A method for measuring the degree of disintegration of polymer materials using a composting device

Abstract

The present invention provides a composting device for determining the degree of disintegration of polymer materials, comprising a rotating motor, a horizontal rotating shaft connected to the rotating motor, and an upper end cover and a lower end cover installed on the horizontal rotating shaft; the upper end cover and the lower end cover are covered to form a hollow structure with the rotating shaft as the axis, and when the rotating motor rotates, the horizontal rotating shaft rotates, driving the hollow structure to rotate around the rotating shaft. The composting device has a simple structure, can automatically flip the compost and the sample, saves manual labor, improves efficiency, and can automatically control the flipping process to improve the accuracy of the test results; when preferably combined with a screening unit, it can also complete the screening of the compost and the sample, and the operation is simple and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of polymer material degradation testing, and in particular to a composting device for determining the degree of disintegration of polymer materials. Background Art

[0002] The biodegradability of polymer materials is an important performance indicator, which is related to environmental protection and other issues. For example, regarding plastics, various regions have issued "plastic restrictions" for environmental protection.

[0003] Disintegration degree is an important parameter to characterize the degradability of polymer materials and is widely used abroad. When determining the disintegration degree of polymer materials, it is often necessary to mix the polymer materials with composting materials, then turn them over regularly within a certain period of time, and regularly monitor and control the compost temperature, oxygen content, pH value, and moisture content. After the time is up, the mixture needs to be screened.

[0004] For example, regarding the determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials, my country has currently formulated the standard GB / T19811-2005 "Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under defined composting pilot conditions", which stipulates that composting should be carried out under standardized pilot-scale composting conditions, the composting bin volume should be at least 140L, the biomass waste should be more than 60kg, each test should have four to six groups of blank and parallel tests, the test cycle should be 12 weeks, the composting materials should be regularly turned over and mixed, and the compost temperature, oxygen content, pH value, and moisture content should be regularly monitored and controlled. At the end of the experiment, the compost and experimental materials need to be sieved twice (10mm sieve and 2mm sieve).

[0005] Determining the degree of disintegration of polymer materials belongs to the pilot scale, especially in the regular turning and mixing of composting materials and the screening of compost and experimental materials. If it is done entirely by manpower, it will not only require a lot of physical strength, but also be inefficient and cannot guarantee the accuracy of the test results. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above technical status, the present invention provides a composting device for determining the degree of disintegration of polymer materials, which has a simple structure and can automatically turn over, mix and sieve composted materials.

[0007] The technical solution provided by the present invention is: a composting device for determining the degree of disintegration of polymer materials, characterized in that: it includes a rotating motor, a horizontal rotating shaft connected to the rotating motor, an upper end cover and a lower end cover installed on the horizontal rotating shaft, and the upper end cover and the lower end cover are covered to form a hollow structure with the rotating shaft as the axis; when the rotating motor rotates, the horizontal rotating shaft rotates, driving the hollow structure to rotate around the rotating shaft.

[0008] The polymer material is not limited and includes plastics and the like.

[0009] Preferably, the device further comprises a control unit for controlling the rotation of the rotating motor.

[0010] There is no limit to the way the upper end cover and the lower end cover are closed, including closing through a connector, and closing through a snap, magnetic adsorption, etc.

[0011] The hollow structure is not limited and includes structures such as hollow cylinders and hollow spheres.

[0012] As an implementation method, the upper end cover and the lower end cover are mounted on the rotating shaft through bearings.

[0013] Taking into account the increased load on the rotating shaft when the hollow structure and the compost mass are large, it is preferred to set a support to support the hollow structure. As an implementation method, the support is provided with a structure that matches the outer surface of the hollow structure, and the hollow structure can rotate around the rotating shaft under the support of the support. For example, when the hollow structure is a hollow cylindrical structure, the support is provided with an arc structure that matches the outer surface of the hollow cylinder, and the hollow structure can rotate around the horizontal rotating shaft under the support of the support. As another implementation method, the longitudinal cross-section of the support is a U-shaped structure, and a first support body and a second support body with horizontal opening structures are provided on both sides of the open end of the U-shaped structure. The horizontal rotating shaft first passes through the opening structure of the first support body, then passes through the hollow structure, and finally passes through the opening structure of the second support body. It can rotate horizontally under the support of the support, driving the hollow structure to rotate around the horizontal rotating shaft.

