An excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution

Abstract

An excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution, comprising a housing, an excitation source, an impact device, and a conductor. At least two cavities are separated in the middle of the housing. An impact device and a conductor are respectively arranged in each cavity, and both ends of the conductor extend out of the housing. An excitation source is arranged in the housing, and the cavity where the excitation source is located is respectively communicated with the cavities where the impact devices are located through at least one flow channel. The excitation source receives an excitation signal and acts to drive each of the impact devices to act simultaneously or successively, disconnecting the corresponding conductor, and forming at least one break on the conductor. Through the design of the flow channel structure, the present invention enables multiple impact devices to act simultaneously or successively, realizes various functions, connects the conductors in series or parallel according to actual needs, improves the breaking capacity, can be applied to different breaking requirements, and can protect multiple groups of circuits simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of power control and electric vehicles, and in particular to an excitation protection device that uses a single excitation source to drive multiple impact devices to disconnect a circuit. Background Art

[0002] At present, in addition to traditional thermal fuses, there already exists a structure for quickly cutting off a circuit in electric vehicle battery pack protection devices, namely an excitation protection device, and its application scope is gradually expanding. Its main purpose is to overcome the deficiencies of traditional fuses, such as large heat generation, high power consumption, large volume and weight, limited anti-current impact ability, long breaking time, and uncontrolled breaking process.

[0003] The general structure of an excitation protection device includes a housing, in which an excitation source, an impact device, and a conductive member are sequentially arranged, and a pre-breaking port is provided on the conductive member. Its working principle: When a fault current appears in the main circuit of the battery pack, the excitation source in the excitation protection device connected in series in the main circuit of the battery pack is triggered. The excitation source acts to generate high-pressure gas, which pushes the impact device downward to break the pre-breaking port of the conductive member, forming a physical break on the conductive member. Since the conductive member of the excitation protection device is connected in series with the main circuit of the battery pack, the arc generated at the break of the conductive member gradually cools and extinguishes in the air, and the current is cut off, thus achieving the purpose of quickly disconnecting the circuit.

[0004] The earliest excitation protection device had a structure of a single excitation source, a single impact device, and a single pre-breaking port. While having advantages such as good current impact resistance, low power consumption, and fast breaking, it also had disadvantages such as low breaking capacity, insufficient arc extinguishing ability, and low breaking voltage. Based on the drawbacks of the above structure, researchers developed a structure with a single excitation source, a single impact device, two pre-breaking ports or multiple pre-breaking ports. The sequence and time difference of the disconnection of the two pre-breaking ports or multiple pre-breaking ports were regulated by setting punches with different heights on the impact device, which to a certain extent solved the problems of low breaking capacity, insufficient arc extinguishing ability, and low breaking voltage of a single pre-breaking port. However, there are also the following deficiencies: The sequence and time difference of the disconnection of multiple pre-breaking ports are only adjusted by the height difference of the punches of a single impact device, with few adjustable parameters and a small adjustable range; When the impact device moves, the punches with different heights on the impact device break the pre-breaking ports successively, resulting in uneven overall force on the impact device, which is prone to fragmentation and affects the breaking. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution. With a single excitation source corresponding to multiple impact devices and multiple conductors, fuses can be connected in parallel on the conductors. Through the single excitation source and the parallel connection mode of the conductors, the protection of multiple main circuits can be achieved. Through the series connection mode of the conductors, the breaking capacity of the excitation protection device can be improved. By controlling the flow channel size between the excitation source and the impact device, the present invention can control the sequence of actions of the impact devices, so that while achieving circuit protection, it can also achieve circuit connection or indication of operation at the same time, realizing multiple functions with one device.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is an excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution, which includes a housing, an excitation source, impact devices, and conductors. One excitation source and at least two impact devices are provided in the housing. At least one conductor is passed through the housing corresponding to each impact device, and both ends of the conductor extend out of the housing. In the housing, each impact device is located in a different cavity, and the cavities do not communicate with each other. The cavity where the excitation source is located is respectively communicated with the cavities where each impact device is located through at least one flow channel. The excitation source receives an excitation signal and acts to drive each impact device to displace simultaneously or successively. At least one impact device disconnects the corresponding conductor during the displacement process, forming at least one break on the conductor.

[0007] Preferably, the conductor corresponding to one of the impact devices in the housing is composed of a first conductive part and a second conductive part that are not connected to each other. One ends of the first conductive part and the second conductive part are located outside the housing, and the other ends are located in the cavity where the corresponding impact device is located and are arranged in a staggered manner. The excitation source acts according to the received excitation signal to drive the impact device to drive the first conductive part and the second conductive part to be conductively connected.

