A directional sound control device for preventing and controlling tea green leafhoppers

Abstract

The present invention discloses a directional sound control device for preventing and controlling tea green leafhoppers, including a fixed flange, a metal protective mesh, a T-type strain gauge, a sound wave reflection cover, a strong directional sound wave emission array, a closed-cell foam aluminum sound absorbing board, a self-decompression blade sound barrier, an antenna, a control circuit and a bracket. Through the scientific design of the strong directional sound wave emission array, the sound wave reflection cover, the closed-cell foam aluminum sound absorbing board and the self-decompression blade sound barrier structure, good sound wave forward emission and backward transmission suppression performance are achieved, and the sound absorption peak frequency migration is achieved by adjusting the aperture of the sound absorbing board. The present invention solves the habitat problems such as the impact of current equipment on tea garden construction, tea garden management personnel and the lives of nearby residents, and forms an environmentally friendly tea garden green leafhopper sound control solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural pest control, and in particular relates to a directional sound control device for controlling tea green leafhoppers. Background Art

[0002] The tea green leafhopper is one of the main pests in my country's tea gardens. The insect usually hides on the back of the leaves and is more common in tender shoots and weeds. It is most likely to occur in tea gardens with unreasonable intercropping, and it is most likely to cause disasters under climatic conditions with intermittent sunshine and rain. The tea green leafhopper generally has 8 to 10 generations per year, and the damage time is long (the main damage period is from May to September each year). The adults and nymphs suck the juice of the tender shoots of tea trees, consuming nutrients and water. At the same time, the female insect lays eggs in the tender shoot tissue, which hinders the growth of buds and has a great impact on summer and autumn tea production. In recent years, the insect has occurred continuously and severely, and the affected tea trees have shown atrophy and hardening of buds and leaves, and scorched leaf edges or leaf tips, which seriously affects the yield and quality of tea.

[0003] Tea green leafhoppers mainly communicate with each other through vocalization, that is, the vocalization signals are transmitted to the perching plants through the feet or mouth needles, and then transmitted to the same species perching on the same plant or different plants in contact with each other through the leaves of the plants. Studies have found that male green leafhoppers begin to sing at the age of 3 days after emergence, and the singing is more frequent at the age of 5 to 7 days after emergence. The characteristics of the courtship sounds of male and female insects before mating show that the green leafhoppers of both sexes must be accompanied by intensive and high-frequency singing before mating, and the singing is the prelude to mating.

