Method, system and communication apparatus for link quality detection and tunnel establishment

Abstract

This application provides a link quality detection and tunnel establishment method, system, and communication device, relating to the field of communication technology, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of link quality detection. The link quality detection method is applied to a network control device. The network control device manages a first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device. The first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device. A first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path. The link quality detection method includes: after the network control device determines a target tunnel to be established on the first path, it detects the link quality of the first path through the target tunnel. The two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a link quality detection and tunnel establishment method, system and communication device. Background Technology

[0002] Software-defined wide area network (SD-WAN) aims to help users reduce leased line costs and improve network connectivity flexibility. Carriers and / or managed service providers (MSPs) provide SD-WAN services to users through a backbone network. The user's corresponding customer edge (CE) device connects to the backbone network through a gateway (GW) device. The first customer edge device interconnects with a second customer edge device through a first gateway device, the backbone network, and a second gateway device. Specifically, the first gateway device connects the first customer edge device to the backbone network, and the second gateway device connects the second customer edge device to the backbone network.

[0003] However, for the path of interconnecting two user edge devices by "accessing the backbone network through a gateway device," the network control device performs complex analysis and calculations on the transmission status between the first user edge device and the first gateway device, the first gateway device and the second gateway device, and the second gateway device and the second user edge device to obtain the link quality of this path. However, the above analysis and calculation process is cumbersome and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a link quality detection and tunnel establishment method, system, and communication device, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of link quality detection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] Firstly, embodiments of this application provide a link quality detection method. The execution subject of this method can be a network control device or a chip applied in the network control device. The following description uses a network control device as the execution subject. The network control device manages a first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device. The first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device. A first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path. The method includes: after the network control device determines a target tunnel established on the first path, it detects the link quality of the first path through the target tunnel to obtain link quality information of the first path. The two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively.

[0007] The link quality detection method provided in this application establishes a target tunnel on a first path, with the two endpoints of the target tunnel being a first user edge device and a second user edge device, respectively, achieving an end-to-end connection between the first user edge device and the second user edge device. When detecting the link quality of the first path, the transmission status between the two endpoints of the target tunnel, namely the first user edge device and the second user edge device, can be directly analyzed to obtain the link quality of the first path. This eliminates the need to analyze the transmission status of each link on the first path segment by segment, simplifying the link quality analysis process and shortening the operation time of the network control device. Furthermore, compared with existing related technologies that "obtain the link quality of the first path through segment-by-segment analysis," the target tunnel allows direct acquisition of the end-to-end (i.e., from the first user edge device to the second user edge device) transmission status. The directly acquired end-to-end transmission status can more accurately characterize the transmission status between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the link quality of the first path determined based on the end-to-end transmission status is more accurate.

[0008] In one possible design, a second path also exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device. The link quality detection method in this application embodiment further includes: if there is a path among the first path and the second path that meets a preset link quality, the network control device sends indication information to the first user edge device. The indication information is used to instruct the first user edge device to send the message to be transmitted to the second user edge device through a path that meets the preset link quality.

[0009] Thus, if the network control device can obtain the link quality of the first path, it can dynamically adjust the transmission path between the first user edge device and the second user edge device based on the link quality, thereby achieving flexible routing to ensure the transmission efficiency between the two user edge devices, and the network control device does not need to perform complex analysis and configuration.

[0010] In one possible design, the link quality detection method of this application embodiment further includes: the network control device determining to establish a target tunnel on the first path.

[0011] Thus, even if no target tunnel is established on the first path, the network control device can still determine to establish a target tunnel for the first path to achieve an end-to-end connection between the first user edge device and the second user edge device.

[0012] In one possible design, a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are a second user edge device and a second gateway device, respectively. The network control device determines to establish a target tunnel on the first path by: determining first information based on the first tunnel and the second tunnel, and then sending the first information to the first user edge device and the second user edge device. The first information includes the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device respectively on the target tunnel, and is used to establish the target tunnel.

[0013] Thus, through the above process, a target tunnel can be established on the first path based on the existing tunnels (i.e., the first tunnel and the second tunnel). Since the two endpoints of the first tunnel are the first user edge device and the first gateway device, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are the second user edge device and the second gateway device, an end-to-end connection across the first network between the two user edge devices is realized.

[0014] In one possible design, the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the first user edge device on the first tunnel, and the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the second user edge device on the second tunnel.

[0015] In this way, the logical interface addresses of the first tunnel and the second tunnel are used as the IP addresses of the two endpoints of the target tunnel, so as to establish the target tunnel based on the first tunnel and the second tunnel.

[0016] In one possible design, the network control device detects the link quality of the first path through the target tunnel to obtain the link quality information of the first path. This includes: after receiving the transmission status of the first path from the first user edge device, the network control device determines the link quality information of the first path based on the transmission status of the first path. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device through the first path. The service packets include the IP addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device on the target tunnel, respectively.

[0017] Thus, when the first user edge device transmits service packets to the second user edge device through the first path, the network control device can obtain the transmission status of the first path from the first user edge device, thereby reducing the computational load of the network control device. Furthermore, the transmission status of the first path obtained from the first user edge device can accurately present the transmission status of the first path between the two user edge devices, which helps to improve the accuracy of link quality detection.

[0018] In one possible design, the transmission conditions of the first path include at least one of transmission delay, jitter, and packet loss rate.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a link quality detection method. The execution subject of this method can be a first user edge device or a chip applied in the first user edge device. The following description uses the first user edge device as the execution subject. A network control device manages the first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device. The first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device. A first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path. The method includes: after obtaining the transmission status of the first path, the first user edge device sends the transmission status of the first path to the network control device. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device through the first path. The transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path. The service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device respectively on a target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively.

[0020] In one possible design, the first user edge device obtains the transmission status of the first path, including: the first user edge device receiving the transmission status of the first path from the second user edge device.

[0021] In one possible design, a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are a second user edge device and a second gateway device, respectively. The IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the first tunnel, and the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the second tunnel.

[0022] In one possible design, a second path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device. The link quality detection method in this application embodiment further includes: after receiving indication information from the network control device, the first user edge device sends a service packet to the second user edge device through the path indicated by the indication information. The path indicated by the indication information includes either a first path or a second path.

[0023] In one possible design, the link quality detection method of this application embodiment further includes: after the first user edge device obtains the probe message, it sends the probe message to the second user edge device through the first path. The probe message is used to instruct the second user edge device to determine the transmission status of the first path within a preset transmission time period of the probe message.

[0024] In one possible design, the transmission conditions of the first path include at least one of transmission delay, jitter, and packet loss rate.

[0025] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a link quality detection method. The execution subject of this method can be a first gateway device or a chip applied in the first gateway device. The following description uses the first gateway device as the execution subject. A network control device manages a first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device. The first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device. A first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path. The method includes: the first gateway device receiving the transmission status of the first path from the second gateway device. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device through the first path. The service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively. The first gateway device determines the first tunnel based on the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel. The first tunnel is distributed along the first path, and its two endpoints are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively. The first gateway device sends the transmission status of the first path to the first user edge device through the first tunnel. The transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

[0026] In one possible design, the transmission conditions of the first path include at least one of transmission delay, jitter, and packet loss rate.

[0027] In one possible design, the link quality detection method of this application embodiment further includes: a first gateway device receiving a service packet from a first user edge device. The service packet includes the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel. After determining the second gateway device based on the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel, the first gateway device sends the service packet to the second gateway device. The transmission status of the first path is determined by the second user edge device.

[0028] Fourthly, this application provides a link quality detection method. The execution subject of this method can be a second gateway device or a chip applied in the second gateway device. The following description uses the second gateway device as the execution subject. A network control device manages a first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device. The first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device. A first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path. The method includes: the second gateway device receiving transmission status of the first path from the second user edge device. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device through the first path. The service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively. After determining the first gateway device based on the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel, the second gateway device sends the transmission status of the first path to the first gateway device. The transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

[0029] In one possible design, the transmission conditions of the first path include at least one of transmission delay, jitter, and packet loss rate.

[0030] In one possible design, the link quality detection method of this application embodiment further includes: a second gateway device receiving a service packet from a first gateway device. The service packet includes the IP address of a second user edge device on a target tunnel, the target tunnel being established on a first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel being the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively. After determining the second tunnel based on the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel, the second gateway device sends the service packet to the second user edge device through the second tunnel. The second tunnel is distributed along the first path, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are the second user edge device and the second gateway device, respectively. The service packet is used by the second user edge device to determine the transmission status of the first path.

[0031] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a link quality detection method. The execution subject of this method can be a second user edge device or a chip applied in the second user edge device. The following description uses the second user edge device as the execution subject. A network control device manages a first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device. The first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device. A first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path. The method includes: after determining the transmission status of the first path, the second user edge device feeds back the transmission status of the first path to the first user edge device through the first path. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device through the first path. The service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device respectively on a target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively. The transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

[0032] In one possible design, a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are a second user edge device and a second gateway device, respectively. The IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the first tunnel, and the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the second tunnel.

[0033] In one possible design, the link quality detection method of this application embodiment further includes: a second user edge device receiving probe packets from a first user edge device through a first path. The second user edge device determines the transmission status of the first path, including: the second user edge device determining the transmission status of the first path within a preset transmission time period of the probe packets based on the probe packets.

[0034] In one possible design, the transmission conditions of the first path include at least one of transmission delay, jitter, and packet loss rate.

[0035] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a tunnel establishment method. The execution subject of this method can be a network control device or a chip applied in the network control device. The following description uses a network control device as the execution subject. The network control device manages a first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device. The first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device. The method includes: after determining a first path between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, the network control device determines to establish a target tunnel on the first path. The first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path. The two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively.

[0036] In one possible design, a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are a second user edge device and a second gateway device, respectively. The network control device determines to establish a target tunnel on the first path by: determining first information based on the first tunnel and the second tunnel, and then sending the first information to the first user edge device and the second user edge device. The first information includes the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device respectively on the target tunnel. The first information is used to establish the target tunnel.

[0037] In one possible design, a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are a second user edge device and a second gateway device, respectively. The IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the first tunnel, and the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the second tunnel.

[0038] Seventhly, embodiments of this application provide a tunnel establishment method. The execution subject of this method can be a first user edge device or a chip applied in the first user edge device. The following description uses the first user edge device as the execution subject. A network control device manages the first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device. The first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device. A first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path. The method includes: after receiving first information from the network control device, the first user edge device initiates a target tunnel establishment process to the second user edge device based on the first information, in order to establish a target tunnel on the first path. The first information includes the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device respectively on the target tunnel, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively.

