A new type of multi-disc brake

Abstract

A novel multi-disc brake, comprising a braking mechanism, a cooling oil system and a cooling oil temperature monitoring device, a pressure oil system and a monitoring device for the magnitude of the disc spring pressure, and a brake torque detection device, characterized in that: the front end cover of the braking mechanism is fixedly connected to the housing - internal gear ring, the housing - oil cylinder and the rear end cover of the braking mechanism; an internal tooth friction plate group is embedded on the external teeth of the external tooth hollow shaft, an external tooth friction plate group is embedded on the internal teeth of the housing - internal gear ring, and the internal tooth friction plate group and the external tooth friction plate group are interlaced with each other to form a static and dynamic friction pair. The present invention realizes the intelligent control of the long-term operation and safe braking of the belt conveyor. The state monitoring and fault diagnosis functions are improved, making the operation of the belt conveyor system more reliable, more intelligent, and easier to manage and maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a braking device for a belt conveyor, specifically a novel multi-disc brake. Background Art

[0002] Belt conveyors are widely used in the field of bulk material transportation such as coal, cement, and electricity, and have the characteristics of continuous transportation, high efficiency, energy conservation, and environmental protection. The braking system is a core component of the belt conveyor. For downward belt conveyors, disc brakes are generally installed on the low-speed shaft of the reducer or the shaft extension of the drum. During long-term continuous braking of the downward conveyor, the temperature rise is large, the efficiency of the braking device is low after heating, the safety controllability is poor, and it is easy to cause accidents due to runaway. To prevent the generation of sparks, materials such as asbestos are used in the braking device, which has the disadvantages of environmental pollution, fast brake shoe wear, and the need for frequent adjustment and replacement. At the same time, there is a lack of effective monitoring of key state parameters such as the braking torque of the system and the wear amount of the brake shoe, poor fault diagnosis ability, and low intelligent level.

[0003] The patent with the application number 201610091061.2 discloses a "water-cooled multi-disc friction brake". In this patent, pressure oil is used to push the piston to overcome the pressing force of the disc spring, so that the moving and static friction plates are separated from each other, and the rotating shaft can rotate freely. When it is detected that the running speed of the belt conveyor is too fast, the oil pressure in the pressure oil inlet is controlled to be reduced, so that the pressing force of the disc spring and the thrust of the piston are balanced dynamically, and the multi-disc moving friction plates and the multi-disc static friction plates slip against each other to meet the working condition requirements of reducing the belt running speed in a timely manner. Friction force is generated between the moving friction plate and the static friction plate due to the pressing force of the disc spring. The heat generated due to the slipping of the moving and static friction plates is taken away by the cooling water entering through the central hole of the shaft to achieve forced cooling. The disadvantages of this brake are: there is a lack of effective monitoring of key state parameters such as the braking torque of the system and the wear amount of the brake shoe, poor fault diagnosis ability, low intelligent level, and the braking force adjustment device lacks precise control. Moreover, since the friction plates are cooled by water, the effect is poor, which affects the working life of the friction plates. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel multi-disc brake. Through a unique multi-disc brake design and perfect monitoring of the operating state and fault diagnosis, it provides big data support for the control of intelligent operation, making the system operation more reliable, intelligent, and easier to manage and maintain.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: A novel multi-disc brake includes a braking mechanism, a return mechanism, a cooling oil system, a pressure oil system, and a monitoring device. It is characterized in that the outer-toothed hollow shaft of the braking mechanism is sleeved on the load connecting shaft and rotates and axially moves with the load connecting shaft; the front end cover of the braking mechanism is fixedly connected to the housing-inner gear ring, the housing-oil cylinder, and the rear end cover of the braking mechanism; an inner-toothed friction plate group is embedded on the outer teeth of the outer-toothed hollow shaft, and an outer-toothed friction plate group is embedded on the inner teeth of the housing-inner gear ring. The inner-toothed friction plate group and the outer-toothed friction plate group are interlaced with each other to form a static-dynamic friction pair; the static-dynamic friction pair composed of the inner-toothed friction plate group and the outer-toothed friction plate group is located in the braking cavity formed by the front end cover, the housing-inner gear ring, the outer-toothed hollow shaft, and the piston inner ring end face; the return mechanism is that there is a return spring between adjacent outer-toothed friction plates and inner-toothed friction plates. When the brake is in the non-braking state, the adjacent inner and outer toothed friction plates are separated under the action of the return spring; an isolation sealing ring is installed on the side wall of the housing-oil cylinder to isolate the braking cavity from the oil cylinder cavity; a piston is installed in the housing-oil cylinder. The piston end face is composed of an outer ring end face and an inner ring end face. The piston inner ring end face extends into the braking cavity to push the inner-toothed friction plate group and the outer-toothed friction plate group to be pressed and fitted or separated and released. The piston outer ring end face drives the entire piston to move under the push of the pressure oil in the housing-oil cylinder; a plurality of blind holes are opened on the end face of the piston opposite to the rear end cover of the braking mechanism. Disc springs are arranged in the blind holes. A guide rod is installed in the middle hole of the disc spring. The outer end of the guide rod abuts against an adjusting screw installed on the rear end cover of the braking mechanism. The adjusting screw is locked by an external adjusting nut.

