A method and device for online measurement of mass flow of four-phase mixed phase

Abstract

The present application discloses an online metering method and device for mass flow of a four-phase mixed phase, the method comprising: allowing a four-phase mixed phase fluid to flow out from an oil and gas well through a pipeline; performing multi-energy-level group photon measurement on the four-phase mixed phase fluid through a flowmeter installed on the pipeline to obtain the linear mass of each phase fluid medium, wherein the multi-energy-level group photons include at least three groups of photons of different energy levels; and calculating the mass phase fraction of each phase fluid medium of the four-phase mixed phase fluid according to the linear mass of all fluid media. In the present application, since the flowmeter is installed on the pipeline and the flowmeter measures through at least three groups of photons of different energy levels, it is not necessary for staff to sample and separate and test the four-phase mixed phase fluid, which reduces manpower and time consumption and reduces costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of industrial mixed-phase fluid measurement, and in particular to an online measurement method and device for four-phase mixed-phase mass flow. Background Art

[0002] Petroleum is a fluid mineral buried deep underground. Initially, people called the oily liquid mineral produced in nature petroleum, the combustible gas natural gas, and the solid combustible oil mineral asphalt. With the in-depth study of these minerals, it is realized that they are all hydrocarbon compounds in composition and are related in origin, so they are collectively called petroleum.

[0003] In the early stages of oil extraction, the distribution and changes of oil, gas, water and solids in the reservoir are relatively complex and unstable, so it is necessary to monitor the changes of oil, gas, water and solid components in the oil well in real time. The traditional measurement method requires samplers to take samples first, and then the analyzers to separate and analyze the sampled oil, gas, water and solids to obtain the quality of each component in the oil, gas, water and solid mixed phase fluid.

[0004] However, traditional metering methods cannot achieve online metering and can only manually and frequently measure the mass flow rate of each component in the oil-gas-water solid mixed fluid, which consumes a lot of manpower and time for sampling and separation testing, resulting in high costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that the calculation of the mass flow rate of each component in an oil-gas-water-solid four-phase mixed fluid requires a lot of manpower and time, resulting in high costs, the present application provides an online metering method and device for the mass flow rate of a four-phase mixed fluid.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an online measurement method for a four-phase mixed mass flow rate, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An online measurement method for mass flow of a four-phase mixed phase, comprising:

[0008] The four-phase miscible fluid flows out from the oil and gas well through the pipeline;

[0009] The flow meter installed on the pipeline performs bilateral multi-energy-level photon measurement on the four-phase mixed fluid to obtain the linear quality of each phase fluid medium on each side, wherein the multi-energy-level photon measurement includes at least three groups of photons with different energy levels;

[0010] The mass phase fraction of each phase of the four-phase miscible fluid is obtained by calculating the linear mass of all fluid media on both sides.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, during the oil production process, after the oil and gas well is completed, a pipeline is set up to control the four-phase mixed fluid to flow out of the oil and gas well. The four-phase mixed fluid includes four fluid media: oil, gas, water and solid. A flow meter is installed on the pipeline. The flow meter can measure the four-phase mixed fluid in the pipeline with multiple energy levels by emitting at least three groups of photons of different energy levels on both sides, and obtain the linear mass of each fluid medium on each side. Then, the mass phase fraction of each fluid medium of the four-phase mixed fluid is calculated based on the linear mass of all fluid media on both sides. Since the flow meter is set on the pipeline, and the flow meter measures at least three groups of photons of different energy levels on both sides, there is no need for staff to sample and separate the four-phase mixed fluid for testing, which reduces manpower and time consumption and reduces costs.

[0012] Optionally, the multi-energy-level group of photons includes a first energy-level group of photons, a second energy-level group of photons, and a third energy-level group of photons.

[0013] The energy of the photons of the first energy level group is 31 keV, the energy of the photons of the second energy level group is 81 keV, and the energy of the photons of the third energy level group is 356 keV.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, in the flow meter, taking three groups of multi-energy-level photons as an example, the energy of the first energy-level photon group is 31keV, the energy of the second energy-level photon group is 81keV, and the energy of the third energy-level photon group is 356keV. The known Ba-133 photon source has a radioactivity of 25 microcuries and can emit nearly one million single photons of three energy groups of 31keV, 81keV and 356keV per second. By measuring the energy of each photon, the linear mass measurement and phase fraction calculation of the four-phase mixed fluid are completed based on the photoelectric cross section of the matter and the photon group of 31keV and 81keV energies, and the Compton cross section of the matter and the photon group of 356keV energy.

[0015] Optionally, the method of performing bilateral multi-energy-level group photon measurement on the four-phase mixed fluid by means of a flow meter installed on the pipeline to obtain the bilateral linear quality of each phase fluid medium includes:

[0016] The flow meter installed on the pipeline emits a first energy level group of photons, a second energy level group of photons and a third energy level group of photons on both sides respectively;

[0017] Detect and receive the measured transmission quantity of photons of each energy level group on both sides;

[0018] Obtaining the medium-free transmission number of each energy level group photons on both sides, wherein the medium-free transmission number is the transmission number of the corresponding energy level group photons when there is no medium in the empty tube;

[0019] Obtaining the linear mass absorption coefficients of the first energy level group of light quanta, the second energy level group of light quanta, and the third energy level group of light quanta corresponding to each fluid medium on both sides;

[0020] Acquiring structural parameters of the flow meter;

[0021] The linear mass of each bilateral fluid medium is calculated based on the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the structural related parameters of the flow meter.

