A shock-absorbing structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault

Abstract

A shock-absorbing structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault, which relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, includes an outer support, a support structure, and an inner support arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the tunnel. Both sides of the support structure are respectively connected to the outer support and the inner support. The support structure includes a plurality of support components arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. There is a first gap between two adjacent support components, and two adjacent support components are hinged by a first bolt. This shock-absorbing structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault can significantly improve the shock-absorbing effect of the tunnel crossing an active fault.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and more particularly, to a shock-absorbing structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault. Background Art

[0002] Regarding the prevention and control measures for tunnel projects crossing active faults, at present, it is more common to set shear joints to guide the tunnel failure position and avoid concentrated damage. In addition, means such as local reinforcement and setting shock-absorbing layers are also used to enhance the tunnel's ability to resist deformation and vibration. However, it is difficult to ensure the smoothness of the track operation in the tunnel during long-term continuous fault creep, and it is also difficult to have excellent shock-absorbing effects when encountering sudden earthquakes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shock-absorbing structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault, which can significantly improve the shock-absorbing effect of the tunnel crossing an active fault.

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a shock-absorbing structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault, including an outer support, a support structure, and an inner support arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the tunnel. Both sides of the support structure are respectively connected to the outer support and the inner support. The support structure includes a plurality of support components arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. There is a first gap between adjacent two support components, and adjacent two support components are hinged by a first bolt; each support component includes a plurality of support blocks arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel. There is a second gap between adjacent two support blocks, and adjacent two support blocks are hinged by a second bolt; the support blocks are precast concrete, and both sides of the precast concrete are respectively attached to the outer support and the inner support; both the first gap and the second gap are filled with foam concrete. This shock-absorbing structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault can significantly improve the shock-absorbing effect of the tunnel crossing an active fault.

[0006] Optionally, both the first bolt and the second bolt are high-strength bolts.

[0007] Optionally, the support structure is fixedly connected to the outer support, and the support structure is fixedly connected to the inner support.

[0008] Optionally, the support structure is fixedly connected to the outer support, and the support structure is hinged to the inner support.

[0009] Optionally, the outer support includes an initial support and a plurality of bolts arranged radially along the tunnel. The initial support is arranged along the excavation contour line of the tunnel, and one end of each bolt is fixed to the initial support and the other end extends into the external surrounding rock.

[0010] Optionally, the extension direction of the rock bolt is perpendicular to the initial support.

[0011] Optionally, the inner support includes a first pipe arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel and a second pipe sleeved outside the first pipe, and concrete is filled between the first pipe and the second pipe.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of maintenance channels are arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel in the inner support, and the maintenance channels sequentially penetrate through the first pipe, the concrete, and the second pipe along the radial direction of the tunnel.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0014] The shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel includes an outer support, a support structure, and an inner support arranged sequentially along the radial direction of the tunnel. Since the outer support and the inner support are two independent and spaced-apart parts, when the active fault moves, the outer support and the inner support in the fault movement area will produce a certain degree of relative displacement along the fault movement direction. Among them, the shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel is connected to the outer support and the inner support respectively on both sides of the support structure. The support structure includes a plurality of support components arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. There is a first gap between adjacent two support components, and adjacent two support components are hinged by a first bolt. Therefore, when subjected to external forces (including active fault action and gravity action), any first gap can be increased or compressed, and any support component can rotate by a certain angle (it can be clockwise rotation or counterclockwise rotation). Thus, in the case of fault creep, the support component can automatically adjust the gap (i.e., the actual size of the first gap) and the angle according to the surrounding rock displacement and ground stress. The inner support hardly gets damaged, the traffic in the tunnel is not affected, and the tunnel project only needs to be regularly maintained. In the case of small or medium earthquakes, the support component can be broken before the inner support, and then the shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing effect is increased. At this time, the inner support, as a whole structure with greater strength, can resist a large number of shock waves and resist part of the collapsed surrounding rock, providing evacuation time for the vehicles and pedestrians in the tunnel, thereby significantly improving the shock-absorbing effect of the cross-active fault tunnel, ensuring the safety of the tunnel lining structure, and reducing the harm of the active fault to the tunnel structure. Description of the Drawings

