A thermal management control system for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

Abstract

The present invention provides a thermal management control system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, comprising an air conditioning system, a fuel cell cooling / heating system, an energy storage cooling / heating system and an electric drive cooling system. When the fuel cell system has no cooling demand or the energy storage system has no heating demand, the fuel cell cooling / heating system and the energy storage cooling / heating system are independent of each other. When the temperature of the fuel cell cooling / heating system is greater than a1, a thermal management controller controls a three-way valve and starts the air conditioning system to cool down the fuel cell cooling / heating system by using a battery / FC heat exchanger of the energy storage system. When the temperature of the energy storage cooling / heating system is lower than b4, the energy storage cooling / heating system sends a heating request to the thermal management controller. After the thermal management controller determines through calculation that the battery cooling / heating system has excess heat, the thermal management controller controls the three-way valve to use a battery / FC heat exchanger of the energy storage system to heat the energy storage cooling / heating system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and in particular to a thermal management control system for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Background Art

[0002] At present, the cooling circuits of domestic hydrogen fuel cell / FC heat exchanger automobile thermal management systems are usually based on independent circuits. The waste heat generated by each circuit is dissipated into the air using a radiator, resulting in serious energy waste and failure to fully utilize energy, thereby increasing the energy consumption of the entire vehicle and reducing the vehicle's cruising range. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the cooling circuit in a targeted manner to fully improve the energy utilization rate and reduce the energy consumption of the entire vehicle. The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and propose a simple, efficient, highly accurate, and highly reliable thermal management system and control method for hydrogen fuel cell / FC heat exchanger automobiles, which fully utilizes energy and reduces the energy consumption of the entire vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a thermal management control system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, including an air conditioning system, a fuel cell cooling / heating system, an energy storage cooling / heating system and an electric drive cooling system.

[0004] Further, the fuel cell cooling / heating system includes a fuel cell three-way valve A, a three-way valve B, a three-way valve C, a three-way valve D, a first water pump & temperature sensor, a temperature sensor T, an FCS, a first expansion water tank, a first fan, a radiator, a battery / FC heat exchanger, a heater intercooler, and a deionizer;

[0005] The output end of the FCS is connected to the input end of the first water pump temperature sensor, the output end of the first water pump & temperature sensor is connected to the first port of the tee B, the output end of the first expansion water tank is connected to the input end of the first water pump & temperature sensor, the second port of the tee B is connected to the input end of the deionizer, the output end of the deionizer is connected to the input end of the intercooler, the output end of the intercooler is connected to the first port of the tee D, the second port of the tee D is connected to the second port of the tee C, the third port of the tee C is connected to the input end of the temperature sensor T, the output end of the temperature sensor T is connected to the input end of the FCS, the third port of the tee B is connected to the a port of the fuel cell three-way valve A, the b port of the fuel cell three-way valve A is connected to the input end of the radiator, and the output end of the radiator is connected to the third port of the tee D; the intercooler, the radiator and the FCS are all connected to the expansion water tank; the first fan is used for the fuel cell cooling / heating system to cool the radiator;

[0006] The c port of the fuel cell three-way valve A is connected to the input end of the heater, the output end of the heater is connected to the a port of the fuel cell three-way valve E, the c port of the fuel cell three-way valve E is connected to the first port of the three-way valve F, the b port of the fuel cell three-way valve E is connected to the input end of the battery / FC heat exchanger, and the output end of the battery / FC heat exchanger is connected to the three-way C through the second port of the three-way valve F.

[0007] Furthermore, the air-conditioning system includes an electronic compressor, a condenser, a high-pressure valve, a low-pressure valve, an evaporator, a chiller, a first water valve 1 and a second water valve, the output end of the electronic compressor is connected to the input end of the condenser, the output end of the condenser is respectively connected to the input ends of the first water valve and the second water valve, the output end of the first water valve is connected to the input end of the evaporator, the output end of the evaporator is connected to one end of the high-pressure valve, the other end of the high-pressure valve is connected to the input end of the electronic compressor, a low-pressure valve is arranged between the condenser and the second water valve, the output end of the first water valve is connected to the first input end of the chiller, and the first output end of the chiller is connected to one end of the high-pressure valve.

