Water body comprehensive toxicity detection equipment and detection method based on phytoplankton

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive toxicity detection of water bodies, and discloses a comprehensive toxicity detection device and method for water bodies based on phytoplankton. Precision sequential injection is used to avoid system cross-contamination, while improving measurement accuracy, reducing equipment reagent loss, and reducing the frequency of later equipment maintenance. In addition, the detection method adds a pre-measurement comparison group for the water sample to be tested on the basis of the comparison of toxic blank water samples, thereby avoiding interference factors due to phytoplankton contained in the water sample to be tested, improving the inherent defects of relying on phytoplankton to measure toxic content, and realizing accurate detection of comprehensive toxicity of water bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water body comprehensive toxicity detection, and in particular to a water body comprehensive toxicity detection device and a detection method based on phytoplankton. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, water pollution has become increasingly complex, and pollution accidents caused by heavy metals and organic toxins have occurred frequently, which has attracted great attention at home and abroad to the safety of water quality and ecological environment. Physical and chemical analysis methods such as toxic pollutant identification and concentration analysis can no longer solve the problem of water quality safety evaluation. Since the pollutants contained in water bodies vary greatly, a single physical and chemical indicator only reflects the content of a small part of the substances, and it is impossible to make a comprehensive evaluation of the pollution status of all substances.

[0003] Traditional water quality indicators such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus only represent the content level of a certain substance or a certain type of substance in the water body, and lack comprehensive indicators that reflect the toxicity of the water body. Even if the physical and chemical indicators of discharged sewage meet the standards, it is still possible to have toxic effects on aquatic microorganisms and may even bring potential risks to the aquatic ecosystem of the receiving water body. Aquatic biological toxicity monitoring technology is currently the most capable evaluation method for the comprehensive impact of various pollutants on the water environment.

[0004] At present, the most common methods in the water toxicity warning market are the luminescent bacteria toxicity analysis method and the algae toxicity analysis method. However, the luminescent bacteria currently used mainly include Photobacterium luminescens, Vibrio fischeri, and Vibrio qinghaiensis. Among them, Photobacterium luminescens and Vibrio fischeri are marine luminescent bacteria, and Vibrio qinghaiensis is a freshwater luminescent bacteria. However, the comprehensive toxicity analysis of luminescent bacteria actually used in online automatic monitoring of surface water basically adopts the marine luminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri. There are differences in the measurement systems (including salinity, buffer system, and reaction time) of different bacterial species, and there are also certain differences in the toxicity sensitivity and test principles to different toxic compounds. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. At present, there is a lack of comparative research on the luminescence performance tests of different bacterial species.

[0005] In addition, in view of the instability of luminous bacteria and the inherent advantages of algae in evaluating the comprehensive quality of water bodies, the later development of algae toxicity monitoring products is more extensive, and the comprehensive ecological environment of water bodies is more convincing and authentic for later evaluation. Compared with traditional living biological receptors, luminous bacteria are indeed a good monitoring medium. However, bacteria are susceptible to influence, and even slight changes in water bodies may affect their activity. Therefore, false alarms and false news often occur during on-site applications, which seriously affects their early warning capabilities. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a water body comprehensive toxicity detection device and detection method based on phytoplankton.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A comprehensive water toxicity detection device based on phytoplankton, comprising a system toxicity detection module and a system flow path module;

[0009] The system flow path module comprises:

[0010] An optical detection darkroom, used to hold blank water samples, water samples to be tested, or water samples to be tested with algae reagent added;

[0011] flow pipe;

[0012] The power pump is arranged on the flow path pipeline and is used to transport the water sample to be tested into the optical detection darkroom or to empty the water sample to be tested in the optical detection darkroom.

[0013] A reagent component, storing an algae reagent therein;

[0014] Cleaning component, with blank water sample stored inside;

[0015] A multi-channel switching valve, whose input end is respectively connected to the reagent assembly, the cleaning assembly, and the flow path pipeline, and whose output end is connected to the optical detection darkroom; used to control the connection relationship between the reagent assembly, the cleaning assembly, the flow path pipeline, and the optical detection darkroom;

[0016] The system toxicity detection module comprises:

[0017] The system light source is used to emit light and transmit the light into the optical detection darkroom through an optical transmission medium to form incident light;

[0018] The photoelectric detection component comprises a detection surface for detecting a water sample to be detected in an optical detection darkroom, wherein the detection surface is arranged orthogonally to the plane where the incident light is located.

