High frequency and high intensity sound field test hydrophone

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-frequency and high-intensity sound field test hydrophone, comprising an acoustic medium rod, wherein an elastic washer 1 is arranged at the upper end of the acoustic medium rod, an elastic washer 2 is arranged at the lower end of the acoustic medium rod, the surfaces of the elastic washer 1 and the elastic washer 2 are both fixedly connected with a hydrophone upper shell, and the bottom of the hydrophone upper shell is fixedly connected with a hydrophone lower shell. The present invention improves the traditional sound field to the MHz and MP level sound field accuracy test improved hydrophone by arranging an acoustic medium rod and a rod-type variable amplitude design of sensitive surface and acoustic-electric conversion, and by arranging an elastic washer 1 and an elastic washer 2, the support between the acoustic medium rod and the hydrophone upper shell is a longitudinal degree of freedom non-damping type support, ensuring that the mechanical vibration wave of the acoustic medium rod is distorted and has little loss, and by arranging the hydrophone upper shell and the hydrophone lower shell, in combination with the acoustic medium rod and the full absorption method outside the effective sensitive surface position in the acoustic-electric structure, the distortion of the original water sound field is guaranteed to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sound field testing hydrophones, in particular to a high-frequency and high-sound-intensity sound field testing hydrophone. Background Art

[0002] A transducer that converts acoustic signals into electrical signals and is used to receive acoustic signals in water is called a receiving transducer, also often called a hydrophone. Hydrophones are widely used in underwater communications, exploration, target positioning, tracking, etc. They are important components of sonar. Underwater detection, identification, communication, as well as marine environmental monitoring and the development of marine resources are all inseparable from hydroacoustic transducers.

[0003] The difficulty in the current high-frequency and high-intensity sound field distribution test lies in the fact that the lateral size of the hydrophone's receiving device is comparable to the equivalent radius of the high-frequency sound wave, and the piezoelectric ceramic piece receiving transducer is not easy to implement in engineering. In addition, the dynamic linearity of high sound intensity on a small-area piezoelectric piece is close to the saturation zone. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-frequency and high-intensity sound field test hydrophone, which has the advantage of full sound field measurement and solves the difficulties of the current high-frequency and high-intensity sound field distribution test. The lateral size of the hydrophone's receiving device is comparable to the equivalent radius of the high-frequency sound wave, and the piezoelectric ceramic piece receiving transducer is not easy to realize in engineering. In addition, the dynamic linearity of high sound intensity on a small-area piezoelectric piece is close to the saturation zone.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a high-frequency and high-intensity sound field test hydrophone, comprising an acoustic medium rod, an elastic gasket 1 is arranged at the upper end of the acoustic medium rod, and an elastic gasket 2 is arranged at the lower end of the acoustic medium rod, the surfaces of the elastic gasket 1 and the elastic gasket 2 are fixedly connected to the hydrophone upper shell, the bottom of the hydrophone upper shell is fixedly connected to the hydrophone lower shell, a piezoelectric transducer is arranged at the bottom of the acoustic medium rod and in the inner cavity of the hydrophone upper shell, the end of the piezoelectric transducer away from the hydrophone upper shell passes through the hydrophone lower shell and extends to the outside of the hydrophone lower shell, a sealant is arranged on the top of the hydrophone upper shell, and the sealant is located directly above the elastic gasket 1.

[0006] Preferably, the top of the acoustic medium rod is a rigid amplitude transformer.

[0007] Preferably, the acoustic medium rod is an inverted gradient rod.

[0008] Preferably, the outer shell of the hydrophone upper shell is in an inverted shape that is thin at the top and thick at the bottom.

[0009] Preferably, the acoustic medium rod, the hydrophone upper shell and the hydrophone lower shell form a sound absorption room.