[0008] Further, the energy storage cooling / heating system includes an energy storage system three-way valve, an energy storage system, an energy storage system radiator, a second water pump & temperature sensor, a heat exchanger, a second expansion water tank, and a chiller;

[0009] The b port of the three-way valve of the energy storage system is connected to the input end of the heat exchanger, the output end of the heat exchanger is connected to the second water pump & temperature sensor, the output end of the second water pump & temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the energy storage system, the output end of the energy storage system is connected to the second input end of the chiller, the second output end of the chiller is connected to the a port of the three-way valve of the energy storage system, the c port of the three-way valve of the energy storage system is connected to the input end of the energy storage system radiator, and the output end of the energy storage system radiator is connected to the second water pump & temperature sensor through the second expansion water tank.

[0010] Further, the electric drive cooling system includes an electric drive system radiator, a second fan, a third expansion water tank, a third water pump temperature sensor, a drive motor and a motor controller;

[0011] The electric drive system radiator is connected to the input end of the third water pump & temperature sensor through the third expansion water tank, the output end of the third water pump & temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the motor controller, the output end of the motor controller is connected to the input end of the drive motor, the output end of the drive motor is connected to the all-in-one input end, the all-in-one output end is connected to the input end of the electric drive system radiator, and the second fan is arranged inside the electric drive cooling system to cool the electric drive system radiator.

[0012] Furthermore, the fuel cell cooling / heating system temperature thresholds include a1, a2, a3, and a4, the energy storage cooling / heating system temperature thresholds include b1, b2, b3, and b4, and the electric drive cooling system temperature thresholds include c1, c2, c3, and c4, all of which are VCU calibration quantities, and the temperature threshold values ​​follow: a1>a2>a3>a4, b1>b2>b3>b4, c1>c2>c3>c4.

[0013] Furthermore, when the temperature of the fuel cell cooling / heating system is between a2 and a3, the fuel cell cooling / heating system sends a level 1 cooling request to the thermal management control system. After receiving the fuel cell system cooling request, the thermal management control system controls the ab-open and ac-closed of the fuel cell three-way valve A, turns on the first water pump & temperature sensor, and adjusts the speed of the first fan according to the temperature change to cool down the fuel cell cooling / heating system.

[0014] Further, when the temperature of the fuel cell cooling / heating system is greater than a1, the fuel cell cooling / heating system sends a second-level cooling request to the thermal management control system. After receiving the fuel cell system cooling request, the thermal management control system controls the fuel cell three-way valve A to be ac on and ab off; the fuel cell three-way valve E to be ab on and ac off, the energy storage system three-way valve to be ab on and ac off, the air conditioning system first water valve to be opened, and the air conditioning system to be started to use the heat exchanger of the energy storage system to cool down the fuel cell cooling / heating system;

[0015] When the temperature of the fuel cell cooling / heating system is less than a4, the fuel cell cooling / heating system sends a heating request to the thermal management control system. After receiving the heating request of the fuel cell system, the thermal management control system starts the heater to heat the fuel cell cooling / heating system by controlling the ac on and ab off of the fuel cell three-way valve A; the ac on and ab off of the fuel cell three-way valve E.

[0016] Furthermore, when the temperature of the energy storage cooling / heating system is between b2 and b3, after the energy storage cooling / heating system sends a level 1 cooling request to the thermal management system, the thermal management system controls the ac on and ab off of the three-way valve of the energy storage system, turns on the second water pump & temperature sensor, opens the first water valve of the air-conditioning system, and compares the temperature of the electric drive cooling system at the same time, takes the larger value of the two and adjusts the speed of the second fan according to the control strategy of the larger value and the temperature change control to cool the energy storage cooling / heating system.