[0039] In one possible design, a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are a second user edge device and a second gateway device, respectively. The IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the first tunnel, and the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the second tunnel.

[0040] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes a processing unit and a transceiver unit.

[0041] In one possible design, the processing unit is used to determine the target tunnel established on the first path. The two endpoints of the target tunnel are a first user edge device and a second user edge device, respectively. The processing unit is also used to detect the link quality of the first path through the target tunnel to obtain link quality information for the first path.

[0042] In one possible design, a second path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device. The processing unit is further configured to determine which of the first and second paths satisfies a preset link quality. The transceiver unit is configured to send indication information to the first user edge device if a path satisfying the preset link quality exists between the first and second paths. This indication information instructs the first user edge device to send the message to be transmitted to the second user edge device via a path that satisfies the preset link quality.

[0043] In one possible design, the processing unit is also used to determine the establishment of a target tunnel on the first path.

[0044] In one possible design, a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are a second user edge device and a second gateway device, respectively. The processing unit is specifically used to: determine first information based on the first tunnel and the second tunnel. The first information includes the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device respectively on the target tunnel, and is used to establish the target tunnel. The transceiver unit is specifically used to: send the first information to the first user edge device and the second user edge device.

[0045] In one possible design, the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the first user edge device on the first tunnel, and the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the second user edge device on the second tunnel.

[0046] In one possible design, the transceiver unit is specifically used to: receive the transmission status of a first path from a first user edge device. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device through the first path to a second user edge device, and the service packets include the IP addresses of the first and second user edge devices respectively on the target tunnel. The processing unit is specifically used to determine the link quality information of the first path based on the transmission status of the first path.

[0047] In one possible design, the transmission conditions of the first path include at least one of transmission delay, jitter, and packet loss rate.

[0048] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes a processing unit and a transceiver unit.

[0049] In one possible design, the transceiver unit is used to acquire the transmission status of the first path. This first path transmission status refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device via the first path. The service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first and second user edge devices respectively on the target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and its two endpoints are the first and second user edge devices, respectively. The transceiver unit is also used to send the first path transmission status to the network control device. This first path transmission status is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

[0050] In one possible design, the transceiver unit is specifically used to: receive the transmission status of the first path from the second user edge device.

[0051] In one possible design, a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are a second user edge device and a second gateway device, respectively. The IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the first tunnel, and the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the second tunnel.

[0052] In one possible design, a second path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device. The transceiver unit is also used to receive indication information from the network control device. The path indicated by the indication information includes either the first path or the second path. The transceiver unit is also used to send service messages to the second user edge device via the path indicated by the indication information.

[0053] In one possible design, the processing unit is used to acquire probe messages. The transceiver unit is also used to send probe messages to a second user edge device via a first path, wherein the probe messages are used to instruct the second user edge device to determine the transmission status of the first path within a preset transmission time period of the probe messages.

[0054] Tenthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication apparatus, comprising a processing unit and a transceiver unit. The transceiver unit is configured to receive transmission status of a first path from a second gateway device. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from a first user edge device to a second user edge device via the first path. The service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the first user edge device on a target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and its two endpoints are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively. The processing unit is configured to determine a first tunnel based on the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel. The first tunnel is distributed along the first path, and its two endpoints are the first user edge device and the first gateway device, respectively. The transceiver unit is further configured to send the transmission status of the first path to the first user edge device via the first tunnel. The transmission status of the first path is used by a network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

[0055] In one possible design, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive service packets from the first user edge device. These service packets include the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel. The processing unit is further configured to determine the second gateway device based on the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel. The transceiver unit is further configured to send service packets to the second gateway device. The transmission status of the first path is determined by the second user edge device.

[0056] Eleventhly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, comprising a processing unit and a transceiver unit. The transceiver unit is configured to receive transmission status of a first path from a second user edge device. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device via the first path. The service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the first user edge device on a target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and its two endpoints are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively. The processing unit is configured to determine a first gateway device based on the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel. The transceiver unit is further configured to send the transmission status of the first path to the first gateway device. The transmission status of the first path is used by a network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

[0057] In one possible design, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive service packets from the first gateway device. These service packets include the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel, which is established on the first path, and whose two endpoints are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively. The processing unit is further configured to determine a second tunnel based on the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel. This second tunnel is distributed along the first path, and its two endpoints are the second user edge device and the second gateway device, respectively. The transceiver unit is also configured to send service packets to the second user edge device through the second tunnel. These service packets are used by the second user edge device to determine the transmission status of the first path.

[0058] In a twelfth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device comprising a processing unit and a transceiver unit. The processing unit is used to determine the transmission status of a first path. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from a first user edge device to a second user edge device via the first path. The service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first and second user edge devices respectively on a target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and its two endpoints are the first and second user edge devices, respectively. The transceiver unit is used to feed back the transmission status of the first path to the first user edge device via the first path. The transmission status of the first path is used by a network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

[0059] In one possible design, a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are a second user edge device and a second gateway device, respectively. The IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the first tunnel, and the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the second tunnel.

[0060] In one possible design, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive probe messages from a first user edge device via a first path. Specifically, the processing unit is configured to: determine the transmission status of the first path within a preset transmission time period of the probe messages, based on the probe messages.

[0061] In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes a processing unit and a transceiver unit.

[0062] In one possible design, the processing unit is used to determine a first path existing between a first user edge device and a second user edge device. A first gateway device and a second gateway device are deployed along the first path. The processing unit is also used to determine whether to establish a target tunnel along the first path. The two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively.

[0063] In one possible design, a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are a second user edge device and a second gateway device, respectively. The processing unit is specifically used to: determine first information based on the first tunnel and the second tunnel. The first information includes the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device respectively on the target tunnel, and is used to establish the target tunnel. The transceiver unit is used to send the first information to the first user edge device and the second user edge device.

[0064] In one possible design, a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are a second user edge device and a second gateway device, respectively. The IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the first tunnel, and the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the second tunnel.

[0065] In a fourteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device comprising a processing unit and a transceiver unit. The transceiver unit is configured to receive first information from a network control device. The first information includes the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of a first user edge device and a second user edge device respectively on a target tunnel, with the two endpoints of the target tunnel being the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively. The processing unit, based on the first information, causes the transceiver unit to initiate a target tunnel establishment process to the second user edge device, thereby establishing the target tunnel along a first path.

[0066] In one possible design, a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are a second user edge device and a second gateway device, respectively. The IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the first tunnel, and the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the second tunnel.

[0067] In a fifteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, including a processor and an interface circuit. The processor is configured to communicate with other devices via the interface circuit and execute the link quality detection method provided in any one of the first to fifth aspects above. The processor may include one or more devices. The communication device may be a network control device as described in the first aspect, or an apparatus containing the network control device; or, the communication device may be a first user edge device as described in the second aspect, or an apparatus containing the first user edge device; or, the communication device may be a first gateway device as described in the third aspect, or an apparatus containing the first gateway device; or, the communication device may be a second gateway device as described in the fourth aspect, or an apparatus containing the second gateway device; or, the communication device may be a second user edge device as described in the fifth aspect, or an apparatus containing the second user edge device.

[0068] In a sixteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, including a processor connected to a memory, for calling a program stored in the memory to execute a link quality detection method provided in any one of the first to fifth aspects. The memory may be located within or outside the communication device. The processor may include one or more devices. The communication device may be a network control device as described in the first aspect, or an apparatus containing such a network control device; or, the communication device may be a first user edge device as described in the second aspect, or an apparatus containing such a first user edge device; or, the communication device may be a first gateway device as described in the third aspect, or an apparatus containing such a first gateway device; or, the communication device may be a second gateway device as described in the fourth aspect, or an apparatus containing such a second gateway device; or, the communication device may be a second user edge device as described in the fifth aspect, or an apparatus containing such a second user edge device.

[0069] In a seventeenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device including at least one processor and at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to execute the link quality detection method provided in any one of the first to fifth aspects above. The communication device may be a network control device as described in the first aspect, or an apparatus including the network control device; or, the communication device may be a first user edge device as described in the second aspect, or an apparatus including the first user edge device; or, the communication device may be a first gateway device as described in the third aspect, or an apparatus including the first gateway device; or, the communication device may be a second gateway device as described in the fourth aspect, or an apparatus including the second gateway device; or, the communication device may be a second user edge device as described in the fifth aspect, or an apparatus including the second user edge device.

[0070] In an eighteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to perform the link quality detection method of any one of the first to fifth aspects described above.

[0071] In a nineteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the link quality detection method of any one of the first to fifth aspects described above.

[0072] In a twentieth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a circuit system including a processing circuit configured to perform a link quality detection method as described in any one of the first to fifth aspects above.

[0073] In a twentieth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip, the chip including a processor and a memory coupled together, the memory storing program instructions, and when the program instructions stored in the memory are executed by the processor, implementing the link quality detection method of any one of the first to fifth aspects described above.

[0074] In a twentieth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a link quality detection system, which includes a network control device that performs the link quality detection method of the first aspect or any of the first aspects, a first user edge device that performs the link quality detection method of the second aspect or any of the second aspects, a first gateway device that performs the link quality detection method of the third aspect or any of the third aspects, a second gateway device that performs the link quality detection method of the fourth aspect or any of the fourth aspects, or a second user edge device that performs the link quality detection method of the fifth aspect or any of the fifth aspects.

[0075] In a twentieth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, including a processor and an interface circuit. The processor is configured to communicate with other devices via the interface circuit and execute the tunnel establishment method provided in the sixth or seventh aspect above. The processor may include one or more devices. The communication device may be a network control device as described in the sixth aspect above, or an apparatus that includes the aforementioned network control device; or, the communication device may be a first user edge device as described in the seventh aspect above, or an apparatus that includes the aforementioned first user edge device.

[0076] In a twentieth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication apparatus, including a processor connected to a memory, for calling a program stored in the memory to execute the tunnel establishment method provided in the sixth or seventh aspect. The processor may include one or more devices. The communication apparatus may be a network control device as described in the sixth aspect, or an apparatus including the aforementioned network control device; or, the communication apparatus may be a first user edge device as described in the seventh aspect, or an apparatus including the aforementioned first user edge device.

[0077] In a twentieth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication apparatus, including at least one processor and at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to execute the tunnel establishment method provided in the sixth or seventh aspect above. The processor may include one or more devices. The communication apparatus may be a network control device as described in the sixth aspect above, or an apparatus including the aforementioned network control device; or, the communication apparatus may be a first user edge device as described in the seventh aspect above, or an apparatus including the aforementioned first user edge device.