[0019] Furthermore, the light emitted by the system light source is composed of matrix-type multi-wavelength monochromatic light; the wavelength of the matrix-type multi-wavelength monochromatic light can excite the algae for fluorescence.

[0020] Furthermore, the wavelength range of the matrix-type multi-wavelength monochromatic light is 300nm to 900nm.

[0021] Furthermore, the system light source has a matrix excitation mode capable of emitting matrix excitation light and a single-point excitation mode capable of emitting single-point excitation light; the matrix excitation light is used to detect the concentration distribution of algae communities contained in the water sample to be tested, so as to avoid the interference of the algae activity of the water sample to be tested itself on the toxicity detection; the single-point excitation light can use fast phase excitation mode and relaxation excitation mode to excite the water sample to be tested with the algae reagent added, so as to obtain the algae activity parameters of the water sample to be tested with the algae reagent added.

[0022] A detection method for a water body comprehensive toxicity detection device based on phytoplankton, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step A: driving the power pump to extract the water sample to be tested into the flow pipe, and the water sample to be tested flows into the optical detection darkroom through the flow pipe and the multi-channel switching valve to wait for detection;

[0024] Step B: Switch the system light source to the matrix excitation mode, the emitted matrix excitation light is incident into the optical detection darkroom through the optical transmission medium, and the algae community concentration distribution of the water sample to be tested is detected by the photoelectric detection component;

[0025] Step C: injecting algae reagent into the water sample to be tested; switching the system light source to the single-point excitation mode, the emitted single-point excitation light is incident into the optical detection darkroom through the optical transmission medium, and the algae activity parameters of the water sample to be tested with the algae reagent added are detected by the photoelectric detection component;

[0026] Step D: drain the water sample to be tested and inject a blank water sample; detect the algae community concentration distribution of the blank water sample itself and the algae activity parameters after adding the algae reagent in the same manner as steps B and C;

[0027] Step E: The algae community concentration distribution of the water sample to be tested is used as the base, and according to the algae community concentration distribution of the water sample to be tested and the amount of the algae reagent injected in step C, the actual algae content in the water sample to be tested after adding the algae reagent is calculated to obtain the activity parameter of the algae reagent in the water sample to be tested; the algae reagent activity parameter in the blank water sample is obtained by the same method as above;

[0028] Step F: Compare the algae reagent activity parameters of the water sample to be tested and the blank water sample, and calculate the photosynthesis parameters that can reflect the physiological state of the organisms in the water sample to be tested according to the pre-established fluorescence kinetic curve.

[0029] Specifically, the photosynthesis parameters include photosynthetic photochemical quantum yield, photochemical efficiency, and photosynthetic electron conduction rate.

[0030] Specifically, the step F of establishing the fluorescence kinetic curve includes the following steps:

[0031] Step F1: Prepare N blank samples of the same volume of deionized water;

[0032] Step F2: preparing N-1 atrazine standard solution according to a gradient within a set concentration range;

[0033] Step F3: adding equal amounts of atrazine standard solutions of different concentrations to the blank sample to form a series of experimental samples, and reserving a blank sample;

[0034] Step F4: adding equal amounts of algae reagent to each experimental sample and a blank sample, respectively, to form experimental samples to be tested and blank samples to be tested, which are collectively referred to as samples to be tested;

[0035] Step F5: Detecting algae activity parameters of each sample to be tested using steps A to D;

[0036] Step F6: According to the algae activity parameters of each sample to be tested, the fluorescence kinetic curve of each sample to be tested is drawn, and then the photosynthesis parameters reflecting the physiological state of the algae can be obtained.

[0037] Specifically, by comparing the fluorescence kinetic curves of each experimental sample and the blank sample, combined with the changes in photosynthesis parameters, the photosynthesis parameters can be used instead of the fluorescence kinetic curves of each experimental sample to invert the strength relationship of each sample in inhibiting the photosynthetic activity of algae.

[0038] In order to further quantify the comprehensive toxicity of the water samples to be tested, the atrazine content of each sample to be tested is obtained according to steps F2 and F3, and a one-to-one correspondence between the change in atrazine content and the change in photosynthesis parameters is obtained, thereby inverting the comprehensive toxicity content of the water sample relative to the toxic dose of atrazine.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0040] (1) The detection device of the present invention connects the flow path pipeline, reagent assembly, and cleaning assembly through a multi-channel switching valve, and uses precise sequential injection to avoid system cross-contamination, improve measurement accuracy, reduce equipment reagent loss, and reduce the frequency of equipment maintenance.

