A damper

Abstract

The application provides a damper and relates to the field of dampers. The damper comprises a first base for mounting a weight, a second base in rotational connection with the first base, a fourth base, and a third base slidingly arranged on the fourth base; the third base is provided with a second damping device for impeding transverse movement and vertical movement of the second base; and the fourth base is provided with a third damping device for impeding longitudinal movement of the third base. The fourth mounting base of the damper can be fixed to a bridge or a building such as a house. When an earthquake occurs, transverse waves and longitudinal waves of the earthquake are transmitted to the fourth mounting base. Part of the vibration energy is absorbed by the second damping device and the third damping device, and part of the vibration energy is converted into the energy for rotating the first base around the second base, so that the building is prevented from shaking greatly. The damper has good damping effects in the transverse direction, the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction, and is convenient and practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dampers, and more specifically, to a damper. Background Technology

[0002] A damper is a device that provides resistance to motion and dissipates kinetic energy. Various types of dampers have long been used in industries such as aerospace, aviation, military, artillery, and automobiles for vibration reduction and energy dissipation. Since the 1970s, these technologies have been gradually applied to structural engineering projects such as buildings, bridges, and railways, and their development has been rapid. In particular, the hydraulic viscous damper, with over fifty years of history, underwent extensive experimentation, rigorous review, and repeated demonstrations, especially a long process of earthquake testing, before being accepted by the structural engineering community in the United States. Most existing dampers can only provide unidirectional damping effects, resulting in relatively poor damping performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a damper that can achieve damping in multiple directions with good damping effect.

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:

[0005] This application provides a damper, including a first base for mounting a heavy object, a second base rotatably connected to the first base, a fourth base, and a third base slidably disposed on the fourth base; the third base is provided with a second damping device that prevents the second base from moving laterally and vertically; the fourth base is provided with a third damping device that prevents the third base from moving longitudinally.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, the above also includes a plurality of rolling elements; the outer side wall of the first base is provided with a first slide rail, the inner side wall of the second base is provided with a second slide rail corresponding to the first slide rail, and any rolling element is movably disposed between the first slide rail and the second slide rail; the second base is provided with a first damping device that prevents the first base from rotating.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first base is provided with a mounting groove; the first damping device includes a connecting rod, a first spring located in the mounting groove, and a mounting block slidably disposed in the mounting groove; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the second base, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the mounting block; one end of the first spring is connected to the first base, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the mounting block.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the end of the mounting block away from the first spring is provided with a first magnetic block, and the first base is provided with a second magnetic block that repels the first magnetic block.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second damping device includes a second spring and a pair of damping components. The second spring is located between the pair of damping components, and both ends of the second spring are connected to the damping components. One end of the damping component is connected to the second base, and the other end of the damping component is connected to the third base.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, any of the above-mentioned vibration damping components includes a first support rod, a second support rod, a connecting shaft, and a first hydraulic rod; one end of the first support rod is hinged to a second base, and the other end of the first support rod is hinged to the connecting shaft; one end of the second support rod is hinged to the connecting shaft, and the other end of the second support rod is hinged to a third base; one end of the first hydraulic rod is hinged to the connecting shaft, and the other end of the first hydraulic rod is hinged to the third base; a second spring is located between a pair of connecting shafts, and both ends of the second spring are connected to the connecting shafts.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fourth base is provided with a sliding groove, and the third base is provided with a slider that cooperates with the sliding groove.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the third damping device includes a second hydraulic rod and a third spring, one end of the second hydraulic rod and one end of the third spring are both connected to a third base, and the other end of the second hydraulic rod and the other end of the third spring are both connected to a fourth base.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the above also includes a plurality of fasteners for mounting a fourth base, the fourth base being provided with mounting holes that mate with the fasteners.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0015] The fourth mounting base of this invention can be fixed to structures such as bridges or buildings. When an earthquake strikes, the transverse and longitudinal waves of the earthquake are transmitted to the fourth mounting base. Part of the vibration energy causes the third mounting base to slide longitudinally relative to the fourth mounting base, part of the vibration energy causes the second mounting base to move laterally and vertically relative to the third mounting base, and part of the vibration energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the first mounting base rotating relative to the second mounting base. The third damping device can absorb part of the vibration energy transmitted between the third and fourth mounting bases, while the second damping device can absorb the vibration energy transmitted between the second and third mounting bases, ultimately ensuring that the building does not experience significant swaying. The damper of this invention has good damping effects in the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical directions, and is convenient and practical. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the damper in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a top view of the damper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the first and second mounting bases according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first mounting base and the second mounting base according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Icons: 1-First base; 2-Second base; 3-Third base; 4-Fourth base; 5-Rolling element; 6-Mounting slot; 7-Connecting rod; 8-First spring; 9-Mounting block; 10-First magnetic block; 11-Second magnetic block; 12-Second spring; 13-First support rod; 14-Second support rod; 15-Connecting shaft; 16-First hydraulic rod; 17-Slider; 18-Second hydraulic rod; 19-Third spring; 20-Fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0023] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0024] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationships commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" means at least two.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1-4 This embodiment provides a damper, including a first base 1 for mounting a heavy object, a second base 2 rotatably connected to the first base 1, a fourth base 4, and a third base 3 slidably disposed on the fourth base 4; the third base 3 is provided with a second damping device that prevents the second base 2 from moving laterally and vertically; the fourth base 4 is provided with a third damping device that prevents the third base 3 from moving longitudinally.