[0078] In a twentieth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to perform the tunnel establishment method provided in the sixth or seventh aspect described above.

[0079] In a twentieth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the tunnel establishment method provided in the sixth or seventh aspect described above.

[0080] In a twentieth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a circuit system including a processing circuit configured to perform the tunnel establishment method as described in the sixth or seventh aspect above.

[0081] In a twentieth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip, the chip including a processor and a memory coupled together, the memory storing program instructions, and when the program instructions stored in the memory are executed by the processor, the tunnel establishment method provided in the sixth or seventh aspect above is implemented.

[0082] In a thirtieth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a tunnel establishment system, which includes a network control device that performs the tunnel establishment method of the sixth aspect or any of the sixth aspects, a first user edge device that performs the tunnel establishment method of the seventh aspect or any of the seventh aspects, and a second user edge device that performs the tunnel establishment method of the seventh aspect or any of the seventh aspects.

[0083] The technical effects of any of the design methods in aspects 2 to 30 can be found in the technical effects of different design methods in aspect 1, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0084] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a network architecture provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 2 This application provides a schematic diagram of a path distribution.

[0086] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another network architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0087] Figure 4 This is another network architecture diagram provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0088] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a tunnel establishment method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0089] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating another tunnel establishment method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0090] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating a link quality detection method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0091] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating another link quality detection method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0092] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating another link quality detection method provided in this application embodiment;

[0093] Figure 10 A schematic diagram illustrating a scenario for a link quality detection method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0094] Figure 11 A flowchart illustrating another link quality detection method provided in this application embodiment;

[0095] Figure 12 A schematic diagram illustrating another link quality detection method provided in this application embodiment;

[0096] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0097] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0098] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification and drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects or different treatments of the same object, rather than to describe a specific order of objects. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, mentioned in the description of this application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include other steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0099] To make this application clearer, we will first give a brief introduction to some of the concepts and processes mentioned in this application.

[0100] 1. Tunnel

[0101] Tunneling is an encapsulation technology that uses one network protocol to transmit another network protocol. In other words, it uses a network transmission protocol to encapsulate messages generated by other protocols within its own message and then transmits them over the network.

[0102] The tunnel's attributes include, but are not limited to, the following five items: local physical interface address, destination physical interface address, encapsulation protocol, local logical interface address, and destination logical interface address. For example, taking a tunnel between a user edge device and a gateway device as an example, from the user edge device's perspective, the local physical interface address is the physical interface address of the tunnel on the user edge device, and the destination physical interface address is the physical interface address of the tunnel on the gateway device. The encapsulation protocol is the protocol used to encapsulate the tunnel, which can be, for example, but not limited to, Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) and Internet Protocol Security (IPSec). GRE is used to establish the tunnel, and IPSec is used to encrypt packets transmitted within the GRE tunnel. The local logical interface address is the logical interface address of the tunnel on the user edge device side, and the destination logical interface address is the logical interface address of the tunnel on the gateway device side. Here, the local and destination physical interface addresses are carried in the packet header to indicate that the packet is transmitted through a tunnel. When the user edge device sends a packet to the gateway device, the local logical interface address is used to guide the packet into the tunnel. When a gateway device sends a message to a user edge device, the destination logical interface address is used to guide the message into the tunnel. Both the local and destination logical interface addresses are addresses of logical interfaces, which are reserved in the program. These addresses are not carried in the message header and are typically private network addresses.

[0103] For the tunnel between the user edge device and the gateway device, the networking mode can be a hub-spoke network mode. The gateway device acts as the hub, and the user edge device acts as the branch.

[0104] 2. Link and Link Quality

[0105] A link typically refers to a physical path from one node to an adjacent node, without any other switching nodes in between.

[0106] Link quality is a measure of metrics such as packet loss rate (PLR), latency, and jitter, used to evaluate the quality of communication on a link.

[0107] 3. Path

[0108] A path refers to the entire route from the starting point to the end point. Typically, a path includes multiple links.

[0109] 4. SD-WAN

[0110] SD-WAN applies software-defined networking (SDN) technology to wide area networks (WANs). Here, the WAN includes the backbone network. Gateway (GW) devices are deployed at the edge of the backbone network to connect different user edge devices to the backbone network, such as... Figure 1 As shown. SD-WAN technology uses centralized control to manage gateway devices located at the boundaries of different backbone networks, and connects these devices through logical connections across the backbone network, such as connecting the company's headquarters, branch offices (e.g.,... Figure 1 This includes interconnection of branch sites 1 and 2, data centers, public clouds, and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) cloud applications. Figure 1 In the diagram, a thin solid box marked with the letters "GW" represents a gateway device, while a thick solid box marked with the letters "Edge" represents a user edge device. The user edge device connects to the gateway device via the Internet.

[0111] 5. Service Level Agreement (SLA)

[0112] A Service Scope Agreement (SLA) is a mutually agreed-upon agreement or contract between an SD-WAN service provider and its customers regarding the quality, level, and performance of the service. SD-WAN service providers offer services that meet the SLA. For example, an SLA includes Service Levels and Service Grades. Different Service Levels correspond to different Service Grades. For instance, Service Level 1 guarantees a bandwidth of ≥100Mbps for 90% of the service time; Service Level 2 guarantees ≥100Mbps for 95% of the service time; and Service Level 3 guarantees ≥100Mbps for 99% of the service time. Thus, different Service Levels can correspond to different application types to ensure service quality. For example, web browsing applications correspond to Service Level 1, file transfer applications to Service Level 2, and video conferencing applications to Service Level 3.

[0113] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 This illustrates one possible path distribution between two user edge devices. Figure 2 In the diagram, the hollow ellipse represents the backbone network. The thin solid-lined square represents gateway devices. Figure 2 The image shows two gateway devices, denoted as GW1 and GW2. The thick solid-line boxes represent user edge devices. Figure 2The diagram shows four user edge devices, labeled Edge1, Edge2, Edge3, and Edge4. Multiple paths exist between two user edge devices to transmit messages exchanged between them. Figure 2 Three paths between two user edge devices are shown:

[0114] The first path is a transmission path established based on the backbone network, on which a first gateway device and a second gateway device are deployed. The first gateway device connects the first user edge device to the backbone network, and the second gateway device connects the second user edge device to the backbone network. The first path is as follows: Figure 2 The path is shown by a thin solid line. Taking the backbone network as the Internet as an example, GW1 connects Edge1 to the Internet, and GW2 connects Edge2 to the Internet. Edge1 and Edge2 communicate with each other through the first path.

[0115] The second path is a transmission path established based on the backbone network, and no gateway devices are deployed on this path. The second path is as follows: Figure 2 The path is shown by a thick solid line. Taking a backbone network implemented as a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) network as an example, Edge3 can access the MPLS network without a gateway device, and so can Edge4. Edge3 and Edge4 communicate with each other through the second path.

[0116] The third path is a transmission path established based on a third-party network, where a gateway device may or may not be deployed. This third-party network can be either the internet or an MPLS network. Figure 2 The path shown by the dashed line. See also Figure 2 Taking Edge1 and Edge2 as an example again, there is a third path between Edge1 and Edge2 to enable them to communicate with each other.

[0117] For the three paths mentioned above, the processes for obtaining the link quality of the second and third paths can refer to existing related technologies. However, for the first path, obtaining its link quality requires analyzing the transmission status between the first user edge device and the first gateway device, the first gateway device and the second gateway device, and the second gateway device and the second user edge device. This analysis process is complex, computationally intensive, time-consuming, and inaccurate.

[0118] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a link quality detection method. First, the network architecture to which the link quality detection method of this application is applicable will be described. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 The network architecture includes a network control device 31, a first user edge device 32, a first gateway device 33, a second gateway device 34, and a second user edge device 35. Data transmission between the network control device 31 and the first user edge device 32, first gateway device 33, second gateway device 34, and second user edge device 35 is achieved via wired or wireless connections. The first user edge device 32, first gateway device 33, second gateway device 34, and second user edge device 35 are sequentially connected for communication, also using wired or wireless connections for data transmission. Figure 3 This is merely an illustrative diagram and does not constitute a limitation on the applicable scenarios of the network management method in the embodiments of this application.

[0119] The network control device 31 is used to manage the network topology, such as testing link quality and allocating transmission paths for packets between the first user edge device 32 and the second user edge device 35. Optionally, the network control device 31 includes a distributed control component, which is responsible for distributing address information to the first user edge device 32, the first gateway device 33, the second gateway device 34, and the second user edge device 35. Here, the distributed control component can be a route reflector (RR). The network control device 31 can also be described as a network controller.

[0120] The first user edge device 32 and the second user edge device 35 are used to manage messages, such as message encapsulation and decapsulation, message sending and receiving, etc. For example, see [link to example]. Figure 3 The first user edge device 32 serves as the import / export device for branch site 1 of the enterprise, and the second user edge device 35 serves as the import / export device for branch site 2 of the enterprise. Both the first user edge device 32 and the second user edge device 35 encapsulate information from the branch site into messages before sending them, or provide the branch site with decapsulated messages.

[0121] Both the first gateway device 33 and the second gateway device 34 are deployed at the edge of the first network for forwarding packets. For example, see [link to example]. Figure 3The first gateway device 33 connects the first user edge device 32 to the first network. After receiving a message from the second gateway device 34, the first gateway device 33 sends a message to the first user edge device 32, or vice versa. Similarly, the second gateway device 34 connects the second user edge device 35 to the first network. After receiving a message from the first gateway device 33, the second gateway device 34 sends a message to the second user edge device 35, or vice versa. Here, the first network can be a backbone network.

[0122] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0123] The link quality detection method provided in this application embodiment will now be described in detail. In the link quality detection method of this application embodiment, the above-mentioned first path is described as a "first path". See also Figure 4 The link quality detection method in this application embodiment detects the link quality of the first path through a target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and its two endpoints are a first user edge device and a second user edge device, respectively. Figure 4 The dashed cylinder in the diagram is shown. Here, the process of establishing the target tunnel will be explained first. See [link / reference]. Figure 5 The process of establishing the target tunnel includes the following steps:

[0124] S501, The network control device determines a first path between the first user edge device and the second user edge device.

[0125] The first path is equipped with a first gateway device and a second gateway device.

