A one-dimensional phased array scanning parabolic antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a one-dimensional phased array scanning parabolic antenna, which belongs to the field of communication measurement and control technology. The antenna includes a parabolic reflector, a phase-shift gated shunt or combiner group and a feed line array, wherein the feed line array is located at the focal line of the parabolic reflector and coincides with the focal line; the phase-shift gated shunt or combiner group is connected to the feed line array through a radio frequency cable, and the input / output port at the other end is connected to an external transceiver through a cable; the phase-shift gated shunt includes a plurality of phase shifters and a plurality of gate switches; one end of each phase shifter is connected to a corresponding feed source, and the other end is connected to a corresponding gate switch; the other end of the gate switch is connected to the shunt or combiner. The present invention can achieve high gain, one-dimensional phased beam scanning and other performances, has the characteristics of simple structure, simple system composition, and fast scanning rate, and is suitable for use as a communication measurement and control antenna for large ground stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of communication measurement and control, and in particular to a one-dimensional phased array scanning parabolic antenna. Background Art

[0002] In the field of communication measurement and control, there are mainly the following types of antennas that can form high gain and scannable beams. Although each has its own characteristics in performance, they all have certain shortcomings.

[0003] 1. Parabolic antennas can achieve high gain performance, but require a mechanical rotating structure to achieve beam scanning, and the structure is complex.

[0004] 2. Phased array antennas can achieve high gain performance and realize automatic beam scanning by controlling phase shifters, but they require a large number of phase shifters, feeding networks and other devices, and the system is very complex.

[0005] 3. The conventionally designed parabolic antenna with linear feed array illumination can realize one-dimensional phased array beam scanning, but the problem is: if the reflecting surface is small, the beam illumination loss is serious during phased beam scanning and the antenna efficiency is low. In order to reduce the illumination loss, the reflecting surface size needs to be increased, which is not conducive to engineering use. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a one-dimensional phased array scanning parabolic antenna. The antenna can achieve high gain, one-dimensional phased beam scanning and other performances, has the characteristics of simple structure, simple system composition, and fast scanning rate, and is suitable for use as a large ground station communication measurement and control antenna.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A one-dimensional phased array scanning parabolic antenna, comprising a parabolic reflector and a feed line array, wherein the feed line array 1 is located at the focal line of the parabolic reflector 2 and coincides with the focal line, and further comprises a phase-shift gated shunt or combiner group; the phase-shift gated shunt or combiner group is connected to the feed line array through a radio frequency cable, and an input / output port at the other end is connected to an external transceiver device through a cable;

[0009] The phase-shift gated branch includes a plurality of phase shifters and a plurality of gate switches; one end of each phase shifter is connected to a corresponding feed source, and the other end is connected to a corresponding gate switch; the other end of each gate switch is connected to a branch or a combiner.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a control circuit for changing the phase shift amount; the selection switch is a radio frequency switch; the radio frequency switch and the phase shifter are both connected to the control circuit, and when the phase shift of a certain feed source exceeds the parabolic reflection surface, the control circuit disconnects the signal of the feed source by controlling the radio frequency switch.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution of the present invention are:

[0012] 1. The present invention provides a feed line array and a parabolic cylinder of suitable size, which not only realizes the high gain performance of the parabolic cylinder antenna, but also realizes the one-dimensional phased array automatic beam scanning function.

[0013] 2. The phase-shifting gate splitter or combiner group provided in the present invention enables the feed source array to select appropriate units to illuminate the appropriate part of the parabola, and the parabola has a smaller size while ensuring the gain performance after scanning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the composition of the phase-shifted gated splitter or combiner group.

[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the projection of the parabolic cylindrical reflection surface on the xz plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] It consists of a feed line array 1, a parabolic reflector 2, and a phase-shift gated shunt or combiner group 3. The surface curve of the parabolic reflector 2 is a parabolic cylinder, the feed line array 1 is located on the focal line of the parabolic reflector 2, the phase-shift gated shunt or combiner group 3 is connected to the feed line array 1 through a radio frequency cable, each port is connected to the feed corresponding to the feed line array 1, and the input or output port of the phase-shift gated shunt or combiner group 3 is connected to an external transceiver through a cable.

[0020] Reference Figures 1 to 3 , this embodiment is composed of a feed line array 1, a parabolic reflector 2, and a phase-shift gate splitter or combiner group 8. Among them, the surface of the parabolic reflector 2 is a parabolic cylinder, and the feed line array 1 is located on the focal line of the parabolic reflector 2. The focal line of the parabolic reflector 2 is a straight line parallel to the y-axis, and its projection on the xz plane is point F, refer to Figure 3Point F is the focus of the parabola projected by the parabolic cylinder reflection surface on the xz plane. The phase-shift gate shunt or combiner group 8 is connected to the feed source array 1 through a radio frequency cable, each port is connected to the feed source corresponding to the feed source array 1, and the input or output port of the phase-shift gate shunt or combiner group 8 is connected to an external transceiver through a cable.

[0021] The electromagnetic waves emitted by the feed array 1 irradiate the parabolic reflector 2, and after being reflected, form an antenna beam toward the free space. The surface curve of the parabolic reflector 2 adopts a parabolic surface, which is used to reflect electromagnetic signals, ensure that the antenna beam points to a specific direction, and achieve high gain performance. After the multiple feed sources of the feed array 1 pass through the phase-shifting selection splitter or combiner group 8, the required phase distribution is formed to achieve the required feed irradiation beam.

