Antibacterial Activity of Fatty Acid Esters and Their Compositions

Abstract

The present invention mainly relates to the use of a fatty acid ester or a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters or consisting of two or more fatty acid esters in cosmetics for inhibiting the growth of microorganisms on the skin or mucous membranes of mammals and / or protecting the cosmetics from the influence of microbial growth, wherein at least one of the fatty acid esters, or two or more fatty acid esters in the mixture, is selected from the group consisting of 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate, 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate, and glycerol monoundecenoate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to a cosmetic comprising or consisting of a fatty acid ester, or a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters or consisting of two or more fatty acid esters. In addition, the present invention relates to various uses of the fatty acid ester, the mixture or the cosmetic.

[0002] Other aspects and embodiments of the present invention will result from the following description, in particular from the examples, and from the appended patent claims. Background Art

[0003] The skin is the largest organ of the human body. It is colonized by a variety of microorganisms, most of which are harmless or even beneficial to their host. Colonization is driven by the skin surface ecology, which is highly variable depending on the local anatomical location, endogenous host factors and exogenous environmental factors. For example, the axilla is a rather moist and nutrient-rich habitat that provides favorable conditions for the growth of many microorganisms. Other habitats include sebum-rich habitats such as the face, and rather dry and nutrient-poor habitats such as most other body parts (Barnard & Li (2017) J Physiol 595.2 pp 437 - 450).

[0004] Many common skin pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, are inhibited by an acidic pH, thus favoring the growth of coagulase-negative staphylococci and corynebacteria. However, skin occlusion leads to an increase in pH, which favors the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Areas with a high density of sebaceous glands, such as the face, chest and back, promote the growth of lipophilic microorganisms such as Propionibacterium and Malassezia.

[0005] Many skin diseases and infections can be caused by bacteria and fungi:

[0006] Chronic wounds that affect diabetic patients, the elderly and immobile individuals are an example of skin commensal microorganisms invading and causing disease when the skin barrier is breached. Although bacteria do not cause the initial traumatic event, they are thought to contribute to insufficient healing and persistent inflammation associated with chronic wounds. Burn wounds are usually infected with Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus spp. or Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

[0007] Another common skin commensal is Staphylococcus epidermidis. It is also the most common cause of hospital-acquired infections associated with in-hospital medical devices such as catheters or heart valves.

[0008] Cosmetics, soaps, hygiene products and moisturizers are potential factors that can cause changes in the skin microbiota. These products alter the condition of the skin barrier. However, their impact on the skin microbiota is not well understood.

[0009] Accordingly, there is a need for products that can control the skin microbiota, especially products that inhibit the growth of skin pathogens.

[0010] Cleaning and disinfecting the skin with soaps or detergents containing antibacterial agents can be an effective measure for preventing or treating skin diseases and infections. Short-chain and medium-chain fatty acids have good antibacterial activity against certain microorganisms, such as Malassezia, which is a pathogen of dandruff. However, their practical use in topically applied cosmetics is limited by the following: (i) strong odor; (ii) skin irritation; (iii) lack of skin substantivity; and (iv) difficulties in formulating into products.

[0011] The various esters of said fatty acids do not exhibit these adverse properties. It is known that some fungi are able to break down the esters of said fatty acids and release fatty acids, thereby causing "suicide" of the fungi. However, the hydrolysis rate of the esters by the enzymes of microorganisms varies greatly depending on the alcohol component of the esters.

[0012] In DE 42 37 367 A1, fatty acid esters are described as antifungal agents. These esters are preferably selected from the group consisting of hexyl laurate, isopropyl stearate, glycerol monolaurate, triglyceride caprylate and triglyceride caprate.

[0013] DE 42 34 188 A1 relates to ethoxylated and propoxylated organic compounds as antifungal agents in cosmetics.

[0014] DE 10 2004 046 603 A1 describes a substance mixture comprising fatty acid esters of polyols and salts of short-chain fatty acids for combating microorganisms.

[0015] SU 1286204 A1 discloses the use of a mixture of monoester (50 - 60%), diester (30 - 35%) and triester (10 - 15%) of glycerol and undecylenic acid to impart antibacterial properties to a cosmetic matrix.

[0016] DE 33 14 786 A1 discloses a mixture having antifungal activity comprising mono- and / or di-10-undecenoic acid glycerol esters. This mixture is used for treating nasal mycosis and onychomycosis.

[0017] In W0 2006 / 054110 A2, esters of 1,2,3-propanetriol with one or more C11 to C24 fatty acids are described, wherein at least one fatty acid has at least one double bond. The application field of these substances is the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.

[0018] WO 2007 / 095262 A2 discloses 1,3-propanediol esters for dissolving plant extracts, perfume concentrates and oils.

[0019] In view of the prior art, it is not known whether fatty acid esters have broad antibacterial properties against various microorganisms of the natural microbiota of the skin of mammals (also simply referred to herein as skin microbiota), and / or whether they have the property of indirectly balancing or reducing the microbiota by reducing sebum. It is also not known whether fatty acid esters are suitable for use in cosmetics, i.e., have no negative impact on the physicochemical and / or sensory properties of cosmetics.

[0020] The unpublished, pending patent application PCT / EP2019 / 052576, filed on February 4, 2019, discloses specific fatty acid esters and their use for treating an excessive amount of Malassezia on the skin surface of mammals, the content of which is incorporated herein in its entirety.

[0021] The unpublished, pending patent application PCT / EP2019 / 052582, filed on February 4, 2019, discloses specific fatty acid esters and their use in modifying physicochemical properties, in particular increasing the viscosity or foam volume of skin care products, the content of which is incorporated herein in its entirety.

[0022] The unpublished, pending patent application PCT / EP2019 / 052578, filed on February 4, 2019, discloses specific fatty acid esters and their use in modifying the sensory properties of skin care products, in particular improving foam formation or skin feel on the skin, the content of which is incorporated herein in its entirety.

[0023] The inventors of the present application have now further found that the fatty acids disclosed therein exhibit activity against other microorganisms, in particular bacteria and fungi of the natural microbiota of the skin or mucous membranes of mammals. Summary of the Invention

[0024] Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an active agent that is effective against various microorganisms of the natural microbiota of the skin or mucous membranes of mammals, in particular bacteria and / or fungi, while meeting the requirements of the ingredients contained in a cosmetic product for topical application. In particular, the active agent should not have a strong odor, should not cause skin irritation, should have good skin substantivity, and should be easy to formulate. In addition, the active agent should have a neutral, preferably positive, impact on the physicochemical and / or sensory properties of cosmetics.