[0126] Here, the network control device can manage the first user edge device, the first gateway device, the second gateway device, and the second user edge device, and thus can know the path distribution between the first user edge device and the second user edge device.

[0127] For example, the network control device pre-stores a network topology map. This network topology map includes icons identifying different devices and lines connecting these icons. The lines between the icons indicate communication connections between the devices corresponding to those icons. For instance, the icons in the network topology map include icons for user edge devices, gateway devices, and enterprise sites. The lines between the icons include connections between enterprise site icons and user edge device icons, connections between user edge device icons, connections between user edge device icons and gateway device icons, and connections between gateway device icons. The network control device queries the network topology map and determines a first path between the first user edge device and the second user edge device based on the connections between the icons of the different devices.

[0128] S502, The network control device determines to establish a target tunnel on the first path.

[0129] The two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively.

[0130] Here, there are several specific implementations of S502, including, but not limited to, the following: A target tunnel is established based on a first tunnel and a second tunnel existing on the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are a first user edge device and a first gateway device, respectively, to transmit packets from the first user edge device (such as service packets, probe packets, or packets carrying the transmission status of the first path) to the first network. The first tunnel is established using a dynamic smart virtual private network (DSVPN) method. Optionally, the first tunnel can be a GRE tunnel, such as... Figure 4 The solid-line cylinder located between Edge1 and GW1 is shown in the diagram. With encryption and authentication mechanisms employed in the first tunnel, the IPSec protocol is used to encrypt packets transmitted within it. The two endpoints of the second tunnel are the second user edge device and the second gateway device, respectively, to transmit packets from the second user edge device (such as service packets, probe packets, or packets carrying the transmission status of the first path) to the first network. The second tunnel is also established using the DSVPN method. The second tunnel can also be a GRE tunnel, such as... Figure 4 The solid-line cylinder located between Edge2 and GW2 is shown in the diagram. See also... Figure 6 The specific implementation process for establishing the target tunnel is as follows:

[0131] S5021. The network control device determines the first information based on the first tunnel and the second tunnel.

[0132] The first information is used to establish the target tunnel. This first information includes the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first and second user edge devices respectively on the target tunnel. Here, the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the first tunnel. The IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is its logical interface address on the second tunnel. For the first user edge device, both its local physical interface address and its local logical interface address on the target tunnel are its logical interface addresses on the first tunnel. Similarly, both the destination physical interface address and the destination logical interface address on the target tunnel are the logical interface addresses of the second user edge device on the second tunnel.

[0133] S5022, The network control device sends first information to the first user edge device. Correspondingly, the first user edge device receives the first information from the network control device.

[0134] For example, when a management connection exists between the network control device and the first user edge device, the network control device sends first information to the first user edge device through the management connection. Correspondingly, the first user edge device receives the first information from the network control device through the management connection. The first information is carried in a network configuration (NETCONF) protocol message. The specific implementation process of S5022 can be found in existing related technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0135] S5023, the network control device sends first information to the second user edge device. Correspondingly, the second user edge device receives the first information from the network control device.

[0136] For example, taking the case where a management connection exists between the network control device and the second user edge device, the network control device sends first information to the second user edge device through the management connection. Correspondingly, the second user edge device receives the first information from the network control device through the management connection. This first information is also carried in a network configuration protocol message. The specific implementation process of S5023 can be found in existing related technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0137] It should be noted that the network control device may execute S5022 first and then S5023, or it may execute S5023 first and then S5022, or it may execute S5022 and S5023 simultaneously. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0138] S5024. The first user edge device initiates a target tunnel establishment process to the second user edge device based on the first information, so as to establish a target tunnel on the first path.

[0139] For example, the target tunnel is a GRE tunnel. Optionally, if the target tunnel employs encryption and authentication mechanisms, the IPSec protocol is used to encrypt packets transmitted within the GRE tunnel. The specific process for establishing the target tunnel can be found in existing related technologies, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0140] Thus, through the aforementioned target tunnel establishment process, a target tunnel can be established on the first path, thereby achieving an end-to-end connection between the two user edge devices across the first network. When the first user edge device sends a service packet to the second user edge device, due to the existence of the target tunnel, the service packet can carry the IP addresses of the first and second user edge devices respectively on the target tunnel. Therefore, after the second user edge device receives the service packet, it can know that the device that sent the service packet was the first user edge device. This lays the foundation for the second user edge device to provide feedback on the transmission status of the first path to the first user edge device and also helps simplify the link quality detection process of the first path.

[0141] The above describes the process of establishing the target tunnel. Following the description of the target tunnel establishment process, the link quality detection method of this application's embodiments will be explained. See also... Figure 7 The link quality detection method in this application includes the following steps:

[0142] S701, The network control device determines the target tunnel established on the first path.

[0143] For details on the target tunnel and its construction process, please refer to the relevant descriptions in S501 and S502, which will not be repeated here.

[0144] For example, still using a network topology diagram, connections are also used to identify tunnels. For instance, the connection between the icons of user edge devices and gateway devices identifies existing tunnels (such as a first tunnel between a first user edge device and a first gateway device, or a second tunnel between a second user edge device and a second gateway device). Connections between the icons of user edge devices identify target tunnels. The network control device queries the network topology diagram and, based on the connections between the first and second user edge devices used to identify tunnels, determines the target tunnel for establishing the aforementioned first path.

[0145] S702. The network control device detects the link quality of the first path through the target tunnel and obtains the link quality information of the first path.

[0146] Here, the first path comprises three links: the link between the first user edge device and the first gateway device, the link between the first gateway device and the second gateway device, and the link between the second gateway device and the second user edge device. The two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device. When a target tunnel is established on the first path, service packets transmitted on the first path directly indicate the two endpoints of the target tunnel. If the first user edge device sends a service packet to the second user edge device, since the service packet indicates the two endpoints of the target tunnel, the second user edge device can know that the service packet originated from the first user edge device.

[0147] The link quality detection method provided in this application establishes a target tunnel on a first path, with the two endpoints of the target tunnel being a first user edge device and a second user edge device, respectively, achieving an end-to-end connection between the first user edge device and the second user edge device. When detecting the link quality of the first path, the transmission status between the two endpoints of the target tunnel, namely the first user edge device and the second user edge device, can be directly analyzed to obtain the link quality of the first path, eliminating the need to analyze the transmission status of each link on the first path segment by segment, thus simplifying the link quality analysis process. Furthermore, compared with existing related technologies that "obtain the link quality of the first path through segment-by-segment analysis," the target tunnel allows direct acquisition of the end-to-end (i.e., from the first user edge device to the second user edge device) transmission status. The directly acquired end-to-end transmission status can more accurately characterize the transmission status between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, resulting in higher accuracy in determining the link quality of the first path based on the end-to-end transmission status.

[0148] In some embodiments, S702 can be implemented in various ways, such as, but not limited to, other methods. Figure 8 The processing procedure shown is as follows:

[0149] S7021, The first user edge device obtains the transmission status of the first path.

[0150] The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device via the first path. The service packets include the IP addresses of the first and second user edge devices on the target tunnel, respectively. The transmission status of the first path includes at least one of transmission latency, jitter, and packet loss rate.

[0151] S7022, The first user edge device sends the transmission status of the first path to the network control device. Correspondingly, the network control device receives the transmission status of the first path from the first user edge device.

[0152] For example, taking the case where a management connection exists between the first user edge device and the network control device, the management connection transmits the transmission status of the first path from the first user edge device to the network control device. The transmission status of the first path is carried in a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) 2.0 protocol message. The HTTP 2.0 protocol message is encrypted using Transport Layer Security (TLS) to ensure data transmission security. The specific implementation process of S7022 can be found in existing related technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0153] S7023. The network control device determines the link quality information of the first path based on the transmission status of the first path.

[0154] For example, when the packet loss rate of the first path is greater than a first packet loss rate threshold, or the jitter of the first path is greater than a first jitter threshold, or the transmission delay of the first path is greater than a first delay threshold, the network control device determines that the link quality of the first path is poor. When the packet loss rate of the first path is less than a second packet loss rate threshold, or the jitter of the first path is less than a second jitter threshold, or the transmission delay of the first path is less than a second delay threshold, the network control device determines that the link quality of the first path is good. Alternatively, when the packet loss rate of the first path is less than a second packet loss rate threshold, the jitter of the first path is less than a second jitter threshold, and the transmission delay of the first path is less than a second delay threshold, the network control device determines that the link quality of the first path is good. Here, the first packet loss rate threshold can be 20%, the second packet loss rate threshold can be 5%, the first delay threshold can be 400ms, the second delay threshold can be 150ms, the first jitter threshold can be 30ms, and the second jitter threshold can be 20ms. The specific values ​​of the first packet loss rate threshold, the second packet loss rate threshold, the first latency threshold, the second latency threshold, the first jitter threshold, and the second jitter threshold can be set according to actual business needs, and this application embodiment does not limit them.

[0155] Thus, when the first user edge device transmits service packets to the second user edge device through the first path, the network control device can obtain the transmission status of the first path from the first user edge device, thereby reducing the computational load of the network control device. Furthermore, the transmission status of the first path obtained from the first user edge device can accurately present the transmission status of the first path between the two user edge devices, which helps to improve the accuracy of link quality detection.

[0156] In some embodiments, the first user edge device can obtain the transmission status of the first path in various ways, including, but not limited to, the following two methods:

[0157] Method 1, see Figure 9 The specific steps for the first user edge device to obtain the transmission status of the first path are as follows:

[0158] S901, The first user edge device obtains service messages.

[0159] For example, the first user edge device encapsulates the IP addresses and service data of the first user edge device and the second user edge device on the target tunnel into service packets.

[0160] See Figure 10 The IP address of the host in branch site 1 is denoted as IP1, and the IP address of the host in branch site 2 is denoted as IP2. For the first user edge device, the local physical interface address of the first tunnel is denoted as IP3, and the destination physical interface address of the first tunnel is denoted as IP4. The local logical interface address of the first tunnel is denoted as IP7, and the destination logical interface address of the first tunnel is denoted as IP8. IP7 is also the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel. For the second user edge device, the local physical interface address of the second tunnel is denoted as IP6, and the destination physical interface address of the second tunnel is denoted as IP5. The local logical interface address of the second tunnel is denoted as IP10, and the destination logical interface address of the second tunnel is denoted as IP9. IP10 is also the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel.