[0017] Furthermore, when the temperature of the energy storage cooling / heating system is greater than b1, the energy storage cooling / heating system sends a second-level cooling request to the thermal management control system. The thermal management control system controls the ab-connected and ac-closed three-way valve of the energy storage system, turns on the second water pump & temperature sensor, opens the first water valve of the air-conditioning system, and starts the air-conditioning system at the same time to cool down the energy storage cooling / heating system.

[0018] When the temperature of the energy storage cooling / heating system is less than b4, the energy storage cooling / heating system sends a heating request to the thermal management control system. After the thermal management control system determines through calculation that the battery cooling / heating system has excess heat, the thermal management control system controls the fuel cell three-way valve A to be ac on and ab off; the fuel cell three-way valve E to be ab on and ac off, the energy storage system three-way valve ab on and ac off, and the air conditioning system water valve 1 to be closed, and uses the heat exchanger of the energy storage system to heat the energy storage system.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the technical solution provided by the present invention is that the present invention combines and separates the air-conditioning system, the fuel cell cooling / heating system, the energy storage cooling / heating system and the electric drive cooling system, so that the energy of each component can be fully utilized, the energy consumption of the whole vehicle can be reduced, and the endurance of the whole vehicle can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a thermal management control system of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a thermal management control system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle; it includes an air conditioning system, a fuel cell cooling / heating system, an energy storage cooling / heating system, and an electric drive cooling system.

[0023] The fuel cell cooling / heating system includes a fuel cell three-way valve A, a three-way valve B, a three-way valve C, a three-way valve D, a first water pump & temperature sensor, a temperature sensor T, an FCS, a first expansion water tank, a first fan, a radiator, a battery / FC heat exchanger, a heater intercooler and a deionizer; the fuel cell engine system FCS includes the following main components FC, DCDC, air compressor, etc.;

[0024] The output end of the FCS is connected to the input end of the first water pump temperature sensor, the output end of the first water pump & temperature sensor is connected to the first port of the tee B, the output end of the first expansion water tank is connected to the input end of the first water pump & temperature sensor, the second port of the tee B is connected to the input end of the deionizer, the output end of the deionizer is connected to the input end of the intercooler, the output end of the intercooler is connected to the first port of the tee D, the second port of the tee D is connected to the second port of the tee C, the third port of the tee C is connected to the input end of the temperature sensor T, the output end of the temperature sensor T is connected to the input end of the FCS, the third port of the tee B is connected to the a port of the fuel cell three-way valve A, the b port of the fuel cell three-way valve A is connected to the input end of the radiator, and the output end of the radiator is connected to the third port of the tee D; the intercooler, the radiator and the FCS are all connected to the expansion water tank; the first fan is arranged inside the fuel cell cooling / heating system to cool the radiator;

[0025] The c port of the fuel cell three-way valve A is connected to the input end of the heater, the output end of the heater is connected to the a port of the fuel cell three-way valve E, the c port of the fuel cell three-way valve E is connected to the first port of the three-way valve F, the b port of the fuel cell three-way valve E is connected to the input end of the battery / FC heat exchanger, and the output end of the battery / FC heat exchanger is connected to the three-way valve C through the second port of the three-way valve F.

[0026] The air-conditioning system includes an electronic compressor, a condenser, a high-pressure valve, a low-pressure valve, an evaporator, a chiller, a first water valve and a second water valve. The output end of the electronic compressor is connected to the input end of the condenser, the output end of the condenser is respectively connected to the input ends of the first water valve and the second water valve, the output end of the first water valve is connected to the input end of the evaporator, the output end of the evaporator is connected to one end of the high-pressure valve, the other end of the high-pressure valve is connected to the input end of the electronic compressor, a low-pressure valve is arranged between the condenser and the second water valve, the output end of the first water valve is connected to the first input end of the chiller, and the first output end of the chiller is connected to one end of the high-pressure valve.