[0014] In order to improve the rotational synchronization between the horizontal rotating shaft and the hollow structure, preferably, in the horizontal rotating shaft, among the positions in contact with the hollow structure, at least one position is provided with a plurality of longitudinally extending convex structures; in the hollow structure, a concave structure matching the convex structure is provided, so that the convex structure can be inserted into the concave structure in a structurally matching manner, thereby ensuring that the horizontal rotating shaft and the hollow structure rotate synchronously when the horizontal rotating shaft rotates.

[0015] In order to further improve the rotational stability of the hollow structure during rotation, it is preferred that an extension structure is arranged at one end of the hollow structure along the horizontal direction; the extension structure consists of an upper end cover extension portion and a lower end cover extension portion; the upper end cover extension portion is connected to the upper end cover, and its longitudinal cross-sectional area is smaller than the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the upper end cover; the lower end cover extension portion is connected to the lower end cover, and its longitudinal cross-sectional area is smaller than the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the upper end cover; the upper end cover extension portion and the lower end cover extension portion are overlapped to form an extension structure with a horizontal rotation axis as the axis.

[0016] Preferably, a temperature sensor is further included to measure the internal temperature of the hollow structure. Further preferably, the upper end cover and / or the lower end cover is provided with a first hole structure, and the temperature sensor extends into the interior of the hollow structure through the first hole structure.

[0017] Preferably, an oxygen content sensor is further included to measure the oxygen content of the hollow structure. Further preferably, the upper end cover and / or the lower end cover is provided with a second hole structure, and the oxygen content sensor extends into the interior of the hollow structure through the second hole structure.

[0018] Preferably, it further comprises a gas supply unit, wherein the upper end cover and / or the lower end cover is provided with a third hole structure, and the gas supply unit passes gas through the third hole structure and the interior of the hollow structure. Further preferably, it further comprises a flow meter for recording the gas flow rate passing into the interior of the hollow structure. More preferably, the gas supply unit comprises an electric heating element for heating the gas, and further preferably comprises a thermometer for controlling the gas temperature. As an implementation, the gas supply unit comprises a blower and a pipeline, wherein one end of the pipeline is connected to the blower outlet, and the other end extends into the compost material inside the hollow structure through the third hole structure. Preferably, a plurality of branches are provided at one end of the pipeline that penetrates into the hollow structure and extends into different positions of the compost material.

[0019] Preferably, the control unit controls the gas supply unit according to the detection result of the oxygen content sensor. When the oxygen content sensor detects that the oxygen content of the hollow structure is lower than the set value, the control unit controls the amount of gas introduced. Further, the control unit controls the electric heating element according to the detection result of the temperature sensor so that the temperature of the introduced gas reaches a certain value.

[0020] Preferably, the lower end cover comprises two structures: in the first structure, no holes are arranged on the bottom surface for turning over compost and polymer material samples (referred to as samples); and in the second structure, holes are arranged on the bottom surface for water leakage. In actual operation, when the compost and sample are flipped, first select the lower end cover of the first structure and install it on the rotating shaft, place the compost and sample in the lower end cover, then close the upper end cover, turn on the rotary motor, drive the horizontal rotating shaft to rotate, thereby drive the box to rotate around the horizontal rotating shaft, and achieve the purpose of flipping the compost and sample. The control unit controls the running time and rotation rate of the rotary motor, thereby controlling the flipping time and flipping rate. When the flipping time expires and the lower end cover rotates to the position directly above the rotating shaft, the control unit controls the rotary motor to stop running. At this time, the compost and sample are carried by the upper end cover, open the lower end cover of the first structure, replace it with the lower end cover of the second structure and install it on the horizontal rotating shaft, then close it, turn on the rotary motor, drive the horizontal rotating shaft to rotate, and when the lower end cover rotates to the position directly below the horizontal rotating shaft, the control unit controls the rotary motor to stop running. At this time, the compost and sample are carried by the lower end cover, and the moisture in the compost and sample leaks through the holes on the bottom surface of the lower end cover. As a further preference, the bottom surface of the lower end cover of the second structure is further provided with a water receiving tray for collecting water leaking through the holes on the bottom surface of the lower end cover and discharging it into the wastewater pipe.

[0021] After a composting cycle is completed, it is weighed and then screened. During the weighing process, the rotating motor can be turned on to drive the horizontal rotating shaft to rotate. When the lower end cover rotates to the position directly above the horizontal rotating shaft, the control unit controls the rotating motor to stop running, so that the compost and the sample are carried by the upper end cover, and then the upper end cover carrying the compost and the sample is removed from the horizontal rotating shaft for weighing, and the weight of the upper end cover is deducted to obtain the wet weight of the compost.