[0004] The invention patent application with application number 201710819187.1, "A physical killing device and method for false-eyed green leafhoppers in tea gardens", proposes a physical killing device for false-eyed green leafhoppers in tea gardens. By emitting irregular noise during the courtship and mating active period of tea green leafhoppers, the communication between male and female false-eyed green leafhoppers is interfered with and blocked, and the positioning between male and female insects is interfered with, thereby controlling the reproduction of pests and achieving physical prevention and control of green leafhoppers in tea gardens. Field tests in recent years have proven that its effect is significant. However, at the same time, environmental noise pollution problems have emerged, which have had a certain impact on the lives of nearby residents and tea garden construction, tea garden management and tea pickers. Aiming at the noise pollution problem of the sound control device for the green leafhopper in the tea garden, the present invention proposes a new design concept, based on a strong directional sound wave emission array, combined with a sound wave reflection cover and a load-reducing sound barrier design, so that the sound wave can be directed and controlled to form an environmentally friendly sound control method for the green leafhopper in the tea garden. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a directional sound control device for preventing and controlling tea green leafhoppers. Through the design of a strong directional sound wave emission array, a sound wave reflection cover, a sound absorption and a load-reducing sound barrier, the sound wave device can emit directionally and controllably around the clock, effectively interfering with the mating of the green leafhoppers and blocking their reproduction, while eliminating noise interference to tea garden construction workers and surrounding residents.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a directional sound control device for preventing and controlling tea green leafhoppers, including a fixed flange for fixing the sound control device on a bracket; a metal cold-rolled steel mesh treated with environmentally friendly paint on the surface of the metal protective mesh cover to prevent tiny insects from entering the launch cover; a T-type strain gauge is pasted on the lower end of the fixed flange to measure the windward surface and tangential strain value of the lower edge of the fixed flange when the wind acts on the sound wave reflection cover. When the measured strain value is greater than 8μm / m, the control motor drives the sealing rotating disk, and the sealing rotating disk drives the self-decompression blade sound barrier blade to open, increase the air flow, reduce wind resistance, and enhance the stability of the directional sound control device. The sound wave emission cover is parabolic, consisting of an inner protective panel, an outer protective panel, an inner and outer double-layer aluminum micro-perforated plate, and a rock wool sound-absorbing interlayer. The sound wave reflection cover mainly converges the sound waves to propagate forward by reflection, and effectively suppresses the backward transmission of the sound waves. The strong directional sound wave emission array is a strong directional four-element planar array. The four-unit compression driver is arranged in a square, and a strong directional sound source is formed through spatial gain. The strong directional sound wave emission array is connected to the control circuit. The closed-cell foam aluminum sound-absorbing board is a porous material with countless closed pores distributed in the metal aluminum matrix, which has good sound absorption and noise reduction performance. The sound absorption performance can also be enhanced by regularly punching the closed-cell foam aluminum. The aperture and the density of the foam aluminum board are adjusted to shift the noise reduction frequency range to high or low frequencies. The self-decompression blade sound barrier is a blade whose wind penetration can be controlled by a micromotor. When the strain value measured by the T-type strain gauge is less than 8μm / m, the blade is fully closed, so that the sound insulation effect behind the strong directional sound wave emission array reaches more than 60dB; when the strain value measured by the T-type strain gauge is greater than 8μm / m, the control motor drives the sealed rotating disk, and the sealed rotating disk drives the blade to open. By controlling the offset angle of the blade, the airflow is adjusted to reduce the wind resistance of the directional sound control device and enhance the wind resistance and stability of the equipment. The antenna is the transmitting antenna of the Internet of Things control module, which is responsible for the communication between the sound control terminal and the router. The control circuit is mainly composed of a power amplifier module and an intelligent control circuit. The power amplifier module first amplifies the audio signal input by the audio signal source through an operational amplifier, and then outputs it to the subsequent circuit for A / D conversion and PCM encoding; the digital encoder control technology is adopted to transmit the encoder signal to different modules through the cascade line to implement unified volume control. The pre-stage audio amplifier control circuit also provides a single-chip microcomputer online code update interface and an amplifier parameter setting interface. When the error status indicator lights up, it shows that the amplifier has short circuit, overload, and over-temperature protection.

[0007] The audio processor performs digital parallel calculation and parameter setting through the audio DSP324, implements delay adjustment on the input audio signal, realizes PWM modulation of the audio signal, and adjusts the audio data stream and outputs it to the back-end circuit. The back-end circuit uses the modulated I2S audio data stream to drive the MOSFET power tube for amplification, and then restores the amplified original audio signal through a low-pass filter, and generates a high-power pest control audio signal through the compression driver of the strong directional sound wave emission array. The control circuit consists of three parts: a mobile client, a server, and a wireless module client based on WiFi. First, write a mobile phone APP program, connect to the Internet network through the TCP / IP protocol; design an interactive operation interface, and send data to the server through the APP program. The server receives the data sent by the mobile client, stores the data, and then sends the data sent by the mobile client to the wireless module client based on WiFi.