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1One of the schematic structural diagrams of the shock absorption structure for a cross-active fault tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 Two of the schematic structural diagrams of the shock absorption structure for a cross-active fault tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 Three of the schematic structural diagrams of the shock absorption structure for a cross-active fault tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 Four of the schematic structural diagrams of the shock absorption structure for a cross-active fault tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 Five of the schematic structural diagrams of the shock absorption structure for a cross-active fault tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 Six of the schematic structural diagrams of the shock absorption structure for a cross-active fault tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 Seven of the schematic structural diagrams of the shock absorption structure for a cross-active fault tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals: 10 - outer support; 11 - primary support; 12 - anchor bolt; 20 - support structure; 21 - support assembly; 211 - support block; 212 - second gap; 213 - second bolt; 22 - first gap; 23 - first bolt; 30 - inner support; 31 - first pipe; 32 - second pipe; 33 - concrete; 40 - inspection passage; 200 - surrounding rock. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for differential description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", etc. do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or hanging, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the connection inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , this embodiment provides a shock-absorbing structure for a cross-active fault tunnel, which includes an outer support 10, a support structure 20, and an inner support 30 arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the tunnel. Both sides of the support structure 20 are connected to the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 respectively. The support structure 20 includes a plurality of support components 21 arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. There is a first gap 22 between adjacent two support components 21, and adjacent two support components 21 are hinged by a first bolt 23. The shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel can significantly improve the shock-absorbing effect of the cross-active fault tunnel.

[0031] It should be noted that, first, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel includes an outer support 10, a support structure 20, and an inner support 30. The outer support 10, the support structure 20, and the inner support 30 are arranged in sequence from outside to inside along the radial direction of the tunnel. Among them, for the specific structures and construction methods of the above-mentioned outer support 10 and inner support 30, those skilled in the art should be able to make reasonable selections and designs according to the specific structures and construction methods of the outer support 10 and inner support 30 in the tunnel lining structure in the prior art, and no specific restrictions are made here. In addition, the surrounding rock 200 in the figure is only used to facilitate the understanding of the tunnel lining structure and is not included in the tunnel lining structure.

[0032] Second, the above-mentioned outer support 10 and inner support 30 are two independent and spaced-apart parts. In other words, there is a cavity between the outer support 10 and the inner support 30. Therefore, when the active fault moves, the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 in the fault movement area will produce a certain degree of relative displacement along the fault movement direction. At this time, the cavity can reserve a moving space for the relative displacement between the whole tunnel and the external surrounding rock 200 in the case of fault creep movement, so as to ensure that no matter how the external surrounding rock 200 moves slowly, the position, force, and shape of the whole tunnel can basically remain unchanged, and the influence on the whole tunnel is reduced.

[0033] Third, the shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel is connected to the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 respectively through both sides of the support structure 20. As Figure 2 shown, the support structure 20 includes a plurality of support components 21 arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. There is a first gap 22 between adjacent two support components 21. Adjacent two support components 21 are hinged through a first bolt 23 to minimize the influence of the hanging wall and footwall movement and ground vibration on the cross-active fault tunnel, thereby significantly improving the shock-absorbing effect of the cross-active fault tunnel.

[0034] Specifically, since there is a first gap 22 between two adjacent support components 21, and the two adjacent support components 21 are hinged by a first bolt 23, when an external force acts (including active fault action and gravity action), any first gap 22 can be increased or compressed, and any support component 21 can rotate by a certain angle (it can be clockwise rotation or counterclockwise rotation). Thus, in the case of fault creep, the support component 21 can automatically adjust the gap (i.e., the actual size of the first gap 22) and the angle according to the displacement of the surrounding rock 200 and the ground stress. The inner lining 30 hardly gets damaged, and the traffic in the tunnel is not affected. The tunnel project only needs to be regularly maintained. In the case of small or medium-sized earthquakes, the support component 21 can be broken first, and then the shock absorption effect is increased. At this time, the inner lining 30, as a relatively strong integral structure, can resist a large number of shock waves and resist part of the collapsed surrounding rock 200, providing evacuation time for the vehicles and pedestrians in the tunnel, thereby significantly improving the shock absorption effect of the tunnel across the active fault, ensuring the safety of the tunnel lining structure, and reducing the harm of the active fault to the tunnel structure.

[0035] It should be noted that compared with the tunnel lining structure in other areas, the tunnel lining structure in the fault dislocation area needs to reduce the influence of the hanging wall and footwall dislocation and ground vibration on the tunnel across the active fault through the above-mentioned support structure 20. However, this does not mean that the tunnel lining structure in other areas cannot use the above-mentioned method for construction operations. That is, as long as it does not affect the tunnel lining structure, the tunnel lining structure in other areas can also use the above-mentioned support structure 20 to connect the outer lining 10 and the inner lining 30.