[0022] By adopting the above technical scheme, the flowmeter can respectively emit the first energy level group photons, the second energy level group photons and the third energy level group photons through the bilateral Ba-133 photoelectron source, and detect and receive the measured transmission quantity of each energy level group photons passing through the mixed-phase fluid through the bilateral photon probes, and obtain the medium-free transmission quantity of each energy level group photons on both sides, the medium-free transmission quantity is the transmission quantity of the corresponding energy level group photons when there is no medium in the empty pipe, and obtain the linear mass absorption coefficient of each fluid medium corresponding to the first energy level group photons, the second energy level group photons and the third energy level group photons, as well as the structural related parameters of the flowmeter. According to the measured transmission quantity, medium-free transmission quantity, linear mass absorption coefficient and structural related parameters of the flowmeter, the linear mass of each fluid medium is calculated. It should be noted that the medium-free transmission quantity and the linear mass absorption coefficient are both calibration values, that is, they can be calculated through pre-calibration calculations, and the structural related parameters of the flowmeter are determined according to the structure of the flowmeter.

[0023] Optionally, the step of obtaining the medium-free transmission number of each bilateral energy level group photons includes:

[0024] When the pipeline is empty and has no medium, the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons are emitted through the two sides of the flow meter respectively;

[0025] The number of photons of the first energy level group without medium transmission is detected and received bilaterally. , the number of light quanta transmitted without medium in the second energy level group And the number of light quanta transmitted without medium of the third energy level group .

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the calculation principle of the calibration value of the number of medium-free transmission is as follows: when there is no medium in the empty pipe, the flow meter emits the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons on both sides respectively, and the number of medium-free transmission received by the first energy level group of photons can be detected by the photon probe. , the number of light quanta transmitted without medium in the second energy level group and the number of photons transmitted without medium in the third energy level group .

[0027] Optionally, the fluid medium included in the four-phase miscible fluid includes oil, gas, water and solid, and the obtaining of the linear mass absorption coefficients of the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons corresponding to each fluid medium includes:

[0028] When the fluid medium in the pipeline is full of oil, the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons are respectively emitted through the two sides of the flow meter, and the oil transmission amount of the first energy level group of photons received on both sides is detected. , the oil transmission number of the second energy level group of photons and the oil transmission number of the third energy level group photons ;

[0029] When the fluid medium in the pipeline is full of gas, the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons are respectively emitted through the two sides of the flow meter, and the gas transmission quantity of the first energy level group of photons received on both sides is detected. , the gas transmission number of the second energy level group of photons and the gas transmission quantity of the third energy level group photons ;

[0030] When the fluid medium in the pipeline is full of water, the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons are respectively emitted through the two sides of the flow meter, and the water transmission amount of the first energy level group of photons received on both sides is detected. , the water transmission number of the second energy level group of photons and the water transmission quantity of the third energy level group photons ;

[0031] When the fluid medium in the pipeline is full of solid, the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons are respectively emitted through the two sides of the flow meter, and the solid transmission quantity of the first energy level group of photons received on both sides is detected. , the solid transmission number of the second energy level group of photons and the solid transmission number of the third energy level group photons ;

[0032] According to the full oil photoelectric absorption equation, full gas photoelectric absorption equation, full water photoelectric absorption equation, full solid photoelectric absorption equation, and no medium transmission quantity of the first energy level group of photons 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity , water transmission quantity And solid transmission number , respectively calculate the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the first energy level group of bilateral light quanta , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient ;

[0033] According to the full oil photoelectric absorption equation, full gas photoelectric absorption equation, full water photoelectric absorption equation, full solid photoelectric absorption equation, and no medium transmission number of the second energy level group of photons 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity , water transmission quantity and solid transmission number , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the second energy level group of light quanta is calculated , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient ;

[0034] According to the full oil Compton absorption equation, full gas Compton absorption equation, full water Compton absorption equation, full solid Compton absorption equation, and no medium transmission number of the third energy level group light quantum 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity , water transmission quantity And solid transmission number , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the third energy level group of light quanta is calculated , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient ,

