A large spool automatic transport and wheel changing system

Abstract

The present invention provides an automatic transportation and wheel changing system for large I-shaped wheels. Steel guide rails are laid on the aisle of a machine tool workshop, and a wheel changing rail car that can automatically run on the steel guide rails is designed, wherein a plurality of large I-shaped wheel storage areas are arranged on the wheel changing rail car. When an empty wheel sensor on a large I-shaped wheel pay-off rack at a certain equipment gives an alarm, the wheel changing rail car automatically runs to a specified position along the steel guide rails, and then a large I-shaped wheel picking and placing device on the wheel changing rail car first takes out the empty large I-shaped wheel from the large I-shaped wheel pay-off rack, and then transports the fully loaded large I-shaped wheel on the wheel changing rail car to the large I-shaped wheel pay-off rack. The whole process is fully automated and human-free. Through this invention, the labor intensity of employees is reduced and the degree of automation of production logistics is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of steel wire drawing production, and in particular relates to an automatic transportation and wheel changing system for large I-shaped wheels. Background Art

[0002] All existing metal wire production starts with coarse-gauge wire rods entering the factory, and then undergoes pre-treatment, rough drawing, medium drawing, heat treatment, wet drawing and other process steps until the required specifications of steel wire are produced. In this process, the steel wire circulation of each process is involved. The industry uses large I-spools as carriers and containers for the steel wire, and uses forklifts and other transportation tools to connect the logistics of the previous process of wire taking-up and the next process of wire laying. The operator then changes the wire laying I-spool according to the parking conditions of each machine tool. The semi-finished I-spools used for circulation are relatively heavy. Taking the 800 I-spool with a diameter of 800mm and a height of 600mm as an example, the weight of the wheel after being fully loaded with steel wire is about 1.2 tons.

[0003] Existing transportation tools such as forklifts can only transport semi-finished I-shaped wheels to the vicinity of the machine tool that needs to be replaced. First, the operator takes out the empty large I-shaped wheel on the wire-paying machine, and then moves and shifts the fully loaded large I-shaped wheel and rolls it onto the wire-paying rack. Because the fully loaded large I-shaped wheel is heavy, the operator's physical labor intensity is high and the efficiency is low during this process. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides an automatic transportation and wheel changing system for large I-shaped wheels, which is used to solve the problems of high labor intensity of operators and low degree of automation of equipment during the circulation of steel wire.

[0005] The present invention provides a large I-shaped wheel automatic transportation and wheel changing system, comprising: a workshop passage, two steel guide rails, a wheel changing rail car and a plurality of large I-shaped wheel pay-off frames, the two steel guide rails are arranged in parallel on the workshop passage along a first direction, the wheel changing rail car is movably mounted on the two steel guide rails along the first direction, the wheel changing rail car comprises an intelligent control cabinet, a transport vehicle and a plurality of large I-shaped wheel picking and placing devices, the transport vehicle comprises a transport vehicle frame, the plurality of large I-shaped wheel picking and placing devices are arranged in sequence along the first direction, and are respectively mounted on both sides of the transport vehicle frame close to the steel guide rails, and are used to pick up and place large I-shaped wheels from the large I-shaped wheel pay-off frames. The intelligent control cabinet is arranged above the transport vehicle, and is used to control the movement state of the wheel-changing rail vehicle along the first direction and control the picking and placing actions of multiple large I-shaped wheel picking and placing devices. Multiple large I-shaped wheel pay-off racks are evenly arranged on both sides of the workshop passage and are located on the outside of the two steel guide rails. The picking and placing position of each large I-shaped wheel picking and placing device is lower than the lowest position of the corresponding large I-shaped wheel pay-off rack. Each large I-shaped wheel pay-off rack is provided with an empty wheel sensor and a pay-off rack cylinder. The empty wheel sensor is communicatively connected with the intelligent control cabinet and is used to transmit an empty wheel alarm signal to the intelligent control cabinet. The pay-off rack cylinder is used to clamp and release the large I-shaped wheel.