[0006] The object of the present invention can also be achieved as follows:

[0007] The monitoring device includes a cooling oil temperature monitoring device, a monitoring device for the pressure of the disc spring, and a brake torque monitoring device.

[0008] For the cooling oil temperature monitoring device, the hydraulic station fills the cooling oil into the gap of the friction plate group in the braking cavity through an oil circuit from the cooling oil inlet, cools the friction plates, and returns it to the hydraulic station through the cooling oil outlet to prevent the friction plates from overheating and generating sparks during the braking process; the cooling oil temperature monitoring device is fixed on the end cover or the housing-inner gear ring. Its temperature sensor probe extends into the interior of the braking cavity to monitor the temperature change in the braking cavity in real time, directly senses the temperature in the braking cavity, and performs real-time feedback through the computer control system. By calculating and adjusting the amount of cooling oil in the hydraulic station, the temperature rise is effectively controlled to ensure the safe operation of the brake.

[0009] For the monitoring device of the disc spring pressure, the hydraulic station fills the pressure oil into the cylinder cavity through the oil circuit of the pressure oil system. Driven by the pressure oil, the whole piston reciprocates to realize the pressing and fitting and the releasing and separating between the inner and outer friction plates in the braking mechanism. For the monitoring device of the disc spring pressure, a pressure sensor is installed at the outer end of the guide rod to monitor the change of the disc spring pressure in real time, display the pressure value, analyze the test data through the control system, give the torque setting value during assembly and maintenance, and cooperate to complete the pre-tightening force debugging of the brake. On the other hand, monitor the wear condition of the friction plate through the change of the pressure value. When the friction plate wears, its thickness becomes thinner. Without adjusting the adjusting screw, the combined height of the disc spring will become larger. At this time, the pressure measured by the detection device will become smaller. Analyze and predict the reduction of the friction plate thickness through the control system, uniformly adjust and calibrate the pressure value of the disc spring by adjusting the screw, timely adjust the friction plate gap to calibrate the rated working torque, and monitor and judge the remaining service time of the friction plate in real time, providing a reliable scientific basis for equipment maintenance and repair.

[0010] For the brake torque monitoring device, a torque adjustment oil cylinder is installed on the force arm connected to the brake housing, and a pressure oil pressure sensor and a return oil cylinder device are installed on the bracket of the brake torque detection device connected to the base; when the pressure setting of the disc spring is adjusted by the disc spring adjustment screw and the adjustment is completed, start the pressure oil system to supply oil. One of the oil circuits enters the oil through the articulated pipe interface at the bottom of the torque adjustment oil cylinder, and the piston rod of the torque adjustment oil cylinder extends to press the pressure oil pressure sensor. When the pressure of the pressure oil is sufficient to offset the disc spring pressure and separate and release the inner tooth friction plate group and the outer tooth friction plate group, the force arm drives the brake to rotate, measure the pressure oil pressure value, and cooperate with the pressure adjustment of the disc spring to adjust the optimal value of the brake torque; when the brake just starts to rotate, the pressure oil pressure value displayed combined with the force arm length, and the calculated torque value is the real-time value of the braking torque of the brake; when the brake needs to return to its original position, the articulated pipe interface at the front end of the torque adjustment oil cylinder enters the oil to push the piston rod to retract, and the return oil cylinder is opened to make the piston rod of the return oil cylinder extend to push the brake back to its original position.

