A vertical biomass combustion furnace and a fruit and vegetable drying machine using the same as a heat source

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-efficiency, energy-saving and environmentally friendly vertical biomass combustion furnace and a fruit and vegetable dryer based on the combustion furnace as a heat source. The vertical biomass particle combustion furnace includes a storage box, a motor, a feeding device, a combustion chamber, a No. 1 combustion furnace, a No. 2 combustion furnace, a radiator, a power transmission system and a connecting device, an automatic ignition device, an automatic control system, and an oxygen supply device. The burner is designed to be a primary and a secondary combustion chamber, which is a stepped design. The combustion chamber is provided with a slag crushing and separation device, an ash and slag discharge device, and other auxiliary devices such as a slag collector. The effect of the present invention is: to achieve full combustion of the fuel, greatly improve the combustion utilization rate of biomass combustibles, save fuel and reduce waste, and timely remove the residues generated during the combustion process, thereby ensuring the stability and continuity of fuel combustion and ensuring the normal working state of the dryer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fruit and vegetable drying, and in particular to a vertical biomass combustion furnace and a fruit and vegetable drying machine using the vertical biomass combustion furnace as a heat source. Background Art

[0002] my country is a big consumer of agricultural products, producing a large amount of agricultural products every year. Drying and processing are one of the most critical links for commodity and deep processing. The efficiency and quality of drying often determine the economic value, food safety and quality of the product to a large extent.

[0003] At present, in the processing and drying of agricultural products, the energy used by existing dryers is mostly coal and fossil fuels, both of which are non-renewable resources. Using agricultural and forestry waste biomass as drying raw materials can not only avoid the use of fossil energy, but also recycle and efficiently utilize agricultural and forestry waste such as straw, with considerable prospects for energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0004] The existing technology has the following shortcomings: Currently, most of the fruit and vegetable dryers on the market that use biomass pellets as raw materials are horizontal and burn once. With this combustion and utilization method, the biomass pellets are not burned fully and the combustion utilization rate is low. In addition, coking and slagging are easily generated during the combustion process, and a large amount of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides are generated, and the emissions are seriously exceeded.

[0005] Therefore, a vertical high-efficiency, energy-saving and environmentally friendly biomass particle fruit and vegetable drying machine and process are invented to effectively solve this technical problem. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a vertical high-efficiency, energy-saving and environmentally friendly biomass particle fruit and vegetable drying machine and process, which innovatively designs two combustion chambers and two combustion furnaces, and a heat dissipation and coking and slagging device to solve the problems of insufficient combustion of biomass particles, waste of materials, low fuel utilization rate, and easy generation of coking, slagging, nitrogen oxides, and serious excessive emissions during the combustion process.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A vertical biomass combustion furnace comprises a burner, a No. 1 combustion furnace, a No. 2 combustion furnace, and a radiator arranged from bottom to top. A burner base is provided at the bottom end of the burner. The burner has a vertical multi-tube structure, wherein the vertical multi-tube structure is a multi-tube structure in which multiple cylinder axes are arranged vertically and the cylinder bodies are connected; each cylinder-shaped structure cavity in the burner is provided with a combustion chamber. The upper opening of the combustion chamber is connected to the No. 1 combustion furnace; a connecting channel is provided between adjacent combustion chambers. A feed port is provided on the side wall of the No. 1 combustion furnace, and the fuel in the storage box is conveyed to the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feed port by a feeding device, and the fuel enters the No. 1 combustion furnace and falls into a primary combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is provided with a chassis, and a paddle is provided on the chassis. The fuel that is not fully burned in each combustion chamber is broken by the rotation of the paddle and conveyed to the adjacent next-stage combustion chamber through the channel for further combustion. The next-stage combustion chamber is defined based on the conveying direction of the incompletely burned fuel. The fuel enters the No. 1 combustion furnace and falls into the primary combustion chamber. The fuel that is not fully burned in the primary combustion chamber is transported to the secondary combustion chamber through the paddle and further burned. The fuel that is not fully burned in the secondary combustion chamber is transported to the tertiary combustion chamber through the paddle. In turn, a fourth combustion chamber, a fifth combustion chamber, etc. can also be set. Particularly preferably, the number of combustion chambers set in the burner is 2 to 4. The final combustion chamber corresponds to the last combustion chamber. Accordingly, if the burner includes 3 combustion chambers, they are marked as the primary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber, and the tertiary combustion chamber respectively. The tertiary combustion chamber is the final combustion chamber, or the last combustion chamber in this case.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the vertical multi-cylinder structure is a double-cylinder structure in which two cylinder axes are vertically arranged and the cylinders are connected. The burner is provided with a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber. The side wall of the primary combustion chamber is provided with an automatic ignition device. The chassis 1 of the primary combustion chamber is located below the automatic ignition device. The upper edge of the chassis 1 is provided with a channel connecting the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber. The chassis 2 of the secondary combustion chamber is located below the opening of the channel connecting the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, and the upper edge of the chassis 1 is higher than the upper edge of the chassis 2. The chassis 1 and the chassis 2 are in a stepped design structure. The fuel that is not fully burned in the primary combustion chamber is broken up by a paddle and transferred to the secondary combustion chamber for further combustion.