[0006] Optionally, the large I-wheel picking and placing device includes a cylinder support 1, a picking and placing cylinder, a linear guide, a large I-wheel picking and placing frame, a linear guide bearing, a guide bearing seat, a cylinder support 2, a pin shaft and a cylinder fisheye joint. The end cover of the picking and placing cylinder is hinged on the cylinder support 1, the cylinder support 1 is fixed to the transport vehicle frame, the piston end of the picking and placing cylinder is connected to the cylinder support 2 through the cylinder fisheye joint and the pin shaft, the cylinder support 2 is fixed to the large I-wheel picking and placing frame, linear guides are respectively fixed on both sides of the large I-wheel picking and placing frame, the linear guide bearings are fixed to the transport vehicle frame through the guide bearing seats, and the large I-wheel picking and placing frame is movably connected to the transport vehicle frame through the sliding fit of the linear guide and the guide bearing.

[0007] Preferably, the large I-wheel picking and placing device further comprises two bottom rollers, and the two bottom rollers are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the front end of the large I-wheel picking and placing frame.

[0008] Optionally, the wheel-changing rail vehicle further includes two sets of obstacle avoidance sensors, which are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the transport vehicle in the moving direction.

[0009] Optionally, each group of obstacle avoidance sensors includes a main obstacle avoidance sensor and two auxiliary obstacle avoidance sensors, and the main obstacle avoidance sensor is located between the two auxiliary obstacle avoidance sensors.

[0010] Optionally, the transport vehicle includes a first side and a second side of the transport vehicle parallel to the two steel guide rails, and six large I-shaped wheel picking and placing devices are provided, three of which are used to pick up and place the large I-shaped wheels on the first side of the transport vehicle, and the other three are used to pick up and place the large I-shaped wheels on the second side of the transport vehicle.

[0011] Optionally, the transport vehicle includes a transmission chain, a servo motor, a reduction gearbox, a reduction gearbox fixing seat, a driving sprocket, an auxiliary transmission shaft assembly and a main transmission shaft assembly. The transport vehicle uses a servo motor and a reduction gearbox as power sources, and the reduction gearbox is connected to the transport vehicle frame through the reduction gearbox fixing seat. The driving sprocket is arranged on the output shaft of the reduction gearbox. The driving sprocket utilizes a transmission chain to transmit the power source to the main transmission shaft assembly and the auxiliary transmission shaft assembly to drive the wheel-changing rail vehicle forward and backward.

[0012] Preferably, both sides of the main transmission shaft assembly include a pressure cover, a limit roller and a shaft housing, and the main transmission shaft assembly also includes a transmission shaft, a driven sprocket, a spacer, a brake disc and a locking nut. The limit rollers on both sides of the main transmission shaft assembly are connected through the transmission shaft, and the driven sprocket, the spacer and the brake disc are sleeved on the transmission shaft and fastened by the locking nut.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting roller includes a roller rib, and the limiting rollers on both sides are arranged in mirror symmetry, and the roller ribs on both sides are respectively attached to the inner sides of the two steel guide rails, so as to firmly limit the wheel-changing rail vehicle on the two steel guide rails.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, after an empty wheel sensor alarm, the intelligent control cabinet can automatically control the wheel-changing rail car to run to the stopped machine tool position to realize automatic wheel changing, thereby improving the degree of automation of production workshop equipment, reducing the running distance of the original forklift and other transportation tools, improving production efficiency, reducing the waiting time for wheel changing, and reducing the labor intensity of operators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a large I-shaped wheel automatic transportation and wheel changing system in one embodiment of the present invention at one viewing angle;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a large I-shaped wheel automatic transportation and wheel changing system in another perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a large I-shaped wheel automatic transportation and wheel changing system in another perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a large I-shaped wheel picking and placing device in one embodiment of the present invention at a viewing angle;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a large I-shaped wheel picking and placing device in another viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention at a certain viewing angle;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0022] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the main transmission shaft assembly structure of a transport vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to provide a further understanding of the purpose, structure, features, and functions of the present invention, the following detailed description is given in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a large I-shaped wheel automatic transportation and wheel changing system 100 includes: a workshop channel 1, two steel guide rails 2, a wheel changing rail car 3 and a plurality of large I-shaped wheel pay-off racks 4.