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, in the current oil and gas well exploitation process, the most important fluid media for monitoring each component in the four-phase mixed fluid flowing out of the oil and gas well are oil, gas, water and solid. The calculation principle of the calibration value of the linear mass absorption coefficient of each fluid medium is: the fluid medium in the pipeline is set to be full of oil, the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons are emitted from both sides of the flow meter, and the oil transmission number of the first energy level group of photons received from both sides is detected by the photon probe. , the number of light quanta transmitted by the oil in the second energy level group and the oil transmission number of the third energy group photons ; Set the fluid medium in the pipeline to be full of gas, and transmit the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons on both sides of the flow meter, and detect the gas transmission quantity of the first energy level group of photons on both sides of the receiving , the gas transmission number of the second energy level group photons and the gas transmission number of the third energy level group photons ; Set the fluid medium in the pipeline to be full of water, and transmit the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons, and the third energy level group of photons on both sides of the flow meter, and detect the water transmission amount of the first energy level group of photons received on both sides , the water transmission number of the second energy level group photons and the water transmission number of the third energy level group photons ; Set the fluid medium in the pipeline to be full solid, and transmit the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons on both sides of the flow meter, and detect the solid transmission quantity of the first energy level group of photons on both sides of the receiving , the solid transmission number of the second energy level group photons and the solid transmission number of the third energy level group photons Then according to the photoelectric absorption equation of the first energy level group of photons in full oil, full gas, full water, and no medium transmission quantity 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity and water transmission , respectively calculate the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the first energy level group photon of the bilateral , linear mass absorption coefficient and water linear mass absorption coefficient ; According to the photoelectric absorption equation of the second energy level group photon, the photoelectric absorption equation of the full oil, the photoelectric absorption equation of the full gas, the photoelectric absorption equation of the full water, and the medium-free transmission number 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity and water transmission , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the bilateral second energy level group photon is calculated , linear mass absorption coefficient and water linear mass absorption coefficient ; According to the third energy level group of light quantum full oil Compton absorption equation, full gas Compton absorption equation, full water Compton absorption equation, full solid Compton absorption equation, no medium transmission number 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity , water transmission quantity And solid transmission number , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the bilateral third energy level group photon is calculated , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient .

[0036] Optionally, the full oil photoelectric absorption equation, the full gas photoelectric absorption equation, the full water photoelectric absorption equation, the full solid photoelectric absorption equation, the medium-free transmission quantity according to the first energy level group photon 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity , water transmission quantity And solid transmission number , respectively calculate the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the first energy level group of bilateral light quanta , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient ,include:

[0037] According to the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta

[0038] ;

[0039] Among them, the Subscript , , or , Indicates that the fluid medium is oil, Indicates that the fluid medium is gas, Indicates that the fluid medium is water, Indicates that the fluid medium is solid, For oil linear quality, is the linear quality of the gas, is the linear mass of water, is the solid linear mass;

[0040] When the fluid medium in the pipeline is full of oil, the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the first energy level group light quantum is transformed into the full oil photoelectric absorption equation

[0041] ;

[0042] The number of medium-free transmission Oil transmission quantity Substitute the full oil photoelectric absorption equation to obtain the oil linear mass absorption coefficient of the first energy level group of light quanta on the bilateral side:

[0043] ;

[0044] Similarly, the linear mass absorption coefficient of the first energy level group of light quanta on both sides is calculated as , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient .

[0045] By adopting the above technical solution, the specific calculation process for the calibration value of the linear mass absorption coefficient of the first energy level group light quantum for different fluid media is as follows:

[0046] First, the total equation for the photoelectric absorption of the first energy level group of light quanta (energy 31keV) for each fluid medium of the mixed phase fluid is:

[0047] ;

[0048] in, Subscript , , or , Indicates that the fluid medium is oil, Indicates that the fluid medium is gas, Indicates that the fluid medium is water, Indicates that the fluid medium is solid, is the oil linear quality, is the linear quality of the gas, is the water linear mass, For solid linear quality, when the fluid medium in the pipeline is full of oil, the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta is transformed into the full oil photoelectric absorption equation, specifically:

[0049] ;

[0050] Then the number of no medium transmission Oil transmission quantity Substituting into the above full oil photoelectric absorption equation, we can obtain the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil for the first energy level group of photons on both sides: ;

[0051] The linear mass absorption coefficient of the gas of the first energy level group of light quanta is calculated in the same way as the above oil linear mass absorption coefficient. , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient .

[0052] Optionally, the flow meter has a throttling device, and the throttling device is a venturi tube. The step of obtaining the structure-related parameters of the flow meter includes:

[0053] Get the structural outflow coefficient of the flow meter , structural constants , Expansion coefficient , the differential pressure between the upstream pressure tapping port and the throat diameter of the Venturi tube and the average surface density of moisture on the measurement cross section , wherein the is the diameter at the throat of the Venturi tube, is the ratio of the venturi throat diameter to the straight pipe diameter, is the density of the medium at the upstream pressure tapping port of the Venturi tube, , To measure the cross-sectional area, the ;

[0054] According to the structural outflow coefficient , the structural constant , the expansion coefficient , the differential pressure value between the upstream pressure tapping port and the throat diameter of the Venturi tube and the average surface density of the moisture on the measurement cross section , and obtain the structural parameters .

[0055] By adopting the above technical solution, the throttling device of the flow meter is specifically a Venturi tube, so the structural parameter of the flow meter is the structural outflow coefficient , structural constants , Expansion coefficient , the differential pressure between the upstream pressure tapping port and the throat diameter of the Venturi tube and the average surface density of moisture on the measurement cross section ,in, is the diameter of the venturi tube at the throat, is the ratio of the venturi throat diameter to the straight pipe diameter, is the density of the medium at the upstream pressure tapping port of the Venturi tube, , To measure the cross-sectional area, ; The structural parameters are .