[0161] See Figure 10 The first user edge device receives information from branch site 1, such as the branch site's IP address information (i.e., IP1 and IP2) and service data, specifically as follows: Figure 10 The thick box in the image shows the service message acquired by the first user edge device. This message includes the header of the first tunnel, the header of the target tunnel, and information from branch site 1. The header of the first tunnel includes the local physical interface address (IP3) of the first tunnel, the destination physical interface address (IP4) of the first tunnel, and the encapsulation protocol (GRE), as detailed below. Figure 10 The dashed box in the diagram shows the header. Optionally, if the first tunnel employs encryption and authentication mechanisms, the header of the first tunnel may also include an encapsulating security payload (ESP) header. The header of the target tunnel includes the IP address (IP7) of the first user edge device on the target tunnel, the IP address (IP10) of the second user edge device on the target tunnel, and the encapsulation protocol (GRE), as detailed below. Figure 10 The thin solid-line box in the image shows the target tunnel. Optionally, if the target tunnel employs encryption and authentication mechanisms, the target tunnel's message header may also include an ESP header.

[0162] S902, the first user edge device sends a service message to the second user edge device through the first path. Correspondingly, the second user edge device receives a service message from the first user edge device through the first path.

[0163] Here, a first gateway device and a second gateway device are deployed on the first path. The specific implementation process of S902 is as follows:

[0164] Step 1: The first user edge device sends a service message to the first gateway device. Correspondingly, the first gateway device receives the service message from the first user edge device.

[0165] For example, since the service message includes the header of the first tunnel (such as the local physical interface address IP3 and the destination physical interface address IP4 of the first tunnel), the first user edge device can send the service message to the destination physical interface identified by IP4 through the local physical interface identified by IP3. In other words, the service message is transmitted from the first user edge device to the first gateway device through the first tunnel. For a detailed explanation of the "first tunnel," please refer to the relevant description in S5021. The specific implementation process of step one can be found in existing related technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0166] Step 2: The first gateway device determines the second gateway device based on the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel.

[0167] For example, the first gateway device pre-stores routing information. This routing information includes information about a first tunnel between the first gateway device and the first user edge device, and information about a second tunnel between the second gateway device and the second user edge device. If the first network includes other gateway devices or user edge devices, the routing information also includes information about tunnels between other gateway devices and other user edge devices in the first network. After the first gateway device decapsulates and encapsulates the packet header of the first tunnel, it obtains the IP address (i.e., IP10) of the second user edge device on the target tunnel, and then queries the routing information based on the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel to obtain the interface that can lead to that IP address. The gateway device connected to this interface is the second gateway device. In other words, service packets can only be transmitted to the second user edge device through the second gateway device.

[0168] Step 3: The first gateway device sends a service message to the second gateway device. Correspondingly, the second gateway device receives the service message from the first gateway device.

[0169] For example, see Figure 10The service messages transmitted between the first gateway device and the second gateway device still include the header of the target tunnel and information from branch site 1. For details regarding the header of the target tunnel, please refer to the relevant description in S901; it will not be repeated here.

[0170] As a possible example, if a forwarding device exists on the transmission path between the first gateway device and the second gateway device, the path information from the first gateway device to the second gateway device includes the IP address of the forwarding device. The first gateway device sends service packets to the second gateway device through the forwarding device. Here, the forwarding device is a device in the backbone network. Specifically, the first gateway device first sends service packets to the forwarding device, and the forwarding device receives the service packets from the first gateway device. Then, the forwarding device sends service packets to the second gateway device, and the second gateway device receives the service packets from the forwarding device. The specific implementation process of step three can be found in existing related technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0171] Step 4: The second gateway device determines the second tunnel based on the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel.

[0172] The second tunnel is located along the first path. The two endpoints of the second tunnel are the second user edge device and the second gateway device, respectively.

[0173] Here, because the service message carries the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel, which is also the logical interface address of the second user edge device on the second tunnel, the second gateway device can determine whether to send the service message to the second user edge device through the second tunnel.

[0174] Step 5: The second gateway device sends service packets to the second user edge device through the second tunnel. Correspondingly, the second user edge device receives service packets from the second gateway device through the second tunnel.

[0175] Among them, the service message is used by the second user edge device to determine the transmission status of the first path.

[0176] Here, in the service packets transmitted from the second gateway device to the second user edge device, the header portion of the packet includes the header portion of the second tunnel, including the local physical interface address (IP5) of the second tunnel, the destination physical interface address (IP6) of the second tunnel, and the encapsulation protocol (GRE), as detailed below. Figure 10 The dashed box in the diagram illustrates this. Optionally, if the second tunnel employs encryption and verification mechanisms, the message header of the second tunnel may also include an ESP header. The specific implementation process of step five can be found in existing related technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0177] In practical applications, after the second user edge device obtains the service packet, it decomposes and encapsulates the packet header of the second tunnel and the packet header of the target tunnel to obtain the IP address (i.e., IP2) of the host within branch site 2. Based on the IP addresses of the hosts within branch site 2, the second user edge device sends IP address information (i.e., IP1 and IP2) and service data to branch site 2, specifically as follows: Figure 10 The thick box in the image is shown.

[0178] S903, the second user edge device determines the transmission status of the first path.

[0179] The transmission status of the first path includes at least one of transmission delay, jitter, and packet loss rate, which are illustrated in the following three examples:

[0180] Example 1: Taking "packet loss rate" as an example, determining the packet loss rate of the first path involves the following three steps:

[0181] Step 1: Calculate the packet loss rate of service packets sent from the first user edge device to the second user edge device in the nth transmission period. Details are as follows:

[0182] First, the first user edge device sends a first keep-alive (KA) message to the second user edge device. Correspondingly, the second user edge device receives the first KA message from the first user edge device. The first KA message includes a message count. Here, the message count in the first KA message refers to the number of service messages sent by the first user edge device to the second user edge device within the nth transmission cycle, which can be denoted as Snd1(Tn). Here, "Snd1" represents the service messages sent by the first user edge device. "Tn" represents the nth transmission cycle. "Transmission cycle" refers to the transmission cycle of the KA message. n is a positive integer, and n≥1.

[0183] Then, the second user edge device counts the number of service packets received in the nth transmission cycle, which can be denoted as Rev2(Tn). Here, "Rev2" represents the number of service packets received by the second user edge device. The second user edge device determines the packet loss rate of the service packets in the nth transmission cycle. The packet loss rate satisfies the following formula:

[0184] Loss1=(Snd1-Rev2) / Snd1×100% Formula (1)

[0185] Where Loss1 represents the packet loss rate of service packets sent from the first user edge device to the second user edge device, Snd1 represents the number of service packets sent from the first user edge device to the second user edge device, and Rev2 represents the number of service packets received by the second user edge device from the first user edge device. Here, when the second user edge device determines the packet loss rate of service packets in the nth transmission period, Snd1 is taken as Snd1(Tn) as described above, and Rev2 is taken as Rev2(Tn) as described above. In this way, the packet loss rate of service packets sent from the first user edge device to the second user edge device in the nth transmission period can be obtained.

[0186] Step 2: Calculate the packet loss rate of service packets sent from the second user edge device to the first user edge device during the nth transmission cycle. Details are as follows:

[0187] First, the second user edge device sends a second KA message to the first user edge device. Correspondingly, the first user edge device receives the second KA message from the second user edge device. The second KA message includes a message count. Here, the message count in the second KA message refers to the number of service messages sent by the second user edge device to the first user edge device within the nth transmission period, which can be denoted as Snd2(Tn). Here, "Snd2" represents the service messages sent by the second user edge device. The transmission period of the second KA message is the same as the transmission period of the first KA message.

[0188] Then, the first user edge device counts the number of service packets received in the nth transmission cycle, which can be denoted as Rev1(Tn). Here, "Rev1" represents the service packets received by the first user edge device. The first user edge device determines the packet loss rate of the service packets in the nth transmission cycle. The packet loss rate satisfies the following formula:

[0189] Loss2=(Snd2-Rev1) / Snd2×100% Formula (2)

[0190] Where Loss2 represents the packet loss rate of service packets sent from the second user edge device to the first user edge device, Snd2 represents the number of service packets sent from the second user edge device to the first user edge device, and Rev1 represents the number of service packets received by the first user edge device from the second user edge device. Here, when the first user edge device determines the packet loss rate of service packets in the nth transmission period, Snd2 is taken as Snd2(Tn) as described above, and Rev1 is taken as Rev1(Tn) as described above. In this way, the packet loss rate of service packets sent from the second user edge device to the first user edge device in the nth transmission period can be obtained.

[0191] Finally, the average of Loss1 and Loss2 is taken as the packet loss rate of the first path in the nth transmission cycle.

[0192] Example 2: Taking "latency" as an example, determining the latency of the first path involves the following three steps:

[0193] Step 1: The first user edge device sends a first KA message to the second user edge device. Correspondingly, the second user edge device receives the first KA message from the first user edge device.

[0194] The first KA message includes a timestamp indicating the time of transmission. Here, the timestamp in the first KA message refers to the transmission time of the first KA message within the nth transmission cycle, denoted as Ts1(Tn). "Ts1" represents the time when the first user edge device sends the first KA message. "Tn" represents the nth transmission cycle. The reception time of the first KA message received by the second user edge device is denoted as Tr2. The reception time of the first KA message received by the second user edge device in the nth transmission cycle is denoted as Tr2(Tn).

[0195] Step 2: The second user edge device sends a second KA message to the first user edge device. Correspondingly, the first user edge device receives the second KA message from the second user edge device.

[0196] The second KA message includes a transmission timestamp. Here, the transmission timestamp in the second KA message refers to the transmission time of the second KA message within the nth transmission cycle, which can be denoted as Ts2(Tn). "Ts2" represents the time when the second user edge device sends the second KA message. "Tn" represents the nth transmission cycle. The reception time of the second KA message received by the first user edge device is denoted as Tr1. The reception time of the second KA message received by the first user edge device in the nth transmission cycle is denoted as Tr1(Tn).

[0197] Step 3: The first user edge device determines the bidirectional transmission delay based on the sending and receiving times of the first KA message and the second KA message.

[0198] The bidirectional transmission delay, the sending and receiving times of the first KA message, and the sending and receiving times of the second KA message satisfy the following formula:

[0199] Delay=(Tr2-Ts1)+(Tr1-Ts2) Formula (3)

[0200] Where Delay represents the bidirectional transmission delay. Tr2 represents the time when the second user edge device receives the first KA message. Ts1 represents the time when the first user edge device sends the first KA message. Tr1 represents the time when the first user edge device receives the second KA message. Ts2 represents the time when the second user edge device sends the second KA message. Here, when the first user edge device determines the bidirectional transmission delay in the nth transmission cycle, Tr2 takes the value of Tr2(Tn), Ts1 takes the value of Ts1(Tn), Tr1 takes the value of Tr1(Tn), and Ts2 takes the value of Ts2(Tn). Thus, the bidirectional transmission delay in the nth transmission cycle can be obtained.