[0026] Two steel guide rails 2 are arranged in parallel along a first direction X on the workshop passage 1 .

[0027] The wheel-changing rail vehicle 3 is movably mounted on two steel guide rails 2 along a first direction X. The wheel-changing rail vehicle 3 includes an intelligent control cabinet 7, a transport vehicle 8, and a plurality of large I-shaped wheel picking and placing devices 9. The transport vehicle 8 includes a transport vehicle frame 80. The plurality of large I-shaped wheel picking and placing devices 9 are sequentially arranged on the transport vehicle frame 80 along the first direction X. Each large I-shaped wheel picking and placing device 9 is mounted on both sides of the transport vehicle frame 80 and is used to take the large I-shaped wheel 5 from the large I-shaped wheel pay-off frame 4. The intelligent control cabinet 7 is arranged above the transport vehicle 8 and is used to control the movement state of the wheel-changing rail vehicle 3 along the first direction X and control the picking and placing actions of the plurality of large I-shaped wheel picking and placing devices 9.

[0028] A plurality of large I-shaped wheel pay-off racks 4 are evenly arranged on both sides of the workshop passage 1 and located on the outside of the two steel guide rails 2. The pick-up and placement position of each large I-shaped wheel picking and placing device 9 is lower than the lowest position of the large I-shaped wheel pay-off rack 4 to ensure that the large I-shaped wheel picking and placing device 9 can be unimpededly extended to the bottom of the large I-shaped wheel pay-off rack 4 to take out the large I-shaped wheel 5. Each large I-shaped wheel pay-off rack 4 is provided with an empty wheel sensor 41 and a pay-off rack cylinder 42. The empty wheel sensor 41 is communicatively connected with the intelligent control cabinet 7 to transmit an empty wheel alarm signal to the intelligent control cabinet 7. After receiving the alarm signal, the intelligent control cabinet 7 controls the wheel-changing rail car 3 to perform a wheel-changing operation. The pay-off rack cylinder 42 is used to clamp a fully loaded large I-shaped wheel and release an unloaded large I-shaped wheel. In addition, the intelligent control cabinet 7 can be connected to the production big data network to obtain the expected stop time of each machine tool, and the required fully loaded large I-shaped wheels can be transported to the location of the machine tool expected to stop in advance via the wheel changing rail car 3. When the empty wheel alarm signal is received, it will automatically run to the large I-shaped wheel pay-off frame of the alarm machine tool to perform wheel changing operation. This setting helps to further improve production efficiency.

[0029] Optional, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the large I-shaped wheel picking and placing device 9 includes a cylinder support 1 90, a picking and placing cylinder 91, a linear guide 92, a large I-shaped wheel picking and placing frame 93, a linear guide bearing 94, a guide bearing seat 95, a cylinder support 2 96, a pin 97 and a cylinder fisheye joint 98. The end cover of the picking and placing cylinder 91 is hinged on the cylinder support 1 90, and the cylinder support 1 90 is fixed on the transport vehicle frame 80. The piston end of the picking and placing cylinder 91 is connected to the cylinder support 2 96 through the cylinder fisheye joint 98 and the pin 97. The cylinder support 2 96 is fixed on the large I-shaped wheel picking and placing frame 93, the linear guide 92 is fixed on both sides of the large I-shaped wheel picking and placing frame 93, the linear guide bearing 94 is fixed on the transport vehicle frame 80 through the guide bearing seat 95, and the large I-shaped wheel picking and placing frame 93 is movably connected to the transport vehicle frame 80 through the linear guide 92. Such a large I-shaped wheel taking and placing device 9 has a simple structure and an ingenious design, and can quickly and conveniently perform the taking and placing operation of the large I-shaped wheel.