[0008] Preferably, an independent cavity is further provided in the housing, and an impact device for indication is provided in the independent cavity. The independent cavity is communicated with the cavity where the excitation source is located or with the cavities where other impact devices are located. The excitation source acts according to the received excitation signal to drive one end of the impact device for indication to extend out of the housing. The end extending out of the housing can be communicated with an indication circuit located outside the excitation protection device, or an indication device is provided at the end of the impact device extending out of the housing.

[0009] Preferably, the cross-sectional area sizes and lengths of the flow channels corresponding to the cavities where each impact device is located are the same or different, and the distances between each flow channel and the excitation source are the same or different.

[0010] Preferably, a limiting structure for restricting the initial position of the impact device is provided between the impact device and the cavity where it is located.

[0011] Preferably, a guiding device for guiding the displacement of the impact device is arranged between the impact device and the cavity where it is located.

[0012] Preferably, at least one fuse is connected in parallel to at least one of the conductors; the corresponding impact device can sequentially disconnect the conductor and the fuse.

[0013] Preferably, the distance between the top of each impact device and the top of the cavity where it is located is equal to or greater than zero; the flow channel opening in the cavity where each impact device is located is above the top of the impact device.

[0014] Preferably, a fusing weak point is arranged on one side or both sides of the fuse breaking position, and the fusing weak point is located in the arc extinguishing chamber arranged in the housing.

[0015] Preferably, a pushing block is arranged in the housing on the side of the fuse close to the conductor. After the impact device disconnects the conductor, the pushing block is driven to disconnect the fuse.

[0016] Preferably, the end of the pushing block close to the fuse is in sealed contact with the cavity where it is located.

[0017] Preferably, at least one breaking weak point is arranged on the conductor and the fuse in the displacement direction of the impact device.

[0018] Preferably, a rotating weak point is arranged on the first conductive part located in the housing. One end of the second conductive part is bent into an inclined surface structure in the advancing direction of the impact device. After the impact device drives one end of the first conductive part to bend along the rotating weak point, it makes conductive contact with the inclined surface structure of the second conductive part.

[0019] Preferably, a pressure regulating device is arranged on at least one flow channel.

[0020] Advantages of the present invention:

[0021] 1. A single excitation source is respectively communicated with the cavities where a plurality of independently arranged impact devices are located through flow channels. By controlling the size of the flow channel and the size of the space between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where it is located, the simultaneous or sequential actions of the impact devices can be controlled. While forming multiple breaking points on one device, multiple functions such as disconnecting the circuit, releasing the residual energy of the circuit load, and indicating the circuit fault can be realized.

[0022] 2. Compared with the excitation protection device of the present invention and that of a multi-excitation source, the control system or PCB control board for sending excitation signals to the multi-excitation source is omitted; only through the design of the flow channel size, structure of the product, and the space between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where it is located, the sequential actions of the impact devices are controlled. The design is simpler and more convenient for customers to use, without the need for customers to develop and design a control system for the excitation protection device.

[0023] 3. Multiple circuit protections are achieved through the parallel connection of conductors, or the breaking capacity of a single circuit is improved through series connection. The excitation protection device can be made into a standard device. According to actual needs, it can be selected whether to use the parallel connection of conductors for multiple circuit protections or series connection to improve the breaking capacity; or both the parallel and series connections of conductors coexist, that is, multiple circuit protections are achieved and the breaking capacity is also improved.

[0024] 4. Multiple loops are independent of each other and can be secondarily connected in series or parallel to form a device with higher breaking capacity and higher insulation capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram in the normal working state of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 The schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the A-A section in

[0027] Figure 3 is Figure 1 The schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the B-B section in

[0028] Figure 4 is Figure 1 The schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the C-C section in

[0029] Figure 5 is Figure 1 The schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the D-D section in

[0030] Figure 6 is Figure 1 The schematic cross-sectional structure diagram after the excitation source and the impact device act when a fault occurs in

[0031] Figure 7 is Figure 2 The schematic structure diagram after the excitation source and the impact device act.

[0032] Figure 8 is Figure 3 The schematic structure diagram after the excitation source and the impact device act.

[0033] Figure 9 is Figure 4 The schematic structure diagram after the excitation source and the impact device act.

[0034] Figure 10 is Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure after the excitation source and the impact device operate.

[0035] Figure 11 The Figure 1 schematic diagram of the structure in which each part is divided into four parts a, b, c, and d.

[0036] Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the excitation protection device structure in Embodiment 2, with the pressure regulating device omitted.

[0037] Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the excitation protection device structure formed by combining the three parts a, c, and d in Embodiment 3.

[0038] Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of the external structure of the excitation protection device formed by combining four a parts in Embodiment 4.