[0030] In this embodiment, the fourth mounting base is fixed to a structure such as a bridge or building, while a weight is fixed to the upper surface of the first mounting base. When an earthquake strikes, the transverse and longitudinal waves of the earthquake are transmitted to the building. At this time, the transverse waves may cause the third mounting base to move longitudinally relative to the fourth mounting base, and the transverse waves may also cause the second mounting base to move laterally relative to the third mounting base. Here, longitudinal refers to the y-axis direction, and lateral refers to the x-axis direction, vertical direction, and z-axis direction. The longitudinal waves of the earthquake will cause the second mounting base to move vertically relative to the third mounting base. The second damping device will prevent the second mounting base from moving laterally and vertically relative to the third mounting base, and the third damping device will prevent the third mounting base from moving longitudinally relative to the fourth mounting base. That is, the second damping device will absorb part of the energy of the transverse and longitudinal waves of the earthquake transmitted from the building, the third damping device will absorb part of the energy of the transverse waves, and some of the earthquake energy will be converted into the kinetic energy of the rotation of the first mounting base relative to the second mounting base. The reason for placing a weight on top of the first mounting base is that the weight of the weight and the first mounting base itself easily causes the first mounting base to rotate relative to the second mounting base, and also easily causes the second mounting base to move relative to the third mounting base, making it easier for the damper to absorb the energy of the earthquake. In summary, the damper of this invention ensures that the building will not experience significant swaying. The damper has good damping effects in the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical directions, and is convenient and practical.

[0031] In this embodiment, a plurality of rolling elements 5 are also included; the outer side wall of the first base 1 is provided with a first slide rail, the inner side wall of the second base 2 is provided with a second slide rail corresponding to the first slide rail, and any rolling element 5 is movably disposed between the first slide rail and the second slide rail; the second base 2 is provided with a first damping device that prevents the first base 1 from rotating.

[0032] In detail, the cooperation between the first base 1, the second base 2, and the rolling element 5 is similar to the structure of a ball bearing. When the second base 2 tilts, the first base 1 easily rotates relative to the second base 2. The rolling element 5 is spherical in shape, which reduces the friction between the first and second mounting seats. Furthermore, the rolling element 5 provides some support, transmitting the pressure of the first mounting seat on the second mounting seat to the second mounting seat. Part of the seismic energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the first mounting seat rotating relative to the second mounting seat. To further absorb seismic energy, a first damping device is installed between the first and second mounting seats. This first damping device prevents the first mounting seat from rotating relative to the second mounting seat, thus absorbing the kinetic energy of the first mounting seat's rotation.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first base 1 is provided with a mounting groove 6; the first damping device includes a connecting rod 7, a first spring 8 located in the mounting groove 6, and a mounting block 9 slidably disposed in the mounting groove 6; one end of the connecting rod 7 is hinged to the second base 2, and the other end of the connecting rod 7 is hinged to the mounting block 9; one end of the first spring 8 is connected to the first base 1, and the other end of the first spring 8 is connected to the mounting block 9.