[0025] According to a first aspect of the present invention, this object is achieved by a cosmetic comprising:

[0026] a fatty acid ester; or

[0027] a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters or consisting of two or more fatty acid esters,

[0028] Wherein the fatty acid ester, or at least one of two or more fatty acid esters in the mixture, is selected from the group consisting of:

[0029] 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate, 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate, and glycerol monocaproleate,

[0030] preferably selected from the group consisting of 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate, and

[0031] more preferably, wherein the fatty acid ester, or one of the fatty acid esters, is 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate.

[0032] As used herein, the term "comprising" means that the recited elements are essential, but other elements may be added and still be encompassed within the invention, while the term "consisting of" indicates that the main content is closed and can only include the expressly recited limitations. Whenever "comprising" is recited, it is intended to cover both meanings as alternatives, i.e., the meaning can be "comprising" or "consisting of", unless the context dictates otherwise.

[0033] The present invention is based on the inventors' innovation that specific fatty acid esters confer advantageous characteristic features on cosmetics, which have never been achieved before. First, it has been found that the specific fatty acid esters have antibacterial activity against a variety of microorganisms, particularly bacteria and / or fungi, of the natural microbiota of mammalian skin or mucous membranes. Thus, the cosmetics can be effectively used to control the natural microbiota of the skin or mucous membranes. Second, it has been found that the specific fatty acid esters have antibacterial activity against the microorganisms commonly used in preservative testing. Thus, the cosmetics are expected to have a good shelf life. Third, the specific fatty acid esters are related to improved physicochemical and sensory properties. Thus, adding the specific fatty acid esters to cosmetics can improve the physicochemical and sensory properties of the cosmetics, particularly in terms of increased viscosity, increased foam volume, improved foam formation on the skin, and improved skin feel. Additionally, it has been found that the specific fatty acid esters disclosed herein have the property of indirectly balancing or reducing the microbiota by reducing sebum. Thus, the specific fatty acid esters disclosed herein are a general tool for conferring beneficial properties on cosmetics and can be advantageously used in different types of cosmetics, including creams, lotions, shampoos, etc. (more examples are given below).

[0034] The cosmetics disclosed herein contain at least one specified fatty acid ester. In addition, it should be understood that the at least one specified fatty acid ester is present in an antibacterial effective amount. The antibacterial effective amount of a compound is the amount that must be added to the cosmetics to observe the antibacterial effect associated with the compound. In a preferred case, the observed antibacterial effect may be due to the cooperation (e.g., synergism) of the at least one specified fatty acid ester with another compound. To determine the antibacterial effective amount of the at least one specified fatty acid ester in a cosmetic sample, similar samples containing different amounts of the at least one specified fatty acid ester, and at least another similar sample not containing the at least one specified fatty acid ester, can be prepared. These samples can be used in different antibacterial tests as described in the Examples section herein.

[0035] The increase in viscosity, the increase in foam volume, the improvement in foam formation on the skin, and the improvement in skin feel can be determined by the following conventional methods or similar to PCT / EP2019 / 052582 and PCT / EP2019 / 052578.

[0036] As a non-limiting example of a mixture containing two or more fatty acid esters, mention is made of a mixture containing one, two, three, or all of two or more fatty acid esters in the mixture or consisting of one, two, three, or all of two or more fatty acid esters in the mixture.

[0037] Octanoate refers to an ester of octanoic acid (CAS registration number of octanoic acid: 124-07-2; also known as caprylic acid), and undecylenate refers to an ester of 10-undecenoic acid (CAS registration number of 10-undecenoic acid: 112-38-9; also known as 10-undecenoic acid).

[0038] 3-Hydroxypropyl octanoate refers to the monoester of the alcohol 1,3-propanediol (CAS registration number: 504-63-2) and octanoic acid, and 3-hydroxypropyl undecylenate refers to the monoester of the alcohol 1,3-propanediol and 10-undecenoic acid.

[0039] One preferred embodiment relates to a cosmetic (as disclosed herein), wherein the cosmetic is a cosmetic for topical application on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal. The mammal is preferably a human. For topical application, the cosmetic is a rinse-off or leave-on preparation, preferably in the form of a cleanser, o / w or w / o emulsion, slurry, scrub, lotion, soap, ointment, wax, powder, solution, emulsion, paste, suspension, tablet, gel, stick, aerosol, most preferably in the form of an aerosol-based deodorant spray, deodorant pump spray, deodorant stick, deodorant roll-on, deodorant cream, deodorant wipe, deodorant crystal, Pickering emulsion, water-dispersible gel, skin cream, shampoo, body wash, foam bath, micellar water, facial cleansing solution, cleansing wipe, intimate area spray, intimate area cream, intimate area lotion, intimate area wipe, aerosol-based foot spray, foot pump spray, foot bath, foot cream, concentrated mouthwash, ready-to-use mouthwash, and toothpaste.

[0040] According to another preferred embodiment, the cosmetic is selected from the group consisting of: body (including feet) deodorant care products (e.g., aerosol-based deodorant spray and deodorant pump spray, deodorant stick, deodorant roll-on, deodorant cream, deodorant wipe, deodorant crystal, anhydrous deodorant products), skin care (e.g., o / w emulsion, w / o emulsion, complex emulsion, Pickering emulsion, water-dispersible gel, balm, anhydrous products), and cleansing products (e.g., shampoo, body wash, foam bath, micellar water, facial cleansing solution, anhydrous cleansing products, cleansing wipe), intimate area care and cleansing products (e.g., spray, cream, lotion, liquid, surfactant-based rinse-off preparation, wipe), foot care and cleansing products (e.g., aerosol spray, pump spray, foot bath, o / w and w / o emulsions, balm), and oral care products (e.g., concentrated mouthwash, ready-to-use mouthwash, toothpaste). That is, the cosmetic is mainly used on the armpits, face, feet, intimate area, or oral mucosa, with the main purpose of providing a sense of hygiene and "health". Advantageously, the cosmetics disclosed herein can be formulated in such a way that the user can incorporate the desired effects, particularly the desired antibacterial effect, into their daily hygiene routine. This is achieved by providing the cosmetic in the form of the above-mentioned (daily) care products.

[0041] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a cosmetic as defined herein, which contains 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate or 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate or glycerol monoundecenoate.

[0042] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a cosmetic containing a mixture as defined herein, the mixture comprising the following substances:

[0043] 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate or 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate or glycerol monoundecenoate, and

[0044] At least one other fatty acid ester that is not the fatty acid ester specified in claim 1 (also referred to herein as the specified fatty acid ester).

