearing with vertical tensile function.

[0088] Different from Embodiment 3, in this embodiment, the spherical crown bearing plate 2 and the bottom plate 1 are in contact connection through a tensile contact pair composed of a first concave slideway 13 and a first convex slider 23. The spherical crown cover plate 4 and the top plate 5 are in contact connection through a tensile contact pair composed of a second concave slideway 53 and a second convex slider 43. At the same time, tensile contact pairs are arranged at the first slideway and the second slideway, so as to realize the vertical tensile function of the steel damping bearing in this example. This function is realized by the operation support module, which is independent of the function of the earthquake-time limit module and does not interfere with each other, and the related mechanical behaviors are more controllable.

[0089] The above description of the embodiments is to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative efforts. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention according to the disclosure of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel damping bearing with spatial universality, characterized in that, Comprising: Support module: It includes a bottom plate, a top plate, and a spherical crown component. There is a movable contact between the bottom plate and the spherical crown component with a degree of freedom along the longitudinal direction, and there is a movable contact between the spherical crown component and the top plate with a degree of freedom along the transverse direction; Seismic limiting module: It includes a first transmission rib plate, a second transmission rib plate, a first rod-shaped damping unit, and a second rod-shaped damping unit. The first transmission rib plate and the second transmission rib plate are arranged along the longitudinal and transverse directions respectively. The two ends of the first transmission rib plate are respectively connected to the middle of the spherical crown component and the first rod-shaped damping unit, and the two ends of the second transmission rib plate are respectively connected to the spherical crown component and the second rod-shaped damping unit. The two ends of the first rod-shaped damping unit are movably connected to the bottom plate, and the two ends of the second rod-shaped damping unit are movably connected to the top plate; The first rod-shaped damping unit and the second rod-shaped damping unit are symmetrically arranged with the spherical crown component as the center, and one or more first rod-shaped damping units and second rod-shaped damping units are respectively arranged along the longitudinal and transverse directions in each direction; A spherical crown cover plate and a spherical crown support plate are respectively arranged above and below the spherical crown component. There is a movable contact between the bottom plate and the spherical crown support plate with a degree of freedom along the longitudinal direction, and there is a movable contact between the spherical crown cover plate and the top plate with a degree of freedom along the transverse direction. At this time, the end of the first transmission rib plate is connected to the spherical crown support plate, and the end of the second transmission rib plate is connected to the spherical crown cover plate; The spherical crown component is respectively arranged between the spherical crown support plate and the spherical crown cover plate through spherical contact and planar contact.

2. The steel damping bearing with spatial universality according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first card slot and a second card slot are respectively arranged on the bottom plate and the top plate. The end parts of the first rod-shaped damping unit and the second rod-shaped damping unit respectively extend into the first card slot and the second card slot, and are respectively spaced from the inner wall surfaces of the first card slot and the second card slot.

3. The steel damping bearing with spatial universality according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first rod-shaped damping unit and the second rod-shaped damping unit are integrally processed from an equal straight connecting section in the middle, and variable cross-section curve sections, equal straight transition sections, and end spherical heads symmetrically arranged at both ends of the equal straight connecting section.

4. A steel damping bearing with spatial universality according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rod-shaped damping unit and the second rod-shaped damping unit are located on the same horizontal plane, or the first rod-shaped damping unit and the second rod-shaped damping unit are arranged in a stacked manner along the vertical direction.

5. A steel damping bearing with spatial universality according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sliding contact pair composed of a first slideway along the longitudinal direction and a first slider slidably arranged in the first slideway is arranged between the bottom plate and the spherical crown component; A sliding contact pair composed of a second slideway along the transverse direction and a second slider slidably arranged in the second slideway is arranged between the top plate and the spherical crown component.

6. The steel damping bearing with spatial universality according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cross-sections of the first slideway and the second slideway are respectively independently rectangular or T-shaped.

7. A steel damping bearing with spatial universality according to claim 1, characterized in that, Stiffening rib plates for strengthening the connection are also arranged on the first transmission rib plate and the second transmission rib plate.

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