[0039] Figure 15 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the excitation protection device formed by combining four a parts in Embodiment 4 under the normal working state.

[0040] Figure 16 is Figure 15 in which, taking the structure of one a part as an example, the schematic diagram of the E-E sectional structure.

[0041] Figure 17 is when a circuit fault occurs, Figure 15 the schematic diagram of the excitation source and the impact device operating.

[0042] Figure 18 is when a circuit fault occurs, Figure 16 the schematic diagram of the excitation source and the impact device operating.

[0043] Figure 19 is another implementation method in Embodiment 4.

[0044] Figure 20 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the excitation protection device in Embodiment 5 under the normal working state. Specific implementation manners

[0045] For the above technical solutions, several preferred embodiments are given and specifically described in combination with the drawings. The positional relationships in the embodiments, such as above, below, left, and right, are only for clearly helping to understand the above technical solutions and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] The housing, see Figure 1 and Figure 2, including an upper housing 103 and a lower housing 114, which are hermetically connected; a bottom cover 115 is provided at the bottom of the lower housing to seal the lower housing 114. The bottom cover is hermetically designed, which can not only prevent external objects from contaminating the fracture, but also prevent the high-temperature electric arc from spraying out of the housing and damaging the surrounding devices. Four independent cavities are respectively and spacedly provided on the upper housing 103 and the lower housing 114 and penetrate through. In the four independent cavities located in the upper housing, impact devices (104, 105, 106, 107) are respectively provided. In the independent cavity of the lower housing, a space for the sufficient displacement of the impact device is provided. A cavity 130 is also provided on the upper housing. A limiting step is provided on the cavity 130, and an excitation source 101 is provided at the limiting step. The cavity 130 where the excitation source 101 is located is respectively communicated with the tops of the cavities where the four impact devices (104, 105, 106, 107) are located through flow channels, that is, the openings of the flow channels in the cavities where the impact devices are located are located above the tops of the impact devices. The fixing method of the excitation source only needs to satisfy the requirement of fixing it. For example, it can be embedded and injection-molded inside the upper housing, or a pressing piece can be added at its upper end to cooperate with the stepped hole of the upper housing for limiting. The excitation source is an electronic ignition device. After receiving the excitation signal, the electronic ignition device performs an ignition action, generates a large amount of high-pressure gas, and provides driving force for each impact device. The excitation source is in sealed contact with the cavity where it is located. For example, a sealing ring is provided between the excitation source and the cavity where it is located to seal the contact surface. A pressure regulating device 102 is provided on the flow channel communicating the cavity where the excitation source 101 is located with the cavity where the impact device 107 is located. In this embodiment, the pressure regulating device 102 is a pressure regulating rod. The pressure regulating rod 102 is a bolt structure, which penetrates into the flow channel from the outside of the upper housing. The pressure regulating rod is threadedly connected to the upper housing, and the pressure is regulated by adjusting the position of one end of the pressure regulating rod in the flow channel.

[0048] The impact devices (104, 105, 106, 107) are in sealed contact with the cavities where they are located. For example, a sealing ring is provided between the impact devices and the cavities where they are located to seal the contact surface, preventing the high-pressure gas generated by the excitation source from entering the cavities below the impact devices, hindering the movement of the impact devices, or causing backwash to the impact devices. A limiting structure and a guiding device are provided between the contact surfaces of the impact devices and the cavities where they are located. The limiting structure can be that protrusions are spacedly provided on the impact devices, and grooves are provided at corresponding positions on the inner wall of the cavity. The protrusions of the impact devices are clamped in the grooves of the cavity to form a limiting structure to limit the initial position of the impact devices. The setting of the limiting structure satisfies that when the impact devices are driven by the excitation source, they can displace after overcoming the limitation of the limiting structure. The guiding device includes guiding chutes opened inside the cavity. At the positions corresponding to the chutes on the impact devices, corresponding sliders are provided. The sliders on the impact devices are arranged in the guiding chutes. When the impact devices are driven by the excitation source, they can perform linear displacement along the guiding chutes. The guiding device can prevent the impact devices from rotating. In this example, the impact devices are in a T-shaped structure. See Figures 2 to 5, one end of its large end face with a large size is close to the side of the excitation source.