[0034] In detail, the number of mounting slots 6, connecting rods 7, mounting blocks 9, and first springs 8 can all be two, and they are all centrally symmetrically distributed. When the first mounting base rotates relative to the first mounting seat, as... Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The image shows a bottom view of the first mounting base and the second mounting base. If the first mounting base rotates clockwise relative to the second mounting base, the mounting block 9 compresses the first spring 8. If the first mounting base rotates counterclockwise relative to the second mounting base, the mounting block 9 stretches the first spring 8. Part of the kinetic energy of the first mounting base is converted into the elastic potential energy of the first spring 8, thereby achieving a damping effect.

[0035] In one embodiment, the mounting block 9 is provided with a first magnetic block 10 at the end away from the first spring 8, and the first base 1 is provided with a second magnetic block 11 that repels the first magnetic block 10.

[0036] In detail, when the first mounting base is stationary relative to the second mounting base, the mounting block 9 is located in the middle position of the mounting groove 6. When the mounting block 9 compresses (pushes) the first spring 8, the first spring 8 will return to its original shape and squeeze the mounting block 9 to move towards the second magnetic block 11. The repulsive force between the first magnetic block 10 and the second magnetic block 11 ensures that the mounting block 9 will not have a large reciprocating motion, ensures that the connecting rod 7 will not swing rapidly and break, and also ensures that the mounting block 9 will not detach from the second mounting base due to the back-and-forth movement of the mounting block 9.

[0037] In an embodiment, the second damping device includes a second spring 12 and a pair of damping components. The second spring 12 is located between the pair of damping components, and both ends of the second spring 12 are connected to the damping components. One end of the damping component is connected to the second base 2, and the other end of the damping component is connected to the third base 3.

[0038] In detail, a pair of vibration damping components are located at both ends of the second mounting base. The vibration damping components provide some support to the second mounting base. When seismic energy is transmitted to the second mounting base, the second mounting base will move laterally and vertically relative to the third mounting base. The movement of the second mounting base is irregular, and the second mounting base will tilt to a certain extent. At this time, the second spring 12 between the vibration damping components will be stretched or compressed, thereby absorbing a certain amount of seismic energy. When the second mounting base moves upward (downward) relative to the third mounting base, the second spring 12 is compressed (stretched).

[0039] In an embodiment, any vibration damping component includes a first support rod 13, a second support rod 14, a connecting shaft 15, and a first hydraulic rod 16; one end of the first support rod 13 is hinged to the second base 2, and the other end of the first support rod 13 is hinged to the connecting shaft 15; one end of the second support rod 14 is hinged to the connecting shaft 15, and the other end of the second support rod 14 is hinged to the third base 3; one end of the first hydraulic rod 16 is hinged to the connecting shaft 15, and the other end of the first hydraulic rod 16 is hinged to the third base 3; a second spring 12 is located between a pair of connecting shafts 15, and both ends of the second spring 12 are connected to the connecting shafts 15.

[0040] In detail, the first support rod 13 and the second support rod 14 form an obtuse angle, with the obtuse angles at both ends facing each other. When the second mounting base rises relative to the third mounting base, the obtuse angle widens, the second spring 12 is compressed, and the first hydraulic rod 16 is stretched. The first hydraulic rod 16 itself has a certain damping effect. Since hydraulic rods are existing technology, their internal structure will not be described in detail here. When the second mounting base descends relative to the third mounting base, the angle between the first support rod 13 and the second support rod 14 narrows, the second spring 12 is stretched, and the first hydraulic rod 16 is compressed. The presence of the second spring 12 and the first hydraulic rod 16 ensures that the movement of the second mounting base relative to the third mounting base is not large. The second spring 12 and the first hydraulic rod 16 are the main components of the second damping device for absorbing seismic energy.

[0041] In this embodiment, the fourth base 4 is provided with a sliding groove, and the third base 3 is provided with a slider 17 that cooperates with the sliding groove.

[0042] In detail, when the third mounting seat slides relative to the fourth mounting seat, the cooperation between the slider 17 and the slide groove ensures that the third mounting seat disengages from the fourth mounting seat, resulting in irregular movement of the third mounting seat, which causes the second mounting seat and the first mounting seat to wobble significantly relative to the third mounting seat.

[0043] In this embodiment, the third damping device includes a second hydraulic rod 18 and a third spring 19. One end of the second hydraulic rod 18 and one end of the third spring 19 are both connected to the third base 3, and the other end of the second hydraulic rod 18 and the other end of the third spring 19 are both connected to the fourth base 4.