[0045] Another embodiment of the invention relates to a cosmetic as defined herein, which comprises a mixture containing at least two fatty acid esters, wherein at least one fatty acid ester is selected from the group consisting of:

[0046] 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate, 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate, and glycerol monoundecenoate,

[0047] and at least one other fatty acid ester is selected from the group consisting of:

[0048] 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate, glycerol monocaprylate, 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate, and glycerol monoundecenoate.

[0049] Another embodiment of the invention relates to a cosmetic as defined herein, which further comprises one or more 1,2-alkanediols, preferably one or more 1,2-alkanediols selected from the group consisting of:

[0050] (i) 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-octanediol, and 1,2-decanediol, more preferably a 1,2-alkanediol selected from the group consisting of 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-octanediol, and 1,2-decanediol, in particular, 1,2-octanediol, and / or

[0051] (ii) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of dimethyl phenylbutanol, glycerol caprylate, and farnesol.

[0052] Surprisingly, it has been found that adding one or more 1,2-alkanediols as defined herein or the compounds described in item (ii) above to one or more fatty acid esters as defined herein results in a synergistic increase in antibacterial activity against a variety of microorganisms (as will be further demonstrated below). In terms of the synergistic effect, it is particularly preferred that the one or more fatty acid esters are one or more octanoates or one or more undecenoates as defined herein, preferably 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate.

[0053] Accordingly, a preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a cosmetic that comprises:

[0054] 1,2-pentanediol and 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate; or

[0055] 1,2-pentanediol and 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate; or

[0056] 1,2-hexanediol and 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate; or

[0057] 1,2 - hexanediol and 3 - hydroxypropyl undecylenate; or

[0058] 1,2 - octanediol and 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate; or

[0059] 1,2 - octanediol and 3 - hydroxypropyl undecylenate; or

[0060] 1,2 - decanediol and 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate; or

[0061] 1,2 - decanediol and 3 - hydroxypropyl undecylenate; or

[0062] 1,2 - pentanediol and glyceryl monocaprylate; or

[0063] 1,2 - hexanediol and glyceryl monocaprylate; or

[0064] 1,2 - octanediol and glyceryl monocaprylate; or

[0065] 1,2 - decanediol and glyceryl monocaprylate.

[0066] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a cosmetic as defined herein, the cosmetic comprising a mixture of the following substances:

[0067] 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3 - hydroxypropyl undecylenate; or

[0068] glyceryl monocaprylate and 3 - hydroxypropyl undecylenate; or

[0069] 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and glyceryl monocaprylate; or

[0070] glyceryl monocaprylate and glyceryl monocaprylate; or

[0071] 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and glyceryl monocaprylate; or

[0072] 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3 - hydroxypropyl undecylenate; or

[0073] glyceryl monocaprylate and 3 - hydroxypropyl undecylenate; or

[0074] 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and glyceryl monocaprylate; or

[0075] glyceryl monocaprylate and glyceryl monocaprylate; or

[0076] 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and glyceryl monocaprylate, preferably

[0077] 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and glyceryl monocaprylate.

[0078] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a cosmetic as defined herein, the cosmetic comprising a mixture of the following substances:

[0079] 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate, glyceryl monocaprylate and 3 - hydroxypropyl undecenoate; or

[0080] 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate, glyceryl monocaprylate and 3 - hydroxypropyl undecenoate.

[0081] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a cosmetic, the cosmetic comprising a mixture of the following substances:

[0082] 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate, glyceryl monocaprylate, 3 - hydroxypropyl undecenoate and glyceryl monoundecenoate; or

[0083] 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate, glyceryl monocaprylate, 3 - hydroxypropyl undecenoate and glyceryl monoundecenoate.

[0084] As described above, the cosmetic according to various embodiments herein may further comprise one or more 1,2 - alkane diols as defined herein.

[0085] In certain embodiments, there may be at least one other fatty acid ester that is not a designated fatty acid ester. In other embodiments, one or more of the designated fatty acid esters are the only fatty acid esters included in the cosmetic.

[0086] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a cosmetic as defined herein, wherein the cosmetic does not contain any diesters of octanoic acid and / or does not contain any triesters of octanoic acid and / or does not contain any ethoxylated variants of octanoic acid and / or does not contain any diesters of undecenoic acid and / or does not contain any triesters of undecenoic acid and / or does not contain any ethoxylated variants of undecenoic acid.

[0087] Advantageously, the designated fatty acid esters exhibit particularly high antibacterial activity against a variety of microorganisms of the natural microbiota of mammalian skin and mucous membranes. In particular, binary mixtures of fatty acid esters exhibit a synergistic increase in antibacterial activity (further described below). Of particular value in this regard are binary mixtures of the fatty acid esters disclosed herein with at least one of 1,2 - alkane diols, dimethyl phenylbutanol, glyceryl caprylate and farnesol. Preferably, in the binary mixture, the fatty acid ester is 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate. Further preferably, the 1,2 - alkanediol, if present in the binary mixture disclosed herein, is 1,2 - pentanediol, 1,2 - hexanediol or 1,2 - octanediol, preferably 1,2 - octanediol.

[0088] Another preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a cosmetic as defined herein, which comprises one or more additional active agents, preferably one or more antibacterial agents, more preferably one or more active agents selected from the group consisting of clotrimazole (CAS registration number 23593-75-1), bifonazole (CAS registration number 60628-96-8), miconazole (CAS registration number 22916-47-8), ketoconazole (CAS registration number 65277-42-1), fluconazole (CAS registration number 86386-73-4), clotrimazole (CAS registration number 38083-17-9), itraconazole (CAS registration number 84625-61-6), terbinafine (CAS registration number 91161-71-6), nystatin (CAS registration number 1400-61-9), amorolfine (CAS registration number 78613-35-1), ciclopirox (CAS registration number 29342-05-0), piroctone olamine (CAS registration number 68890-66-4), and undecylenic acid (CAS registration number 112-38-9).