[0008] The wireless module client based on WiFi connects to the server through the TCP / IP protocol. After identifying the data sent by the mobile client, it controls the on / off of the compression driver of the strong directional sound wave emission array, the type of sound source playback and the volume adjustment by controlling the relay. The whole sound control system is fixed on the support frame. The power supply of the sound control device can be a 12V solar power supply or an agricultural mains power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a directional sound control device for controlling tea green leafhoppers in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a sound wave reflection cover in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the installation of a highly directional acoustic wave emission array in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a closed-cell aluminum foam sound-absorbing board in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 5 A structural diagram of a self-decompression blade sound barrier in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 6 It is a principle block diagram of a power amplification module of a highly directional acoustic wave transmitting array in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 7 4 is a circuit diagram of a device system control in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure, 1. fixed flange, 2. metal protective mesh cover, 3. T-type strain gauge, 4. sound wave reflection cover, 5. strong directional sound wave emission array, 6. closed-cell foam aluminum sound absorbing board, 7. self-pressure relief blade sound barrier, 8. antenna, 9. control circuit, 10. bracket. 41. inner protective panel, 42. inner and outer double-layer aluminum micro-perforated plates, 43. rock wool sound absorbing interlayer, 44. outer protective plate; 51. array shell, 52. four-unit reflective radiator, 53. inner connecting plate, 54. compression driver, 55. compression driver cover, 56. wire pressing block, 57. array mesh plate, 58. mesh plate pressure ring; 7a. variable frequency micromotor, 7b. sealed rotating disk, 7c. blade; 9a. power amplifier module, 9b. intelligent control circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] A directional sound control device for preventing and controlling tea green leafhoppers according to the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the fixed flange 1 is used to fix the sound control device on the bracket 10; the metal protective mesh cover 2 is a metal cold-rolled steel mesh with an environmentally friendly paint on the surface, which prevents tiny insects from entering the launch cover and has a dust-proof function; the T-type strain gauge 3 is two measuring grids arranged at 90 degrees to each other, which are pasted on the lower end of the fixed flange 1 to measure the strain value of the lower edge of the fixed flange 1 on the windward side of the device. Further, in the present invention, when the measurement value of the T-type strain gauge 3 is greater than 8μm / m, the control circuit 9 instructs the variable frequency micromotor 7a to drive the sealing rotating disk 7b, and the sealing rotating disk 7b drives the self-decompression blade sound barrier 7 to open, increase the airflow, reduce wind resistance, and enhance the stability of the sound control device. In addition to restricting the backward propagation of the sound waves of the strong directional sound wave emission array 5, the sound wave reflection cover 4 mainly converges the sound waves to propagate forward by reflection. The closed-cell aluminum foam sound-absorbing board 6 is a closed-cell aluminum foam board with excellent sound absorption and noise reduction performance. The sound absorption peak value migrates to low frequency as the aperture increases, and the noise reduction coefficient increases with the perforation rate. The antenna 8 is the transmitting antenna of the Internet of Things module, which is responsible for the communication between the voice control terminal and the router. The control circuit 9 is composed of a power amplifier module 9a and a WiFi-based intelligent control circuit 9b.

[0019] like Figure 2 As shown, the acoustic wave reflection cover 4 is composed of an inner protective panel 41, inner and outer double-layer aluminum micro-perforated panels 42, a rock wool sound-absorbing interlayer 43 and an outer protective panel 44. Further, the outer protective panel 44 has a density of 2.7 g / mm 3The inner and outer double-layer aluminum micro-perforated plates 42 are evenly distributed with micro-holes with a hole diameter of 0.6 mm. The inner protective panel 41 adopts a 0.5 mm thick microporous aluminum oxide plate with a micro-hole diameter of 0.5 mm. The micro-hole area accounts for 1% to 4% of the total area of ​​the cover plate. The rock wool sound-absorbing interlayer 43 is 25 mm thick and has a volume density of 0.02 g / mm 3 .

[0020] like Figure 3 As shown, the highly directional sound wave emission array 5 is composed of an array shell 51, a four-jointed reflective radiator 52, an inner connecting plate 53, a compression driver 54, a compression driver cover 55, a wire pressing block 56, an array mesh 57 and a mesh pressing ring 58. Furthermore, the array shell 51 is made of carbon fiber material, and the back is fixed on the closed-cell foam aluminum sound absorbing board 6. The four-jointed reflective radiator 52 is a radiation-proof thin plate formed by vacuum molding and embedded in the array shell 51. The compression driver 54 is connected to the four-jointed reflective radiator 52 through the inner connecting plate 53. The back of the compression driver 54 is connected to the compression driver cover 55. The transition surface of the compression driver cover 55 prevents the sound waves reflected by the four-jointed reflective radiator 52 from diffracting and causing a disordered sound field, thereby improving the sound wave radiation efficiency. The wire pressing block 56 fixes the signal line of the compression driver cover 55, and the inner side of the array mesh 57 is affixed with a speaker mesh cloth to prevent insects and dust. Because the four-connected reflective radiators 52 are arranged in a square, the baffle effect and spatial gain of the back plate make the emitted sound waves of the strong directional sound wave emission array 5 have strong directivity. Test results show that the beam angle ±3dB is no more than 20 degrees.