[0022] The phase-shifted gated shunt or combiner group 8 is composed of a plurality of phase shifters 9, a plurality of gate switches 10 and a shunt or combiner 11. The phase shifter 9 adopts a radio frequency phase shifter, and the control circuit controls the state of the phase shifter to change the phase shift amount to achieve the phase adjustment of the signal. The gate switch 10 adopts a radio frequency switch, and the gated state is controlled by the control circuit to achieve the connection and disconnection of the signal. The shunt or combiner 11 combines the signals transmitted from the plurality of gate switches 10 and sends them to the output port, or shunts the signal of the input port to the plurality of gate switches 10.

[0023] For a conventional parabolic antenna with linear array illumination, if a phased array beam scan is achieved within a certain range, Figure 1In the y-axis direction, the cylinder size must be larger than the feed array size, or the cylinder must be longer than the feed array on the left and right sides, so as to ensure that the scanning beam of the feed array can be effectively reflected by the parabolic cylinder when irradiated on the parabolic cylinder. In the present invention, a certain part of the feed array can be selected by using the phase-shifted selection shunt or combiner group 8, so that the scanning beam of the feed array irradiating the parabolic cylinder can be effectively reflected, so that the cylinder size is equal to the feed array size in the y-axis direction, so the parabolic cylinder has a smaller size. The feed array 1 can be divided into a left part 3, a right part 4, and a middle part 5. When the phase-shifted selection shunt or combiner group 8 is controlled to select the left part 3 and the middle part 5 to work and the right part 4 is not working, the control beam is scanned to the right side. At this time, the scanning beam of the feed array is scanned to the right side, and the scanning beam irradiation area is not in the parabolic cylinder part corresponding to the left part 3 of the feed array 1, that is, the left part of the curve 6 on the parabolic cylinder, so the irradiation loss is very small. Curve 6 corresponds to the boundary between the left part 3 and the middle part 5 of the feed array 1 in the y direction. Similarly, when the phase-shift selection branch or combiner group 8 is controlled to select the right part 4 and the middle part 5 to work and the left part 3 is not working, the control beam is scanned to the left. At this time, the scanning beam of the feed array scans to the left, and the scanning beam irradiation area is not on the parabolic cylinder corresponding to the right part 4 of the feed array 1, that is, the right part of the curve 7 on the parabolic cylinder, so the irradiation loss is very small. Curve 7 corresponds to the boundary between the right part 4 and the middle part 5 of the feed array 1 in the y direction. Therefore, by selecting the appropriate unit in the feed array, the scanning beam irradiates the corresponding appropriate part of the parabolic cylinder, so that the irradiation loss is very small, the antenna efficiency after scanning is guaranteed, and the parabolic cylinder has a smaller size.

[0024] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when transmitting a signal, the signal sent by the transmitting device is sent to the appropriate unit in the feed line array 1 after being branched by the phase-shifting gate shunt or combiner group 8, and is reflected to the free space by the parabolic reflector 2 to form a high-gain one-dimensional phased array scanning beam and transmitted to the specified direction. The reception and transmission of the antenna are reciprocal processes. The free space signal from a certain direction is reflected to the appropriate unit in the feed line array 1 by the parabolic reflector 2, and the signal of the required unit is combined after the phase-shifting gate shunt or combiner group 8 and output to the external receiving device.

Claims

1. A one-dimensional phased array scanning parabolic antenna, comprising a parabolic reflector and a feed line array, wherein the feed line array (1) is located on the focal line of the parabolic reflector (2) and coincides with the focal line, and is characterized in that: It also includes a phase-shift gated splitter or combiner group; the phase-shift gated splitter or combiner group is connected to the feed source array (1) via a radio frequency cable, and the input / output port at the other end is connected to an external transceiver device via a cable; The phase-shift gated branch includes a plurality of phase shifters and a plurality of gate switches; one end of each phase shifter is connected to a corresponding feed source, and the other end is connected to a corresponding gate switch; the other end of each gate switch is connected to a branch or a combiner; It also includes a control circuit for changing the phase shift amount; the gating switch is a radio frequency switch; the radio frequency switch and the phase shifter are both connected to the control circuit, and when the beam of a certain feed source irradiates beyond the parabolic reflector, the control circuit disconnects the signal of the feed source by controlling the radio frequency switch; The feed line array (1) is composed of a left part (3), a right part (4), and a middle part (5). When the phase-shift selection branch or combiner group (8) is controlled to select the left part (3) and the middle part (5) to work and the right part (4) is not working, the control beam is scanned to the right. At this time, the scanning beam of the feed line array is scanned to the right. The scanning beam irradiation area is not in the parabolic cylinder part corresponding to the left part (3) of the feed line array (1). When the phase-shift selection branch or combiner group (8) is controlled to select the right part (4) and the middle part (5) to work and the left part (3) is not working, the control beam is scanned to the left. At this time, the scanning beam of the feed line array is scanned to the left. The scanning beam irradiation area is not in the parabolic cylinder part corresponding to the right part (4) of the feed line array (1).

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