[0201] Example 3: Taking "jitter" as an example, the specific process for determining the jitter of the first path is as follows: The jitter of the delay can be obtained by calculating the standard deviation of the bidirectional transmission delay over K transmission cycles. The value of K can be a pre-configured value or a value determined based on the actual application scenario.

[0202] It should be noted that the above three examples are merely illustrative of the process for determining packet loss rate, latency, and jitter. For the specific implementation process of S903, please refer to the existing related technologies, which will not be elaborated here.

[0203] S904, the second user edge device feeds back the transmission status of the first path to the first user edge device through the first path. Correspondingly, the first user edge device receives the transmission status of the first path from the second user edge device through the first path.

[0204] The transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path. The message carrying the transmission status of the first path includes the IP addresses of the first and second user edge devices on the target tunnel, respectively. Since the service message includes the IP addresses of the first and second user edge devices on the target tunnel, after receiving the service message, the second user edge device can identify the sender as the first user edge device based on the IP addresses in the service message. Thus, after determining the transmission status of the first path, the second user edge device can report the transmission status of the first path back to the first user edge device.

[0205] Here, a first gateway device and a second gateway device are deployed on the first path. The specific implementation process of S904 is as follows:

[0206] Step Six: The second user edge device sends the transmission status of the first path to the second gateway device. Correspondingly, the second gateway device receives the transmission status of the first path from the second user edge device.

[0207] The message header of the message carrying the transmission status of the first path includes the message header of the second tunnel and the message header of the target tunnel.

[0208] For example, see Figure 10 The second user edge device can then send a message carrying the transmission status of the first path to the destination physical interface identified by IP5 through the local physical interface identified by IP6. In other words, the message carrying the transmission status of the first path is transmitted from the second user edge device to the second gateway device through the second tunnel. For details regarding the "second tunnel," please refer to the relevant description in S5021. The specific implementation process of step six can be found in existing related technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0209] Step 7: The second gateway device determines the first gateway device based on the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel.

[0210] For example, the second gateway device pre-stores routing information. This routing information includes information about a first tunnel between the first gateway device and the first user edge device, and information about a second tunnel between the second gateway device and the second user edge device. If the first network includes other gateway devices and other user edge devices, the routing information also includes information about tunnels between other gateway devices and other user edge devices in the first network. After the second gateway device decapsulates and encapsulates the packet header of the second tunnel, it obtains the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel, and then queries the routing information based on the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel to obtain the interface that can reach that IP address. The gateway device connected to this interface is the first gateway device. In other words, service packets can only be transmitted to the first user edge device through the first gateway device.

[0211] Step 8: The second gateway device sends the transmission status of the first path to the first gateway device. Correspondingly, the first gateway device receives the transmission status of the first path from the second gateway device.

[0212] Among them, the message carrying the transmission status of the first path transmitted from the second gateway device to the second gateway device includes the message header of the target tunnel.

[0213] As a possible example, let's consider the scenario where a forwarding device exists on the transmission path between the second gateway device and the first gateway device. The path information from the first gateway device to the second gateway device includes the IP address of the forwarding device. The second gateway device sends the transmission status of the first path to the first gateway device through the forwarding device. After querying the routing information, the second gateway device obtains the IP address of the forwarding device. The second gateway device then sends the transmission status of the first path to the forwarding device. Correspondingly, the forwarding device receives the transmission status of the first path from the second gateway device. Afterward, the forwarding device sends the transmission status of the first path back to the first gateway device. Correspondingly, the first gateway device receives the transmission status of the first path from the forwarding device. The specific implementation process of step eight can be found in existing related technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0214] Step 9: The first gateway device determines the first tunnel based on the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel.

[0215] The first tunnel is located along the first path. The two endpoints of the first tunnel are the first user edge device and the first gateway device, respectively.

[0216] Here, because the message carrying the transmission status of the first path contains the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel, which is also the logical interface address of the first user edge device on the first tunnel, the first gateway device can determine to send service messages to the first user edge device through the first tunnel.

[0217] Step 10: The first gateway device sends the transmission status of the first path to the first user edge device through the first tunnel. Correspondingly, the first user edge device receives the transmission status of the first path from the first gateway device through the first tunnel.

[0218] The transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

[0219] Here, in the message carrying the transmission status of the first path transmitted from the first gateway device to the first user edge device, the header portion of the message is expanded to include the header portion of the first tunnel.

[0220] For example, since the service message includes the header of the first tunnel (such as the destination physical interface address IP3 and the local physical interface address IP4 of the first tunnel), the first gateway device can send the service message to the destination physical interface identified by IP3 through the local physical interface identified by IP4. In other words, the service message is transmitted from the first gateway device to the first user edge device through the first tunnel. For a detailed explanation of the "first tunnel," please refer to the relevant description in S5021. The specific implementation process of step ten can be found in existing related technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0221] Thus, when the first user edge device sends a service message to the second user edge device through the first path, the second user edge device can statistically analyze the transmission status of the first path and then feed it back to the first user edge device, so that the first user edge device can obtain the transmission status of the first path in a timely manner, providing an information basis for determining the link quality of the first path.

[0222] Method 2, see Figure 11 The specific steps for the first user edge device to obtain the transmission status of the first path are as follows:

[0223] S1100, the first user edge device obtains service messages.

[0224] The specific implementation process of S1100 can be found in the relevant description of S901, and will not be repeated here.

[0225] S1101, the first user edge device sends a service message to the second user edge device through the first path. Correspondingly, the second user edge device receives a service message from the first user edge device through the first path.

[0226] The specific implementation process of S1101 can be found in the relevant description of S902, and will not be repeated here.

[0227] S1102, The first user edge device obtains the probe message.

[0228] For example, the first user edge device encapsulates the IP addresses, service data, and additional information of both the first and second user edge devices on the target tunnel into a probe packet. That is, the probe packet includes service packets and additional information. Here, the probe packet can be a KA (Key Access Message) packet. The additional information includes a timestamp and the number of service packets. The timestamp indicates the time when the first user edge device sends the probe packet. The number of service packets indicates the number of service packets sent by the first user edge device within one transmission cycle of the probe packet, and this transmission cycle is a transmission cycle determined based on the timestamp. For example, a transmission cycle with the time indicated by the timestamp as the cutoff point.

[0229] S1103. The first user edge device sends a probe message to the second user edge device through the first path. Correspondingly, the second user edge device receives the probe message from the first user edge device through the first path.

[0230] The probe message is used to instruct the second user edge device to determine the transmission status of the first path within a preset transmission time period of the probe message. Here, the preset transmission time period can be a transmission cycle of the probe message, and this transmission cycle is determined based on the time indicated by the timestamp.

[0231] Similarly, a first gateway device and a second gateway device are deployed on the first path. For the specific implementation process of S1103, please refer to the relevant description of S902, which will not be repeated here.

[0232] It should be noted that the first user edge device executes S1102 and S1103 according to a certain time cycle. When S1102 and S1103 are not executed, the first user edge device executes S1100 and S1101. That is to say, the messages sent by the first user edge device have a certain regularity; that is, after sending a certain number of service messages, the first user edge device sends a probe message, and then sends the same number of service messages again, and so on in a cycle. See also... Figure 12 , Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a possible message transmission process is shown. Figure 12 In the diagram, a thin solid-lined square represents a service message, a diagonally filled square represents a probe message, and a thick solid-lined square represents a service message that has been lost. Figure 12 In the scenario shown, the first user edge device is denoted as Edge1, and the second user edge device is denoted as Edge2. The first user edge device sends one probe message for every four service packets it sends. Correspondingly, the second user edge device receives one probe message for every four service packets it receives. Ts1 represents the timestamp of the first user edge device sending the probe message, and Tr2 represents the timestamp of the second user edge device receiving the probe message.

[0233] S1104. The second user edge device determines the transmission status of the first path based on the probe message.

[0234] For example, the second user edge device calculates the packet loss rate, transmission delay, jitter, etc. of the first path within N transmission cycles of the probe message based on the probe message. N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. Here, we still use... Figure 12Taking the scenario shown as an example, the second user edge device determines the transmission delay of one transmission cycle out of N transmission cycles based on the timestamp (Ts1) in the probe message and the timestamp (Tr2) of the probe message received by the second user edge device. Repeating the above process yields the transmission delay for N transmission cycles. After obtaining the transmission delay, the standard deviation of the delay within the N transmission cycles is calculated to obtain the jitter status of the first path. In the case where a probe message includes a service message, for the service message transmitted within one transmission cycle of the probe message, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the second user edge device determines that the number of service packets transmitted within the aforementioned period is 5, and the number of service packets that are lost is 1, thus determining the packet loss rate within one transmission period. Repeating the above process yields the packet loss rate for N transmission periods. For specific calculation methods, please refer to existing related technologies; they will not be elaborated here.

[0235] S1105, the second user edge device feeds back the transmission status of the first path to the first user edge device through the first path. Correspondingly, the first user edge device receives the transmission status of the first path from the second user edge device through the first path.

[0236] The message carrying the transmission status of the first path includes the IP addresses of the first and second user edge devices on the target tunnel. The transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

[0237] Similarly, a first gateway device and a second gateway device are deployed on the first path. For the specific implementation process of S1105, please refer to the relevant description of S904, which will not be repeated here.

[0238] Thus, when the first user edge device sends a probe message to the second user edge device through the first path, if the second user edge device receives the probe message, it will count the transmission status of the first path and then feed it back to the first user edge device. This can ensure that the first user edge device can obtain the transmission status of the first path in a timely manner, and can also reduce the amount of computation for the second user edge device and improve its computational efficiency.

[0239] In some embodiments, if a second path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device in addition to the first path described above, the link quality detection method of this application embodiment can also indicate the path for transmitting service packets to the first user edge device. Here, the number of second paths can be one or more. The type of second path can be at least one of the three types of paths described above. Specifically, see Figure 7 The link quality detection method in this application embodiment further includes the following steps:

[0240] S703. If there is a path among the first path and the second path that meets the preset link quality, the network control device sends an indication message to the first user edge device. Correspondingly, the first user edge device receives the indication message from the network control device.