[0021] like Figure 4 As shown, the closed-cell aluminum foam sound-absorbing board 6 is a porous material with numerous closed pores distributed in a metal aluminum matrix, and has excellent sound absorption and noise reduction performance. In this embodiment, the material density is 0.2 g / cm 3 ~0.3g / cm 3 , thickness 10mm~15mm. Because the closed-cell structure of the material has certain limitations on its sound absorption performance, further, in this embodiment, the sound absorption performance is enhanced by regularly punching holes on the closed-cell foam aluminum. There are many punching methods, such as square, rectangular and triangular. Among them, transparent round holes with a diameter of 1.5mm~2.5mm are punched in a square arrangement. When the punching rate is 2%, the sound absorption peak value for 800Hz frequency sound waves is 0.95, the noise reduction coefficient is 0.4, and the half-peak width is 700Hz. When the material thickness is 10mm and the aperture is 2.5mm, the sound absorption peak value for 700Hz frequency sound waves is 0.94, the noise reduction coefficient is 0.43, and the half-peak width is 650Hz. According to the changes in the frequency characteristics of different insect emissions, the test results of this embodiment show that the sound absorption effect of the aperture 2.5mm is the best.

[0022] like Figure 5As shown, the self-decompression blade sound barrier 7 is composed of a variable frequency micromotor 7a, a sealed rotating disk 7b and a blade 7c. According to the test value of the T-type strain gauge 3, the control circuit 9 gives instructions to the variable frequency micromotor 7a to adjust the wind penetration by changing the offset angle of the blade 7c. In this embodiment, when the measured value of the T-type strain gauge 3 is less than 8μm / m, the blade 7c is fully closed, and the sound insulation effect is best at this time. Further, the experimental test shows that the sound pressure level at the rear of the directional sound control device of the present invention is attenuated by 60dB compared with the front. When the measured value of the T-type strain gauge 3 is greater than 8μm / m, the variable frequency micromotor 7a drives the sealed rotating disk 7b, and the sealed rotating disk 7b drives the blade 7c to deflect. The deflection angle is in a certain functional relationship with the strain measurement value. The airflow passing through the device is adjusted by changing the offset angle of the blade 7c, reducing the wind resistance of the directional sound control transmitting device, and enhancing the wind resistance and stability of the equipment.

[0023] like Figure 6 As shown, the control circuit 9 is mainly composed of a power amplifier module 9a and an intelligent control circuit 9b. The power amplifier module 9a first processes the audio signal input from the audio signal source through a pre-stage operational amplifier, and then outputs it to the subsequent circuit for A / D conversion and PCM encoding.

[0024] The pre-stage operational amplifier can be an independent system alone, or it can be cascaded between modules to realize the master-slave control mode. It provides an audio source input cascade interface. When the audio signal source is input, a differential signal that can be cascaded to other modules is obtained. The current processing module and the cascade interface of the slave module are connected with shielded wires. In this embodiment, there are 4 outputs, which can be expanded to 64 outputs. In order to ensure the consistency of volume control of each module, digital encoder control technology is adopted to avoid various interferences and instabilities caused by using analog volume control. The encoder signal is transmitted to different modules through the cascade line to implement unified volume control. The pre-stage audio amplifier control circuit also provides a single-chip microcomputer online code update interface and a power amplifier parameter setting interface. When the error status indicator is on, it shows that the power amplifier has short circuit, overload, and over-temperature protection.

[0025] The audio processor performs digital parallel calculation and parameter setting through the audio DSP324, and at the same time combines the design of the strong directional sound wave emission array 5 to implement delay adjustment on the input tea green leafhopper prevention and control audio signal, realize PWM modulation of the audio signal, and adjust the audio data stream before outputting it to the back-end circuit. The back-end circuit uses the modulated I2S audio data stream to drive the MOSFET power tube for amplification, and then restores the amplified original audio signal through a low-pass filter, and generates a high-power tea green leafhopper prevention and control audio signal through the compression driver 54 of the strong directional sound wave emission array 5. In this embodiment, the analog signal is pulse-coded modulated by digital PWM modulation, and the obtained audio data stream is passed through a special D2-81400 audio digital signal processing chip. The D2-81400 audio digital signal processing chip is a low-loss, high-speed field-effect transistor gate-driven monolithic integrated driver, and the switching frequency can theoretically reach 1MHz. The input signal is converted into 4 independent PWM control signals, and each two are driven by PWM to control the H-bridge composed of power MOSFET. The rise / fall time during switching is only about 10ns, which ensures its high-speed, high-efficiency conversion and high-fidelity characteristics. The D2-81400 audio digital signal processing chip has an online programming function. For the processing of sound quality, such as volume, frequency response, tone, reverberation and other parameters, it can be connected to the computer through the JTAG interface of the chip to realize online adjustment. After the adjustment is completed, it can be downloaded and solidified in its own E2PROM through the computer, which can be more flexible to carry out various functional designs and various audio features.