[0056] Optionally, the linear mass of each fluid medium is calculated according to the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the structural related parameters of the flow meter, including:

[0057] According to the structural parameters of the flow meter Construct the equation ;

[0058] The total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium combined with the first energy level group of light quanta is , the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the second energy level group of light quanta , the Compton absorption equation of each fluid medium of the third energy level group light quantum

[0059] The four-variable linear equation system is constructed:

[0060] ;

[0061] ;

[0062] ;

[0063] ;

[0064] According to the four-variable linear equation system, the determinant is constructed , , , and ;

[0065] in, ;

[0066] ;

[0067] ;

[0068] ;

[0069] ;

[0070] According to the , , , and The determinant of is solved to obtain the linear mass of oil in the four-phase miscible fluid on both sides , gas linear quality , Water Linear Quality Solid Linear Quality .

[0071] By adopting the above technical solution, after having the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the first energy level group photon (energy 31keV), the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the second energy level group photon (energy 81keV) and the Compton absorption equation of each fluid medium of the third energy level group photon (energy 356keV), combined with the structural parameters of the flow meter The resulting equation , construct a system of four-variable linear equations, and then construct the determinant , , , and , and the linear mass of oil in the four-phase miscible fluid is obtained by solving , gas linear quality , Water Linear Quality Solid Linear Quality , by calculating in the form of determinants, the complexity of the calculation can be simplified and the efficiency of the calculation can be improved.

[0072] Optionally, the mass phase fraction of each phase fluid medium of the four-phase miscible fluid is obtained by calculating the linear mass of all fluid media on both sides, including:

[0073] The oil linear quality of the four-phase miscible fluid according to the bilateral 、The gas linear quality , the water linear quality And the solid linear quality , the oil mass phase fraction is calculated , gas mass phase fraction , water mass phase fraction and solid mass fraction ;

[0074] The oil mass phase fraction ;

[0075] The gas mass phase fraction ;

[0076] The water mass phase fraction ;

[0077] The solid mass fraction .

[0078] By adopting the above technical solution, the linear mass of oil in the four-phase miscible fluid has been calculated. , gas linear quality , Water Linear Quality Solid Linear Quality Afterwards, for different fluid media, the mass phase fraction of the fluid medium is calculated by dividing the linear mass of the fluid medium by the sum of the linear masses of all fluid media.

[0079] In a second aspect, the present application provides an online metering device for a four-phase mixed mass flow rate, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0080] An online metering device for four-phase mixed mass flow, comprising:

[0081] A flow meter installed on a pipeline for flowing a four-phase miscible fluid from an oil and gas well;

[0082] The flow meter is used to execute the online metering method for the mass flow rate of the four-phase mixed phase in the first aspect to obtain the mass phase fraction of each fluid medium of the four-phase mixed phase fluid.

[0083] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0084] 1. Since the flow meter is set on the pipeline, the four-phase mixed fluid flows out of the oil and gas well by setting the pipeline, and the flow meter measures at least three groups of light quanta with different energy levels on both sides, it is not necessary for the staff to sample and separate the four-phase mixed fluid for testing, which reduces manpower and time consumption and reduces costs;

[0085] 2. The flow meter generates three groups of photons with energy levels of 31keV, 81keV and 356keV respectively through the bilateral Ba-133 photon source. Based on the photoelectric cross section of the photon group of matter and 31keV and 81keV energy, and the Compton cross section of the photon group of matter and 356keV energy, combined with the structural parameters of the Venturi tube of the flow meter, the linear mass measurement of each fluid medium in the four-phase mixed fluid is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0086] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the online metering method of the four-phase mixed mass flow rate of the present application.

[0087] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an online metering device for four-phase mixed mass flow of the present application.

[0088] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the flow chart of calculating the linear mass of each fluid medium in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0090] The embodiment of the present application discloses an online measurement method for mass flow of a four-phase mixture.

[0091] Reference Figure 1 , the execution steps of the method include:

[0092] 101, the four-phase miscible fluid flows out from the oil and gas well through a pipeline.

[0093] Among them, the online metering device for the mass flow of four-phase mixed phase is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the flow meter 202 is installed on the pipeline 201. During the oil production process, after the oil and gas well is completed, the pipeline 201 is set to control the four-phase mixed fluid to flow out of the oil and gas well. The four-phase mixed fluid includes four fluid media: oil, gas, water, and solid.

[0094] 102. A flow meter installed on a pipeline is used to perform bilateral multi-level photon measurement on a mixed-phase fluid to obtain the linear quality of each phase of the fluid medium on each side.

[0095] The flowmeter installed on the pipeline can perform bilateral multi-energy-level photon measurement on the four-phase mixed fluid passing through the flowmeter by bilaterally emitting at least three groups of photons of different energy levels, and obtain the linear quality of each fluid medium on each side. The reason for using bilateral emission for bilateral measurement is that when there is a solid phase in the four phases, bilateral measurement is required to optimize and improve the measurement accuracy due to the complex coupling relationship of the measurement.