[0010] Furthermore, the burner with the above-mentioned double-barrel structure has the following structure: the distance D between the axes of the two adjacent barrels is less than the sum of the radii R1 and R2 of the two adjacent barrels. R1 is the radius of the barrel where the primary combustion chamber is located, R2 is the radius of the barrel where the secondary combustion chamber is located, and D is the barrel axis distance between the two adjacent barrels where the two combustion chambers are located. The upper part of the barrel where the primary combustion chamber is located is a complete barrel-shaped structure, and the lower barrel wall of the barrel of the primary combustion chamber is provided with a notch; the upper barrel wall of the barrel where the secondary combustion chamber is located is provided with a notch, and the lower part of the barrel of the secondary combustion chamber is a barrel-shaped structure; the upper barrel wall of the primary combustion chamber is embedded in the notch of the upper barrel wall of the secondary combustion chamber, and the lower barrel wall of the secondary combustion chamber is embedded in the notch of the lower barrel wall of the primary combustion chamber, and the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber are connected through the gap formed by the mutual embedding of the two barrels. In this embodiment, preferably, the upper edge of the notch of the barrel wall of the primary combustion chamber is flush with the lower edge of the notch of the barrel wall of the secondary combustion chamber.

[0011] For this application, the ratio of the sum of R1 and R2 to D is based on whether sufficient combustion chamber communication gap can be obtained to complete material transportation. In the preferred range, the sum of R1 and R2 is 1.9 to 1.1 times of D.

[0012] In the present invention, for the burner with multi-tube structure, a structure with staggered upper and lower openings which has the same principle as the above double-tube mutual embedding can be provided on the corresponding tube wall so that the two of them can cooperate with each other to form a vertical multi-tube structure.

[0013] In the present invention, each combustion chamber is provided with a rotating vertical shaft in the cylinder where it is located, and the axis of the rotating vertical shaft is colinear with the cylinder axis of the cylinder where it is located, and the rotating vertical shaft is connected to the power motor through a power transmission device. The upper end of the vertical shaft is located below the combustion chamber chassis, and the vertical shaft is connected to the hollow shaft through a sleeve. The hollow shaft is a shaft with a hollow cavity structure, and the surface of the hollow shaft is provided with air holes that penetrate the surface of the shaft. The hollow shaft penetrates the chassis, and the hollow shaft exposed at the top of the chassis is connected to the paddle. The paddle is preferably a hollow paddle with a hollow structure, and the surface of the hollow paddle is provided with air holes that penetrate the surface of the paddle, and the hollow cavity of the hollow paddle is connected to the hollow cavity of the hollow shaft. An oxygen supply port for the combustion chamber is provided on the cylinder where each combustion chamber is located, and the oxygen supply port for the combustion chamber is located below the combustion chamber chassis.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the combustion chamber oxygen supply port is opened on the side wall of the cylinder, and oxygen is introduced through the combustion chamber oxygen supply port. In another embodiment, the combustion chamber oxygen supply port is provided with an oxygen supply pipe extending into the cylinder, and oxygen is introduced into the cylinder through the oxygen supply pipe.

[0015] In the present invention, the air holes on the surface of the hollow shaft and the paddle are not limited to specific shapes, preferably circular, with an aperture of 2-5 mm. The average value of the hole center distance between adjacent air holes is 2.4-20 mm, preferably 8-10 mm. The air holes are evenly distributed on the chassis. The average value of the hole center distance between adjacent air holes is 1.2-4 times the hole diameter, preferably 1.5-2 times the hole diameter.

[0016] After oxygen enters the cylinder below the chassis of the combustion chamber, it enters the cavity of the hollow shaft through the air holes on the hollow shaft below the chassis, and is transported to the top of the chassis through the cavity of the hollow shaft, and is discharged through the air holes on the hollow shaft above the chassis and the air holes of the hollow paddle. In addition, oxygen also enters the combustion chamber on the upper part of the chassis through the ash outlet holes on the chassis to provide oxygen for combustion.