[0022] In order to achieve the screening process, preferably, the composting device further includes a screening unit, which includes a bracket, a roller is arranged at the bottom of the bracket, at least three containers are arranged on the bracket along the vertical direction, each container has an opening at the top, and there is a vertical spacing between each container. Except for the bottom container, holes are arranged at the bottom of the other containers, and along the vertical direction, the diameter of the hole at the bottom of the container increases with the height of the container setting position, that is, the higher the container setting position is, the larger the diameter of its bottom hole is, and conversely, the lower the container setting position is, the smaller the diameter of its bottom hole is. Such a structural setting has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) A roller is arranged at the bottom of the bracket, which is convenient for moving the position on the one hand, and on the other hand, the method of sieving the compost and the sample after weighing is as follows: the weighed compost and the sample are placed in the uppermost container of the sieving unit, and then the sieving unit is rolled to cause the compost and the sample in the container to fall through the bottom hole;

[0024] (2) multiple containers are stacked up and down, and the apertures at the bottom of the containers increase with the height of the container placement position, so that the compost and the sample can be screened step by step through the multiple apertures in sequence;

[0025] (3) The screening unit is a power-free device, and the sieved compost and samples can be directly rinsed.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The structure is simple and can automatically turn over the compost and samples, saving manual labor and improving efficiency. It can also automatically control the turning process and improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0028] (2) It is preferred to combine with a screening unit to complete composting and sample screening, which is simple to operate and low in cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the composting device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the middle and lower end covers.

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Another structural schematic diagram of the middle and lower end covers.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screening unit in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the composting device in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the contact position B between the horizontal rotating shaft and the hollow structure in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figures 1 to 6 The figures in the figure are as follows: rotating motor 1, horizontal rotating shaft 2, upper end cover 3, lower end cover 4, support 6, first hole structure 7, temperature sensor 8, second hole structure 9, oxygen content sensor 10, blower 11, pipeline 12, third hole structure 13, flow meter 14, bracket 16, roller 17, first container 18, second container 19, third container 20, first support body 21, second support body 22, upper end cover extension 23, lower end cover extension 24, first support 25, second support 26, convex structure 27. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. It should be pointed out that the embodiments described below are intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention and do not have any limiting effect on the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the composting device for determining the degree of disintegration of polymer materials includes a rotating motor 1, a horizontal rotating shaft 2 connected to the rotating motor, a support 6, an upper end cover 3 and a lower end cover 4 installed on the horizontal rotating shaft 2, and the upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 4 are covered together to form a hollow cylindrical structure with the rotating shaft as the axis.

[0039] The longitudinal cross-section of the support 6 is a U-shaped structure, and a first support body 21 and a second support body 22 with horizontal opening structures are arranged on both sides of the open end of the U-shaped structure. The horizontal rotation axis 2 first passes through the opening structure of the first support body 21, then passes through the hollow structure, and finally passes through the opening structure of the second support body 22. It can rotate horizontally under the support of the support, driving the hollow structure to rotate around the horizontal rotation axis.

[0040] In this embodiment, the upper end cover and the lower end cover are installed on the horizontal rotating shaft through bearings.

[0041] In this embodiment, the upper end cover is provided with a first hole structure 7 , and the temperature sensor 8 extends into the interior of the hollow cylindrical structure through the first hole structure 7 .

[0042] In this embodiment, the upper end cover is provided with a second hole structure 9 , and the oxygen content sensor 10 extends into the interior of the hollow cylindrical structure through the second hole structure 9 .

[0043] In this embodiment, the composting device further includes a blower 11 and a pipe 12, and a third hole structure 13 is provided on the lower end cover. One end of the pipe 12 is connected to the blower outlet, and the other end extends into the compost material inside the hollow cylindrical structure through the third hole structure 13. In addition, a flow meter 14 is provided at the other end to record the gas flow rate entering the hollow cylindrical structure. In order to improve the air permeability of the compost material, a plurality of branches are provided at one end of the pipe 12 that penetrates into the hollow structure and extends into different positions of the compost material.

[0044] In this embodiment, the blower 11 includes an electric heating element for heating the gas, and a thermometer is also provided for controlling the temperature of the gas.