[0027] The energy storage cooling / heating system includes an energy storage system three-way valve, an energy storage system, an energy storage system radiator, a second water pump & temperature sensor, a heat exchanger, a second expansion water tank, and a chiller;

[0028] Port b of the three-way valve of the energy storage system is connected to the input end of the heat exchanger, the output end of the heat exchanger is connected to the second water pump & temperature sensor, the output end of the second water pump & temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the energy storage system, the output end of the energy storage system is connected to the second input end of the chiller, the second output end of the chiller is connected to port a of the three-way valve of the energy storage system, port c of the three-way valve of the energy storage system is connected to the input end of the energy storage system radiator, and the output end of the energy storage system radiator is connected to the second water pump & temperature sensor through the second expansion water tank.

[0029] The electric drive cooling system includes an electric drive system radiator, a second fan, a third expansion water tank, a third water pump temperature sensor, a drive motor and a motor controller;

[0030] The electric drive system radiator is connected to the input end of the third water pump & temperature sensor through the third expansion water tank, the output end of the third water pump & temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the motor controller, the output end of the motor controller is connected to the input end of the drive motor, the output end of the drive motor is connected to the all-in-one input end, the all-in-one output end is connected to the input end of the electric drive system radiator, and the second fan is arranged inside the electric drive cooling system to cool the electric drive system radiator.

[0031] The fuel cell cooling / heating system temperature thresholds include a1, a2, a3, and a4; the energy storage cooling / heating system temperature thresholds include b1, b2, b3, and b4; the electric drive cooling system temperature thresholds include c1, c2, c3, and c4, all of which are VCU calibration quantities. The temperature threshold values ​​follow the following rules: a1>a2>a3>a4, b1>b2>b3>b4, c1>c2>c3>c4.

[0032] When the temperature of the fuel cell cooling / heating system is between a2 and a3, the fuel cell cooling / heating system sends a level 1 cooling request to the thermal management control system. After receiving the fuel cell system cooling request, the thermal management control system controls the ab connection and ac connection of the fuel cell three-way valve A, turns on the first water pump & temperature sensor, and adjusts the speed of the first fan according to the temperature change to cool down the fuel cell cooling / heating system.

[0033] When the temperature of the fuel cell cooling / heating system is greater than a1, the fuel cell cooling / heating system sends a level 2 cooling request to the thermal management control system. After receiving the fuel cell system cooling request, the thermal management control system controls the fuel cell three-way valve A to be ac on and ab off; the fuel cell three-way valve E to be ab on and ac off, the energy storage system three-way valve to be ab on and ac off, and the air conditioning system to be closed. The first water valve of the air conditioning system is turned off, and the air conditioning system is started to use the heat exchanger of the energy storage system to cool down the fuel cell cooling / heating system;

[0034] When the temperature of the fuel cell cooling / heating system is less than a4, the fuel cell cooling / heating system sends a heating request to the thermal management control system. After receiving the heating request of the fuel cell system, the thermal management control system starts the heater to heat the fuel cell cooling / heating system by controlling the ac on and ab off of the fuel cell three-way valve A; the ac on and ab off of the fuel cell three-way valve E.

[0035] When the temperature of the energy storage cooling / heating system is between b2 and b3, after the energy storage cooling / heating system sends a level 1 cooling request to the thermal management system, the thermal management system controls the ac on and ab off of the three-way valve of the energy storage system, turns on the second water pump & temperature sensor, opens the first water valve of the air-conditioning system, and compares the temperature of the electric drive cooling system at the same time, takes the larger value of the two and uses the control strategy of taking the larger value and temperature change control to adjust the speed of the second fan to cool the energy storage cooling / heating system.