[0010] Preferably, the length of the acoustic medium rod is 62.8 mm, the diameter of the bottom of the acoustic medium rod is 12 mm, and the diameter of the top of the acoustic medium rod is 1.2 mm.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. The present invention improves the traditional sound field to the sound field accuracy test of MHz and MP level by setting an acoustic medium rod and a rod-type variable amplitude design of sensitive surface and acoustic-electric conversion. By setting elastic gasket 1 and elastic gasket 2, the support between the acoustic medium rod and the upper shell of the hydrophone is a longitudinal degree of freedom non-damping type support, ensuring that the mechanical vibration wave of the acoustic medium rod is distorted and has little loss. By setting the upper shell and the lower shell of the hydrophone, the full absorption method other than the effective sensitive surface position in the acoustic medium rod and the acoustic-electric structure is coordinated to maximize the distortion of the original water sound field. By setting a piezoelectric transducer, the sound pressure of the sound wave after the above quasi-linear change can be converted into an electrical signal. By setting a sealant, the sealing of the equipment is increased, thereby solving the difficulties of the current high-frequency and high-intensity sound field distribution test, that is, the lateral size of the receiving device of the hydrophone is comparable to the equivalent radius of the high-frequency sound wave, and the piezoelectric ceramic plate receiving transducer engineering is not easy to realize. In addition, the dynamic linearity of high sound intensity on a small-area piezoelectric plate is close to the saturation zone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the acoustic medium rod of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure: 1. acoustic medium rod; 2. elastic gasket 1; 3. elastic gasket 2; 4. hydrophone upper shell; 5. hydrophone lower shell; 6. piezoelectric transducer; 7. sealant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The acoustic medium rod 1, elastic gasket 1 2, elastic gasket 2 3, hydrophone upper shell 4, hydrophone lower shell 5, piezoelectric transducer 6 and sealant 7 components of the present invention are all universal standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can be known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods.

[0018] See also Figure 1-2 A high-frequency and high-intensity sound field test hydrophone comprises an acoustic medium rod 1, an elastic washer 2 is arranged at the upper end of the acoustic medium rod 1, an elastic washer 2 is arranged at the lower end of the acoustic medium rod 1, an upper shell 4 of the hydrophone is fixedly connected to the surface of the elastic washer 2 and the elastic washer 2 3, a lower shell 5 of the hydrophone is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper shell 4 of the hydrophone, a piezoelectric transducer 6 is arranged at the bottom of the acoustic medium rod 1 and in the inner cavity of the upper shell 4 of the hydrophone, and an end of the piezoelectric transducer 6 away from the upper shell 4 of the hydrophone penetrates the lower shell of the hydrophone 5 and extends to the outside of the lower shell 5 of the hydrophone, the top of the upper shell 4 of the hydrophone is provided with a sealant 7, and the sealant 7 is located directly above the elastic gasket 1 2. By providing the acoustic medium rod 1, the rod-type amplitude design of the sensitive surface and the acoustic-electric conversion is used to improve the traditional sound field to the MHz and MP level of the sound field accuracy test improved hydrophone, and by providing the elastic gasket 1 2 and the elastic gasket 2 3, the support between the acoustic medium rod 1 and the upper shell 4 of the hydrophone is a longitudinal degree of freedom non-damping type support, ensuring that the acoustic medium rod 1 The mechanical vibration wave is less distorted and lost. By setting the upper shell 4 and the lower shell 5 of the hydrophone, cooperating with the full absorption method other than the effective sensitive surface position in the acoustic-electric structure of the acoustic medium rod 1, the distortion of the original water sound field is guaranteed to the maximum extent. By setting the piezoelectric transducer 6, the sound pressure of the sound wave after the above quasi-linear change can be converted into an electrical signal. By setting the sealant 7, the sealing of the equipment is increased, thereby solving the difficulty of the current high-frequency and high-intensity sound field distribution test. The lateral size of the receiving device of the hydrophone is comparable to the equivalent radius of the high-frequency sound wave, and the piezoelectric ceramic piece is not easy to realize the receiving transducer engineering. In addition, the dynamic linearity of high sound intensity on a small-area piezoelectric piece is close to the saturation zone.

[0019] Specifically, the top of the acoustic medium rod 1 is a rigid horn. By setting the top of the acoustic medium rod 1 as a rigid horn, the physical size of the acoustic medium rod 1 is constrained to be comparable to the ultrasonic working wavelength.

[0020] Specifically, the shape of the acoustic medium rod 1 is an inverted tapered horn rod. By setting the shape of the acoustic medium rod 1 to an inverted tapered horn rod, the ultrasonic mechanical wave at the bottom of the horn rod still maintains the original mechanical vibration form, and only the relative amplitude is weakened due to the expansion of the lateral area, but it is still a linear change.

[0021] Specifically, the outer shell shape of the hydrophone upper shell 4 is an inverted thin-top and thick-bottom shape. By setting the outer shell shape of the hydrophone upper shell 4 to an inverted thin-top and thick-bottom shape, the device can cooperate with the piezoelectric transducer 6 to solve the sensitive aperture section and high sound pressure dynamic linearity requirements.