[0045] In this embodiment, the composting device further includes a control unit, which can control as follows:

[0046] (1) Control the rotation of a rotating motor;

[0047] (2) The blower 11 can be controlled according to the detection result of the oxygen content sensor 10. When the oxygen content sensor 10 detects that the oxygen content of the hollow cylindrical structure is lower than the set value, the control unit controls the blower 11 to pass gas into the interior of the hollow cylindrical structure and controls the amount of gas passed;

[0048] (3) When the temperature sensor 8 detects that the temperature of the hollow cylindrical structure is lower than the set value, the control unit controls the electric heating element of the blower 11 to operate so that the temperature of the gas entering the hollow cylindrical structure increases to a certain value.

[0049] In this embodiment, some hole structures are arranged on the side of the upper end cover for ventilation.

[0050] When determining the degree of disintegration of polymer materials, the composting device is used to turn over the compost and the sample formed by mixing the polymer materials with the composting materials, as follows:

[0051] Put the polymer material and compost material in the lower end cover, close the upper end cover, and the control unit controls the rotary motor to start, the rotary motor rotates, drives the horizontal rotary shaft to rotate, and then drives the box to rotate around the rotary shaft to achieve the purpose of composting and sample turning.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] In this embodiment, the structure of the composting device is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that Figure 2 As shown, the lower end cover includes two structures: in the first structure, no holes are set on the bottom surface for sample flipping; in the second structure, holes are set on the bottom surface for water leakage, and a water receiving tray is also set on the bottom surface of the lower end cover for collecting water leaking through the holes on the bottom surface of the lower end cover.

[0054] When measuring the degree of disintegration of polymer materials, regular flipping is required. The lower end cover of the first structure is selected and installed on the rotating shaft. The compost and the sample are placed in the lower end cover, and then the upper end cover is closed. The rotating motor is turned on to drive the horizontal rotating shaft to rotate, thereby driving the box to rotate around the horizontal rotating shaft to achieve the purpose of flipping the compost and the sample. The control unit controls the running time and rotation rate of the rotating motor, thereby controlling the flipping time and flipping rate.

[0055] When the flipping time expires and the lower end cover rotates to a position directly above the horizontal rotating shaft, the control unit controls the rotating motor to stop running. At this time, the compost and the sample are carried by the upper end cover. The lower end cover is opened and replaced with a lower end cover of the second structure installed on the horizontal rotating shaft. The lower end cover is then closed and the rotating motor is turned on to drive the horizontal rotating shaft to rotate. When the lower end cover rotates to a position directly below the horizontal rotating shaft, the control unit controls the rotating motor to stop running. At this time, the compost and the sample are carried by the lower end cover, and the moisture in the compost and the sample leaks into the water receiving tray through the holes on the bottom surface of the lower end cover.

[0056] Embodiment 3:

[0057] In this embodiment, the structure of the composting device is basically the same as that of Embodiment 2, except that Figure 4 As shown, the composting device also includes a screening unit, which includes a bracket 16, a roller 17 is arranged at the bottom of the bracket 16, and three containers are arranged on the bracket 16 in sequence from top to bottom along the vertical direction, namely a first container 18, a second container 19 and a third container 20. The second container 19 is located directly below the first container 18, and the third container 20 is located directly below the second container 19. Each container is opened at the top, and there is a vertical spacing between each container. A hole is arranged at the bottom of the first container 18 and the second container 19, and the diameter of the bottom hole of the first container 18 is 10 mm, and the diameter of the bottom hole of the second container 19 is 2 mm.

[0058] After the experiment of the compost and the sample in Example 2 is completed, they are weighed and then sieved. During the weighing process, the rotating motor can be turned on to drive the horizontal rotating shaft to rotate. When the lower end cover rotates to the position directly below the horizontal rotating shaft, the control unit controls the rotating motor to stop running, so that the compost and the sample are carried by the upper end cover, and then the upper end cover carrying the compost and the sample is removed from the horizontal rotating shaft for weighing, and the weight of the upper end cover is deducted to obtain the wet weight of the compost.

[0059] The weighed compost and sample are placed in the first container in the screening unit, and then the screening unit is rolled to cause the compost and sample in the first container to fall through the bottom holes to the second container, and then through the holes at the bottom of the second container to the third container. The sieved compost and sample can be directly rinsed.

[0060] Embodiment 4:

[0061] In this embodiment, the structure of the composting device is basically the same as that of the embodiment 3, except that the composting device is used to determine the degree of disintegration of plastics. The determination standard adopts GB / T19811-2005 "Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under defined composting pilot conditions".