[0011] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: By monitoring the oil temperature of the cooling oil and the oil pressure of the pressure oil in real time and monitoring the change in the pressure of the disc spring in real time, intelligent control of the wet friction brake permanent magnet motor-driven belt conveyor, especially for long-term operation and safe braking of the belt conveyor in coal mine explosion-proof scenarios, is achieved. Overheating and spark generation during the braking process are avoided. By designing and calculating the oil volume of the cooling system, long-term continuous controllable safe braking of the high-power downward belt conveyor is realized, and the braking time reaches and exceeds 180 seconds, achieving a breakthrough and significant technological progress in this field. At the same time, the drive, brake, and intermediate connection components are designed in a system integration manner, saving installation space, improving assembly accuracy, and reducing installation workload. The status monitoring and fault diagnosis functions are improved, making the belt conveyor system operate more reliably, intelligently, and more easily managed and maintained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel multi-disc brake of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 is Figure 1 right view (sectioned);

[0014] Figure 3 is a partial structural diagram of the disc spring, guide rod, and adjusting screw;

[0015] Figure 4 is a partially enlarged view of the installation of the temperature sensor;

[0016] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the working process of the torque detection mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer as the description progresses. However, these embodiments are merely exemplary and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or substitutions can be made to the details and forms of the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but such modifications and substitutions all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] The present invention will be specifically described below in conjunction with the drawings. As Figure 1 is the front view of a novel multi-disc brake described in the present invention, as shown in the figure:

[0019] Brake mechanism and return mechanism parts: front end cover 101; housing - internal gear ring 102; external tooth friction plate group 103; internal tooth friction plate group 104; cooling oil inlet 105; cooling oil outlet 106; housing - oil cylinder 107; piston 108; rear end cover 109; external tooth hollow shaft 110; pressure oil connector 111; isolation sealing ring 112; return spring 113; return spring support and guiding mechanism 114;

[0020] Monitoring and control system parts: adjusting screw 201; guide rod 202; disc spring pressure sensor 203; adjusting nut 204; disc spring 205; cooling oil temperature monitoring device 206; articulated pipe interface 207; piston rod 208; pressure oil pressure sensor 209; torque adjusting oil cylinder 210; reset oil cylinder device 211;

[0021] Base 300.

[0022] A new type of multi - disc brake of the present invention includes a brake mechanism, a return mechanism, a cooling oil system, a pressure oil system and a monitoring device. The monitoring device includes a cooling oil temperature monitoring device, a monitoring device for the magnitude of the disc spring pressure and a brake torque monitoring device.

[0023] The brake mechanism body is connected to the load shaft through the external tooth hollow shaft 110; the cooling oil is filled into the brake cavity through the cooling oil inlet 105 on the brake body by the hydraulic station and returns to the hydraulic station through the cooling oil outlet 106; the detection and control system includes a disc spring pressure, cooling oil temperature, braking torque detection and adjustment mechanism. The disc spring pressure sensor 203 for detecting the magnitude of the disc spring pressure is installed between the adjusting screw 201 and the guide rod 202; the cooling oil temperature detection device 206 for real - time monitoring of the temperature change inside the brake cavity is fixed on the front end cover 101, and the temperature sensor probe can directly sense the cooling oil temperature in the brake cavity; the pressure oil pressure sensor 209 for real - time measuring the braking torque value is installed on the base 300, and when the piston rod 208 of the torque adjusting oil cylinder 210 extends, it presses the contact of the pressure oil pressure sensor 209.