[0030] Preferably, the large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement device 9 also includes two bottom rollers 99, which are arranged at the bottom of both sides of the front end of the large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement frame 93. The bottom rollers 99 can effectively ensure that the large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement frame 93 is more stable during operation and improve the service life of the cylinder.

[0031] Optional, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the wheel-changing rail vehicle 3 also includes two groups of obstacle avoidance sensors 6, which are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the transport vehicle 8 in the moving direction. Preferably, each group of obstacle avoidance sensors 6 includes a main obstacle avoidance sensor 61 and two auxiliary obstacle avoidance sensors 62, and the main obstacle avoidance sensor 61 is located between the two auxiliary obstacle avoidance sensors 62. In this way, it can be ensured that the wheel-changing rail vehicle 3 can stop and avoid obstacles in time when encountering obstacles in the front position during the forward and backward processes, thereby improving safety.

[0032] Optional, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the transport vehicle 8 includes a first side 81 and a second side 82 of the transport vehicle parallel to the two steel guide rails 2, and six large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement devices 9 are provided, three of which are used to pick up and place the large I-shaped wheels on the first side 81 of the transport vehicle, corresponding to the A1, A2 and A3 stations respectively, and the other three are used to pick up and place the large I-shaped wheels on the second side 82 of the transport vehicle, corresponding to the B1, B2 and B3 stations respectively. This setting can well balance efficiency and cost. Such a quantity setting can improve production efficiency while taking into account the limitations of the use space.

[0033] Optionally, the transport vehicle 8 includes a transmission chain 83, a servo motor 84, a reduction box 85, a reduction box fixing seat 86, a driving sprocket 87, an auxiliary transmission shaft assembly 88 and a main transmission shaft assembly 89. The transport vehicle 8 uses the servo motor 84 and the reduction box 85 as a power source, and the reduction box 85 is connected and fixed to the transport vehicle frame 83 through the reduction box fixing seat 86. The driving sprocket 87 is set on the output shaft of the reduction box 85. The driving sprocket 87 uses the transmission chain 82 to transmit the power source to the auxiliary transmission shaft assembly 88 and the main transmission shaft assembly 89 to drive the wheel-changing rail vehicle 3 to move forward and backward. Such a driving structure can smoothly and conveniently realize the forward and backward movement of the wheel-changing rail vehicle 3.

[0034] Preferably, Figure 8 As shown, both sides of the main transmission shaft assembly 89 include a pressure cover 21, a roller 22 and a shaft housing 23. The main transmission shaft assembly 89 also includes a transmission shaft 24, a driven sprocket 25, a spacer 26, a brake disc 27 and a locking nut 28. The rollers 22 on both sides are fixed to both sides of the transmission shaft 24 by the pressure cover 21 and the shaft housing 23 respectively. The driven sprocket 25, the spacer 26 and the brake disc 27 are sleeved on the transmission shaft 24 and fastened by the locking nut 28, which effectively ensures the stability of power transmission.

[0035] Preferably, the roller 22 includes a roller rib 221, and the rollers 22 on both sides are arranged in a mirror image, and the roller ribs 221 on both sides are attached to the inner sides of the two steel guide rails 2. In this way, the wheel-changing rail vehicle 3 can be firmly restricted on the two steel guide rails 2 to avoid derailment.

[0036] The workflow of an embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0037] When the automatic transport and wheel changing system 100 for large I-shaped wheels starts working, the wheel changing rail car 3 is first stopped at the end of the workshop passage 1, and four fully loaded large I-shaped wheels are hoisted to the A2, A3, B2, and B3 positions in sequence, with A1 and B1 being reserved positions for grabbing empty large I-shaped wheels.