[0026] like Figure 7 As shown, the intelligent control circuit 9b consists of three parts: a mobile phone client, a server and a wireless module client based on WiFi. First, write a mobile phone APP program, connect to the Internet network through the TCP / IP protocol; design an interactive operation interface, and send data to the server through the APP program. The server receives the data sent by the mobile phone client, stores the data, and then sends the data sent by the mobile phone client to the wireless module client based on WiFi. In this embodiment, the wireless module uses HF-LPB100WiFi, and uses ARM with Cortex-M3 core as the main control chip to control the WiFi module. The server is connected through the TCP / IP protocol, and then the data sent by the mobile phone client is received. After identification, the control relay is used to control the on-off, sound source playback type and volume adjustment of the compression driver 54 of the strong directional sound wave emission array 5. The whole voice control system is fixed on the support frame 10. The power supply of the voice control device can be a 12V solar power supply or an agricultural mains power supply.

[0027] Although the present invention has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional sound control device for controlling tea green leafhoppers, characterized in that: The device comprises a fixed flange (1), a metal protective mesh cover (2), a T-type strain gauge (3), a sound wave reflection cover (4), a highly directional sound wave emission array (5), a closed-cell aluminum foam sound absorbing plate (6), a self-decompression blade sound barrier (7), an antenna (8) and a control circuit (9); wherein the metal protective mesh cover (2) and the sound wave reflection cover (4) are connected via the fixed flange (1); the metal protective mesh cover (2) prevents tiny insects from invading the device; the T-type strain gauge (3) is pasted on the lower part of the fixed flange (1) and is used to measure the windward surface and tangential strain value of the device; the highly directional sound wave emission array (5) is fixed on the middle part of the rear end of the sound wave reflection cover (4), and the normal line of the highly directional sound wave emission array (5) is aligned with the sound wave reflection cover (4). The central axes of the sound wave reflection cover (4) overlap, and the sound wave is constrained to be emitted forward through the sound wave reflection cover (4); a closed-cell foam aluminum sound absorbing plate (6) and a self-pressure relief blade sound barrier (7) are sequentially installed at the rear end of the sound wave reflection cover (4); the closed-cell foam aluminum sound absorbing plate (6) absorbs the sound waves transmitted backward; the control circuit (9) commands the self-pressure relief blade sound barrier (7) to adjust the offset angle of the blade (7c) to adjust the airflow flow rate and reduce the wind resistance of the directional sound control transmitting device according to the windward surface and tangential strain values ​​measured by the T-type strain gauge (3); when the measurement value of the T-type strain gauge (3) is less than 8μm / m, the self-pressure relief blade sound barrier (7) is fully closed, and the sound pressure level at the rear of the directional sound control device is attenuated by no less than 60dB compared with the sound pressure level at the front.

2. A directional sound control device for controlling tea green leafhopper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The T-type strain gauge (3) is two measuring grids arranged at 90 degrees to each other, and measures the windward surface and tangential strain values ​​of the device in real time.

3. A directional sound control device for controlling tea green leafhopper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound wave reflection cover (4) is parabolic and is composed of an inner protective panel (41), inner and outer double-layer aluminum micro-perforated panels (42), a rock wool sound-absorbing interlayer (43) and an outer protective panel (44).

4. A directional sound control device for controlling tea green leafhopper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The highly directional sound wave emission array (5) is a four-element sound wave emission array characterized by four-connected reflective radiators (52), and the back of the compression driver (54) is connected to a compression driver cover (55), and the sound wave diffraction is avoided by the smooth transition curved surface of the compression driver cover (55).

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