[0096] Specifically, light quanta are referred to as photons, which are the basic particles that transmit electromagnetic interactions and are a kind of gauge boson. Photons are the carriers of electromagnetic radiation, and in quantum field theory, photons are considered to be the mediators of electromagnetic interactions. Compared with most basic particles, photons have a rest mass of zero, which means that their propagation speed in a vacuum is the speed of light. Like other quanta, photons have the dual nature of wave and particle: photons can exhibit the properties of refraction, interference and diffraction of classical waves; and the particle nature of photons can be proved by the photoelectric effect. Photons can only transmit quantized energy, are lattice particles, and are the mass-energy phase of loop quantum particles. The amount of energy of a photon is proportional to the frequency of the light wave. The higher the frequency, the higher the energy. When a photon is absorbed by an atom, an electron gains enough energy to jump from the inner orbit to the outer orbit, and the atom with electron transition changes from the ground state to the excited state.

[0097] Ba-133 photon sources are used on both sides of the flowmeter. Taking three groups of multi-energy-level photons as an example, the energy of the first energy-level group of photons is 31keV, the energy of the second energy-level group of photons is 81keV, and the energy of the third energy-level group of photons is 356keV. The radioactivity of the Ba-133 photon source is 25 microcuries, and it can emit nearly one million single photons of three energy groups of 31keV, 81keV and 356keV per second. By measuring the energy of each photon, the linear mass measurement of the four-phase mixed fluid can be completed based on the photoelectric cross section of the matter and the photon group of 31keV and 81keV energies, and the Compton cross section of the matter and the photon group of 356keV energy.

[0098] 103, the mass phase fraction of each phase fluid medium of the four-phase miscible fluid is calculated according to the linear mass of all fluid media on both sides.

[0099] After the linear mass of each fluid medium on each side is calculated, the mass phase fraction of each fluid medium of the mixed-phase fluid is calculated based on the linear mass of all the fluid media.

[0100] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: after the oil and gas well is completed, a pipeline is set up to control the outflow of the four-phase mixed fluid from the oil and gas well, a flow meter is installed on the pipeline, and the two sides of the flow meter emit at least three groups of photons of different energy levels, and the four-phase mixed fluid in the pipeline is measured by multi-energy group photons on both sides to obtain the linear mass of each fluid medium on each side, and then the mass phase fraction of each fluid medium of the four-phase mixed fluid is calculated. Since the flow meter is set on the pipeline, and the flow meter measures at least three groups of photons of different energy levels on both sides, it is not necessary for the staff to sample and separate the mixed fluid for testing, which reduces manpower and time consumption and reduces costs.

[0101] In the above Figure 1 In step 102 of the embodiment shown, it is introduced that the flow meter emits photons from a bilateral Ba-133 photon source, the energy of the first energy level group photons is 31keV, the energy of the second energy level group photons is 81keV, and the energy of the third energy level group photons is 356keV, then the specific calculation of the linear mass of each fluid medium is as follows:

[0102] Reference Figure 3 , the steps for calculating the linear mass of each fluid medium include:

[0103] 301, emitting a first energy level group of photons, a second energy level group of photons and a third energy level group of photons from both sides of a flow meter installed on a pipeline.

[0104] Among them, according to Figure 1In the description of the flowmeter in the embodiment shown, the bilateral Ba-133 photon source emits a first energy level group of photons with an energy of 31 keV, a second energy level group of photons with an energy of 81 keV, and a third energy level group of photons with an energy of 356 keV.

[0105] 302, detecting and receiving the measured transmission quantity of each energy level group of photons on both sides.

[0106] The measured transmission number of each energy level group of photons passing through the four-phase mixed fluid is detected and received by a bilateral photon probe.

[0107] 303, obtaining the medium-free transmission quantity of each energy level group of the bilateral light quanta.

[0108] Among them, the number of medium-free transmission is a calibration value, which can be obtained through pre-calibration calculation. The calculation principle is: when the pipeline is set to be an empty pipe without medium, the flow meter emits the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons on both sides, and the photon probes set on both sides can detect the number of medium-free transmissions that receive the first energy level group of photons. , the number of light quanta transmitted without medium in the second energy level group and the number of photons transmitted without medium in the third energy level group .

[0109] 304 , obtaining the linear mass absorption coefficients of the bilateral first energy level group of light quanta, the second energy level group of light quanta, and the third energy level group of light quanta corresponding to each fluid medium.