[0017] In the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the paddles connected to the hollow shaft have different lengths. Preferably, the length of the outer edge of the circular area swept by the long paddle from the axis of the hollow shaft is 0.95 to 0.9 times the radius of the cylinder. The length of the outer edge of the circular area swept by the short paddle from the axis of the hollow shaft is 1.1 to 0.9 times the D-Rt, preferably 0.95-1 times the D-Rt, where: D is the cylinder axis distance between the cylinders where two adjacent combustion chambers are located, and Rt is the cylinder radius of the cylinder where the next-level combustion chamber adjacent to the cylinder where the short paddle is located is located.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, a first slag discharge port is provided on the wall of the final combustion chamber. In a double-tube burner, a first slag discharge port is provided on the wall of the secondary combustion chamber. The lower edge of the first slag discharge port is flush with the upper edge of the bottom plate of the combustion chamber or the lower edge of the first slag discharge port is lower than the upper edge of the bottom plate. In a preferred embodiment, the first slag discharge port is rectangular or square. The size of the first slag discharge port is based on satisfying the requirement of slag discharge from the combustion furnace without slag accumulation. In a preferred embodiment, the shape of the first slag discharge port unfolded on the side wall of the cylinder is a square with a side length of 0.8 to 1.2 times R n Among them, R n is the radius of the cylinder where the final stage combustion chamber is located.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present invention, the ash and incombustibles with smaller particle sizes in each combustion chamber are discharged from the combustion chamber through the ash discharge hole of the bottom plate, fall into the cavity at the lower part of the combustion chamber, and are discharged from the second slag discharge port arranged at the bottom of the cylinder where the combustion chamber is located. The ash and incombustibles discharged from the second slag discharge port arranged at the bottom of the cylinder and the ash and incombustibles discharged from the first slag discharge port arranged on the side wall of the last stage combustion chamber are all transported into the slag collector through pipelines.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shaft diameter of the hollow shaft below the chassis is larger than the shaft diameter above the chassis.

[0021] In the present invention, preferably, an ash outlet hole is provided on the bottom plate in the combustion chamber, and the ash outlet hole is not limited to a specific shape, and is preferably circular. The diameter of the ash outlet hole is 2-10 mm, and particularly preferably, the diameter of the ash outlet hole is 2-8 mm. The ash outlet holes are evenly distributed on the bottom plate. Preferably, the average value of the hole center distance between adjacent ash outlet holes is 4-20 mm, and particularly preferably 5-10 mm. Correspondingly, a second slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the cylinder where the combustion chamber is located.

[0022] In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the ash outlet hole decreases as the number of combustion chambers increases. In one embodiment of the present invention, for a double-tube structure burner, the diameter of the ash outlet hole on the chassis of the primary combustion chamber is 6-8 mm, and the diameter of the ash outlet hole on the chassis of the secondary combustion chamber is 3-5 mm. The ash outlet holes are evenly distributed on the chassis, and the average distance between the centers of adjacent ash outlet holes is 1.2-3 times the diameter, preferably 1.5-2 times the diameter.

[0023] The upper opening of the burner is connected to the No. 1 combustion furnace, and the upper opening of the primary combustion chamber is located below the same side of the feed port of the No. 1 combustion furnace. Preferably, the axis of the primary combustion chamber cylinder and the axis of the feed port are in the same plane. The fuel in the storage box is transferred to the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device and falls into the primary combustion chamber.

[0024] A second oxygen supply port is provided between combustion furnace No. 1 and combustion furnace No. 2. The gas outlet of combustion furnace No. 2 is connected to the air inlet at the bottom of the radiator through the radiator smoke channel inlet, and is discharged from the radiator smoke channel outlet at the top of the radiator.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, baffles are provided on both sides of the radiator to extend the length of the heat exchange air passage in the radiator. Preferably, the radiator is a fin radiator.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present invention, a safety explosion-proof door is provided on the side wall of the No. 2 combustion furnace, and the safety explosion-proof door is controlled by magnetic force. In normal use, the safety explosion-proof door is closed. When the pressure in the combustion furnace exceeds the pressure threshold of the explosion-proof door, the safety explosion-proof door is opened, and the pressure in the furnace is released by the safety explosion-proof door. The pressure threshold of the safety explosion-proof door is 0.2-0.7MPa, preferably 0.5Mpa.