[0049] Conductors (108, 111) are respectively passed through the independent cavities where the impact devices (104, 106) are located. Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 . The conductors (108, 111) are respectively located between the upper housing 103 and the lower housing 114. The two ends of the conductors (108, 111) are respectively located outside both sides of the housing. The conductors (108, 111) are in sealed contact with the upper housing and the lower housing. Disconnection weak points 120 are respectively arranged on the conductors (108, 111) located in the cavities. Rotation weak points 121 are arranged on both sides of the disconnection weak points 120. The purpose of setting the disconnection weak points is to facilitate the impact device to disconnect the conductor from the disconnection weak points. The purpose of setting the rotation weak points is to ensure that after the conductor is disconnected at the disconnection weak points, the disconnected conductor rotates along a predetermined trajectory under the drive of the impact device. Refer to Figure 8 and Figure 10 , and a distance is opened from the conductor fracture. The forms of the disconnection weak points and the rotation weak points can be structures that reduce strength such as "V"-shaped grooves, "U"-shaped grooves, reduced cross-sections, or pre-rolled openings, etc. However, the structural strength of the rotation weak points needs to be higher than that of the disconnection weak points to avoid adverse effects caused by the fracture of the rotation weak points during operation.

[0050] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 . The impact devices (104, 106) are in a T-shaped structure. The large-size end is located on the side of the excitation source, and the small-size end is close to the side of the conductor. The small-size end is the impact end. The structure of the impact end is a tapered contraction cross-section structure, or it can also be a blade-like structure, a pointed structure, or other structures that are beneficial to increasing the force per unit area.

[0051] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 . A fuse 113 is connected in parallel to the conductor 111. The fuse 113 is located in the lower housing 114. The fuse 113 is passed through the independent cavity located in the lower housing. Arc extinguishing chambers 116 are also arranged in the lower housing on both sides of the independent cavity. An arc extinguishing medium is filled in the arc extinguishing chambers 116. The arc extinguishing medium can be solid, such as silica, aluminum oxide, silica gel, or insulating liquid, inert gas, etc., which are objects helpful for arc extinguishing. The fuse 113 passes through the independent cavity located in the lower housing. The two ends of the fuse are bent out of the lower housing from the arc extinguishing chambers 116 and are connected in parallel to the conductor 111. The connection method can adopt bolt connection, elastic sheet connection, welding connection, etc. Disconnection weak points are arranged on the fuse 113 passed through the independent cavity. In Figure 5In the invention, two disconnection weak points are provided at intervals to form a pre-break on the melt. A fusible weak point is provided on the melt part in the arc extinguishing chamber, and the fusible weak point is in the arc extinguishing medium. The fusible weak point can be a narrow neck, or a metallurgical effect point, or a low melting point material, which is a structure or material that is easier to melt than the melt body structure or material at the same temperature. A push block 112 is provided in the independent cavity above the pre-break of the melt. The independent cavity located in the lower shell is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The upper end of the push block 112 is located in the independent cavity part with a larger size, and the lower end is located in the independent cavity with a smaller size. The outer dimensions of the push block match the outer dimensions of the independent cavity part with a smaller size. A limiting structure is provided at the contact surface between the push block 112 and the lower shell, and the limiting structure limits the initial position of the push block. When the push block is impacted by the impact device, it can break through the limit of the limiting structure and move to the pre-break of the melt to disconnect the melt. See FIG. Figure 10 .

[0052] The independent cavity where the impact device 105 is located is provided with a first conductive member 109 and a second conductive member 110. Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the first conductive member 109 and the second conductive member 110 are located between the upper shell and the lower shell, one end of which is located outside the shell, and the other end is respectively located in the independent cavity of the lower shell. The first conductive member 109 and the second conductive member 110 are staggered at one end located in the independent cavity, one end of the first conductive member 109 is close to the impact device 105, and one end of the second conductive member 110 is far away from the impact device 107. A rotational weak point 122 is provided on the first conductive member 109 located in the independent cavity, and the portion from the rotational weak point 122 to the end face is bent toward the direction of the impact device at a certain angle, and then limited by a limiting structure. The limiting structure satisfies. One end of the second conductive member 110 located in the independent cavity is bent toward the bottom of the lower shell to form an inclined structure. When the first conductive member 109 is impacted by the impact device 107, it overcomes the limiting structure on the first conductive member, see Figure 9 , rotates toward the second conductive member along the rotational weak point 122 and makes conductive contact with the inclined surface structure on the second conductive member. A buffer device is also provided between the second conductive member and the bottom of the lower shell body to buffer the impact caused by the impact device.

[0053] The first conductive member 109 and the second conductive member 110 are in a non-contact state under normal working conditions. When the conductors (108, 111) are disconnected under the action of the impact device, the first conductive member 109 and the second conductive member 110 enter the cavity where the impact device 105 is located through the flow channel when the high-pressure gas generated by the excitation source 101 enters the cavity where the impact device 105 is located. When the pressure of the high-pressure gas entering the cavity accumulates to a certain pressure value, the impact device 105 is driven to move. The impact device drives the first conductive member 109 to move and connect with the second conductive member 110. See Figure 9, the energy release circuit is turned on to release the residual electrical energy of the load in the circuit connected to the conductors (108, 111), improving the maintenance safety performance.