[0110] Among them, in the current oil and gas well production process, the most important fluid media for monitoring each component in the mixed phase fluid flowing out of the oil and gas well are oil, gas, water and solid. The calculation principle of the calibration value of the linear mass absorption coefficient of each fluid medium is:

[0111] (1) Set the fluid medium in the pipeline to be full of oil, and transmit the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons, and the third energy level group of photons through the two sides of the flow meter respectively, and detect the amount of oil transmitted by the first energy level group of photons through the photon probe. , the number of light quanta transmitted by the oil in the second energy level group and the oil transmission number of the third energy group photons ;

[0112] (2) Set the fluid medium in the pipeline to be full of gas, and transmit the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons, and the third energy level group of photons through the two sides of the flow meter, and detect the gas transmission quantity of the first energy level group of photons. , the gas transmission number of the second energy level group photons and the gas transmission number of the third energy level group photons ;

[0113] (3) Set the fluid medium in the pipeline to be full of water, and transmit the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons, and the third energy level group of photons through the two sides of the flow meter, and detect the water transmission amount of the first energy level group of photons received. , the water transmission number of the second energy level group photons and the water transmission number of the third energy level group photons ;

[0114] (4) The fluid medium in the pipeline is fully solid, and the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons are respectively emitted from both sides of the flow meter, and the solid transmission quantity of the received first energy level group of photons is detected. , the solid transmission number of the second energy level group photons and the solid transmission number of the third energy level group photons ;

[0115] (5) According to the photon absorption equation of the first energy level group, the photoelectric absorption equation of full oil, full gas, full water, full solid, and no medium transmission quantity 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity , water transmission quantity And solid transmission number , respectively calculate the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the first energy level group photon of the bilateral , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient ;

[0116] Since the total equation of photoelectric absorption of the first energy level group of light quanta (energy 31keV) for each fluid medium of the mixed phase fluid is:

[0117] ;

[0118] in, Subscript , , or , Indicates that the fluid medium is oil, Indicates that the fluid medium is gas, Indicates that the fluid medium is water, Indicates that the fluid medium is solid, is the oil linear quality, is the linear quality of the gas, is the water linear mass, For solid linear mass, when the fluid medium in the pipeline is full of oil, the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta is transformed into the full oil photoelectric absorption equation. The expression of the full oil photoelectric absorption equation is:

[0119] ;

[0120] Then the number of no medium transmission Oil transmission quantity Substituting into the above full oil photoelectric absorption equation, we can obtain the oil linear mass absorption coefficient of the first energy level group photon: ;

[0121] The linear mass absorption coefficient of the gas of the first energy level group of light quanta is calculated in the same way as the above oil linear mass absorption coefficient. , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient .

[0122] (6) According to the photon absorption equation of the second energy level group, the photoelectric absorption equation of full oil, full gas, full water, full solid, and no medium transmission quantity 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity , water transmission quantity And solid transmission number , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the bilateral second energy level group photon is calculated , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient ;

[0123] The total equation for the photoelectric absorption of the second energy level group of light quanta (energy 81keV) for each fluid medium of the mixed phase fluid is:

[0124] ;

[0125] Oil linear mass absorption coefficient , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient The calculation principle is similar to that in (5) above.

[0126] (7) According to the Compton absorption equation of the third energy level group of light quanta, the Compton absorption equation of full oil, full gas, full water, full solid, and the medium-free transmission number 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity , water transmission quantity And solid transmission number , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the bilateral third energy level group photon is calculated , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient ;

[0127] The total Compton absorption equation of the third energy level group of light quanta (energy 356keV) for each fluid medium of the mixed phase fluid is:

[0128] ;

[0129] Oil linear mass absorption coefficient , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient The calculation principle is similar to that in (5) above.

[0130] 305, obtaining structural parameters related to the flow meter.

[0131] The flow meter has a throttling device, which is a Venturi tube, and the structural outflow coefficient of the flow meter is obtained. , structural constants , Expansion coefficient , the differential pressure between the upstream pressure tapping port and the throat diameter of the Venturi tube and the average surface density of moisture on the measurement cross section ,in, is the diameter of the venturi tube at the throat, is the ratio of the venturi throat diameter to the straight pipe diameter, is the density of the medium at the upstream pressure tapping port of the Venturi tube, , To measure the cross-sectional area, ; According to the structural outflow coefficient , structural constants , Expansion coefficient , the differential pressure between the upstream pressure tapping port and the throat diameter of the Venturi tube and the average surface density of moisture on the measurement cross section , and obtain the structural parameters .

[0132] 306 , according to the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the structural parameters related to the flow meter, the linear mass of each fluid medium on both sides is calculated.

[0133] Among them, according to the structural parameters of the flow meter Construct the equation ;

[0134] Combined with the above-mentioned first energy level group of photons of each fluid medium photoelectric absorption total equation , the total equation of photoelectric absorption of each fluid medium of the second energy level group of light quanta , Compton absorption equation of each fluid medium for the third energy level group of light quanta ;

[0135] The four-variable linear equation system is constructed:

[0136] ;

[0137] ;

[0138] ;

[0139] ;

[0140] According to the above equations, the determinant is constructed , , , and ;

[0141] ;

[0142] ;

[0143] ;

[0144] ;

[0145] ;

[0146] According to the above , , , and The determinant of is solved to obtain the oil linear mass of the bilateral four-phase miscible fluid , gas linear quality , Water Linear Quality Solid Linear Quality .