[0027] In the present invention, the vertical biomass combustion furnace further includes: a storage box, a motor, a feeding device, and a power transmission system. The bottom end of the storage box is connected to a bracket, and the storage box is connected to the feeding device, and connected to the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device. The storage box is connected to the feed port on the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device. The feeding device is preferably a screw feeder. The vertical shaft in the cylinder where the screw feeder, the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber are located is connected to the power motor through a power transmission system. In particular, the output end of the motor is connected to the gear at one end of the transmission shaft through a sprocket and a chain, and the transmission shaft changes the rotation direction through a bevel gear and transmits it to the rotating vertical shaft.

[0028] In the present invention, power is transmitted to the paddles arranged in the combustion chamber, and the effect of separating the coke and slag is achieved through the rotation of the paddles.

[0029] The present invention further provides a process for obtaining a heat source using the vertical biomass combustion furnace of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1: storing fuel by placing the fuel into the storage tank;

[0031] S2: When the drying operation is performed, the motor is started, and the motor drives the feeding device to operate, and the fuel in the storage box is transmitted to the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device. The fuel enters the No. 1 combustion furnace and falls into the primary combustion chamber;

[0032] S3: The motor drives the chain transmission through the gears, and further drives the transmission shaft and the bevel gear to rotate. Through the meshing of the bevel gears, the force transmission direction is changed to drive the power transmission device set at the burner base;

[0033] S4: The burner is a vertical multi-tube structure with a combustion chamber inside. The incompletely burned fuel in the primary combustion chamber is separated and transferred to the secondary combustion chamber by the rotation of the paddle. After continued combustion, the paddle in the combustion chamber transfers the incombustibles and slag after combustion to the first slag discharge port and into the slag collector.

[0034] S5: The combustion chamber produces a large amount of combustible gas and tiny charcoal particles during the combustion process. A No. 1 combustion furnace with small particles and some combustible gas is designed on the top of the combustion chamber to burn the small charcoal particles and some combustible gas. A No. 2 combustion furnace is designed and installed on the top of the No. 1 combustion furnace to fully burn the combustible gas and combustibles produced during the biomass combustion process.

[0035] The present invention further provides a fruit and vegetable drying machine, which comprises a fruit and vegetable drying machine using the vertical biomass combustion furnace of the above structure as a heat source.

[0036] The dryer includes a heat source chamber and a drying chamber. A vertical biomass combustion furnace is arranged in the heat source chamber. The radiator conducts the heat generated by the combustion furnace to the heat medium 1. The heat source chamber is connected to the drying chamber. The heat medium 1 is transported from the heat source chamber to the drying chamber to heat and dry the material to be dried. The heat medium 1 is transported from the heat source chamber to the drying chamber to heat and dry the material to be dried. Preferably, the heat source chamber is arranged adjacent to the drying chamber. After the heat medium 1 contacts the radiator of the boiler and is fully heated, it is transported to the drying chamber.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat medium 1 is air. In order to prevent the materials to be dried, especially fruits and vegetables, from being oxidized at high temperatures, in a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat medium 1 is nitrogen.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an inlet port for heat medium 1 is provided in the heat source chamber, and after heat exchange with the boiler radiator in the heat source chamber, heat medium 1 is transported to the drying chamber. After the heat medium 1 fully contacts with the material to be dried in the drying chamber, it is discharged from the drying chamber.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, a fan is provided on the top of the heat source chamber.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent controller and a moisture removal device are provided in the drying chamber. The intelligent controller includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor. The moisture removal device is preferably an exhaust port with a valve. The moisture of the material in the drying chamber is discharged from the drying chamber through the exhaust port along with the heat medium 1.

[0041] The present invention discloses a high-efficiency, energy-saving and environmentally friendly vertical biomass combustion furnace and a fruit and vegetable dryer based on the combustion furnace as a heat source. The burner is designed to be a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber, which are designed in a stepped manner. The combustion chamber is provided with a slag crushing and separation device, an ash and slag discharge device, and other auxiliary devices such as a slag collector. The effects of the present invention are: achieving full combustion of the fuel, greatly improving the combustion utilization rate of biomass combustibles, saving fuel and reducing waste, and timely removing the residues generated during the combustion process, thereby ensuring the stability and continuity of fuel combustion and ensuring the normal working state of the dryer.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0043] 1. Innovative design of multi-stage step combustion separation and slag discharge function

[0044] 2. The burner is equipped with primary combustion and secondary combustion to ensure complete combustion of the fuel.

[0045] 3. The stepped coke slag crushing, separation and slag discharge device can timely remove the large amount of residues produced during the combustion of biomass fuel with excessively high content, thus avoiding combustion slagging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a fruit and vegetable drying machine.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a partial detail of a vertical biomass combustion furnace.