[0041] (2) It makes up for the shortcomings of existing luminous bacteria water environment testing, improves the original defects of relying on floating algae to analyze the comprehensive toxicity of water bodies, fundamentally eliminates the interference factors of the external environment, and improves the accuracy of the product.

[0042] (3) The detection method of the present invention detects the algae community concentration distribution of the water sample itself on the basis of the traditional toxicity blank sample comparison, thereby avoiding the interference of phytoplankton contained in the water sample itself and realizing the accurate detection of the comprehensive toxicity of the water body.

[0043] (4) Both ends of the flow path pipeline are connected to the water sample to be tested and the multi-channel switching valve respectively. The power pump can realize the water sample to be tested entering the optical detection darkroom and the water sample to be tested can be discharged from the optical detection darkroom; the multi-channel switching valve is used to control the algae reagent or the blank water sample to enter the optical detection darkroom. In addition, the blank water sample in the cleaning component can also be used as cleaning water to clean the optical detection darkroom. The present invention has the functions of automatic sampling, automatic cleaning, and automatic waste discharge, which can meet the application requirements of real-time online water environment monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic block diagram of the detection device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] The detection equipment includes a system toxicity detection module 1 and a system flow path module 2; the system toxicity detection module 1 includes a host computer 11, a control and acquisition center 12, a drive circuit 13, a system light source 14, a photoelectric detection component 16, and a signal processor 15; the system flow path module 2 includes: a power pump 21, a flow path pipeline 22, a reagent component 23, a cleaning component 24, an optical detection darkroom 25 and a multi-channel switching valve 26.

[0047] Based on the setting of the upper computer 11, the various components of the system flow module 2 are controlled by the control collection center 12 to operate, and the power pump 21 is combined with the flow pipeline 22 to realize the extraction and emptying of the water sample to be tested, and then the blank water sample, algae reagent, and water sample to be tested channels are switched by relying on the multi-channel switching valve 26; the flow outlet of the multi-channel switching valve 26 is connected to the optical detection darkroom 25, so that the blank water sample, the water sample to be tested, and the algae reagent can enter the optical detection darkroom; the blank water sample can be used as cleaning water.

[0048] The system toxicity detection module 1 has the function of detecting the physiological state of phytoplankton in the water body. The host computer 11 is connected to the control and acquisition center 12 through a protocol and can write its parameters; the output end of the control and acquisition center 12 is connected to the input end of the drive circuit 13; the output end of the drive circuit 13 is connected to the input end of the system light source 14, and can light up the system light source. The system light source 14 is combined with the photoelectric detection component 16 through an optical transmission medium 17. The detection surface of the photoelectric detection component 16 and the incident surface of the system light source are three-dimensionally vertically distributed; the output end of the photoelectric detection component 16 is connected to the input end of the control and acquisition center 12 through the output end of the signal processor 15; the reading end of the host computer 11 is interconnected with the transmission end of the control and acquisition center 12, which is used to display the model and output the measurement results.

[0049] The light emitted by the system light source 14 is composed of matrix multi-wavelength monochromatic light, with a wavelength range from 300nm to 900nm, which can meet the common algae community fluorescence excitation requirements; the system light source has two working modes, namely matrix excitation mode and single-point excitation mode. The matrix excitation light is used to detect the concentration distribution of the algae community contained in the water sample to be tested, so as to avoid the interference of the algae activity of the water sample to be tested on the toxicity measurement. The single-point excitation light excites the water sample to be tested with the algae reagent added through two excitation modes, fast phase and relaxation, to obtain the algae activity parameters of the water sample to be tested.

[0050] The detection method includes the following steps:

[0051] Step A: The components of the detection equipment are fixedly installed, the human-computer interaction interface is started through the host computer 11, and the control acquisition center 12 is set to control the system flow module 1: the power pump 21 and the flow pipeline 22 are driven to complete the extraction of the water sample to be tested, and the extracted water sample to be tested flows into the optical detection darkroom 25 through the flow pipeline 22 and the multi-channel switching valve 26, waiting for detection;

[0052] Step B: The host computer 11 communicates with the control and collection center 12, triggering the driving circuit 13 to switch the system light source 14 to the matrix excitation mode; the matrix excitation light emitted by the system light source is incident on the optical detection darkroom 25 through the optical transmission medium 17, and the photoelectric detection component 16 detects and obtains the algae community concentration distribution of the water sample to be tested;