[0036] When the temperature of the energy storage cooling / heating system is greater than b1, the energy storage cooling / heating system sends a second-level cooling request to the thermal management control system, and the thermal management control system controls the ab opening and ac closing of the three-way valve of the energy storage system, turns on the second water pump & temperature sensor, opens the first water valve of the air conditioning system, and starts the air conditioning system at the same time to cool down the energy storage cooling / heating system;

[0037] When the temperature of the energy storage cooling / heating system is less than b4, the energy storage cooling / heating system sends a heating request to the thermal management control system. After the thermal management control system determines through calculation that the battery cooling / heating system has excess heat, the thermal management control system controls the fuel cell three-way valve A to be ac on and ab off; the fuel cell three-way valve E to be ab on and ac off, the energy storage system three-way valve ab on and ac off, and the first water valve of the air-conditioning system to be closed, and uses the heat exchanger of the energy storage system to heat the energy storage system.

[0038] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A thermal management control system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that: Including air conditioning system, fuel cell cooling / heating system, energy storage cooling / heating system and electric drive cooling system; The fuel cell cooling / heating system includes a fuel cell three-way valve A, a three-way valve B, a three-way valve C, a three-way valve D, a first water pump & temperature sensor, a temperature sensor T, a fuel cell engine system FCS, a first expansion water tank, a first fan, a radiator, a battery / FC heat exchanger, a heater intercooler and a deionizer; The output end of the FCS is connected to the input end of the first water pump temperature sensor, the output end of the first water pump & temperature sensor is connected to the first port of the tee B, the output end of the first expansion water tank is connected to the input end of the first water pump & temperature sensor, the second port of the tee B is connected to the input end of the deionizer, the output end of the deionizer is connected to the input end of the intercooler, the output end of the intercooler is connected to the first port of the tee D, the second port of the tee D is connected to the second port of the tee C, the third port of the tee C is connected to the input end of the temperature sensor T, the output end of the temperature sensor T is connected to the input end of the FCS, the third port of the tee B is connected to the a port of the fuel cell three-way valve A, the b port of the fuel cell three-way valve A is connected to the input end of the radiator, and the output end of the radiator is connected to the third port of the tee D; the intercooler, the radiator and the FCS are all connected to the expansion water tank; the first fan is used to cool the intercooler and the radiator in the fuel cell cooling / heating system; The c port of the fuel cell three-way valve A is connected to the input end of the heater, the output end of the heater is connected to the a port of the fuel cell three-way valve E, the c port of the fuel cell three-way valve E is connected to the first port of the tee F, the b port of the fuel cell three-way valve E is connected to the input end of the battery / FC heat exchanger, and the output end of the battery / FC heat exchanger is connected to the tee C through the second port of the tee F; The air conditioning system comprises an electronic compressor, a condenser, a high-pressure valve, a low-pressure valve, an evaporator, a cooler, a first water valve and a second water valve, wherein the output end of the electronic compressor is connected to the input end of the condenser, the output end of the condenser is respectively connected to the input ends of the first water valve and the second water valve, the output end of the first water valve is connected to the input end of the evaporator, the output end of the evaporator is connected to one end of the high-pressure valve, the other end of the high-pressure valve is connected to the input end of the electronic compressor, a low-pressure valve is arranged between the condenser and the second water valve, the output end of the first water valve is connected to the first input end of the cooler, and the first output end of the cooler is connected to one end of the high-pressure valve; The energy storage cooling / heating system includes an energy storage system three-way valve, an energy storage system, an energy storage system radiator, a second water pump & temperature sensor, a heat exchanger, a second expansion water tank, and a cooler; The port b of the three-way valve of the energy storage system is connected to the input end of the heat exchanger, the output end of the heat exchanger is connected to the second water pump & temperature sensor, the output end of the second water pump & temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the energy storage system, the output end of the energy storage system is connected to the second input end of the cooler, the second output end of the cooler is connected to the port a of the three-way valve of the energy storage system, the port c of the three-way valve of the energy storage system is connected to the input end of the radiator of the energy storage system, and the output end of the radiator of the energy storage system is connected to the second water pump & temperature sensor through the second expansion water tank; The electric drive cooling system includes an electric drive system radiator, a second fan, a third expansion water tank, a third water pump temperature sensor, a drive motor and a motor controller; The electric drive system radiator is connected to the input end of the third water pump & temperature sensor through the third expansion water tank, the output end of the third water pump & temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the motor controller, the output end of the motor controller is connected to the input end of the drive motor, the output end of the drive motor is connected to the input end of the all-in-one, the output end of the all-in-one is connected to the input end of the electric drive system radiator, and the second fan is arranged inside the electric drive cooling system to cool the electric drive system radiator; The fuel cell cooling / heating system temperature thresholds include a1, a2, a3, and a4, the energy storage cooling / heating system temperature thresholds include b1, b2, b3, and b4, and the electric drive cooling system temperature thresholds include c1, c2, c3, and c4, all of which are VCU calibration quantities. The temperature threshold values ​​follow: a1>a2>a3>a4, b1>b2>b3>b4, c1>c2>c3>c4; When the temperature of the fuel cell cooling / heating system is between a2 and a3, the fuel cell cooling / heating system sends a level 1 cooling request to the thermal management control system. After receiving the fuel cell system cooling request, the thermal management control system controls the ab connection and ac connection of the fuel cell three-way valve A, turns on the first water pump & temperature sensor, and adjusts the speed of the first fan according to the temperature change to cool down the fuel cell cooling / heating system.