[0089] A preferred alternative embodiment relates to a cosmetic as defined herein, which is used in combination with one or more additional active agents, preferably in combination with one or more antibacterial agents, more preferably in combination with one or more active agents selected from the group consisting of 2-methyl-5-cyclohexylpentanol, dimethylphenylbutanol, dimethylphenylpropanol, 2-benzylheptanol, ethylhexylglycerol, triethyl citrate, polyglyceryl-3 caprylate, polyglyceryl-10 laurate, glyceryl caprylate, polyglyceryl-2 decanoate, zinc ricinoleate, farnesol, bisabolol, glyceryl laurate, glyceryl caprylate, xylitol sesquicaprylate, decylene glycol, caprylyl glycol, phenylpropanol, lauryl alcohol, o-cymen-5-ol, octenidine HCl, undecylenoyl glycine, decanoyl / lauroyl lactyl lactate sodium, ethyl lauroyl, arginine laurate, PCA, ethyl cocoyl arginate, sage (Salvia officinalis) oil, tropolone, piroctone olamine, triclosan, triclocarban, parachlorometaxylenol, chlorocresol, benzalkonium chloride, benzalkonium bromide, benzalkonium saccharinate, benzethonium chloride, chlorphenesin, alkyl (C12-22) trimethylammonium bromide and chloride, zinc pyrithione, glycabene, chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine diacetate, chlorhexidine digluconate, chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, hexamidine, hexamidine dihydroxyethylsulfonate, silver chloride, and silver citrate.

[0090] According to a preferred embodiment, the total amount of one or more fatty acid esters (as defined herein) comprised in a cosmetic as defined herein is from 0.01 wt.-% to 5 wt.-%, more preferably from 0.05 wt.-% to 2 wt.-%, and most preferably from 0.1 wt.-% to 1 wt.-% relative to the total weight of the product.

[0091] According to another preferred embodiment, in a cosmetic comprising a mixture of two fatty acid esters, the weight ratio of the two fatty acid esters as defined herein is from 10:1 to 1:10, more preferably from 5:1 to 1:5, and most preferably from 3:1 to 1:3.

[0092] According to a preferred embodiment, the total amount of one or more fatty acid esters (as defined herein) and one or more 1,2-alkanediols (as defined herein) comprised in a cosmetic as defined herein is from 0.1 wt.-% to 10 wt.-%, more preferably from 0.2 wt.-% to 5 wt.-%, and most preferably from 0.3 wt.-% to 3 wt.-% relative to the total weight of the product.

[0093] According to another preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of one or more fatty acid esters (as defined herein) and one or more 1,2-alkanediols (as defined herein) comprised in a cosmetic as defined herein is from 20:1 to 1:20, more preferably from 10:1 to 1:10, and most preferably from 5:1 to 1:5.

[0094] The second aspect of the present invention relates to the use of a fatty acid ester, or a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters, in a cosmetic for the following:

[0095] (i) inhibiting the growth of microorganisms on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and / or

[0096] (ii) protecting the cosmetic; and

[0097] Optionally

[0098] (iii) modifying the physicochemical properties of the cosmetic; and / or

[0099] (iv) improving the sensory properties of the cosmetic on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and / or

[0100] (v) balancing and / or reducing sebum production,

[0101] wherein the fatty acid ester, or at least one of the two or more fatty acid esters in the mixture, is selected from the group consisting of:

[0102] 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate, 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate, and glycerol monoundecenoate,

[0103] preferably selected from the group consisting of 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate, and

[0104] more preferably, wherein the fatty acid ester, or one of the fatty acid esters, is 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate.

[0105] The one or more fatty acid esters and cosmetics of the second aspect are the same as those of the first aspect. That is, the various embodiments described in the context of the first aspect form the corresponding embodiments of the second aspect.

[0106] According to a preferred embodiment, the use of a fatty acid ester, or a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters, in the cosmetics disclosed herein is for:

[0107] (i) inhibiting the growth of microorganisms on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and

[0108] (ii) optionally protecting the cosmetic; and

[0109] (iii) optionally modifying the physicochemical properties of the cosmetic; and

[0110] (iv) optionally improving the sensory properties of the cosmetic on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and

[0111] (v) optionally balancing and / or reducing sebum production.

[0112] According to another preferred embodiment, the use of a fatty acid ester, or a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters, in the cosmetics disclosed herein is for:

[0113] (i) inhibiting the growth of microorganisms on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and

[0114] (ii) optionally protecting the cosmetic; and

[0115] (iii) modifying the physicochemical properties of the cosmetic; and

[0116] (iv) optionally improving the sensory properties of the cosmetic on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and

[0117] (v) optionally balancing and / or reducing sebum production.

[0118] According to another preferred embodiment, the use of a fatty acid ester, or a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters, in the cosmetics disclosed herein is for:

[0119] (i) inhibiting the growth of microorganisms on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and

[0120] (ii) optionally protecting the cosmetic; and

[0121] (iii) optionally modifying the physicochemical properties of the cosmetic; and

[0122] (iv) improving the sensory properties of the cosmetic on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and

[0123] (v) optionally balancing and / or reducing sebum production.

[0124] According to another preferred embodiment, the use of a fatty acid ester, or a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters, in a cosmetic as disclosed herein is for:

[0125] (i) inhibiting the growth of microorganisms on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and

[0126] (ii) optionally protecting the cosmetic; and

[0127] (iii) modifying the physicochemical properties of the cosmetic; and

[0128] (iv) improving the sensory properties of the cosmetic on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and

[0129] (v) optionally balancing and / or reducing sebum production.

[0130] According to another preferred embodiment, the use of a fatty acid ester, or a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters, in a cosmetic as disclosed herein is for:

[0131] (i) inhibiting the growth of microorganisms on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and

[0132] (ii) protecting the cosmetic; and

[0133] (iii) modifying the physicochemical properties of the cosmetic; and

[0134] (iv) improving the sensory properties of the cosmetic on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and

[0135] (v) optionally balancing and / or reducing sebum production.

[0136] According to another preferred embodiment, the use of a fatty acid ester, or a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters, in a cosmetic as disclosed herein is for:

[0137] (i) inhibiting the growth of microorganisms on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and

[0138] (ii) protecting the cosmetic; and

[0139] (iii) modifying the physicochemical properties of the cosmetic; and

[0140] (iv) improving the sensory properties of said cosmetic on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; and

[0141] (v) balancing and / or reducing sebum production.

[0142] Preferably, said use is a cosmetic use and / or a non-therapeutic use. This means that it is desired to use the fatty acid esters or mixtures defined herein for the cosmetic / non-therapeutic inhibition of the growth of microorganisms on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal, particularly before the occurrence of a skin condition or infection, or before any disease symptoms can be observed. For example, one or more fatty acid esters or mixtures defined herein can be used to improve unpleasant conditions associated with excessive sebum production, redness, itching, dryness, flaking, greasiness, hypopigmentation and / or hyperpigmentation of the skin or mucous membranes, which conditions are (not yet) classified as disease conditions.