[0062] Embodiment 5:

[0063] In this embodiment, the structure and use method of the composting device are basically the same as those in Example 2. The structure of the composting device used to determine the degree of disintegration of the polymer material is as follows: Figure 5 As shown:

[0064] The invention comprises a rotating motor 1, a horizontal rotating shaft 2 connected to the rotating motor, a first support 25, a second support 26, an upper end cover 3 and a lower end cover 4 installed on the rotating shaft 2, and the upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 4 are covered to form a hollow cylindrical structure with the horizontal rotating shaft as the axis. An extension structure is arranged at one end of the hollow cylindrical structure in the horizontal direction, and the extension structure is composed of an upper end cover extension part 23 and a lower end cover extension part 24; the upper end cover extension part 23 is connected to the upper end cover 3, and its longitudinal cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the upper end cover; the lower end cover extension part 24 is connected to the lower end cover 4, and its longitudinal cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the upper end cover; the upper end cover extension part 23 and the lower end cover extension part 24 are covered to form an extension structure with the horizontal rotating shaft as the axis.

[0065] The first support 25 is provided with an arc structure matching the outer surface of the hollow cylindrical structure, and the second support 26 is provided with an arc structure matching the outer surface of the hollow cylindrical structure. The hollow cylindrical structure can rotate around a horizontal rotation axis under the support of the first support 25 and the second support 26 .

[0066] In this embodiment, the upper end cover is provided with a first hole structure 7 , which is the same as in Embodiment 2, and the temperature sensor extends into the interior of the hollow cylindrical structure through the first hole structure 7 .

[0067] In this embodiment, the upper end cover is provided with a second hole structure 9 , and similar to Embodiment 2, the oxygen content sensor extends into the interior of the hollow cylindrical structure through the second hole structure 9 .

[0068] In this embodiment, the composting device further includes a blower 11 and a pipe 12. The lower end cover is provided with a third hole structure. One end of the pipe 12 is connected to the blower outlet, and the other end extends into the interior of the hollow cylindrical structure through the third hole structure. In addition, a flow meter may be provided to record the gas flow rate entering the hollow cylindrical structure.

[0069] Embodiment 6:

[0070] In this embodiment, the structure and use method of the composting device are basically the same as those in Embodiment 5, except that in order to improve the rotation synchronization between the horizontal rotating shaft 2 and the hollow cylindrical structure, the horizontal rotating shaft 2, in contact with the hollow cylindrical structure, at position A and position B, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of longitudinally extending convex structures 27 are provided at position B. In the hollow cylindrical structure, a concave structure matching the convex structure is provided, so that the convex structure can be inserted into the concave structure in a structurally consistent manner, and when the horizontal rotation axis rotates, the horizontal rotation axis can be ensured to rotate synchronously with the hollow cylindrical structure.

[0071] The embodiments described above provide a detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, supplements or similar substitutions made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the degree of disintegration of polymer materials using a composting device, characterized in that: The composting device includes a rotating motor, a horizontal rotating shaft connected to the rotating motor, and an upper end cover and a lower end cover mounted on the rotating shaft; The upper end cover and the lower end cover are closed to form a hollow structure with the horizontal rotation axis as the axis; when the rotary motor rotates, the horizontal rotation axis rotates, driving the hollow structure to rotate around the horizontal rotation axis; The lower end cover includes two structures: In the first structure, no hole is provided on the bottom surface for sample flipping; In the second structure, holes are provided on the bottom surface for water to seep out; When the compost and sample are turned over, the lower end cover of the first structure is installed on the rotating shaft, the compost and the sample are placed in the lower end cover, and then the upper end cover is closed, the rotating motor is turned on, and the horizontal rotating shaft is driven to rotate, thereby driving the hollow structure to rotate around the horizontal rotating shaft to realize the turning of the compost and the sample; After full flipping, when the lower end cover rotates to the position directly above the rotating shaft, the rotating motor is controlled to stop running. At this time, the compost and the sample are carried by the upper end cover. The lower end cover of the first structure is opened and replaced with the lower end cover of the second structure and installed on the horizontal rotating shaft. Then the cover is closed and the rotating motor is turned on to drive the horizontal rotating shaft to rotate. When the lower end cover rotates to the position directly below the horizontal rotating shaft, the rotating motor is controlled to stop running. At this time, the compost and the sample are carried by the lower end cover, and the moisture in the compost and the sample leaks through the holes on the bottom surface of the lower end cover.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer material is plastic.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composting device further comprises a control unit for controlling the rotation of the rotary motor.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end cover and the lower end cover are covered by a connecting piece.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end cover and the lower end cover are mounted on the rotating shaft through bearings.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow structure is a hollow cylinder or a hollow sphere.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composting device further comprises a temperature sensor for measuring the internal temperature of the hollow structure.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end cover and / or the lower end cover is provided with a first hole structure, and the temperature sensor extends into the interior of the hollow structure through the first hole structure.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composting device further comprises an oxygen content sensor for measuring the oxygen content of the hollow structure.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The upper end cover and / or the lower end cover is provided with a second hole structure, and the oxygen content sensor extends into the compost material inside the hollow structure through the second hole structure.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composting device further comprises a gas supply unit. The upper end cover and / or the lower end cover is provided with a third hole structure. The gas supply unit introduces gas into the interior of the hollow structure through the third hole structure.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The composting device also includes a flow meter for recording the gas flow rate entering the hollow structure.