[0054] See Figure 5 , the small-sized end of the impact device 107 enters the independent cavity in the lower housing. The shape of the independent cavity part in the lower housing matches the shape of the small-sized end of the impact device 107. Since the impact device 107 has a T-shaped structure, the diameter of the independent cavity part in the upper housing is larger than that in the lower housing. Then, the upper end face of the lower housing forms a limit for the impact device 107. When the impact device 107 displaces, the lower surface of its large-sized end can be clamped at the upper end face of the lower housing to prevent the impact device 107 from excessive displacement. The cavity where the impact device 107 is located is connected to the cavity where the excitation source 101 is located through a flow channel. By adjusting the position of one end of the pressure adjustment rod 102 in the flow channel, the pressure size passing through the flow channel is adjusted.

[0055] When the excitation source 101 receives an excitation signal and acts, see Figure 11 , the high-pressure gas generated by it enters the cavity where the impact device 107 is located through the flow channel, driving the impact device 107 to displace and the small-sized end of the impact device 107 to extend out of the lower housing, turning on the indication circuit located outside the excitation protection device for alarm indication, reminding that the circuit has a fault and needs to be repaired.

[0056] In the excitation protection device of the present invention, the conductors located in the housing are arranged in parallel, and one end of the conductors located outside the housing can be connected in series according to actual needs.

[0057] The working principle of this embodiment:

[0058] See Figures 1 to 10 , the conductors (108, 111) are connected in parallel to different circuits respectively, that is, both ends of the conductor 108 located outside the housing are connected to one circuit respectively, and both ends of the conductor 111 located outside the housing are connected to another circuit for protection; in the case where the first conductive member and the second conductive member are connected to the energy release circuit; the energy release circuit refers to the circuit that is connected to the load in the protected circuit and can release the residual energy of the load, and the energy release circuit is generally grounded. Figures 1 to 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the normal working state, Figures 6 to 10 is the structural schematic diagram after the excitation source and the impact device act.

[0059] After receiving the excitation signal, the excitation source 101 operates, igniting to generate high-pressure gas. The high-pressure gas enters the tops of the cavities where the impact devices (104, 105, 106, 107) are located through a flow channel communicating with the cavities where the impact devices are located. The sequence of operation of the impact devices is determined by the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel, the length of the flow channel, the size of the space between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where it is located, and the length of the distance between the flow channel and the excitation source. When the top of the impact device is flush with the top of the cavity where it is located, the sequence of operation is determined by the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel, the length, and the length of the distance between the flow channel and the excitation source.

[0060] As Figures 1 to 10 shown, the tops of the impact devices (104, 105, 106) are all flush with the tops of the cavities where they are located; the sizes of the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels communicating with the cavities where the impact devices (104, 106) are located are the same, so the impact devices (104, 106) operate simultaneously. The size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel communicating with the cavity where the impact device 105 is located is smaller than the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel communicating with the cavities where the impact devices (104, 106) are located, but larger than the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel communicating with the cavity where the impact device 107 is located, and there is a certain space between the top of the impact device 107 and the top of the cavity where it is located. Therefore, the impact device 105 operates after the impact devices (104, 106), and the impact device 107 operates last.

[0061] Driven by the excitation source 101, the impact device 104 displaces along the guiding device to disconnect the conductor 108. Refer to Figure 7 , a fracture is formed on the conductor 108, disconnecting the circuit connected to the conductor 108 to protect it; after the impact device 106 displaces along the guiding device to disconnect the conductor 111 in sequence, refer to Figure 9 , it pushes the push block 112 to disconnect the fuse 113, forming at least one fracture on the conductor 111 and the fuse 113 respectively, disconnecting the circuit connected to the conductor 111 to protect it; refer to Figure 8 , the impact device 105 displaces along the guiding device to drive the first conductive part 109 to displace and conductively connect with the second conductive part 110, turning on the energy release circuit to release the residual electric energy in the loads in the circuits connected to the conductor 108 and the conductor 111; after the impact devices (104, 105, 106) complete their operations, refer to Figure 10 , the impact device 107 displaces along the guiding device and makes the small-sized end of the impact device 107 extend out of the housing to turn on the indication circuit. The indication circuit generates a fault, indicating that the protection device has operated for protection and the circuit needs to be repaired in time.

[0062] The impact devices 104 and 106 can operate simultaneously or successively. If the energy release circuit is only connected to the load in one of the circuits, the impact device 105 will operate after the circuit is disconnected, connecting the energy release circuit to release the residual energy of the load in that circuit. It is not necessary for all the conductors in the circuits to be disconnected before connecting the energy release circuit.