[0053] Step C: Control the multi-channel switching valve 26 to connect the input end of the reagent module 23 with the input end of the optical detection darkroom 25, and inject the algae reagent into the water sample to be tested in the optical detection darkroom 25; communicate with the control and collection center 12 through the host computer 11, trigger the drive circuit 13 to light up the system light source 14, switch to the single-point excitation mode, and make the system light source in the fast phase and relaxation excitation modes through the internal excitation mechanism; similarly, the single-point excitation light emitted by the system light source is incident on the optical detection darkroom 25 through the optical transmission medium 17, and the photoelectric detection component 16 detects the fluorescence signal changes of the algae reagent under the two excitation modes, and then the signal processor 15 further processes it;

[0054] Step D: In the same manner as steps B and C, the algae community concentration distribution of the blank water sample itself and the algae activity parameters after adding the algae reagent are detected to obtain a fluorescence signal change model of the blank water sample;

[0055] Step E: The algae concentration distribution of the water sample to be tested is used as the algae concentration base value of the water sample to be tested. The amount of the algae reagent added in step C can be obtained, and the actual algae content in the water sample to be tested after the algae reagent is added and the base is removed can be calculated to obtain the algae reagent activity parameter of the water sample to be tested; the algae reagent activity parameter of the blank water sample is obtained in the same way;

[0056] Step F: Compare the activity parameters of the algae reagent in the test water sample and the blank water sample, and further calculate a variety of photosynthesis parameters reflecting the biological physiological state with the help of the pre-established fluorescence kinetic curve; the photosynthesis parameters include photosynthesis photochemical quantum yield, photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic electron conduction rate, etc.

[0057] The recommended steps for fluorescence kinetics include:

[0058] Step F1: Prepare a series of blank samples with the same volume of deionized water;

[0059] Step F2: preparing a gradient range of atrazine standard solutions;

[0060] Step F3: Add an equal amount of atrazine standard solution to the blank sample to form an experimental sample, and reserve a blank sample;

[0061] Step F4: adding an equal amount of cultured algae reagent solution to each experimental sample and a blank sample to form a sample to be tested;

[0062] Step F5: detecting algae activity parameters of each sample to be tested through steps A, B, C, and D;

[0063] Step F6: based on the algae activity parameters of each sample to be tested, draw the respective fluorescence kinetic curves, and then obtain the photosynthesis parameters reflecting the physiological state of the algae, such as fluorescence quantum yield, etc.;

[0064] Step F7: Compare the fluorescence kinetic curves of each test sample and the blank test sample, and combine the changes of photosynthesis parameters before and after, that is, the change of photosynthesis parameters can be used to replace each fluorescence kinetic curve, and then the strength relationship of various test water samples in inhibiting algae photosynthetic activity can be inverted.

[0065] Step F8: In order to further quantify the comprehensive toxicity, the toxic reagent preset before the experiment - atrazine dose can be combined to obtain a one-to-one correspondence between the change in atrazine toxic dose and the change in relative photosynthesis parameters, and the comprehensive water sample toxicity content relative to the atrazine dose can be inverted.

[0066] The present invention utilizes precise sequential injection means to avoid system cross-contamination, while improving measurement accuracy, reducing equipment reagent loss, and reducing the frequency of equipment maintenance in the later stage; in addition, the detection method adds a pre-measurement comparison group of the water sample to be tested on the basis of the comparison of toxic blank water samples, thereby avoiding the interference factors caused by phytoplankton contained in the water sample to be tested, improving the inherent defects of measuring toxic content by phytoplankton, and realizing the accurate detection of the comprehensive toxicity of water bodies.