[0036] In addition, along the radial direction of the tunnel, the radius of the cavity can be reasonably selected and designed according to the fault creep direction, rate, and design maintenance period, and no specific limitation is made here; along the axial direction of the tunnel, the radius of the cavity can be determined in segments according to the displacement mode of the active fault, that is, the rock mass is divided into zones according to the displacement mode of the active fault, including a small displacement zone, a medium displacement zone, and a large displacement zone, and then the radius of the cavity to be excavated is determined in segments, and the progressive excavation method is adopted to control the economic cost.

[0037] As described above, the shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel includes an outer support 10, a support structure 20, and an inner support 30 arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the tunnel. Since the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 are two independent and spaced-apart parts, when the active fault moves, a certain degree of relative displacement will occur between the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 within the fault displacement area along the fault displacement direction. Among them, the shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel is connected to the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 respectively on both sides of the support structure 20. The support structure 20 includes a plurality of support components 21 arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. There is a first gap 22 between adjacent support components 21, and adjacent support components 21 are hinged by a first bolt 23. Therefore, when subjected to external forces (including active fault action and gravity), any first gap 22 can be increased or compressed, and any support component 21 can rotate by a certain angle (it can be clockwise rotation or counterclockwise rotation). Thus, in the case of fault creep, the support component 21 can automatically adjust the gap (i.e., the actual size of the first gap 22) and the angle according to the displacement of the surrounding rock 200 and the ground stress. The inner support 30 is hardly damaged, the traffic in the tunnel is not affected, and the tunnel project only needs to be regularly maintained. In the case of small or medium-sized earthquakes, the support component 21 can be broken before the inner support 30, and then the shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing effect is increased. At this time, the inner support 30, as a relatively strong integral structure, can resist a large number of shock waves and resist part of the collapsed surrounding rock 200, providing evacuation time for the vehicles and pedestrians in the tunnel, thereby significantly improving the shock-absorbing effect of the cross-active fault tunnel, ensuring the safety of the tunnel lining structure, and reducing the harm of the active fault to the tunnel structure.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 again. When the range (longitudinal length) within the fault displacement area is large, relying only on the support components 21 arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel is not sufficient to fully reduce the harm of the active fault to the tunnel structure. Therefore, in this embodiment, the support component 21 includes a plurality of support blocks 211 arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel. There is a second gap 212 between adjacent support blocks 211, and adjacent support blocks 211 are hinged by a second bolt 213.

[0039] Similarly, since there is a second gap 212 between two adjacent support blocks 211, and the two adjacent support blocks 211 are hinged by a second bolt 213, when an external force acts (including the action of active faults and gravity), any second gap 212 can increase or compress, and any support block 211 can rotate by a certain angle (it can be clockwise rotation or counterclockwise rotation). Thus, in the case of fault creep, the support block 211 can automatically adjust the gap (i.e., the actual size of the second gap 212) and the angle according to the displacement of the surrounding rock 200 and the ground stress. The inner support 30 hardly gets damaged, and the traffic in the tunnel is not affected. The tunnel project only needs to be regularly maintained. In the case of small or medium earthquakes, the support block 211 can be broken before the inner support 30, and then the shock absorption and energy absorption effect increases. At this time, the inner support 30, as a relatively strong integral structure, can resist a large number of shock waves and resist part of the collapsed surrounding rock 200, providing evacuation time for the vehicles and pedestrians in the tunnel, and further significantly improving the shock absorption effect of the tunnel across the active fault, ensuring the safety of the tunnel lining structure, and further reducing the harm of the active fault to the tunnel structure.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 5 again. In this embodiment, the support block 211 is precast concrete 33. The two sides of the precast concrete 33 are respectively attached to the outer support 10 and the inner support 30, so as to facilitate the adaptive adjustment of the actual sizes of the first gap 22 and the second gap 212. At the same time, it also facilitates the adaptive adjustment of the actual positions of the support assembly 21 and the support block 211.