[0048] Among them: 1 is the outlet of the radiator flue gas channel, 2 is the radiator, 3 is the inlet of the radiator flue gas channel, 4 is the No. 2 combustion furnace, 5 is the safety explosion-proof door, 6 is the second oxygen supply port, 7 is the No. 1 combustion furnace, 8 is the first slag discharge port, 9 is the secondary combustion chamber, 10 is the burner, 11 is the combustion chamber oxygen supply port, 12 is the burner base, 13 is the second slag discharge port, 14 is the slag collector, 15 is the bevel gear, 16 is the rotating vertical shaft, 17 is the sheath, 18 is the chassis 1, and 19 is the automatic ignition device , 20 is a primary combustion chamber, 21 is a transmission shaft, 22 is a storage box bracket, 23 is a feeding device, 24 is a storage box, 25 is a motor sprocket, 26 is a motor, 27 is a chain, 28 is a transmission shaft sprocket, 29 is a radiator support frame, 30 is a baffle 1, 31 is a baffle 2, 32 is a hollow shaft, 33 is a paddle, 34 is a chassis 2, 35 is a fan, 36 is an intelligent controller, 37 is a dehumidification device 1, 38 is a dehumidification device 2, 39 is a heat source chamber, and 40 is a drying chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention provides a specific implementation of a fruit and vegetable dryer, which comprises a fruit and vegetable dryer using a vertical biomass combustion furnace as a heat source.

[0050] The dryer includes a heat source chamber 39 and a drying chamber 40. A vertical biomass combustion furnace is arranged in the heat source chamber 39. The radiator 2 of the vertical biomass combustion furnace conducts the heat generated by the combustion furnace to the air. The heat source chamber 39 is connected with the drying chamber 40. The heated air is transported from the heat source chamber to the drying chamber to heat and dry the material to be dried. The drying chamber is provided with an intelligent controller, which can detect the temperature and suitability of the drying chamber and control the dehumidification device to dehumidify the drying chamber.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, a vertical biomass combustion furnace is included in the heat source chamber 39. The vertical biomass combustion furnace includes a burner 10, a No. 1 combustion furnace 7, a No. 2 combustion furnace 4, and a radiator 2 arranged from bottom to top. Among them, a burner base 12 is provided at the bottom of the burner 10. The burner 10 is a double-tube structure in which two cylinder axes are arranged vertically and the cylinder bodies are connected; the burner is provided with a primary combustion chamber 20 and a secondary combustion chamber 9, and the side wall of the primary combustion chamber 20 is provided with an automatic ignition device 19, and the chassis 18 of the primary combustion chamber is located below the automatic ignition device. The upper part of the cylinder where the primary combustion chamber 20 is located is a complete cylindrical structure, and the lower cylinder wall of the cylinder of the primary combustion chamber 20 is provided with a notch; the upper cylinder wall of the cylinder where the secondary combustion chamber 9 is located is provided with a notch, and the lower part of the cylinder of the secondary combustion chamber 9 is a cylindrical structure; the upper edge of the notch in the cylinder wall of the primary combustion chamber is flush with the lower edge of the notch in the cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber, the upper cylinder wall of the primary combustion chamber 20 is embedded in the notch in the upper cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber 9, and the lower cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber 9 is embedded in the notch in the lower cylinder wall of the primary combustion chamber 20, and the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber are connected through the gap formed by the mutual embedding of the two cylinders.

[0052] Each combustion chamber is provided with a rotating vertical shaft 16 in the cylinder where it is located. The axis of the rotating vertical shaft 16 is colinear with the cylinder axis of the cylinder where it is located, and the rotating vertical shaft is connected to the power motor through a power transmission device. The upper end of the vertical shaft 16 is located below the combustion chamber chassis, and the vertical shaft is connected to the hollow shaft 32 through a sleeve 17. The surface of the hollow shaft is provided with air holes that penetrate the surface of the shaft. The hollow shaft 32 penetrates the chassis, and the hollow shaft 32 exposed on the upper part of the chassis is connected to the paddle 33. The paddle 33 is a hollow paddle with a hollow structure, and the surface of the hollow paddle is provided with air holes that penetrate the surface of the paddle, and the hollow cavity of the hollow paddle is connected to the hollow cavity of the hollow shaft 32. A combustion chamber oxygen supply port 11 is provided on the cylinder where each combustion chamber is located, and the combustion chamber oxygen supply port 11 is located on the side wall of the cylinder below the combustion chamber chassis.