[0038] When an empty wheel sensor 41 alarms somewhere on the steel guide rail 2 near the first side 81 of the transport vehicle, the intelligent control cabinet 7 will control the wheel-changing rail vehicle 3 to quickly move toward the large I-shaped wheel pay-off rack 4 at the alarm location, and slow down in advance when approaching the target until the large I-shaped wheel picking and placing device 9 at A1 is aligned with the center of the large I-shaped wheel pay-off rack 4 at the alarm location.

[0039] Then the pick-up and release cylinder 91 on the large I-shaped wheel pick-up and release device 9 drives the large I-shaped wheel pick-up and release frame 93 to stay just below the empty large I-shaped wheel on the large I-shaped wheel pay-off frame 4. At this time, the pay-off frame cylinder 42 releases and releases the empty large I-shaped wheel, which falls steadily on the large I-shaped wheel pick-up and release frame 93. Then the pick-up and release cylinder 91 retracts, so that the empty large I-shaped wheel stays at the wheel-changing rail car A1. At this time, the action process of grabbing the empty large I-shaped wheel is completed.

[0040] Then the intelligent control cabinet 7 drives the wheel-changing rail vehicle 3 to operate, so that the large I-shaped wheel picking and placing device 9 at A2 is aligned with the center of the large I-shaped wheel pay-off frame 4 at the alarm point just now, and then the picking and placing cylinder 31 of the large I-shaped wheel picking and placing device 9 at A2 drives the large I-shaped wheel picking and placing frame 93 equipped with a full load of large I-shaped wheels to extend to the bottom of the large I-shaped wheel pay-off frame 4. When the pay-off frame cylinder 42 drives the fully loaded large I-shaped wheel to be clamped on the large I-shaped wheel pay-off frame 4, the picking and placing cylinder 93 retracts, and the fully loaded large I-shaped wheel clamping action process ends.

[0041] When an empty wheel sensor 41 alarms at another location of the steel guide rail 2 close to the first side 81 of the transport vehicle, the empty large I-shaped wheel 5 is first grabbed at A2, and then the fully loaded large I-shaped wheel 5 is transported at A3.

[0042] Similarly, when the idle wheel sensor 41 at the steel guide rail 2 near the second side 82 of the transport vehicle alarms, the same treatment is performed.

[0043] When the A1, A2, B1, and B2 stations are loaded with empty large I-shaped wheels, the wheel-changing rail vehicle 3 returns to the end of the workshop passage 1, and the four empty large I-shaped wheels are lifted away by the lifting tools.

[0044] The present invention provides an automatic transportation and wheel changing system for large I-shaped wheels. After an empty wheel sensor alarms, the intelligent control cabinet can automatically control the wheel changing rail vehicle to run to the stopped machine tool position to realize automatic wheel changing, thereby improving the degree of automation of production workshop equipment, reducing the running distance of original forklifts and other transportation tools, improving production efficiency, reducing the waiting time for wheel changing, and reducing the labor intensity of operators.