[0241] The indication information is used to instruct the first user edge device to send the message to be transmitted to the second user edge device through a path that meets a preset link quality. The path indicated by the indication information is one of the first path and the second path.

[0242] Here, paths that meet the preset link quality include paths that meet the Service Level Agreement (SLA).

[0243] For example, a "path that meets the preset link quality" could refer to a path with a packet loss rate less than a preset packet loss rate threshold, a path with a transmission delay less than a preset transmission delay threshold, or a path with jitter less than a preset jitter threshold. Alternatively, if the network control device pre-specifies different application types for different service levels, for packets of a specific application, the network control device determines the path that meets the service level, i.e., the path that meets the SLA, based on the service level corresponding to that application.

[0244] It should be noted that if there is only one path that meets the preset link quality, the indication information is used to instruct the first user edge device to send the message to be transmitted to the second user edge device through that path. If there are multiple paths that meet the preset link quality, the network control device selects one path from the multiple paths that meet the preset link quality according to a preset selection rule. Then, the indication information is used to instruct the first user edge device to send the message to be transmitted to the second user edge device through that path. Here, the preset selection rule can be specifically implemented as: selecting the most recently determined path that meets the preset link quality, or selecting the path with the best link quality; this embodiment of the application does not limit this.

[0245] S704. The first user edge device sends a service message to the second user edge device through the path indicated by the indication information. Correspondingly, the second user edge device receives the service message from the first user edge device through the path indicated by the indication information.

[0246] For example, if there is a second path between the first user edge device and the second user edge device in addition to the first path, and the path indicated by the indication information is the first path, then the first user edge device can transmit service messages to the second user edge device through the first path.

[0247] Thus, if the network control device can obtain the link quality of the first path, it can dynamically adjust the transmission path between the first user edge device and the second user edge device based on the link quality, thereby achieving flexible routing to ensure the transmission efficiency between the two user edge devices, and the network control device does not need to perform complex analysis and configuration.

[0248] The above mainly describes the solutions provided by the embodiments of this application from the perspective of interaction between different devices. It is understood that, in order to achieve the above functions, the network control device, the first user edge device, the first gateway device, the second gateway device, and the second user edge device include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Based on the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in the embodiments disclosed in this application, the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed by hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0249] This application embodiment can divide the communication device into functional units according to the above method example. For example, each function can be divided into a separate functional unit, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. It should be noted that the unit division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0250] Figure 13 A schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. The communication device 1300 may exist as software, or as a device, or a component within a device (such as a chip system). The communication device 1300 includes a processing unit 1302 and a transceiver unit 1303.

[0251] The transceiver unit 1303 can also be divided into a transmitting unit (not included in the original text). Figure 13 (shown in) and receiving unit (not shown in) Figure 13 (As shown in the diagram). The transmitting unit supports the communication device 1300 in sending information to other devices. The receiving unit supports the communication device 1300 in receiving information from other devices.

[0252] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the aforementioned network control device, for example, the processing unit 1302 can be used by the communication device 1300 to perform... Figure 5S501, S502, or execution Figure 6 S5021 in, or execution Figure 7 S701, S702, or execution Figure 8 S7023 in the above, and / or other processes used in the scheme described herein. The transceiver unit 1303 is used to support communication between the communication device 1300 and other devices (e.g., a first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, a second user edge device). For example, the transceiver unit is used to support the communication device 1300 in performing... Figure 6 S5022 and S5023 shown, or execution Figure 7 S703 in, or execution Figure 8 S7022 in the document, and / or other processes used in the scheme described herein.

[0253] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the first user edge device described above, for example, the processing unit 1302 can be used by the communication device 1300 to perform... Figure 6 S5024 in, or execution Figure 8 S7021 in, or execution Figure 9 S901 in, or execution Figure 11 S1100, S1102, and / or other processes used in the scheme described herein. The transceiver unit 1303 supports communication between the communication device 1300 and other devices (e.g., network control device, first gateway device, second user edge device). For example, the transceiver unit supports the communication device 1300 in performing... Figure 6 S5022 and S5024 shown, or execution Figure 7 S703, S704, or execution Figure 8 S7022 in, or execution Figure 9 Step one in S902, step ten in S904, and / or other processes used in the scheme described herein.

[0254] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the first gateway device described above, for example, the processing unit 1302 can be used by the communication device 1300 to perform... Figure 9 Steps two and nine in S902, and / or other processes used in the scheme described herein. The transceiver unit 1303 supports communication between the communication device 1300 and other devices (e.g., network control device, second gateway device, first user edge device). For example, the transceiver unit supports the communication device 1300 in performing... Figure 9 Steps one and three in S902 shown, or execution Figure 9 Steps eight and ten in S904, and / or other processes used in the scheme described herein.

[0255] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the second gateway device described above, for example, the processing unit 1302 can be used by the communication device 1300 to perform... Figure 9 Steps four and seven in S904, and / or other processes used in the scheme described herein. The transceiver unit 1303 supports communication between the communication device 1300 and other devices (e.g., network control device, first gateway device, second user edge device). For example, the transceiver unit supports the communication device 1300 in performing... Figure 9 Steps three and five in S902 shown, or execution Figure 9 Steps six and eight in S904, and / or other processes used in the scheme described herein.

[0256] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the second user edge device described above, for example, the processing unit 1302 can be used by the communication device 1300 to perform... Figure 6 S5024 in, or execution Figure 9 S903 in, or execution Figure 11 S1104 in the above, and / or other processes used in the scheme described herein. The transceiver unit 1303 is used to support communication between the communication device 1300 and other devices (e.g., network control device, second gateway device, first user edge device). For example, the transceiver unit is used to support the communication device 1300 in performing... Figure 6 S5023 and S5024 shown, or execution Figure 7 S704 in, or execution Figure 9 Step four in S902, step five in S904, and / or other processes used in the scheme described herein.

[0257] Optionally, the communication device 1300 may also include a storage unit 1301 for storing program code and data of the device 1300, and the data may include, but is not limited to, raw data or intermediate data.

[0258] The processing unit 1302 may be a processor or controller, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application. The processor may also be a combination that implements computational functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.

[0259] The transceiver unit 1303 may be a communication interface, transceiver, or transceiver circuit, etc. Here, "communication interface" is a general term. In a specific implementation, the communication interface may include multiple interfaces, such as interfaces between terminals and / or other interfaces.

[0260] Storage unit 1301 can be a memory.

[0261] When the processing unit 1302 is a processor, the transceiver unit 1303 is a communication interface, and the storage unit 1301 is a memory, the communication device 1400 involved in the embodiments of this application can be... Figure 14 As shown.

[0262] See Figure 14 As shown, the communication device 1400 includes: a processor 1402, a transceiver 1403, and a memory 1401.

[0263] The transceiver 1403 can be a standalone transmitter used to send information to other devices, or it can be a standalone receiver used to receive information from other devices. Alternatively, the transceiver can be a component that integrates sending and receiving information functions; this application does not limit the specific implementation of the transceiver.

[0264] Optionally, the communication device 1400 may also include a bus 1404. The transceiver 1403, processor 1402, and memory 1401 can be interconnected via the bus 1404; the bus 1404 can be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus 1404 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 14 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0265] When the communication device is 1400 bits above Figures 5 to 8 In the case of a network control device, processor 1402 executes a program in memory 1401, causing the network control device to perform the following processing: After determining a first path between a first user edge device and a second user edge device, the network control device establishes a target tunnel on the first path. A first gateway device and a second gateway device are deployed on the first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively. Alternatively, processor 1402 executes a program in memory 1401, causing the network control device to perform the following processing: The network control device determines the target tunnel established on the first path, detects the link quality of the first path through the target tunnel, and obtains the link quality information of the first path. The two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively. For the specific implementation process of the above processing, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 5 S501 and S502 in the illustrated embodiment, and Figure 7 The detailed descriptions of S701 and S702 in the embodiments described herein will not be repeated here.

[0266] Similarly, when the communication device has 1400 bits as described above Figures 6 to 9 or Figure 11In the case of a first user edge device, processor 1402 executes a program in memory 1401, causing the first user edge device to perform the following processing: After obtaining the transmission status of the first path, the first user edge device sends the transmission status of the first path to the network control device. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device through the first path. The service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first and second user edge devices respectively on the target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first and second user edge devices respectively. The transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path. Alternatively, processor 1402 executes a program in memory 1401, causing the first user edge device to perform the following processing: After receiving first information from the network control device, the first user edge device initiates a target tunnel establishment process to the second user edge device based on the first information, in order to establish the target tunnel on the first path. The first information includes the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first and second user edge devices respectively on the target tunnel, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first and second user edge devices respectively. Please refer to the specific implementation process of the above processing. Figure 8 S7021 and S7022 in the illustrated embodiment, and Figure 6 The detailed descriptions of S5022 and S5024 in the embodiments described herein will not be repeated here.

[0267] Similarly, when the communication device has 1400 bits as described above Figure 9 or Figure 11 In the case of the first gateway device, the processor 1402 executes the program in the memory 1401, causing the first gateway device to perform the following processing: The first gateway device receives the transmission status of the first path from the second gateway device. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device through the first path to the second user edge device. The service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and its two endpoints are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively. After determining the first tunnel based on the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel, the first gateway device sends the transmission status of the first path to the first user edge device through the first tunnel. The first tunnel is distributed along the first path, and its two endpoints are the first user edge device and the first gateway device, respectively. The transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path. For a detailed implementation of the above process, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 9The steps S904 in the illustrated embodiment (such as steps eight, nine, and ten in S904) will not be described again here.

[0268] Similarly, when the communication device has 1400 bits as described above Figure 9 or Figure 11 In the case of a second gateway device, processor 1402 executes a program in memory 1401, causing the second gateway device to perform the following processing: The second gateway device receives the transmission status of a first path from the second user edge device. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device through the first path to the second user edge device. The service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and its two endpoints are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively. After determining the first gateway device based on the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel, the second gateway device sends the transmission status of the first path to the first gateway device. The transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path. For a detailed implementation of the above processing, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 9 The steps S904 in the illustrated embodiment (such as steps six, seven, and eight in S904) will not be described again here.

[0269] Similarly, when the communication device has 1400 bits as described above Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 or Figure 11 In the case of a second user edge device, processor 1402 executes a program in memory 1401, causing the second user edge device to perform the following processing: After determining the transmission status of the first path, the second user edge device feeds back the transmission status of the first path to the first user edge device via the first path. The transmission status of the first path refers to the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device via the first path. The service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first and second user edge devices respectively on the target tunnel. The target tunnel is established on the first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first and second user edge devices, respectively. The transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path. For a detailed implementation of the above processing, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 9 S903 and S904 in the illustrated embodiment (such as step six in S904) will not be described again here.