[0147] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: by taking the energy of the first energy level group photons as 31keV, the energy of the second energy level group photons as 81keV and the energy of the third energy level group photons as 356keV as examples, the linear mass of the fluid medium of oil, gas, water and solid in the four-phase mixed fluid is measured. In the calculation process, the required medium-free transmission quantity and linear mass absorption coefficient are calibration values, which can be calibrated and calculated respectively by the states of empty tube without medium, full oil, full gas, full water and full solid. Since the flow meter uses a Venturi tube, the structure-related parameters can be obtained. The photoelectric absorption equation and Compton absorption equation of the photons of three different energy levels, and the equations constructed by combining the structure-related parameters, can construct a set of four-variable linear equations, and the linear mass of oil, gas, water and solid of the four-phase mixed fluid can be calculated through the determinant.

[0148] Optional, above Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, after the oil linear mass, gas linear mass and water linear mass are calculated, the oil linear mass of the bilateral miscible fluid can also be calculated. , gas linear quality , Water Linear Quality Solid Linear Quality , the oil mass phase fraction is calculated , gas mass phase fraction , water mass phase fraction and solid mass fraction , the expression is as follows:

[0149] Oil mass phase fraction ;

[0150] Gas mass fraction ;

[0151] Water mass phase fraction ;

[0152] Solid mass fraction .

[0153] The linear mass of oil in the two-phase fluid has been calculated. , gas linear quality , Water Linear Quality Solid Linear Quality Afterwards, for different fluid media, the mass phase fraction of the fluid medium on each side is calculated by dividing the linear mass of the fluid medium by the sum of the linear masses of all fluid media. The values ​​on both sides are averaged to obtain the final mass phase fraction of each fluid medium.

[0154] like Figure 2As shown, the embodiment of the present application also discloses an online metering device for four-phase mixed mass flow, comprising:

[0155] A flow meter 202 installed on a pipeline 201, the pipeline 201 is used to flow a four-phase miscible fluid out of an oil and gas well;

[0156] The flow meter 202 is used to execute the online metering method of the four-phase mixed mass flow rate in the above embodiment, so as to obtain the mass phase fraction of each fluid medium of the four-phase mixed fluid.

[0157] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any feature disclosed in this specification (including the abstract and drawings), unless otherwise stated, can be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features with similar purposes. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