13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The gas supply unit comprises an electric heating element for heating the gas.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that: The gas supply unit includes a thermometer for controlling the gas temperature.

15. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The gas supply unit includes a blower and a pipeline, one end of the pipeline is connected to the blower outlet, and the other end of the pipeline extends into the interior of the hollow structure through the third hole structure.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that: One end of the pipeline extending into the hollow structure is provided with a plurality of branches.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein: One end of the pipe extending into the hollow structure extends into the compost material.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein: The plurality of branches extend into the compost material.

19. The method of claim 3, wherein: The composting device also includes an oxygen content sensor and a gas supply unit; The control unit controls the gas supply unit according to the detection result of the oxygen content sensor; when the oxygen content sensor detects that the oxygen content of the hollow structure is lower than the set value, the control unit controls the gas supply unit to introduce gas into the hollow structure and controls the amount of gas introduced.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein: The composting device also includes a temperature sensor for measuring the internal temperature of the hollow structure; the gas supply unit includes an electric heating element for heating the gas; and the control unit controls the electric heating element according to the detection result of the temperature sensor so that the temperature of the introduced gas reaches a certain value.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein: A support is provided to support the hollow structure.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein: The support is provided with a structure matching the outer surface of the hollow structure, and the hollow structure can rotate around the rotation axis under the support of the support.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein: The longitudinal cross-section of the support is a U-shaped structure, and a first support body and a second support body with horizontal opening structures are arranged on both sides of the open end of the U-shaped structure. The horizontal rotation axis first passes through the opening structure of the first support body, then passes through the hollow structure, and finally passes through the opening structure of the second support body. Under the support of the support, it can rotate horizontally, driving the hollow structure to rotate around the horizontal rotation axis.

24. The method of claim 1, wherein: In the horizontal rotating shaft, among the positions in contact with the hollow structure, at least one position is provided with a plurality of convex structures extending radially along the horizontal rotating shaft; the hollow structure is provided with a concave structure matching the convex structure, so that the convex structure can be placed in the concave structure in a structurally matching manner.

25. The method of claim 1, wherein: An extension structure is arranged at one end of the hollow structure in the horizontal direction; the extension structure is composed of an upper end cover extension part and a lower end cover extension part; The upper end cover extension is connected to the upper end cover, and its longitudinal cross-sectional area is smaller than the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the upper end cover; The lower end cover extension is connected to the lower end cover, and its longitudinal cross-sectional area is smaller than the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the lower end cover; The upper end cover extension part and the lower end cover extension part are covered to form an extension structure with the horizontal rotation axis as the axis.

26. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the lower end cover of the second structure is also provided with a water receiving tray for collecting water leaking through the holes on the bottom surface of the lower end cover and discharging it into the wastewater pipe.

27. The method of claim 1, wherein: The composting device also includes a screening unit; The screening unit comprises a bracket, a roller is arranged at the bottom of the bracket, and at least three containers are arranged on the bracket along the vertical direction; Each container is opened at the top, and there is a vertical spacing between each container. Except for the bottommost container, holes are arranged at the bottom of the other containers, and along the vertical direction, the diameter of the hole at the bottom of the container increases with the height of the container setting position.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein: The method for weighing the compost after a composting cycle is as follows: start the rotating motor to drive the horizontal rotating shaft to rotate, and when the lower end cover rotates to a position directly above the horizontal rotating shaft, the control unit controls the rotating motor to stop running, so that the compost and the sample are carried by the upper end cover, and then remove the upper end cover carrying the compost and the sample from the rotating shaft for weighing, and then deduct the weight of the upper end cover to obtain the wet weight of the compost.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein: The method of screening the compost and the sample after weighing is as follows: the weighed compost and the sample are placed in the uppermost container of the screening unit, and then the screening unit is rolled.

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