[0143] A preferred embodiment relates to a use wherein the inhibition of said microbial growth is a reduction in the microbial growth rate, and / or a stagnation or reduction in the number of live microorganisms. Another preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a use wherein the modification of said sensory properties is an improvement in foam formation on the skin or mucous membranes, and / or the skin or mucous membrane feel of the cosmetic. Another preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a use wherein the modification of said physicochemical properties is an increase in the viscosity and / or foam volume of the cosmetic.

[0144] Even more preferably a use wherein said microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of microorganisms of the natural microbiota of the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal, in particular bacteria and / or fungi. Preferably, said microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of: microorganisms from the genus Staphylococcus; Corynebacterium; Aspergillus brasiliensis; Candida; Escherichia; Peptoniphilus; Streptococcus; Lactobacillus; Gardnerella; Fannyhessea; Epidermophyton; Trichophyton; Streptococcus; Clostridium and combinations thereof. Preferably, said microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of: Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus hominis; Corynebacterium xerosis; Aspergillus brasiliensis; Candida albicans; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Lacazia loboi; Streptococcus agalactiae; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Gardnerella vaginalis; Fannyhessea vaginae (Atopobium vaginae); Epidermophyton floccosum; Trichophyton rubrum; Streptococcus mutans; Fusobacterium nucleatum; and combinations thereof. The cosmetics disclosed herein exhibit excellent antibacterial activity against these microorganisms.

[0145] The third aspect of the invention relates to a cosmetic as disclosed herein for use in a method for the antibacterial treatment of a mammal, i.e. topically applying the cosmetic to at least the skin or mucous membrane area of the skin or mucous membranes of the mammal that is infected with microorganisms. Similarly, the various embodiments described in the context of the first aspect form corresponding embodiments of the third aspect.

[0146] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "treatment" includes preventing a skin or mucosal condition, or preventing symptoms associated with said condition, or restoring the health of a mammal having a skin or mucosal condition, or alleviating symptoms associated with said condition. Prevention can be achieved by applying the cosmetic compositions as defined herein at repeated time intervals, such as once a week, every other day, or once a day, to the skin or mucosal area where the condition should be avoided. Treatment can be achieved by applying the cosmetic composition once or repeatedly to a region of the skin or mucosa that exhibits symptoms of a skin or mucosal condition.

[0147] According to a preferred embodiment, the antimicrobial treatment is a treatment of a skin or mucosal condition or infection involving an excess of microorganisms, at least in the skin or mucosal area. As defined herein, an excess of microorganisms on the skin or mucosa of a mammal, preferably a human, is associated with a situation where the total number of cells of a given microbial species present on said skin or mucosa results in a skin or mucosal condition or symptoms of an infection, such as, for example, redness, itching, dryness, flaking, greasiness, hypopigmentation and / or hyperpigmentation of the skin).

[0148] According to another preferred embodiment, the microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of microorganisms of the natural microbiota of the skin or mucosa of a mammal, in particular bacteria and / or fungi. Preferably, the microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of: microorganisms from the genus Staphylococcus; Corynebacterium; Aspergillus brasiliensis; Candida; Escherichia; Peptoniphilus; Streptococcus; Lactobacillus; Gardnerella; Fannyhessea; Epidermophyton; Trichophyton; Streptococcus; Clostridium; and combinations thereof. Preferably, the microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of: Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus hominis; Corynebacterium xerosis; Aspergillus brasiliensis; Candida albicans; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Lacazia loboi; Streptococcus agalactiae; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Gardnerella vaginalis; Fannyhessea vaginae (Atopobium vaginae); Epidermophyton floccosum; Trichophyton rubrum; Streptococcus mutans; Fusobacterium nucleatum; and combinations thereof.

[0149] In some embodiments, the microorganisms do not belong to the genus Malassezia.

[0150] The present disclosure further discloses a method for reducing the growth of microorganisms on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal, preferably a human, particularly a human in need (i.e., a human exhibiting one or more symptoms of a skin or mucous membrane (unpleasant or disease) condition (such as body or scalp malodor, redness, itching, dryness, flaking, greasiness, hypopigmentation and / or hyperpigmentation of the skin)), the method comprising the step of applying the cosmetic disclosed herein to a skin or mucous membrane area. The cosmetic is preferably selected from the group consisting of the following products: body (including feet) deodorant care products (such as aerosol and pump sprays based on deodorant sprays, deodorant sticks, deodorant roll-ons, deodorant creams, deodorant wipes, deodorant crystals, anhydrous deodorant products), skin care (such as o / w emulsions, w / o emulsions, multiple emulsions, Pickering emulsions, aqueous dispersions gels, balms, anhydrous products) and cleansing products (such as shampoos, shower gels, foam baths, micellar waters, facial cleansing solutions, anhydrous cleansing products, cleansing wipes), intimate care and cleansing products (such as sprays, creams, lotions, liquids, surfactant-based rinse-off preparations, wipes), foot care and cleansing products (such as aerosol sprays, pump sprays, foot baths, o / w and w / o emulsions, balms) and oral care products (such as concentrated mouthwashes, ready-to-use mouthwashes, toothpastes). Thus, the method disclosed herein is particularly useful for the purpose of improving body odor, hygiene and / or cleanliness.

[0151] The present disclosure also relates to a cosmetic product as disclosed herein, wherein the fatty acid ester is monocaprylin, rather than 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate, 3-hydroxypropyl undecylenate and / or glycerol monocaprylate.

[0152] Unless the context otherwise requires, the various aspects and embodiments described herein are meant to be combinable with each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0153] In the following drawings:

[0154] Figure 1 The relative change in total lipids in human sebaceous glands of donor 1 is shown. Asterisks indicate significant differences compared to the untreated control group;

[0155] Figure 2 The relative change in total lipids in human sebaceous glands of donor 2 is shown. Asterisks indicate significant differences compared to the untreated control group.

[0156] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to selected examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0157] EXAMPLES

[0158] 1. Method

[0159] A) Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Method A

[0160] The MIC test is a growth inhibition test. The evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is carried out in a 96-well plate. Different concentrations of the test substance are evaluated by comparing the bacterial growth curve with positive and negative controls via optical density (OD).

[0161] According to the information of the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ), the bacteria are cultured under adjusted conditions and stored in 50% glycerol before use. Then, the following method is adopted:

[0162] Add growth medium (according to the microorganism) to each well of the microplate.

[0163] Add different concentrations of the test substance, positive control (water control containing only medium), and negative control (benchmark according to the organism).

[0164] Add the microorganism at a concentration of 10 6 CFU / ml (CFU = colony-forming unit).

[0165] Culture the microplate under appropriate conditions.

[0166] Aerobic microorganisms: Continuously measure the optical density during the culture process (microplate reader).