[0022] Specifically, the acoustic medium rod 1, the hydrophone upper shell 4 and the hydrophone lower shell 5 form a sound absorption room. By setting the sound absorption room composed of the acoustic medium rod 1, the hydrophone upper shell 4 and the hydrophone lower shell 5, the sound waves incident on its outer surface from the transducer are absorbed and no longer reflected when it is working, thereby reducing the distribution distortion of the original water sound field.

[0023] Specifically, the length of the sound medium rod 1 is 62.8 mm, the diameter of the bottom of the sound medium rod 1 is 12 mm, and the diameter of the top of the sound medium rod 1 is 1.2 mm. By setting the size of the sound medium rod 1, it is convenient to receive the sound field energy in a small spatial range of the sound field in real time and truly reflect its transient process.

[0024] When in use, the device is placed in a test environment. The hydrophone can be used for underwater acoustic field testing with a high-frequency focal distribution and a special large dynamic sound pressure change by means of the cooperation of the acoustic medium rod 1, the upper shell 4 of the hydrophone, the lower shell 5 of the hydrophone and the piezoelectric transducer 6, and can measure its three-dimensional sound field distribution. At the same time, under the action of the elastic gasket 1 2 and the elastic gasket 2 3, the mechanical vibration wave of the dielectric rod is guaranteed to be less distorted and lost, so that a low-noise receiving directional diagram of effective sound energy transmitted by the dielectric rod is drawn, solving the problem of wide-angle response. Due to the use of a large dynamic linear hydrophone, it can be used in water The field distribution of -26dB to -30dB is measured in the sound field, and the current technology is able to measure the total sound power of the entire sound field. Therefore, through the digital processing of the hydrophone relative to the measured field distribution, a certain accuracy can be obtained to calibrate the sound pressure sensitivity of the hydrophone, thereby solving the current difficulties in the high-frequency and high-intensity sound field distribution test. The difficulty lies in the lateral size of the hydrophone's receiving device, and the piezoelectric ceramic piece compared with the equivalent radius of the high-frequency sound wave. The receiving transducer is not easy to realize in engineering. In addition, the dynamic linearity of high sound intensity on a small-area piezoelectric piece is close to the saturation zone.

[0025] The standard parts used in this application document can all be purchased from the market and can be customized according to the description in the specification and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art. The control method is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented through simple programming by technicians in this field, which is common knowledge in the field. This application is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so this application no longer explains the control method and circuit connection in detail.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-frequency and high-intensity sound field test hydrophone, comprising an acoustic medium rod (1), Features: The top of the acoustic medium rod (1) is a rigid amplitude-changing rod, the upper end of the acoustic medium rod (1) is provided with an elastic washer 1 (2), the lower end of the acoustic medium rod (1) is provided with an elastic washer 2 (3), the surfaces of the elastic washer 1 (2) and the elastic washer 2 (3) are both fixedly connected to a hydrophone upper shell (4), the outer shell shape of the hydrophone upper shell (4) is an inverted thin-top and thick-bottom shape, the bottom of the hydrophone upper shell (4) is fixedly connected to a hydrophone lower shell (5), the bottom of the acoustic medium rod (1) and located in the inner cavity of the hydrophone upper shell (4) is provided with a piezoelectric transducer (6), the end of the piezoelectric transducer (6) away from the hydrophone upper shell (4) penetrates the hydrophone lower shell (5) and extends to the outside of the hydrophone lower shell (5), the top of the hydrophone upper shell (4) is provided with a sealant (7), and the sealant (7) is located directly above the elastic washer 1 (2).

2. The high-frequency and high-intensity sound field test hydrophone according to claim 1, Features: The acoustic medium rod (1) is an inverted gradually variable amplitude rod.

3. The high-frequency and high-intensity sound field test hydrophone according to claim 1, Features: The acoustic medium rod (1), the hydrophone upper shell (4) and the hydrophone lower shell (5) form a sound absorption room.

4. The high-frequency and high-intensity sound field test hydrophone according to claim 1, Features: The length of the acoustic medium rod (1) is 62.8 mm, the diameter of the bottom of the acoustic medium rod (1) is 12 mm, and the diameter of the top of the acoustic medium rod (1) is 1.2 mm.

Images