[0041] Regarding the actual shape and actual size of the support block 211, those skilled in the art can make reasonable selection and design according to the actual shape of the cavity between the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 and the actual position where the support block 211 is located. Figures 1 to 5 The shape of the support block 211 in

[0042] only serves as an illustrative example and is not used to limit the actual shape of the support block 211. Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in

[0043] In this embodiment, both the first bolt 23 and the second bolt 213 are high-strength bolts to further enhance the connection strength between two adjacent support assemblies 21 and two adjacent support blocks 211, so that the self-strength of the support assembly 21 is greater, and further the integrity of the shock absorption structure of the tunnel across the active fault is better. Figure 2 Regarding the actual number of the first bolt 23 and the second bolt 213, those skilled in the art can make reasonable selection and design according to the actual situation. Figure 4The number of the second bolts 213 only serves to illustrate and does not specifically limit the actual numbers of the first bolts 23 and the second bolts 213. It is only necessary that the first bolts 23 can meet the connection requirements between two adjacent support assemblies 21, and the second bolts 213 can meet the connection requirements between two adjacent support blocks 211.

[0044] It should be noted that the more the number of the first bolts 23, the greater the connection strength between two adjacent support assemblies 21. However, the number of the first bolts 23 should not be too large, as too many first bolts 23 may affect the adaptive adjustment of the actual size of the first gap 22 and the adaptive adjustment of the actual position of the support assembly 21. Similarly, the more the number of the second bolts 213, the greater the connection strength between two adjacent support blocks 211. However, the number of the second bolts 213 should not be too large, as too many second bolts 213 may affect the adaptive adjustment of the actual size of the second gap 212 and the adaptive adjustment of the actual position of the support block 211.

[0045] Optionally, both the first gap 22 and the second gap 212 are filled with foamed concrete 33 (not shown in the figure) to increase the flexible connection between two adjacent support assemblies 21 and two adjacent support blocks 211. Based on the characteristics of the high compression ratio of the foamed concrete 33, on the basis of reserving the adjustment space for the actual sizes of the first gap 22 and the second gap 212, the shock absorption and energy absorption effect is further increased, so as to better significantly improve the shock absorption effect of the cross-active fault tunnel.

[0046] It should be noted that the foamed concrete 33, also known as the aerated concrete 33, is a new type of lightweight thermal insulation material containing a large number of closed pores formed by mechanically foaming the foaming agent through the foaming system of the bubble machine, uniformly mixing the foam with the cement slurry, and then performing in-situ construction or mold forming through the pumping system of the bubble machine and natural curing. The foamed concrete 33 is a lightweight, thermal insulation, heat insulation, fire resistance, sound insulation and frost-resistant concrete 33 material. The slurry can be self-leveling and self-compacting, with good workability for construction, convenient for pumping and leveling, having good compatibility with almost all other building materials, and the strength can be adjusted.

[0047] Optionally, the support structure 20 is fixedly connected to the outer support 10 and the support structure 20 is fixedly connected to the inner support 30; alternatively, the support structure 20 is fixedly connected to the outer support 10 and the support structure 20 is hinged to the inner support 30. When the support structure 20 is fixedly connected to the outer support 10 and the support structure 20 is fixedly connected to the inner support 30, the shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel adapts to the relative displacement and stress change between the surrounding rock 200 and the inner support 30 by adjusting the actual sizes of the first gap 22 and the second gap 212 and adjusting the actual positions of the support assembly 21 and the support block 211; when the support structure 20 is fixedly connected to the outer support 10 and the support structure 20 is hinged to the inner support 30, in addition to adjusting the actual sizes of the first gap 22 and the second gap 212 and adjusting the actual positions of the support assembly 21 and the support block 211, the shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel also adapts to the relative displacement and stress change between the surrounding rock 200 and the inner support 30 by adjusting the relative position between the support block 211 and the inner support 30.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 6 again. In this embodiment, the outer support 10 includes the primary support 11 and a plurality of bolts 12 radially arranged along the tunnel. The primary support 11 is arranged along the excavation contour line of the tunnel. One end of the bolt 12 is fixed to the primary support 11 and the other end extends into the external surrounding rock 200.

[0049] It should be noted that the outer support 10 includes the primary support 11 and a plurality of bolts 12. The plurality of bolts 12 are arranged radially along the tunnel and are radially arranged. The primary support 11 is arranged along the excavation contour line of the tunnel. Generally, the fault surrounding rock 200 is relatively broken. After excavation, shotcrete 33 can be sprayed first as the primary support 11. One end of the bolt 12 is fixed to the primary support 11 and the other end extends into the external surrounding rock 200 to increase the strength of the surrounding rock 200 through the mutual cooperation of the primary support 11 and the bolts 12. When the fault is not violently active, a certain deformation of the surrounding rock 200 is allowed to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock 200.