[0063] See Figures 1 to 10 Another practical usage mode: When one end of the conductor 108 and the conductor 111 are connected in series and the other end is connected to the same circuit, and the first conductive part and the second conductive part are connected to the energy release circuit of this circuit: The principle is the same as the principle of the above-mentioned conductor 108 and conductor 111 being connected in parallel to different circuits. The conductor 108 and the conductor 111 can be disconnected simultaneously or successively. The energy release circuit must be connected after the conductor 108 and the conductor 111 are completely disconnected from the circuit, that is, the impact device 105 must operate after the impact devices 104 and 106 have completed their operations and completely cut off the circuit. The impact device 107 operates last after the impact devices (104, 105, 106) have completed their operations to complete the indication work.

[0064] In Embodiment 1 Figure 1 Each part in Figure 11 can be used as an independent part. See

[0065] It is divided into four parts a, b, c, and d with independent functions. The four parts a, b, c, and d share a single excitation source, and the sequential operation of the impact devices is controlled by the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel, the length, and the distance between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where it is located. The four parts a, b, c, and d can be freely combined as needed to form excitation protection devices with various structural forms.

[0065] Embodiment 2

[0066] The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that the pressure regulating device 102 is removed. See Figure 12 and the operating sequence of the impact device 107 is adjusted only by the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel. The rest is the same as Embodiment 1.

[0067] Embodiment 3

[0068] This embodiment is formed by three parts a, c, and d. See Figure 13 Three independent cavities are provided on the upper housing and the lower housing. The cavity where the excitation source 101 is located is connected to the cavities where the impact devices (104, 106, 107) are located through flow channels, and the openings of the flow channels are located above the tops of the respective impact devices.

[0069] Part a includes an impact device 104 and a conductor 108 disposed in an independent cavity formed between an upper housing and a lower housing. Part c includes an impact device 106, a conductor 111, a push block 112 disposed in the independent cavity, and a fuse 113 connected in parallel to the conductor 111. Part d includes an impact device 107 disposed in the independent cavity. The cross-sectional area of the flow channel connecting the excitation source 101 to the cavity where the impact device 104 is located is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the flow channel connecting the excitation source 101 to the cavity where the impact device 106 is located, and larger than the cross-sectional area of the flow channel connecting the excitation source 101 to the cavity where the impact device 107 is located; there is no gap between the top of the impact device 104 and the top of the cavity where it is located; the distance between the top of the impact device 107 and the top of the cavity where it is located is relatively large. From the above, it can be seen that the impact device 106 operates first, the impact device 104 operates later, and the impact device 107 operates last.

[0070] Therefore, the working principle of Embodiment 3:

[0071] After receiving an excitation signal, the excitation source 101 operates, ignites to generate high-pressure gas, and then drives the impact device 106 to displace along the guiding device against the limiting structure to sequentially disconnect the conductor 111, and then pushes the push block 112 to operate to disconnect the fuse 113, forming at least one fracture on the conductor 111 and the fuse 113 respectively, disconnecting the circuit connected to the conductor 111, and protecting it; after the impact device 106 then drives the impact device 108 to operate along the guiding device, when the high-pressure gas in the cavity above the top of the impact device 104 accumulates to a pressure exceeding the threshold, it drives the impact device 104 to operate against the limiting structure, disconnect the conductor 108, form at least one fracture on the conductor 108, disconnect the circuit connected to the conductor 108, and protect it; after the impact devices (104, 106) complete their operations and the conductors (108, 111) and the fuse 113 are disconnected, the high-pressure gas in the cavity above the top of the impact device 107 accumulates to a pressure exceeding the threshold. Driven by the high-pressure gas, the impact device 107 displaces along the guiding device against the limiting structure and extends the small-size end of the impact device 107 out of the housing to connect the indicating circuit, and the indicating circuit generates a fault, indicating that the protection device has operated for protection and the circuit needs to be repaired in time.

[0072] When the conductors 108 and 111 are connected in series to the same circuit for protection, the operating principle is the same as above. The impact device 106 operates first to disconnect the conductor 111 and the fuse 113, the impact device 104 operates later to disconnect the conductor 108, and the impact device 107 operates last after the impact devices 104 and 106 complete their operations.