[0270] In addition, in the above Figure 13In the illustrated embodiment, if each unit, such as processing unit 1302, transceiver unit 1303, and storage unit 1301, is a software module, then the memory 1401 stores these software modules, and the processor 1402 executes these software modules to respectively implement the above-described... Figures 5 to 9 and Figure 11 The functions and steps of the network control device, the first user edge device, the first gateway device, the second gateway device, and the second user edge device in the illustrated embodiment.

[0271] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments can be implemented entirely or partially by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks (SSDs)).

[0272] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, and may be electrical or other forms.

[0273] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network devices. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0274] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each functional unit can exist independently, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in a combination of hardware and software functional units.

[0275] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium, such as a computer floppy disk, hard disk, or optical disk, and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0276] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A link quality detection method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a network control device; the network control device manages a first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device; the first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device; a first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path; a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist on the first path, the two endpoints of the first tunnel are the first user edge device and the first gateway device, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are the second user edge device and the second gateway device, respectively; the method includes: The network control device determines the target tunnel to be established on the first path; the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively; the Internet Protocol IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the first user edge device on the first tunnel; the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the second user edge device on the second tunnel; The network control device detects the link quality of the first path through the target tunnel and obtains the link quality information of the first path.

2. The link quality detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second path also exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device; the method further includes: If there is a path among the first path and the second path that meets the preset link quality, the network control device sends an indication message to the first user edge device; the indication message is used to instruct the first user edge device to send the message to be transmitted to the second user edge device through a path that meets the preset link quality.

3. The link quality detection method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: The network control device determines to establish the target tunnel on the first path.

4. The link quality detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The network control device determines to establish the target tunnel on the first path, including: The network control device determines first information based on the first tunnel and the second tunnel; the first information includes the IP addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device respectively on the target tunnel; the first information is used to establish the target tunnel; The network control device sends the first information to the first user edge device and the second user edge device.

5. The link quality detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The network control device detects the link quality of the first path through the target tunnel to obtain the link quality information of the first path, including: The network control device receives the transmission status of a first path from the first user edge device; the transmission status of the first path is the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device through the first path; the service packets include the IP addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device respectively on the target tunnel; The network control device determines the link quality information of the first path based on the transmission status of the first path.

6. The link quality detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission status of the first path includes at least one of transmission delay, jitter, and packet loss rate.

7. A link quality detection method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a first user edge device; a network control device manages the first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device; the first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device; a first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path; a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist on the first path, the two endpoints of the first tunnel are the first user edge device and the first gateway device, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are the second user edge device and the second gateway device, respectively; the method includes: The first user edge device acquires the transmission status of the first path; the transmission status of the first path is the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device through the first path; the service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device on the target tunnel; the target tunnel is established on the first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively; the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the first user edge device on the first tunnel; the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the second user edge device on the second tunnel. The first user edge device sends the transmission status of the first path to the network control device; the transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

8. The link quality detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first user edge device acquires the transmission status of the first path, including: The first user edge device receives the transmission status of the first path from the second user edge device.

9. The link quality detection method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, A second path also exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device; the method further includes: The first user edge device receives indication information from the network control device; the path indicated by the indication information includes either the first path or the second path; The first user edge device sends the service message to the second user edge device through the path indicated by the indication information.

10. The link quality detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first user edge device acquires the probe message; The first user edge device sends the probe message to the second user edge device through the first path; the probe message is used to instruct the second user edge device to determine the transmission status of the first path within a preset transmission time period of the probe message.

11. A link quality detection method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a first gateway device; a network control device manages a first user edge device, the first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device; the first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device; a first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path; a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist on the first path, the two endpoints of the first tunnel are the first user edge device and the first gateway device, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are the second user edge device and the second gateway device, respectively; the method includes: The first gateway device receives the transmission status of a first path from the second gateway device; the transmission status of the first path is the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device through the first path; the service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel; the target tunnel is established on the first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively; the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the first user edge device on the first tunnel; the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the second user edge device on the second tunnel. The first gateway device determines the first tunnel based on the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel; The first gateway device sends the transmission status of the first path to the first user edge device through the first tunnel; the transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

12. The link quality detection method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first gateway device receives the service message from the first user edge device; the service message includes the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel; The first gateway device determines the second gateway device based on the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel; The first gateway device sends the service message to the second gateway device; the transmission status of the first path is determined by the second user edge device.

13. A link quality detection method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a second gateway device; a network control device manages a first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device; the first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device; a first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path; a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist on the first path, the two endpoints of the first tunnel are the first user edge device and the first gateway device, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are the second user edge device and the second gateway device, respectively; the method includes: The second gateway device receives the transmission status of a first path from the second user edge device; the transmission status of the first path is the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device through the first path; the service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel; the target tunnel is established on the first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively; the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the first user edge device on the first tunnel; the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the second user edge device on the second tunnel. The second gateway device determines the first gateway device based on the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel; The second gateway device sends the transmission status of the first path to the first gateway device; the transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

14. The link quality detection method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second gateway device receives the service message from the first gateway device; the service message includes the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel; the target tunnel is established on the first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively; The second gateway device determines the second tunnel based on the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel; The second gateway device sends the service message to the second user edge device through the second tunnel; the service message is used by the second user edge device to determine the transmission status of the first path.

15. A link quality detection method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a second user edge device; a network control device manages a first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device; the first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device; a first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device, and the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path; a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist on the first path, the two endpoints of the first tunnel are the first user edge device and the first gateway device, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are the second user edge device and the second gateway device, respectively; the method includes: The second user edge device determines the transmission status of the first path; the transmission status of the first path is the transmission status of service packets from the first user edge device to the second user edge device through the first path; the service packets include the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device respectively on the target tunnel; the target tunnel is established on the first path, and the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device respectively; the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the first user edge device on the first tunnel; the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the second user edge device on the second tunnel. The second user edge device feeds back the transmission status of the first path to the first user edge device through the first path; the transmission status of the first path is used by the network control device to determine the link quality of the first path.

16. The link quality detection method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second user edge device receives probe packets from the first user edge device through the first path; The second user edge device determines the transmission status of the first path, including: The second user edge device determines the transmission status of the first path within a preset transmission time period of the probe message based on the probe message.

17. A method for establishing a tunnel, characterized in that, The method is applied to a network control device; the network control device manages a first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device; the first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device; the method includes: The network control device determines a first path between the first user edge device and the second user edge device; the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path; the first tunnel and the second tunnel exist on the first path, the two endpoints of the first tunnel are the first user edge device and the first gateway device, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are the second user edge device and the second gateway device, respectively; The network control device determines to establish a target tunnel on the first path; the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively; the Internet Protocol IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the first user edge device on the first tunnel; the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the second user edge device on the second tunnel, and the link quality detection of the first path is performed through the target tunnel.

18. The tunnel construction method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The network control device determines to establish a target tunnel on the first path, including: The network control device determines first information based on the first tunnel and the second tunnel; the first information includes the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device respectively on the target tunnel; the first information is used to establish the target tunnel; The network control device sends the first information to the first user edge device and the second user edge device.

19. A method for establishing a tunnel, characterized in that, The method is applied to a first user edge device; a network control device manages the first user edge device, a first gateway device, a second gateway device, and a second user edge device; the first user edge device accesses a first network through the first gateway device, and the second user edge device accesses the first network through the second gateway device; a first path exists between the first user edge device and the second user edge device; the first gateway device and the second gateway device are deployed on the first path; a first tunnel and a second tunnel exist on the first path, the two endpoints of the first tunnel are the first user edge device and the first gateway device, and the two endpoints of the second tunnel are the second user edge device and the second gateway device, respectively; the method includes: The first user edge device receives first information from the network control device; the first information includes the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the first user edge device and the second user edge device on the target tunnel; the two endpoints of the target tunnel are the first user edge device and the second user edge device, respectively; the IP address of the first user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the first user edge device on the first tunnel; the IP address of the second user edge device on the target tunnel is the logical interface address of the second user edge device on the second tunnel. The first user edge device initiates a target tunnel establishment process to the second user edge device based on the first information, so as to establish the target tunnel on the first path, and the link quality detection of the first path is performed through the target tunnel.

20. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes a processor connected to a memory for storing a computer program. The processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the link quality detection method as described in any one of claims 1-6, or the link quality detection method as described in any one of claims 7-10, or the link quality detection method as described in any one of claims 11-12, or the link quality detection method as described in any one of claims 13-14, or the link quality detection method as described in any one of claims 15-16.

21. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when the computer program is run, implements the link quality detection method as described in any one of claims 1-6, or the link quality detection method as described in any one of claims 7-10, or the link quality detection method as described in any one of claims 11-12, or the link quality detection method as described in any one of claims 13-14, or the link quality detection method as described in any one of claims 15-16.

22. A chip, characterized in that, Including processors and interfaces; The processor is configured to read instructions to execute the link quality detection method according to any one of claims 1-6, or the link quality detection method according to any one of claims 7-10, or the link quality detection method according to any one of claims 11-12, or the link quality detection method according to any one of claims 13-14, or the link quality detection method according to any one of claims 15-16.

23. A link quality detection system, characterized in that, The device includes a network control device that performs the link quality detection method according to any one of claims 1-6, a first user edge device that performs the link quality detection method according to any one of claims 7-10, a first gateway device that performs the link quality detection method according to any one of claims 11-12, a second gateway device that performs the link quality detection method according to any one of claims 13-14, or a second user edge device that performs the link quality detection method according to any one of claims 15-16.

24. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes a processor connected to a memory for storing computer programs, and the processor is configured to execute the computer programs stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the tunnel establishment method as described in any one of claims 17-18, or the tunnel establishment method as described in claim 19.

25. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed, implements the tunnel establishment method as described in any one of claims 17-18, or the tunnel establishment method as described in claim 19.

26. A chip, characterized in that, Including processors and interfaces; The processor is configured to read instructions to execute the tunnel establishment method according to any one of claims 17-18, or the tunnel establishment method according to claim 19.

27. A tunnel construction system, characterized in that, It includes a network control device that performs the tunnel establishment method according to any one of claims 17-18, and a first user edge device and a second user edge device that perform the tunnel establishment method according to claim 19.

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