[0167] Anaerobic microorganisms: Culture in an anaerobic chamber, measure the optical density at the end of the culture, and compare the results with positive and negative controls.

[0168] According to the obtained growth curve, the substance concentration is marked as growth inhibition or normal growth, and the MIC is defined as the lowest concentration with obvious inhibition. Conduct at least two concentration limit tests (the highest concentration is marked as growth, and the lowest concentration is marked as inhibition).

[0169] B) Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Method B

[0170] Test conditions: Evaluation of bactericidal and fungicidal activities in a qualitative suspension test (VAH standard method, 04 - 2015). Mix 5 ml of appropriately diluted test product with 0.1 ml of the test suspension and mix well. After the required action time, mix the mixture again. Remove 0.1 ml from each and place it in 5 ml of CSL broth without neutralizer.

[0171] C) Antiseptic Effect Test

[0172] Test conditions: Inoculate the sample (1% test substance in a suitable formulation (o / w emulsion)) with 0.1 ml of the microbial suspension, homogenize, and incubate at 20 °C to 25 °C. Colony counts are determined by plating on a suitable solid medium after 2, 7, 14, and 28 days of incubation.

[0173] 2. Results

[0174] Example 1

[0175] Using methods A and B (page 15), 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate (Table 1), 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate (Table 2), and glycerol monoundecenoate (Table 3) were tested on several bacterial and fungal reference strains for application in different body areas. The results obtained indicate that 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate have potential uses in deodorant, skin care, intimate care, foot care, and oral care products. Similarly, several preserved reference strains also showed low MIC values. Similarly, glycerol monoundecenoate showed a low MIC against Corynebacterium xerosis, indicating at least comparable applications.

[0176] Table 1

[0177]

[0178]

[0179] Table 2

[0180]

[0181] Table 3

[0182]

[0183] Example 2

[0184] Using method C, 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate in a potential formulation was tested against the microorganisms Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The resulting colony counts are depicted in Table 4.

[0185] Table 4

[0186]

[0187]

[0188] Example 3

[0189] According to DIN 58940 and method B (method section above), the synergistic activity of 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and the antibacterial diols against Trichophyton floccosum was determined by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC value). The results are shown in Tables 5, 6, and 7.

[0190] To calculate the synergistic index with MIC values, Kull's equation (I) was used as follows:

[0191] (I) SI = (MIC 混合物 xP A ) / MIC A + (MIC 混合物 xP B ) / MIC B

[0192] where

[0193] SI is the synergistic index according to Kull

[0194] MIC A is the MIC value of substance A

[0195] MIC B is the MIC value of substance B

[0196] MIC 混合物 is the MIC value of the mixture of substances A and B

[0197] P A is the proportion of substance A in the mixture

[0198] P B is the proportion of substance B in the mixture

[0199] Table 5

[0200]

[0201] Table 6

[0202]

[0203] Table 7

[0204]

[0205] The synergistic index of 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate in combination with different antibacterial diols against Trichophyton floccosum calculated according to Kull's equation (I) was less than 1 in all cases, indicating a synergistic effect between 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, or 1,2-octanediol.

[0206] To verify that the tested combinations have a synergistic effect on other microorganisms of the mammalian skin's natural microbiota, the combination of 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and 1,2 - octanediol was used as an example, and corresponding experiments were conducted on Corynebacterium xerosis. The MIC values of 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and 1,2 - octanediol against Corynebacterium xerosis were 500 ppm and 2500 ppm, respectively. For the 1:1 mixture of 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and 1,2 - octanediol, an MIC value of 500 ppm was determined, and a synergistic index of 0.600 was obtained.

[0207] Example 4

[0208] According to DIN 58940 and method A (the above method section), by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC value), the synergistic activity of 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and dimethylphenylbutanol applied to deodorant applications or as preservatives against several bacterial and fungal reference strains was determined. The results are shown in Tables 8, 9, and 10.

[0209] Table 8

[0210]

[0211] Table 9

[0212]

[0213] Table 10

[0214]

[0215] The synergistic index SI of the combination of 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and dimethylphenylbutanol against strains related to deodorant applications (Staphylococcus epidermidis) and strains related to preservative functions (Aspergillus brasiliensis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus) was calculated according to Kull equation (I) to be less than 1 in all test cases, indicating a synergistic effect between these two substances.

[0216] Example 5

[0217] According to DIN 58940 and method B (the above method section), by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC value), the synergistic activity of 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and glycerol octanoate applied to deodorant applications or as preservatives against several bacterial and fungal reference strains was determined.

[0218] The results are shown in Tables 11, 12, and 13.

[0219] Table 11

[0220]

[0221] Table 12

[0222]

[0223] Table 13

[0224]

[0225] The synergy index SI of the combination of 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and glyceryl octanoate against the strain related to deodorant application (Staphylococcus hominis) and Aspergillus brasiliensis as the strain related to preservative function was calculated according to Kull's equation (I) to be less than 1 in all test cases, indicating the existence of a synergistic effect between these two substances.

[0226] Example 6

[0227] According to DIN 58940 and method B (the above method section), the synergistic activity of 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and farnesol against Corynebacterium xerosis for deodorant application was determined by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC value).

[0228] The results are shown in Tables 14, 15 and 16.

[0229] Table 14

[0230]

[0231] Table 15

[0232]

[0233] Table 16

[0234]

[0235] The synergy index SI of the combination of 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate and farnesol calculated according to Kull's formula (I) for the test strains related to deodorant application was 0.516 for Corynebacterium xerosis, indicating the existence of a synergistic effect between these two substances.

[0236] Example 7

[0237] To verify the regulatory activity of the compound on sebum secretion, additional tests were conducted on human sebaceous glands. For this purpose, the sebaceous glands were microdissected and cultured in a matrix. The matrix without any supplements was used as the untreated control. The matrix containing 5 μM capsaicin was used as the positive control. In addition, the medium was supplemented with different concentrations of 3 - hydroxypropyl octanoate. After six days, the sebaceous glands were collected and lipids and proteins were quantified. The total lipid mass representing sebum production was obtained by normalizing the quantified lipids to the quantified proteins (i.e., mg lipid / mg protein).

[0238] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a concentration-dependent decrease in total lipids was found. This indicates that 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate has the activity of reducing sebum. Since sebum contains compounds that serve as microbial growth substrates, a reduction in sebum can also reduce the number of the microbiota on the skin. Based on these results, it is hypothesized that the fatty acid esters disclosed herein have the property of indirectly balancing or reducing the microbiota through sebum reduction.

[0239] Example 8: Formulation Example

[0240] Table 17: Composition of essential oil 1 (PO1, amount expressed in ‰ b.w.)