[0050] Certainly, in other embodiments, other support measures can also be adopted for the outer support 10, such as grouting bolt 12 support, combined support of steel arch and shotcrete 33, etc. Those skilled in the art can make reasonable judgments and selections according to the integrity of the on-site surrounding rock 200 and the construction conditions, so that the outer surrounding rock 200 of the tunnel will not collapse extensively during fault creep or small earthquakes.

[0051] Among them, as Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the extending direction of the bolt 12 is perpendicular to the primary support 11. During the actual construction process, construction workers can first measure and mark the actual position of the bolt 12, then drill holes in the primary support 11, and then drive the bolt 12 into the external surrounding rock 200 in a direction perpendicular to the primary support 11 (or the excavation contour line of the tunnel), and then grout and seal the opening.

[0052] Please also refer to Figure 7 , in this embodiment, the inner support 30 includes a first pipe 31 arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel and a second pipe 32 sleeved outside the first pipe 31, and concrete 33 is filled between the first pipe 31 and the second pipe 32.

[0053] It should be noted that, first, the inner support 30 includes the first pipe 31 and the second pipe 32, and both the first pipe 31 and the second pipe 32 are arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel. Among them, the inner wall surface of the first pipe 31 is arranged along the tunnel clearance. In other words, the inside of the first pipe 31 is the inside of the tunnel. The second pipe 32 is sleeved outside the first pipe 31, and concrete 33 is filled between the outer wall surface of the first pipe 31 and the inner wall surface of the second pipe 32, so that the first pipe 31 and the second pipe 32 jointly form a stable and firm integral closed structure through the concrete 33, thereby improving the overall compressive capacity, flexural capacity, seismic resistance and impermeability of the tunnel, and further improving the bearing capacity of the tunnel as a whole when small-scale collapses occur in the external surrounding rock 200.

[0054] Second, in order to further enhance the firmness of the inner support 30, in this embodiment, the materials of both the first pipe 31 and the second pipe 32 are steel, so that the first pipe 31, the concrete 33 and the second pipe 32 can form an inner support 30 with very high strength to ensure the integrity of the tunnel structure in the case of fault creep and dislocation.

[0055] As Figure 7 shown, in this embodiment, the inner support 30 is provided with a plurality of inspection channels 40 along the axial direction of the tunnel. The inspection channels 40 sequentially penetrate through the first pipe 31, the concrete 33 and the second pipe 32 along the radial direction of the tunnel, so as to facilitate the regular inspection and maintenance of the tunnel structure by reserving the inspection channels 40.

[0056] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shock-absorbing structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault, characterized in that, It includes an outer support, a support structure, and an inner support arranged successively along the radial direction of the tunnel. Both sides of the support structure are connected to the outer support and the inner support respectively. The support structure includes a plurality of support components arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. There is a first gap between adjacent two support components, and adjacent two support components are hinged by a first bolt; each support component includes a plurality of support blocks arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel. There is a second gap between adjacent two support blocks, and adjacent two support blocks are hinged by a second bolt; the support blocks are precast concrete, and both sides of the precast concrete are respectively attached to the outer support and the inner support; both the first gap and the second gap are filled with foam concrete.

2. The shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to claim 1, wherein Both the first bolt and the second bolt are high-strength bolts.

3. The shock absorption structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The support structure is fixedly connected to the outer support, and the support structure is fixedly connected to the inner support.

4. The shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The support structure is fixedly connected to the outer support, and the support structure is hinged to the inner support.

5. The shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer support includes an initial support and a plurality of bolts arranged radially in a radial pattern along the tunnel. The initial support is arranged along the excavation contour line of the tunnel, and one end of the bolt is fixed to the initial support and the other end extends into the external surrounding rock.

6. The shock absorption structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to claim 5, wherein The extending direction of the bolt is perpendicular to the initial support.

7. The shock absorption structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner support includes a first pipe arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel and a second pipe sleeved outside the first pipe. Concrete is filled between the first pipe and the second pipe.

8. The shock absorption structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that, A plurality of inspection channels are arranged along the axial direction of the inner support, and the inspection channels successively penetrate through the first pipe, the concrete, and the second pipe along the radial direction of the tunnel.

Images