[0044] In detail, there can be multiple second hydraulic rods 18 and third springs 19, which are evenly distributed at both ends of the third mounting base. When the third mounting base moves relative to the fourth mounting base, the second hydraulic rods 18 and third springs 19 at one end of the third mounting base are compressed, and the second hydraulic rods 18 and third springs 19 at the other end of the third mounting base are stretched. The second hydraulic rods 18 and third springs 19 can absorb part of the vibration energy.

[0045] In this embodiment, a plurality of fasteners 20 for mounting the fourth base 4 are also included, and the fourth base 4 is provided with mounting holes that mate with the fasteners 20.

[0046] In detail, the fastener 20 can be a bolt, and the fit between the fastener 20 and the mounting hole can be a clearance fit. By passing the fastener 20 through the fourth mounting component and connecting it to the building, the fourth mounting base can be fixed, which makes it easier for the building to drive the entire damper to vibrate together.

[0047] In summary, embodiments of the present invention provide a damper:

[0048] It includes a first base 1 for mounting heavy objects, a second base 2 rotatably connected to the first base 1, a fourth base 4, and a third base 3 slidably disposed on the fourth base 4; the third base 3 is provided with a second damping device that prevents the second base 2 from moving laterally and vertically; the fourth base 4 is provided with a third damping device that prevents the third base 3 from moving longitudinally.

[0049] The fourth mounting base of this invention can be fixed to structures such as bridges or buildings. When an earthquake strikes, the transverse and longitudinal waves of the earthquake are transmitted to the fourth mounting base. Part of the vibration energy causes the third mounting base to slide longitudinally relative to the fourth mounting base, part of the vibration energy causes the second mounting base to move laterally and vertically relative to the third mounting base, and part of the vibration energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the first mounting base rotating relative to the second mounting base. The third damping device can absorb part of the vibration energy transmitted between the third and fourth mounting bases, while the second damping device can absorb the vibration energy transmitted between the second and third mounting bases, ultimately ensuring that the building does not experience significant swaying. The damper of this invention has good damping effects in the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical directions, and is convenient and practical.

[0050] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A damper, characterized in that, It includes a first base for mounting heavy objects, a second base rotatably connected to the first base, a fourth base, and a third base slidably disposed on the fourth base; the third base is provided with a second damping device that prevents the second base from moving laterally and vertically; the fourth base is provided with a third damping device that prevents the third base from moving longitudinally. It also includes multiple rolling elements; the outer side wall of the first base is provided with a first slide rail, and the inner side wall of the second base is provided with a second slide rail corresponding to the first slide rail; any of the rolling elements is movably disposed between the first slide rail and the second slide rail; the second base is provided with a first damping device that hinders the rotation of the first base; the first base is provided with a mounting groove; the first damping device includes a connecting rod, a first spring located in the mounting groove, and a mounting block slidably disposed in the mounting groove; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the second base, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the mounting block; one end of the first spring is connected to the first base, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the mounting block; The second damping device includes a second spring and a pair of damping components. The second spring is located between the pair of damping components, and both ends of the second spring are connected to the damping components. One end of the damping component is connected to the second base, and the other end of the damping component is connected to the third base. The fourth base is provided with a sliding groove, and the third base is provided with a slider that cooperates with the sliding groove; the third damping device includes a second hydraulic rod and a third spring, one end of the second hydraulic rod and one end of the third spring are both connected to the third base, and the other end of the second hydraulic rod and the other end of the third spring are both connected to the fourth base.

2. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting block has a first magnetic block at the end away from the first spring, and the first base has a second magnetic block that repels the first magnetic block.

3. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the vibration damping components includes a first support rod, a second support rod, a connecting shaft, and a first hydraulic rod; one end of the first support rod is hinged to the second base, and the other end of the first support rod is hinged to the connecting shaft; one end of the second support rod is hinged to the connecting shaft, and the other end of the second support rod is hinged to the third base; one end of the first hydraulic rod is hinged to the connecting shaft, and the other end of the first hydraulic rod is hinged to the third base; a second spring is located between a pair of connecting shafts, and both ends of the second spring are connected to the connecting shafts.

4. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a plurality of fasteners for mounting the fourth base, the fourth base having mounting holes that mate with the fasteners.

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