[0073] Embodiment 4

[0074] This embodiment is formed by using four parts a. Refer to Figures 14 to 18, four independent cavities are formed in the upper housing 303 and the lower housing 312. Since the lower ends of the independent cavities do not penetrate the lower housing, a bottom cover is not provided in this embodiment. Impact devices (304, 305, 306, 307) are arranged in each independent cavity, and conductors (308, 309, 310, 311) are respectively arranged between the upper housing 303 and the lower housing 312. The impact devices and the conductor structures in each independent cavity are the same. Take the impact device 304 as an example for illustration. Refer to Figure 16 , the impact ends of the impact devices (304, 305, 306, 307) are of a reduced cross-section structure, similar to an inverted trapezoidal structure. The bottom structure shape of the independent cavity part located in the lower housing 312 matches the outer shape of the impact end of the impact device, so that when the impact device is displaced to the position, it can be in close contact with the bottom of the independent cavity in the lower housing. Refer to Figure 18 , so that the conductor parts on both sides of the conductor break are completely insulated under the action of the impact device, preventing the arc from reigniting and further improving the arc extinguishing ability.

[0075] The distance between the top of the impact devices (304, 305, 306) and the top of the cavity where they are located is zero. The cavity where the excitation source 301 is located is communicated with the top of the cavity where the impact devices (304, 305, 306) are located through a flow channel, and the flow sizes are the same. A certain distance is reserved between the top of the impact device 307 and the top of the cavity where it is located. The cavity where the excitation source 301 is located is communicated with the cavity above the top of the impact device 307 through a flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the flow channel connecting the cavity where the excitation source 301 is located and the cavity where the impact devices (304, 305, 306) are located. A pressure regulating device 302 is arranged on the flow channel connecting the cavity where the impact device 307 is located and the cavity where the excitation source 301 is located, and the pressure regulating device is a pressure regulating rod 302.

[0076] As can be seen from the above, in this example, the impact devices (304, 305, 306) act simultaneously to respectively disconnect the conductors (308, 309, 310), and at least one break is formed on each conductor. The impact device 307 acts after the impact devices (304, 305, 306) complete their actions to disconnect the conductor 311, and at least one break is formed on the conductor 311.

[0077] The excitation protection device with the structural form of Embodiment 4 can be used for the line protection of the three-phase four-wire system in a low-voltage distribution system. Three conductors (308, 309, 310) are respectively externally connected to the A, B, and C phases of the three-phase four-wire line, and another conductor 311 is externally connected to the neutral line N of the three-phase four-wire line. When the three-phase four-wire line needs to be disconnected for protection, the excitation source 301 receives an excitation signal and acts to release high-pressure gas, and the impact devices (304, 305, 306) act simultaneously to disconnect the conductors (308, 309, 310) respectively connected to the three phases at the same time, realizing the disconnection of the phase lines of A, B, and C first; after the three-phase lines are disconnected, the high-pressure gas pressure in the space above the top of the impact device 307 accumulates and exceeds the threshold, driving the impact device 307 to act to disconnect the conductor 311 connected to the neutral line, realizing the disconnection of the neutral line N later.

[0078] Figure 19 For another implementation manner in Embodiment 4, a pressure regulating device is not provided on the flow channel communicating with the cavity where the impact device 307 is located.

[0079] Embodiment 5

[0080] Figure 20 For another implementation manner in Embodiment 4, the housing includes an upper housing 402 and a lower housing 411, and the difference from Embodiment 4 lies in: the positional relationship of the excitation source 401 in the upper housing 402. The cavity where the excitation source 401 is located is communicated with the top of the cavity where the impact devices (404, 405) are located through a flow channel, and the distance between the top of the impact device and the top of its cavity is zero. The sizes of the flow channels through which the cavity where the excitation source 401 is located is communicated with the top of the cavity where the impact devices (404, 405) are located are the same. The cavity where the excitation source 401 is located is communicated with the cavity above the top of the impact devices (403, 406) through a flow channel, and there is a space reserved between the top of the impact devices (403, 406) and the top of their cavity, and the sizes of the spaces are the same. The sizes of the flow channels through which the cavity where the excitation source 401 is located is partially communicated with the cavity above the top of the impact devices (403, 406) are the same. From the above structure, it can be seen that the excitation source 301 can drive the impact devices (404, 405) to act simultaneously to disconnect the conductors (408, 409) respectively, and at least one fracture is formed on each conductor; after the impact devices (404, 405) act, the impact devices (403, 406) act to disconnect the conductors (407, 410) respectively, and at least one fracture is formed on the conductors (407, 410).

[0081] In the above embodiments, the conductors in the a part and the c part structures can be connected in parallel to protect different circuits respectively; the conductors can also be connected in series to protect the same circuit. Whether the conductors are connected in parallel or in series, their corresponding impact devices can act simultaneously or act successively as needed.

[0082] The b - part structure of the energy - releasing circuit. The energy - releasing circuit can be connected to the loads in each protected circuit to release the residual energy of the loads, improving the safety performance during maintenance. The energy - releasing circuit can also be connected only to the loads in one protected circuit to release the residual energy. No matter which energy - releasing circuit in the protected circuit the b - part is connected to, the principle is that the impact device of the b - part must act after the circuit where the load it is connected to is disconnected, and then connect the energy - releasing circuit to release the energy.