[0053] In this embodiment, the air holes on the surface of the hollow shaft and the plectrum are circular and have a hole diameter of 4 mm. The air holes are evenly distributed on the surface of the hollow shaft and the plectrum, and the distance between the centers of adjacent air holes is 8 mm.

[0054] After oxygen enters the cylinder below the chassis of the combustion chamber, it enters the cavity of the hollow shaft through the air holes on the hollow shaft 32 below the chassis, and is transported to the top of the chassis through the cavity of the hollow shaft 32, and is discharged from the air holes on the hollow shaft above the chassis and the air holes of the hollow paddle.

[0055] In this embodiment, the paddles connected to the hollow shaft have different lengths. Preferably, the outer edge of the circular area swept by the long paddle is 0.95 times the radius of the cylinder from the axis of the hollow shaft. The outer edge of the circular area swept by the short paddle is 0.95 times the D-Rt from the axis of the hollow shaft, where D is the cylinder axis distance between two adjacent combustion chambers, and Rt is the cylinder radius of the cylinder adjacent to the cylinder where the short paddle is located.

[0056] In this embodiment, a first slag discharge port is provided on the cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber. The lower edge of the first slag discharge port is lower than the upper edge of the bottom plate. The first slag discharge port is in a square shape on the side wall of the cylinder, and the side length is 1 times the radius of the cylinder where the secondary combustion chamber is located.

[0057] In this embodiment, the ash and incombustibles with smaller particle sizes in each combustion chamber are discharged from the combustion chamber through the ash discharge hole on the bottom plate, fall into the cavity at the lower part of the combustion chamber, and are discharged from the second slag discharge port 13 arranged at the bottom of the cylinder where the combustion chamber is located. The ash and incombustibles discharged from the second slag discharge port 13 arranged at the bottom of the cylinder and the ash and incombustibles discharged from the first slag discharge port arranged on the side wall of the secondary combustion chamber are transported to the slag collector 14 through pipelines.

[0058] In this embodiment, the chassis in the combustion chamber is provided with ash holes, which are circular. The average diameter of the ash holes in the first combustion chamber is 6 mm, and the average diameter of the ash holes in the second combustion chamber is 4 mm. The ash holes are evenly distributed on the chassis, and the average hole center distance between adjacent ash holes in the first combustion chamber is 10 mm, and the average hole center distance between adjacent ash holes in the second combustion chamber is 6 mm. A second slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the cylinder where the combustion chamber is located.

[0059] The upper opening of the burner is connected to the No. 1 combustion furnace, and the upper opening of the primary combustion chamber is located directly below the same side of the feed port of the No. 1 combustion furnace. The axis of the primary combustion chamber cylinder and the axis of the feed port are in the same plane. The fuel in the storage box is transferred to the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device and falls into the primary combustion chamber.

[0060] A second oxygen supply port is provided between combustion furnace No. 1 and combustion furnace No. 2. The gas outlet of combustion furnace No. 2 4 is connected to the bottom air inlet of radiator 2 through radiator smoke channel inlet 3, and is discharged from radiator smoke channel outlet 1 at the top of the radiator.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a baffle is provided in the radiator 2 for extending the length of the heat exchange air passage in the radiator, and the radiator 2 is a fin radiator.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present invention, a safety explosion-proof door is provided on the side wall of the No. 2 combustion furnace, and the safety explosion-proof door is controlled by magnetic force. The pressure threshold of the safety explosion-proof door is 0.5Mpa.

[0063] The vertical biomass combustion furnace in this embodiment further includes: a storage box 24, a motor 26, a feeding device 23, and a power transmission system. The bottom end of the storage box is connected to a storage box bracket 22, and the storage box 24 is connected to the feeding device 23, and connected to the No. 1 combustion furnace 7 through the feeding device 23. The storage box is connected to the feed port of the No. 1 combustion furnace 7 through the feeding device 23. The feeding device in this embodiment is a screw feeder. The rotating vertical shaft 16 in the cylinder where the screw feeder, the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber are located is connected to the power motor 26 through the power transmission system.