[0241]

[0242]

[0243]

[0244] Table 18: Composition of essential oil 2 (PO2, amount expressed in ‰ b.w.)

[0245]

[0246]

[0247] Table 19: Composition of essential oil 3 (PO3, amount expressed in ‰ b.w.)

[0248]

[0249]

[0250]

[0251] Table 20: Composition of essential oil 4 (PO4, amount expressed in ‰ b.w.)

[0252]

[0253]

[0254] Table 21: Composition of essential oil 5 (PO5, amount expressed in ‰ b.w.)

[0255]

[0256]

[0257]

[0258] The essential oils PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4 or PO5 in the above embodiments act individually in each case in the formulations presented below.

[0259] Cosmetic formulations (compositions) - The amounts of all formulations are given in wt.-%.

[0260] Table 22: Cream o / w

[0261]

[0262]

[0263] Table 23: Hand and body cream

[0264]

[0265]

[0266] Table 24: Day cream SPF 20

[0267]

[0268]

[0269]

[0270] Table 25: w / o night cream

[0271]

[0272]

[0273] Table 26: Body lotion

[0274]

[0275]

[0276] Table 27: Antibacterial body lotion, spray

[0277]

[0278]

[0279] Table 28: Sterile wound plaster

[0280]

[0281]

[0282] Table 29: Anti-acne plaster

[0283]

[0284]

[0285] Table 30: Moisturizing and Repairing Cream

[0286]

[0287]

[0288] Table 31: Skin Lotion

[0289]

[0290]

[0291]

[0292] Table 32: Baby Diaper Rash Cream w / o

[0293]

[0294]

[0295] Table 33: Brightening Day Cream o / w

[0296]

[0297] Table 34: Shampoo

[0298]

[0299] Table 35: Anti-Dandruff Shampoo

[0300]

[0301]

[0302] Table 36: 2-in-1 Shampoo

[0303]

[0304]

[0305] Table 37: Body Wash

[0306]

[0307]

[0308] Table 38: Body Wash

[0309]

[0310] Table 39: Feminine Wash

[0311]

[0312]

[0313] Table 40: Clear Liquid Soap

[0314]

[0315]

[0316] Table 41: Liquid Syndet Soap

[0317]

[0318] Table 42: Anti-Acne Lotion

[0319]

[0320]

[0321] Table 43: Mineral Cleansing and Detoxifying Gel

[0322]

[0323]

[0324] Table 44: Aftershave Lotion

[0325]

[0326]

[0327] Table 45: Conditioner with Climbazole, Rinse-Out Type

[0328]

[0329]

[0330] Table 46: Scalp Soothing Conditioner with UV-B / UV-A Protection, Rinse-Out Type

[0331]

[0332]

[0333] Table 47: Conditioner with UV Protection

[0334]

[0335] Table 48: Hair conditioner, rinse-free

[0336]

[0337]

[0338] Table 49: Anti-itch hair conditioner, rinse-free

[0339]

[0340]

[0341] Table 50: Spray hair conditioner containing zinc pyrithione, rinse-free

[0342]

[0343]

[0344] Table 51: Hairspray

[0345]

[0346] Table 52: Deodorant stick

[0347]

[0348]

[0349] Table 53: Zirconium suspension antiperspirant stick

[0350]

[0351] Table 54: Antiperspirant / deodorant roll-on

[0352]

[0353]

[0354] Table 55: Deodorant preparation in roll-on gel form

[0355]

[0356]

[0357] Table 56: Clear antiperspirant / deodorant roll-on

[0358]

[0359] Table 57: Deodorant pump spray containing SymClariol

[0360]

[0361] Table 58: Whitening and Deodorant Spray

[0362]

[0363]

[0364] Table 59: Deodorant Aerosol Spray

[0365]

[0366] Table 60: Sunscreen Lotion (o / w, Broadband Protection)

[0367]

[0368]

[0369]

[0370] Table 61: Lotion with UV-A / B Broadband Protection

[0371]

[0372]

[0373] Table 62: Sunscreen Light Cream (w / o), SPF 40

[0374]

[0375]

[0376] Table 63: Sunscreen (w / o)

[0377]

[0378]

[0379] Table 64: Sunscreen Spray with Low Oil Content and UV-A / B Broadband Protection

[0380]

[0381] Table 65: Sunscreen Spray o / w, SPE 15 - 20

[0382]

[0383]

[0384] Table 66: After-sun Gel

[0385]

[0386]

[0387] Table 67: After-sun Lotion

[0388] Ingredient Amount Acrylate / C10-30 alkyl acrylate copolymer 0.4 Cetearyl ethylhexanoate 15.0 Bisabolol 0.2 Tocopheryl acetate 1.0 Panthenol 1.0 Alcohol 15.0 Glycerin 3.0 Essential oil PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4 or PO5 0.30 1,2-Hexanediol 1.0 4-Hydroxyacetophenone 0.3 Pentylene glycol 4.0 Demineralized water q.s. 100 Triethanolamine 0.2 3-Hydroxypropyl octanoate 0.2 3-Hydroxypropyl undecylenate 0.1

[0389] Table 68: Synthetic Antibacterial Soap Bar

[0390]

[0391]

[0392] Table 69: Synthetic Soap Bar

[0393]

[0394]

[0395] Table 70: Antibacterial Toilet Soap Bar

[0396] Ingredient Amount Sodium tallowate 60.0 Sodium palmate 27.0 Pentylene glycol 0.5 Glycerin 2.0 Sodium chloride 0.5 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt 0.3 α-Tocopherol 0.1 Pigment Yellow 1 0.02 Water q.s. 100 Essential oil PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4 or PO5 3.0 Farnesol 0.2 3-Hydroxypropyl octanoate 0.1 Glycerol monocaprylate 0.1 3-Hydroxypropyl undecylenate 0.05 Glycerol monoundecylenate 0.05

[0397] Table 71: Shaving Foam

[0398]

[0399]

[0400] Table 72: Spray Disinfection Gel

[0401]

[0402]

[0403] Table 73: Solution for Wet Wipes

[0404]

[0405]

Claims

1. The non-therapeutic use of a fatty acid ester, or a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters, in a cosmetic for (i) and / or (ii): (i) inhibiting the growth of microorganisms on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal; (ii) protecting the cosmetic from the growth of microorganisms; wherein the fatty acid ester, or at least one of the two or more fatty acid esters in the mixture, is selected from the group consisting of 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate.