[0045] The present invention has been described by the above-mentioned relevant embodiments, however, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for implementing the present invention. It must be pointed out that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. On the contrary, changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are all within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large spool automatic transport and wheel changing system, characterized in that: include: Workshop passage, two steel guide rails, wheel-changing railcar and multiple large I-spool pay-off stands; The two steel guide rails are arranged in parallel on the workshop passage along a first direction; The wheel-changing rail vehicle is movably mounted on the two steel guide rails along the first direction. The wheel-changing rail vehicle comprises an intelligent control cabinet, a transport vehicle and a plurality of large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement devices. The transport vehicle comprises a transport vehicle frame. The plurality of large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement devices are arranged in sequence along the first direction and are respectively mounted on the transport vehicle frame on both sides close to the steel guide rails, and are used to take large I-shaped wheels from the large I-shaped wheel pay-off frame. The intelligent control cabinet is arranged above the transport vehicle, and is used to control the movement state of the wheel-changing rail vehicle along the first direction and control the pick-up and placement actions of the plurality of large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement devices. The plurality of large I-shaped wheel pay-off racks are evenly arranged on both sides of the workshop passage and located outside the two steel guide rails. The pick-up and placement position of each large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement device is lower than the lowest position of the corresponding large I-shaped wheel pay-off rack. Each large I-shaped wheel pay-off rack is provided with an empty wheel sensor and a pay-off rack cylinder. The empty wheel sensor is communicatively connected with the intelligent control cabinet to transmit an empty wheel alarm signal to the intelligent control cabinet. The pay-off rack cylinder is used to clamp and release the large I-shaped wheel. The large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement device comprises a cylinder support 1, a pick-up and placement cylinder, a linear guide rail, a large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement frame, a linear guide rail bearing, a guide rail bearing seat, a cylinder support 2, a pin shaft and a cylinder fisheye joint. The end cover of the pick-up and placement cylinder is hinged on the cylinder support 1, the cylinder support 1 is fixed to the transport vehicle frame, the piston end of the pick-up and placement cylinder is connected to the cylinder support 2 through the cylinder fisheye joint and the pin shaft, the cylinder support 2 is fixed to the large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement frame, the linear guide rails are respectively fixed on both sides of the large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement frame, the linear guide rail bearing is fixed to the transport vehicle frame through the guide rail bearing seat, and the large I-shaped wheel pick-up and placement frame is movably connected to the transport vehicle frame through the sliding cooperation of the linear guide rail and the guide rail bearing; The transport vehicle includes a first side of the transport vehicle and a second side of the transport vehicle parallel to the two steel guide rails. The plurality of large I-shaped wheel picking and placing devices are provided with six, three of which are used for picking and placing the large I-shaped wheels on the first side of the transport vehicle, and the other three are used for picking and placing the large I-shaped wheels on the second side of the transport vehicle. The transport vehicle includes a transmission chain, a servo motor, a reduction box, a reduction box fixing seat, a driving sprocket, an auxiliary transmission shaft assembly and a main transmission shaft assembly. The transport vehicle adopts the servo motor and the reduction box as power sources, and the reduction box is connected to the transport vehicle frame through the reduction box fixing seat. The driving sprocket is arranged on the output shaft of the reduction box. The driving sprocket uses the transmission chain to transmit the power source to the main transmission shaft assembly and the auxiliary transmission shaft assembly to drive the wheel-changing rail vehicle forward and backward.

2. The large spool automatic transport and wheel changing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large I-shaped wheel picking and placing device also includes two bottom rollers, and the two bottom rollers are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the front end of the large I-shaped wheel picking and placing frame.

3. The large spool automatic transport and wheel changing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel-changing rail vehicle also includes two groups of obstacle avoidance sensors, which are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the transport vehicle in the moving direction.

4. The large spool automatic transport and wheel changing system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Each group of obstacle avoidance sensors includes a main obstacle avoidance sensor and two auxiliary obstacle avoidance sensors, and the main obstacle avoidance sensor is located between the two auxiliary obstacle avoidance sensors.

5. The large spool automatic transport and wheel changing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the main transmission shaft assembly include a pressure cover, a limiting roller and a shaft housing. The main transmission shaft assembly also includes a transmission shaft, a driven sprocket, a spacer, a brake disc and a locking nut. The limiting rollers on both sides of the main transmission shaft assembly are connected through the transmission shaft, and the driven sprocket, the spacer and the brake disc are sleeved on the transmission shaft and fastened by the locking nut.

6. The large spool automatic transport and wheel changing system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting roller includes a roller rib, and the limiting rollers on both sides are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner. The roller ribs on both sides are respectively attached to the inner sides of the two steel guide rails, and the wheel-changing rail vehicle is firmly restricted on the two steel guide rails.

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