[0024] The monitoring device for the disc spring pressure includes disc springs 205, guide rods 202, pistons 108, adjusting screws 201 and adjusting nuts 204. A total of 3 - 20 such monitoring devices for the disc spring pressure are provided, distributed in the blind holes arranged on the outer end face of the oil cylinder, but the disc spring pressure sensors 203 are installed only on one or several of them. The piston 108 is slidably installed in the housing - oil cylinder. The end face shape of the piston 108 is composed of an outer ring end face and an inner ring end face. The inner ring end face of the piston extends into the braking cavity to push the inner tooth friction plate group 104 and the outer tooth friction plate group 103 to be tightly pressed and fitted or separated and released. The return mechanism is that there is a return spring 113 between adjacent outer tooth friction plates and inner tooth friction plates, and a return spring support and guiding mechanism 114 can be set for support and guiding; when the brake is in the non - braking state, the adjacent inner and outer tooth friction plates are separated under the action of the return spring. The outer ring end face of the piston 108 drives the whole piston to move under the push of the pressure oil in the housing - oil cylinder; on the end face of the piston opposite to the rear end cover of the braking mechanism, there are a plurality of blind holes. The disc spring 205 is placed in the blind holes. The guide rod 202 is installed in the middle hole of the disc spring. The outer end of the guide rod abuts against the adjusting screw 201 installed on the rear end cover of the braking mechanism, and the adjusting screw is locked by the external adjusting nut 204.

[0025] On the front end cover 101 of the braking mechanism or the housing - internal gear ring 102, a cooling oil temperature monitoring device 206 for real - time monitoring of the temperature change inside the braking cavity is also installed. It can real - time monitor the temperature change inside the braking cavity, and feed it back to the control system in real - time through the computer control system. By calculating and adjusting the amount of cooling oil in the hydraulic station, the temperature rise can be effectively controlled to ensure the safe operation of the brake.

[0026] A disc spring pressure sensor 203 is installed between the adjusting screw 201 of the braking mechanism and the guide rod 202, which is used to detect the pressure of the disc spring 205 and can display the disc spring pressure value. Through the analysis of the test data by the control system, the torque setting value during assembly and maintenance is given to cooperate with the pre - tightening force debugging of the brake. On the other hand, the wear condition of the friction plates can be monitored through the change of the pressure value. When the friction plates are worn, their thickness becomes thinner. Without adjusting the adjusting screw, the combined height of the disc spring 205 will become larger. At this time, the pressure measured by the disc spring pressure sensor 203 will become smaller. Through the control system, the reduction of the friction plate thickness can be analyzed and predicted. It can not only timely adjust the friction plate gap to calibrate the rated working torque, but also real - time monitor and judge the remaining service time of the friction plates, providing a reliable scientific basis for equipment maintenance.

[0027] A braking torque detection device is installed on the base, including a torque adjustment oil cylinder 210 and a pressure oil pressure sensor 209. After the disc spring pressure adjustment and calibration are completed, the pressure oil supply system is started. A path of pressure oil enters the torque adjustment oil cylinder from the articulated pipe interface 207 at the bottom of the torque adjustment oil cylinder 210. The piston rod 208 extends to press the contact of the pressure oil pressure sensor 209, and the oil pressure of the pressure oil supply system is adjusted until the lever arm drives the brake to rotate. The braking torque value is calculated through the detected value, or the torque value is displayed in real time. When it is necessary to return to the original position, the other articulated pipe interface 207 at the front end of the torque adjustment oil cylinder 210 is supplied with oil to push the piston rod 208 to retract, and the return oil cylinder 211 is started, so that the piston rod of the return oil cylinder 211 extends to push the brake to return to the original position.