[0067] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention, and any reference numerals in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0068] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A detection method for a water body comprehensive toxicity detection device based on phytoplankton, characterized in that: The detection equipment includes a system toxicity detection module and a system flow module; The system flow path module comprises: An optical detection darkroom, used to hold blank water samples, water samples to be tested, or water samples to be tested with algae reagent added; flow pipe; The power pump is arranged on the flow path pipeline and is used to transport the water sample to be tested into the optical detection darkroom or to empty the water sample to be tested in the optical detection darkroom. A reagent component, storing algae reagent therein; Cleaning component, with blank water sample stored inside; A multi-channel switching valve, whose input end is respectively connected to the reagent assembly, the cleaning assembly, and the flow path pipeline, and whose output end is connected to the optical detection darkroom; used to control the connection relationship between the reagent assembly, the cleaning assembly, the flow path pipeline, and the optical detection darkroom; The system toxicity detection module includes: The system light source is used to emit light and transmit the light into the optical detection darkroom through an optical transmission medium to form incident light; The photoelectric detection assembly comprises a detection surface for detecting the water sample to be detected in the optical detection darkroom, wherein the detection surface is arranged orthogonally to the plane where the incident light is located; The detection method comprises the following steps: Step A: driving the power pump to extract the water sample to be tested into the flow pipe, and the water sample to be tested flows into the optical detection darkroom through the flow pipe and the multi-channel switching valve to wait for detection; Step B: Switch the system light source to the matrix excitation mode, the emitted matrix excitation light is incident into the optical detection darkroom through the optical transmission medium, and the algae community concentration distribution of the water sample to be tested is detected by the photoelectric detection component; Step C: injecting algae reagent into the water sample to be tested; switching the system light source to the single-point excitation mode, the emitted single-point excitation light is incident into the optical detection darkroom through the optical transmission medium, and the algae activity parameters of the water sample to be tested with the algae reagent added are detected by the photoelectric detection component; Step D: drain the water sample to be tested and inject a blank water sample; detect the algae community concentration distribution of the blank water sample itself and the algae activity parameters after adding the algae reagent in the same manner as steps B and C; Step E: The algae community concentration distribution of the water sample to be tested is used as the base, and according to the algae community concentration distribution of the water sample to be tested and the amount of the algae reagent injected in step C, the actual algae content in the water sample to be tested after adding the algae reagent is calculated to obtain the activity parameter of the algae reagent in the water sample to be tested; the algae reagent activity parameter in the blank water sample is obtained by the same method as above; Step F: Compare the algae reagent activity parameters of the water sample to be tested and the blank water sample, and calculate the photosynthesis parameters that can reflect the physiological state of the organisms in the water sample to be tested according to the pre-established fluorescence kinetic curve.

2. The detection method of the water body comprehensive toxicity detection device based on phytoplankton according to claim 1 is characterized by: The light emitted by the system light source is composed of matrix-type multi-wavelength monochromatic light; the wavelength of the matrix-type multi-wavelength monochromatic light can excite the algae for fluorescence.

3. The detection method of the water body comprehensive toxicity detection device based on phytoplankton according to claim 2 is characterized by: The wavelength range of the matrix type multi-wavelength monochromatic light is 300nm to 900nm.

4. The detection method of the water body comprehensive toxicity detection device based on phytoplankton according to claim 1 is characterized by: The system light source has a matrix excitation mode capable of emitting matrix excitation light and a single point excitation mode capable of emitting single point excitation light; the matrix excitation light is used to detect the concentration distribution of algae communities contained in the water sample to be tested, so as to avoid interference of the algae activity of the water sample to be tested on the toxicity detection; The single-point excitation light can use a fast phase excitation mode and a relaxation excitation mode to excite the water sample to be tested with the algae reagent added thereto, so as to obtain the algae activity parameter of the water sample to be tested with the algae reagent added thereto.

5. The detection method of the water body comprehensive toxicity detection device based on phytoplankton according to claim 1 is characterized by: The photosynthesis parameters include photosynthetic photochemical quantum yield, photochemical efficiency, and photosynthetic electron conduction rate.

6. The detection method of the water body comprehensive toxicity detection device based on phytoplankton according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step F in establishing the fluorescence kinetic curve includes the following steps: Step F1: Prepare N blank samples of the same volume of deionized water; Step F2: preparing N-1 atrazine standard solution according to a gradient within a set concentration range; Step F3: adding equal amounts of atrazine standard solutions of different concentrations to the blank sample to form a series of experimental samples, and reserving a blank sample; Step F4: adding equal amounts of algae reagent to each experimental sample and a blank sample, respectively, to form experimental samples to be tested and blank samples to be tested, which are collectively referred to as samples to be tested; Step F5: Detecting algae activity parameters of each sample to be tested using steps A to D; Step F6: According to the algae activity parameters of each sample to be tested, the fluorescence kinetic curve of each sample to be tested is drawn, and then the photosynthesis parameters reflecting the physiological state of the algae can be obtained.

7. The detection method of the water body comprehensive toxicity detection device based on phytoplankton according to claim 6 is characterized by: By comparing the fluorescence kinetic curves of each experimental sample and the blank sample, combined with the changes in photosynthesis parameters, the fluorescence kinetic curves of each experimental sample can be replaced by photosynthesis parameters to invert the strength relationship of each sample in inhibiting the photosynthetic activity of algae.

8. The detection method of the water body comprehensive toxicity detection device based on phytoplankton according to claim 7 is characterized in that: According to steps F2 and F3, the atrazine content of each sample to be tested is obtained, and the one-to-one correspondence between the change of atrazine content and the change of photosynthesis parameters is obtained, so as to invert the comprehensive toxicity content of the water sample to be tested relative to the toxic dose of atrazine.

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