[0083] Regardless of how the d - part is freely combined with the a - part structure, b - part structure, and c - part structure, its action is to act after the actions of the a - part structure, b - part structure, and c - part structure are all completed, and then act to indicate and stimulate the action completion of the protection device for the protected circuit, reminding that the circuit has a fault and needs maintenance.

[0084] In the above - mentioned embodiments, multiple break - weak points can be set on each conductor. The impact end of the corresponding impact device is designed with corresponding impact heads according to the break - weak points to be disconnected. That is, the impact end of one impact device can have multiple impact heads, and the heights of the multiple impact heads can be the same or different. When the impact device disconnects the conductor, multiple break - points can be formed on one conductor simultaneously or successively, improving the breaking capacity of the excitation protection device.

[0085] The excitation protection device of the present invention adjusts the sequential action of the impact device by controlling the size of the communication flow - path between the cavity where the single excitation source is located and the cavity where the impact device is located, and the size of the space between the top of the impact device and the top of its cavity. It avoids using different excitation sources to control the sequential action of the impact device, saves the usage amount of the excitation source, simplifies the assembled parts, and reduces the production cost.

Claims

1. An excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution, comprising a housing, an excitation source, an impact device, and a conductor, characterized in that, An excitation source and at least two impact devices are arranged in the housing. At least one of the conductors penetrates through the housing corresponding to each of the impact devices, and both ends of the conductor extend out of the housing. In the housing, each of the impact devices is located in a different cavity, and the cavities do not communicate with each other. The cavity where the excitation source is located is communicated with the cavities where each of the impact devices is located through at least one flow channel. The cross-sectional area size and length of the flow channels corresponding to the cavities where each of the impact devices is located are the same or different, and the distances between each of the flow channels and the excitation source are the same or different. The distance between the top of each of the impact devices and the top of the cavity where it is located is equal to or greater than zero. The opening of the flow channel in the cavity where each of the impact devices is located is located above the top of the impact device. The excitation source receives an excitation signal and acts to drive each of the impact devices to displace simultaneously or successively. At least one of the impact devices disconnects the conductor corresponding to it during the displacement process, forming at least one break on the conductor.

2. The excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that The conductor corresponding to one of the impact devices in the housing is composed of a first conductive member and a second conductive member that are not connected to each other. One ends of the first conductive member and the second conductive member are located outside the housing, and the other ends are located in the cavity where the corresponding impact device is located and are arranged in a staggered manner. The excitation source acts according to the received excitation signal to drive the impact device to drive the first conductive member and the second conductive member to be conductively connected.

3. The excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that, An independent cavity is further arranged in the housing. An impact device for indication is arranged in the independent cavity. The independent cavity is communicated with the cavity where the excitation source is located or with the cavities where other impact devices are located. The excitation source acts according to the received excitation signal to drive one end of the impact device for indication to extend out of the housing. The end extending out of the housing can be communicated with an indication circuit located outside the excitation protection device, or an indication device is arranged at the end of the impact device extending out of the housing.

4. The excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that A limiting structure for restricting the initial position of the impact device is arranged between the impact device and the cavity where it is located.

5. The excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A guiding device for guiding the displacement of the impact device is arranged between the impact device and the cavity where it is located.

6. The excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution according to any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that At least one fuse is connected in parallel to at least one of the conductors. The corresponding impact device can disconnect the conductor and the fuse in sequence.

7. The excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution according to claim 6, characterized in that, A fusing weak point is arranged on one side or both sides of the break of the fuse. The fusing weak point is located in an arc extinguishing chamber arranged in the housing.

8. The excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution according to claim 7, characterized in that A push block is arranged in the housing on the side of the fuse close to the conductor. After the impact device disconnects the conductor, it drives the push block to disconnect the fuse.

9. The excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution according to claim 8, characterized in that One end of the push block close to the fuse is in sealed contact with the cavity where it is located.

10. The excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, At least one break weak point is arranged on the conductor and the fuse in the displacement direction of the impact device.

11. The excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution according to claim 2, characterized in that, A rotating weak point is arranged on the first conductive member located in the housing. One end of the second conductive member is bent into an inclined surface structure in the advancing direction of the impact device. The impact device drives one end of the first conductive member to bend along the rotating weak point and then conductively contact the inclined surface structure of the second conductive member.

12. The excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 7 to 9, and 11, characterized in that, A pressure regulating device is provided on at least one flow path.

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