[0028] The present invention is in a normally closed working mode. The inner tooth friction plate group 104 and the outer tooth friction plate group 103 are sleeved on the outer tooth hollow shaft 110 in a staggered order. The inner tooth friction plate group 104 is engaged with the outer teeth on the outer tooth hollow shaft 110, and the outer tooth friction plate 103 is engaged with the housing-inner tooth ring 102. Both ends are fixed by the front and rear end covers 101 and 109 and bearings; the frictional braking force between the inner tooth friction plate group 104 and the outer tooth friction plate group 103 is adjusted by the disc spring pressure adjustment mechanism. When the conveyor is in a static braking state, the pressure oil of the hydraulic system is depressurized and returned to the oil tank. The piston 108 quickly presses the inner tooth friction plate group 104 and the outer tooth friction plate group 103 under the action of the disc spring force. Since the outer teeth of the outer tooth friction plate group 103 are engaged with the inner teeth of the housing-inner tooth ring 102, and the housing-inner tooth ring 102 and the front and rear end covers 101 and 109 are fixed together by screws to form the brake housing, the friction plates of the brake are in a pressed state, realizing the parking brake of the conveyor.

[0029] When the conveyor is in a normal working state, the pressure oil of the hydraulic system enters the cavity of the housing-oil cylinder 107 through the pressure oil joint 111. There is an isolation sealing ring 112 between this cavity and the braking cavity. The pressure oil pushes the piston 108, compresses the disc spring 205, and the inner tooth friction plate group 104 and the outer tooth friction plate group 103 are separated. The outer tooth hollow shaft 110 rotates with the load shaft under the connection of the key, and the brake operates in a non-braking state, and the load equipment rotates at a set speed.

[0030] When the conveyor starts slowly, the oil pressure of the pressure oil is slowly increased according to the given acceleration curve. The data measured by the pressure oil pressure sensor 209 is fed back to the control system, and the control system automatically analyzes the operating conditions according to the data and adjusts the control signal. As the oil pressure of the pressure oil slowly increases, the normal pressure between the piston 108, the disc spring 205, and the inner and outer tooth friction plate groups 104, 103 slowly decreases. The inner and outer tooth friction plate groups 104, 103 change from static friction to dynamic friction until the inner and outer tooth friction plate groups 104, 103 are completely separated, and the brake enters the non-braking state for operation.

[0031] When the conveyor needs to stop slowly, the oil pressure of the pressure oil is slowly reduced according to the given deceleration curve. The data measured by the pressure oil pressure sensor 209 is fed back to the control system, and the control system automatically analyzes the operating conditions according to the data and adjusts the control signal. At this time, under the action of the restoring force of the compressed disc spring 205, the gap between the inner and outer tooth friction plate groups 104, 103 gradually decreases. The inner and outer tooth friction plate groups 104, 103 change from dynamic friction to static friction gradually, and the brake realizes the braking state. During this period, the power loss generated by the slip becomes heat and is carried away by the circulating cooling oil between the friction plates, so as to meet the requirements of controlled parking.