Claims

1. An online measurement method for mass flow of a four-phase mixture, characterized in that: include: The four-phase miscible fluid flows out from the oil and gas well through a pipeline, wherein the fluid medium of the four-phase miscible fluid includes oil, gas, water and solid; The four-phase mixed fluid is subjected to bilateral multi-energy-level group photon measurement by a flow meter installed on the pipeline to obtain the linear quality of each phase fluid medium on each side, wherein the multi-energy-level group photon includes at least three groups of photons with different energy levels, and the multi-energy-level group photon measurement corresponds to a Ba-133 photon source, whose radioactivity is 25 microcuries; The mass phase fraction of each phase fluid medium of the four-phase miscible fluid is obtained by calculating the linear mass of all fluid media on both sides; The multi-energy-level group photons include a first energy-level group photon, a second energy-level group photon and a third energy-level group photon, the energy of the first energy-level group photon is 31keV, the energy of the second energy-level group photon is 81keV, and the energy of the third energy-level group photon is 356keV; The method of performing bilateral multi-energy-level group photon measurement on the four-phase mixed fluid by means of a flow meter installed on the pipeline to obtain the bilateral linear quality of each phase fluid medium includes: The flow meter installed on the pipeline emits a first energy level group of photons, a second energy level group of photons and a third energy level group of photons on both sides respectively; Detect and receive the measured transmission quantity of photons of each energy level group on both sides; Obtaining the medium-free transmission number of each energy level group photons on both sides, wherein the medium-free transmission number is the transmission number of the corresponding energy level group photons when there is no medium in the empty tube; Obtaining the linear mass absorption coefficients of the first energy level group of light quanta, the second energy level group of light quanta, and the third energy level group of light quanta corresponding to each fluid medium on both sides; Acquiring structural parameters of the flow meter; The linear mass of each fluid medium on both sides is calculated according to the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the structural related parameters of the flow meter; The linear mass of each fluid medium on both sides is calculated based on the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the structural related parameters of the flow meter, including: According to the structural parameters of the flow meter Construct the equation ; The total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium combined with the first energy level group of light quanta is , the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the second energy level group of light quanta , the Compton absorption equation of each fluid medium of the third energy level group light quantum ; The four-variable linear equation system is constructed: ； ； ； ； According to the four-variable linear equation system, the determinant is constructed , , , and ; in, ; ； ； ； ； According to the , , , and The determinant of is solved to obtain the linear mass of oil in the four-phase miscible fluid on both sides , gas linear quality , Water Linear Quality Solid Linear Quality ; The method of obtaining the medium-free transmission number of each energy level group of light quanta on both sides includes: When the pipeline is empty and has no medium, the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons are emitted through the two sides of the flow meter respectively; The number of photons of the first energy level group without medium transmission is detected and received bilaterally. , the number of light quanta transmitted without medium in the second energy level group And the number of light quanta transmitted without medium of the third energy level group ; The obtaining of the linear mass absorption coefficients of the first energy level group of light quanta, the second energy level group of light quanta and the third energy level group of light quanta corresponding to each fluid medium includes: When the fluid medium in the pipeline is full of oil, the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons are respectively emitted through the two sides of the flow meter, and the oil transmission amount of the first energy level group of photons received on both sides is detected. , the oil transmission number of the second energy level group of photons and the oil transmission number of the third energy level group photons ; When the fluid medium in the pipeline is full of gas, the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons are respectively emitted through the two sides of the flow meter, and the gas transmission quantity of the first energy level group of photons received on both sides is detected. , the gas transmission number of the second energy level group of photons and the gas transmission quantity of the third energy level group photons ; When the fluid medium in the pipeline is full of water, the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons are respectively emitted through the two sides of the flow meter, and the water transmission amount of the first energy level group of photons received on both sides is detected. , the water transmission number of the second energy level group of photons and the water transmission quantity of the third energy level group photons ; When the fluid medium in the pipeline is full of solid, the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons and the third energy level group of photons are respectively emitted through the two sides of the flow meter, and the solid transmission quantity of the first energy level group of photons received on both sides is detected. , the solid transmission number of the second energy level group of photons and the solid transmission number of the third energy level group photons ; According to the full oil photoelectric absorption equation, full gas photoelectric absorption equation, full water photoelectric absorption equation, full solid photoelectric absorption equation, and no medium transmission quantity of the first energy level group of photons 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity , water transmission quantity and solid transmission number , respectively calculate the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the first energy level group of bilateral light quanta , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient ; According to the full oil photoelectric absorption equation, full gas photoelectric absorption equation, full water photoelectric absorption equation, full solid photoelectric absorption equation, and no medium transmission number of the second energy level group of photons 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity , water transmission quantity and solid transmission number , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the second energy level group of light quanta is calculated , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient ; According to the full oil Compton absorption equation, full gas Compton absorption equation, full water Compton absorption equation, full solid Compton absorption equation, and no medium transmission number of the third energy level group light quantum 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity , water transmission quantity and solid transmission number , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the third energy level group of light quanta is calculated , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient ; The flow meter has a throttling device, and the throttling device is a venturi tube. The obtaining of structural related parameters of the flow meter includes: Get the structural outflow coefficient of the flow meter , structural constants , Expansion coefficient , the differential pressure between the upstream pressure tapping port and the throat diameter of the Venturi tube and the average surface density of moisture on the measurement cross section , wherein d is the diameter at the throat of the venturi tube, is the ratio of the venturi throat diameter to the straight pipe diameter, is the density of the medium at the upstream pressure tapping port of the Venturi tube, , To measure the cross-sectional area, the ; According to the structure outflow coefficient , the structural constant , the expansion coefficient , the differential pressure value between the upstream pressure tapping port and the throat diameter of the Venturi tube and the average surface density of the moisture on the measurement cross section , get the structure related parameters .

2. The online measurement method for four-phase mixed mass flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The full oil photoelectric absorption equation, full gas photoelectric absorption equation, full water photoelectric absorption equation, full solid photoelectric absorption equation, and no medium transmission equation according to the first energy level group photon 、Oil transmission quantity , Gas transmission quantity , water transmission quantity and solid transmission number , respectively calculate the linear mass absorption coefficient of the oil of the first energy level group of bilateral light quanta , linear mass absorption coefficient , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient ,include: According to the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta ； Wherein, the subscript of x is o, g, w or s, wherein o indicates that the fluid medium is oil, g indicates that the fluid medium is gas, w indicates that the fluid medium is water, s indicates that the fluid medium is solid, For oil linear quality, is the linear quality of the gas, is the linear mass of water, is the solid linear mass; When the fluid medium in the pipeline is full of oil, the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the first energy level group light quantum is transformed into the full oil photoelectric absorption equation ; The number of medium-free transmission Oil transmission quantity Substitute the full oil photoelectric absorption equation to obtain the oil linear mass absorption coefficient of the first energy level group of light quanta on the bilateral side: ; Similarly, the linear mass absorption coefficient of the first energy level group of light quanta on both sides is calculated as , water linear mass absorption coefficient and solid linear mass absorption coefficient .

3. The online measurement method for four-phase mixed mass flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mass phase fraction of each phase fluid medium of the four-phase miscible fluid is obtained by calculating the linear mass of all fluid media on both sides, including: The oil linear quality of the four-phase miscible fluid according to the bilateral 、The gas linear quality , the water linear quality And the solid linear quality , the oil mass phase fraction is calculated , gas mass phase fraction , water mass phase fraction and solid mass fraction ; The oil mass phase fraction ; The gas mass phase fraction ; The water mass phase fraction ; The solid mass fraction .

4. An online metering device for four-phase mixed mass flow, characterized in that: include: A flow meter installed on a pipeline for flowing a four-phase miscible fluid from an oil and gas well; The flow meter is used to execute the online metering method for the mass flow of a four-phase mixed phase according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to obtain the mass phase fraction of each fluid medium of the four-phase mixed phase fluid.

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