[0064] This embodiment further provides a process for obtaining a heat source using the vertical biomass combustion furnace of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0065] S1: Storing fuel by placing fuel into the storage tank 24;

[0066] S2: When the drying operation is performed, the motor 26 is started, and the motor drives the feeding device 23 to operate, and the fuel in the storage box 24 is transmitted to the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device 23, and the fuel enters the No. 1 combustion furnace and falls into the primary combustion chamber;

[0067] S3: The motor 26 drives the chain 27 through the motor sprocket 25, and further drives the transmission shaft 21 and the bevel gear 15 to rotate. Through the meshing of the bevel gears, the force transmission direction is changed, and the rotating vertical shaft 16 set in the burner is driven;

[0068] S4: The burner is a vertical multi-tube structure, and a combustion chamber is provided inside the burner. The fuel that is not fully burned in the primary combustion chamber is crushed and separated by a paddle and transferred to the secondary combustion chamber for further combustion. The fuel is transferred in sequence, and the paddle in the final combustion chamber transfers the incombustibles and slag after combustion to the first slag discharge port 8, and then transports them to the slag collector 14;

[0069] S5: A large amount of combustible gas and tiny charcoal particles are produced in the combustion process in the combustion chamber. A combustion furnace No. 1 7 is connected to the top of the combustion chamber. The small charcoal particles and part of the combustible gas are burned in the combustion furnace No. 1 7. A combustion furnace No. 2 4 is installed on the top of the combustion furnace No. 1 7. The combustible gas and combustibles produced in the biomass combustion process are further fully burned in the combustion furnace No. 2 after being filled with oxygen.

[0070] The average values ​​described herein are number average values, and the pore sizes described herein refer to pore diameters.

[0071] The invention concept is described in detail using specific examples herein, and the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the invention. It should be pointed out that any obvious modification, equivalent substitution or other improvement made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the invention concept should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical biomass combustion furnace, characterized in that: It comprises a burner (10), a No. 1 combustion furnace (7), a No. 2 combustion furnace (4), and a radiator (2) which are arranged from bottom to top; The burner (10) comprises: a burner base (12) is provided at the bottom of the burner (10), and the burner (10) has a vertical multi-tube structure, wherein the vertical multi-tube structure is a multi-tube structure in which multiple tube axes are vertically arranged and the tube bodies are connected; each cavity of the tube-shaped structure in the burner (10) is provided with a combustion chamber, the upper opening of the combustion chamber is connected to the No. 1 combustion furnace (7), a passage is provided between adjacent combustion chambers, the combustion chamber is provided with a chassis, and a paddle (33) is provided on the chassis, and the paddle (33) is rotated to crush the slag produced by combustion and transport the incompletely burned fuel to the adjacent next-stage combustion chamber for further combustion, and a first slag discharge port (8) is provided on the tube wall of the last-stage combustion chamber, and the paddle in the last-stage combustion chamber transports the incombustibles and slag after combustion to the first slag discharge port (8) to discharge them from the combustion chamber; A feed port is provided on the side wall of the No. 1 combustion furnace (7), a primary combustion chamber (20) is located below the feed port, an automatic ignition device (19) is provided on the side wall of the primary combustion chamber (20), and the automatic ignition device (19) is located above the primary combustion chamber bottom plate 1 (18); a No. 2 combustion furnace (4) is provided above the No. 1 combustion furnace (7), and a second oxygen supply port (6) is provided between the No. 1 combustion furnace (7) and the No. 2 combustion furnace (4); The gas outlet of the No. 2 combustion furnace (4) is connected to the radiator (2) through the radiator smoke channel inlet (3) on one side of the radiator, and is discharged from the radiator smoke channel outlet (1) on the top of the radiator; The vertical multi-barrel structure is a double-barrel structure in which two barrel axes are arranged vertically and the barrel bodies are connected. The burner (10) is provided with two combustion chambers, namely a primary combustion chamber (20) and a secondary combustion chamber (9). The upper edge of the bottom plate 1 (18) of the primary combustion chamber is provided with a passage connecting the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber. The bottom plate 2 (34) of the secondary combustion chamber is located below the opening of the passage, and the upper edge of the bottom plate 1 (18) is higher than the upper edge of the bottom plate 2 (34). The fuel that is not fully burned in the primary combustion chamber is broken by the paddle and transferred to the secondary combustion chamber for further combustion. The upper part of the cylinder where the primary combustion chamber (20) is located is a complete cylinder-shaped structure, and the lower cylinder wall of the cylinder of the primary combustion chamber (20) is provided with a notch; the upper cylinder wall of the cylinder where the secondary combustion chamber (9) is located is provided with a notch, and the lower part of the cylinder of the secondary combustion chamber (9) is a complete cylinder-shaped structure; the upper cylinder wall of the primary combustion chamber is embedded in the notch of the upper cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber, and the lower cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber is embedded in the notch of the lower cylinder wall of the primary combustion chamber, and the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber are connected through a gap formed by the mutual embedding of the two cylinders; A rotating vertical shaft (16) is provided in the cylinder where the combustion chamber is located, the upper end of the vertical shaft is located below the combustion chamber chassis, and the vertical shaft is connected to the hollow shaft (32) through a sleeve (17); the hollow shaft (32) has a hollow cavity structure, and the surface of the hollow shaft (32) is provided with air holes penetrating the surface of the hollow shaft, the hollow shaft penetrates the combustion chamber chassis, and the hollow shaft located on the upper part of the chassis is connected to the paddle; the paddle is a hollow paddle with a hollow structure, and the surface of the hollow paddle is provided with air holes penetrating the surface of the paddle, and the hollow cavity of the hollow paddle is connected to the hollow cavity of the hollow shaft; a combustion chamber oxygen supply port (11) is provided on the cylinder where each combustion chamber is located, and the combustion chamber oxygen supply port (11) is located below the combustion chamber chassis; The paddles connected to the hollow shaft have different lengths. The length of the outer edge of the circular area swept by the long paddle is 0.95 to 0.9 times the radius of the cylinder from the center of the hollow shaft. The length of the outer edge of the circular area swept by the short paddle is 1.1 to 0.9 times D-Rt from the center of the hollow shaft, where: D is the axis distance between the cylinders where two adjacent combustion chambers are located, and Rt is the radius of the cylinder where the next-level combustion chamber adjacent to the cylinder where the short paddle is located is located.