Claims

1. A novel multi-disc brake, comprising a braking mechanism, a return mechanism, a cooling oil system, a pressure oil system and a monitoring device, characterized in that, The outer-toothed hollow shaft of the braking mechanism is sleeved on the load connecting shaft and rotates and axially moves along with the load connecting shaft; the front end cover of the braking mechanism is fixedly connected to the housing-inner gear ring, the housing-oil cylinder and the rear end cover of the braking mechanism; an inner-toothed friction plate group is embedded on the outer teeth of the outer-toothed hollow shaft, and an outer-toothed friction plate group is embedded on the inner teeth of the housing-inner gear ring. The inner-toothed friction plate group and the outer-toothed friction plate group are interlaced with each other to form a static-dynamic friction pair; the static-dynamic friction pair composed of the inner-toothed friction plate group and the outer-toothed friction plate group is located in the braking cavity formed by the front end cover, the housing-inner gear ring, the outer-toothed hollow shaft and the piston inner ring end face; the return mechanism is that there is a return spring between adjacent outer-toothed friction plates and inner-toothed friction plates. In the non-braking state of the brake, the adjacent inner and outer-toothed friction plates are separated under the action of the return spring; an isolation sealing ring is installed on the side wall of the housing-oil cylinder to isolate the braking cavity from the oil cylinder cavity; a piston is installed in the housing-oil cylinder. The piston end face shape is composed of an outer ring end face and an inner ring end face. The piston inner ring end face extends into the braking cavity to push the inner-toothed friction plate group and the outer-toothed friction plate group to be pressed and fitted or separated and released. The piston outer ring end face drives the whole piston to move under the push of the pressure oil in the housing-oil cylinder; a plurality of blind holes are opened on the end face of the piston opposite to the rear end cover of the braking mechanism. Disc springs are arranged in the blind holes. A guide rod is installed in the middle hole of the disc spring. The outer end of the guide rod abuts against the adjusting screw installed on the rear end cover of the braking mechanism. The adjusting screw is locked by an external adjusting nut; The monitoring device includes a cooling oil temperature monitoring device, a monitoring device for the size of the disc spring pressure, and a brake torque monitoring device; For the monitoring device for the size of the disc spring pressure, the hydraulic station fills the oil cylinder cavity with pressure oil through the oil circuit of the pressure oil system. Driven by the pressure oil, the whole piston reciprocates to realize the pressing and fitting and the release and separation between the inner and outer friction plates in the braking mechanism; for the monitoring device for the size of the disc spring pressure, a pressure sensor is installed at the outer end of the guide rod to monitor the change of the disc spring pressure in real time, display the pressure value, analyze the test data through the control system, give the torque setting value during assembly and maintenance, and cooperate to complete the pre-tightening force debugging of the brake; on the other hand, monitor the wear condition of the friction plates through the change of the pressure value. When the friction plates are worn, their thickness becomes thinner. Without adjusting the adjusting screw, the combined height of the disc springs will become larger. At this time, the pressure measured by the detection device will become smaller. Analyze and predict the reduction of the friction plate thickness through the control system, uniformly adjust and calibrate the disc spring pressure value through the adjusting screw, timely adjust the friction plate clearance to calibrate the rated working torque, and monitor and judge the remaining service time of the friction plates in real time, providing a reliable scientific basis for equipment maintenance; The described brake torque monitoring device includes a torque adjustment oil cylinder installed on a force arm connected to the brake housing, a pressure oil pressure sensor and a return oil cylinder device installed on a bracket of the brake torque detection device connected to the base; after the pressure of the disc spring is set by adjusting the disc spring adjusting screw, the pressure oil system is supplied with oil. One oil circuit enters the oil through the articulated pipe interface at the bottom of the torque adjustment oil cylinder, and the piston rod of the torque adjustment oil cylinder extends to press the pressure oil pressure sensor. When the pressure of the pressure oil is sufficient to offset the pressure of the disc spring and separate and release the inner tooth friction plate group from the outer tooth friction plate group, the force arm drives the brake to rotate, measures the pressure value of the pressure oil, and cooperates with the pressure adjustment of the disc spring to adjust the optimal value of the brake torque; when the brake just starts to rotate, the torque value calculated by combining the displayed pressure oil pressure value and the force arm length is the real-time value of the braking torque of the brake; when the brake needs to return to its original position, the articulated pipe interface at the front end of the torque adjustment oil cylinder is supplied with oil to push the piston rod to retract, and the return oil cylinder is opened to make the piston rod of the return oil cylinder extend to push the brake back to its original position.

2. The novel multi-disc brake according to claim 1, wherein The described cooling oil temperature monitoring device: The hydraulic station fills the gap between the friction plate groups in the brake cavity with cooling oil from the cooling oil inlet through an oil circuit to cool down the friction plates, and returns it to the hydraulic station through the cooling oil outlet to prevent the friction plates from overheating and generating sparks during braking; The cooling oil temperature monitoring device is fixed on the end cover or the housing - inner gear ring, and its temperature sensor probe extends into the brake cavity to monitor the temperature change inside the brake cavity in real time, directly senses the temperature inside the brake cavity, and through the computer control system for real-time feedback, adjusts the size of the cooling oil volume of the hydraulic station by calculation to effectively control the temperature rise and ensure the safe operation of the brake.

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