2. A thermal management control system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the temperature of the fuel cell cooling / heating system is greater than a1, the fuel cell cooling / heating system sends a second-level cooling request to the thermal management control system. After receiving the fuel cell system cooling request, the thermal management control system controls the fuel cell three-way valve A to be ac on and ab off; the fuel cell three-way valve E to be ab on and ac off, the energy storage system three-way valve to be ab on and ac off, the air conditioning system first water valve to be opened, and the air conditioning system to be started to use the heat exchanger of the energy storage system to cool down the fuel cell cooling / heating system; When the temperature of the fuel cell cooling / heating system is less than a4, the fuel cell cooling / heating system sends a heating request to the thermal management control system. After receiving the heating request of the fuel cell system, the thermal management control system starts the heater to heat the fuel cell cooling / heating system by controlling the ac on and ab off of the fuel cell three-way valve A; the ac on and ab off of the fuel cell three-way valve E.

3. A thermal management control system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the temperature of the energy storage cooling / heating system is between b2 and b3, after the energy storage cooling / heating system sends a level 1 cooling request to the thermal management system, the thermal management system controls the ac on and ab off of the three-way valve of the energy storage system, turns on the second water pump & temperature sensor, opens the first water valve of the air-conditioning system, and compares the temperature of the electric drive cooling system at the same time, takes the larger value of the two, and adjusts the speed of the second fan according to the control strategy of the larger value and the temperature change control to cool the energy storage cooling / heating system.

4. A thermal management control system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the temperature of the energy storage cooling / heating system is greater than b1, the energy storage cooling / heating system sends a second-level cooling request to the thermal management control system. The thermal management control system controls the ab opening and ac closing of the three-way valve of the energy storage system, turns on the second water pump & temperature sensor, opens the first water valve of the air conditioning system, and starts the air conditioning system at the same time to cool down the energy storage cooling / heating system; When the temperature of the energy storage cooling / heating system is less than b4, the energy storage cooling / heating system sends a heating request to the thermal management control system. After the thermal management control system determines through calculation that the battery cooling / heating system has excess heat, the thermal management control system controls the fuel cell three-way valve A to be ac on and ab off; the fuel cell three-way valve E to be ab on and ac off, the energy storage system three-way valve ab on and ac off, and the first water valve of the air-conditioning system to be closed, and uses the heat exchanger of the energy storage system to heat the energy storage system.

Images