2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid ester, or the mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters, is further used in the cosmetic for (iii) and / or (iv) and / or (v): (iii) modifying the physicochemical properties of the cosmetic, (iv) improving the sensory properties of the cosmetic on the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal, (v) balancing and / or reducing sebum reduction.

3. The use according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid ester, or one of the multiple fatty acid esters, is 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate.

4. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein (i) the inhibition of the growth of microorganisms and / or (ii) the protection of the cosmetic from the growth of microorganisms is to reduce the growth rate of the microorganisms, and / or to stagnate or reduce the number of live microorganisms.

5. The use according to claim 2, wherein (iv) the improvement of the sensory properties is to improve the foam formation on the skin or mucous membranes and / or the skin or mucous membrane feel of the cosmetic; (iii) the modification of the physicochemical properties is an increase in the viscosity and / or foam volume of the cosmetic.

6. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of microorganisms of the natural microbiota of the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal.

7. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of: microorganisms from the genus Staphylococcus; Corynebacterium; Aspergillus brasiliensis; Candida; Escherichia; Peptoniphilus; Streptococcus; Lactobacillus; Gardnerella; Fannyhessea; Epidermophyton; Trichophyton; Clostridium and combinations thereof.

8. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of: Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus hominis; Corynebacterium xerosis; Aspergillus brasiliensis; Candida albicans; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Lacazia loboi; Streptococcus agalactiae; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Gardnerella vaginalis; Fannyhessea vaginae (Atopobium vaginae); Epidermophyton floccosum; Trichophyton rubrum; Streptococcus mutans; Fusobacterium nucleatum; and combinations thereof.

9. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cosmetic is a cosmetic for topical application to the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal.

10. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cosmetic is selected from the group consisting of body deodorant care products, skin care and cleansing products, intimate care and cleansing products, foot care and cleansing products, and oral care products.

11. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cosmetic further comprises (i) one or more 1,2-alkanediols, and / or (ii) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of dimethyl phenylbutanol, glyceryl caprylate, and farnesol.

12. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the one or more 1,2-alkanediols are 1,2-alkanediols selected from the group consisting of 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-octanediol, and 1,2-decanediol.

13. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the one or more 1,2-alkanediols are 1,2-alkanediol selected from the group consisting of 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-octanediol, and 1,2-decanediol.

14. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the one or more 1,2-alkanediols are 1,2-octanediol.

15. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the cosmetic comprises: 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3-hydroxypropyl undecylenate; or glyceryl monocaprylate and 3-hydroxypropyl undecylenate; or 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and glyceryl monoundecylenate; or 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and glyceryl monocaprylate.

16. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the cosmetic comprises 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and glyceryl monocaprylate.

17. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the cosmetic comprises: 1,2-pentanediol, and one or more of 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3-hydroxypropyl undecylenate; or 1,2-hexanediol, and one or more of 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3-hydroxypropyl undecylenate; or 1,2-octanediol, and one or more of 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3-hydroxypropyl undecylenate; or 1,2-decanediol, and one or more of 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3-hydroxypropyl undecylenate.

18. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the cosmetic comprises: 1,2-pentanediol and 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate; or 1,2-hexanediol and 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate; or 1,2-octanediol and 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate; or 1,2-decanediol and 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate.

19. A cosmetic for use in a method of antibacterial treatment of a mammal, i.e., topically applying the cosmetic to the skin or mucous membrane of the mammal, at least in the area of the skin or mucous membrane infected with microorganisms, the cosmetic comprising: a fatty acid ester; or a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters, wherein the fatty acid ester, or at least one of the two or more fatty acid esters in the mixture, is selected from the group consisting of 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3-hydroxypropyl undecylenate. wherein the cosmetic further comprises (i) one or more 1,2-alkanediols, and / or (ii) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of dimethylphenylbutanol, glyceryl caprylate, and farnesol.

20. The cosmetic for use according to claim 19, wherein the mixture consists of two or more fatty acid esters.

21. The cosmetic for use according to claim 19, wherein one of the fatty acid esters, or more of the fatty acid esters, is 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate.

22. The cosmetic for use according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the anti-microbial treatment is a treatment for a condition or infection of the skin or mucous membrane involving an excess of microorganisms, at least in the skin or mucous membrane area.

23. The cosmetic for use according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of microorganisms of the natural microbiota of the skin or mucous membrane of a mammal.

24. The cosmetic for use according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of: microorganisms from the genus Staphylococcus; Corynebacterium; Aspergillus brasiliensis; Candida; Escherichia; Peptoniphilus; Streptococcus; Lactobacillus; Gardnerella; Fannyhessea; Epidermophyton; Trichophyton; Clostridium; and combinations thereof.

25. The cosmetic for use according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of: Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus hominis; Corynebacterium xerosis; Aspergillus brasiliensis; Candida albicans; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Lacazia loboi; Streptococcus agalactiae; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Gardnerella vaginalis; Fannyhessea vaginae (Atopobium vaginae); Epidermophyton floccosum; Trichophyton rubrum; Streptococcus mutans; Fusobacterium nucleatum; and combinations thereof.

26. The cosmetic for use according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the cosmetic is as defined in any one of claims 9, 10, 12 to 14, and 17.

27. A cosmetic, comprising: a fatty acid ester; or a mixture comprising two or more fatty acid esters, wherein at least one of the fatty acid esters, or two or more of the fatty acid esters in the mixture, is selected from the group consisting of 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3-hydroxypropyl undecenoate, wherein the cosmetic further comprises (i) one or more 1,2-alkanediols, and / or (ii) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of dimethylphenylbutanol, glyceryl caprylate, and farnesol.

28. The cosmetic according to claim 27, wherein the mixture consists of two or more fatty acid esters.

29. The cosmetic according to claim 27, wherein one of the fatty acid esters, or more of the fatty acid esters, is 3-hydroxypropyl octanoate.

30. The cosmetic according to any one of claims 27 to 29, wherein the total amount of one or more fatty acid esters comprised in the cosmetic is sufficient to satisfy (i) and / or (ii): (i) Inhibit the growth of microorganisms on the skin or mucous membranes of mammals; (ii) Protect the cosmetic product from the influence of microbial growth.

31. The cosmetic product according to claim 30, wherein the total amount of one or more fatty acid esters contained in the cosmetic product is also sufficient to meet (iii) and / or (iv) and / or (v): (iii) Modify the physicochemical properties of the cosmetic product; (iv) Improve the sensory properties of the cosmetic product on the skin or mucous membranes of mammals; (v) Balance and / or reduce sebum reduction.

32. The cosmetic product according to any one of claims 27 to 29, wherein the cosmetic product is as defined in any one of claims 9, 10, 12 to 14 and 17 to 19.

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