2. The vertical biomass combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the rotating vertical shaft (16) is colinear with the cylinder axis of the cylinder where it is located.

3. The vertical biomass combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Ash discharge holes are arranged on the bottom plate of the combustion chamber, and the ash discharge holes are evenly distributed on the bottom plate, and the diameter of the ash discharge holes is 2-10 mm, preferably, the diameter of the ash discharge holes is 3-8 mm; a second slag discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder where the combustion chamber is located.

4. The vertical biomass combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety explosion-proof door (5) is provided on the side wall of the No. 2 combustion furnace (4). The safety explosion-proof door is controlled by magnetic force, and the explosion-proof threshold is 0.3-0.7 MPa, preferably 0.5 MPa.

5. The vertical biomass combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical biomass combustion furnace further comprises: a storage box (24), a motor (26), a feeding device (23), and a power transmission system, wherein the storage box (24) is connected to the feeding port on the No. 1 combustion furnace (7) through the feeding device (23), and the output end of the motor (24) is connected to a gear (28) at one end of the transmission shaft (21) through a sprocket (25) and a chain (27), and the traditional shaft (21) transmits power to the rotating vertical shaft (16) through a bevel gear (15).

6. A process for obtaining heat source from a vertical biomass combustion furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: S1: storing fuel by placing fuel into a storage box (24); S2: When the drying operation is performed, the motor (26) is started, and the motor drives the feeding device (23) to operate, and the fuel in the storage box (24) is transmitted to the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device (23), and the fuel enters the No. 1 combustion furnace and falls into the primary combustion chamber; S3: The motor (26) drives the chain (27) through the motor sprocket (25), and further drives the transmission shaft (21) and the bevel gear (15) to rotate. Through the meshing of the bevel gears, the force transmission direction is changed, and the rotating vertical shaft (16) set in the burner is driven; S4: The burner is a vertical multi-tube structure, and a combustion chamber is provided inside the burner. The fuel that is not fully burned in the primary combustion chamber is crushed and separated by a paddle and transferred to the secondary combustion chamber for further combustion. The fuel is transferred in sequence, and the paddle in the final combustion chamber transfers the incombustibles and slag after combustion to the first slag discharge port (8), and then transports them to the slag collector (14); S5: A large amount of combustible gas and tiny charcoal particles are generated in the combustion process in the combustion chamber. A combustion furnace No. 1 (7) is connected to the top of the combustion chamber. The small charcoal particles and part of the combustible gas are burned in the combustion furnace No.

1. A combustion furnace No. 2 (4) is installed on the top of the combustion furnace No.

1. The combustible gas and combustibles generated in the biomass combustion process are further fully burned in the combustion furnace No. 2 after being filled with oxygen.

7. A fruit and vegetable drying machine, characterized in that: A fruit and vegetable drying machine comprising the vertical biomass combustion furnace described in any one of claims 1 to 5 as a heat source.

8. The fruit and vegetable drying machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: It comprises a heat source chamber (39) and a drying chamber (40), wherein the heat source chamber (39) is provided with a vertical biomass combustion furnace as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, the radiator (2) of the vertical biomass combustion furnace transfers heat to a heat medium 1, the heat source chamber (39) is connected with the drying chamber (40), and the heat medium 1 is transported from the heat source chamber (39) to the drying chamber (40) to heat and dry the material to be dried.

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