Light-emitting device including condensed cyclic compound and electronic device including light-emitting device

Abstract

A light-emitting device and an electronic device including the same are provided, the light-emitting device including a condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1, wherein Formula 1 is the same as described in the specification. The light-emitting device includes a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an intermediate layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, the emission layer including at least one of the condensed ring compounds represented by Formula 1. Formula 1

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0087708, filed on July 15, 2020, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] One or more embodiments of the disclosure relate to a light emitting device including a condensed ring compound and an electronic device including the same. BACKGROUND

[0003] Among light emitting devices, an organic light emitting device (OLED) is a self-emitting device having a wide viewing angle, high contrast, short response time, and excellent characteristics in luminance, driving voltage, and response speed, and producing a full-color image, compared to other light emitting devices.

[0004] An OLED can include a first electrode on a substrate and a hole transport region, an emission layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode sequentially stacked on the first electrode. Holes provided from the first electrode can move toward the emission layer through the hole transport region, and electrons provided from the second electrode can move toward the emission layer through the electron transport region. Carriers such as holes and electrons recombine in the emission layer to generate excitons. These excitons transition (e.g., relax) from an excited state to a ground state, thereby generating light. SUMMARY

[0005] One or more embodiments relate to a light emitting device including a condensed ring compound and an electronic device including the same.

[0006] Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following disclosure or can be learned by practice of the disclosed embodiments.

[0007] According to one or more embodiments, there is provided a light emitting device including: a first electrode;

[0008] a second electrode facing the first electrode; and

[0009] an intermediate layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer,

[0010] wherein the intermediate layer further includes a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer,

[0011] the hole transport region includes a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or a combination thereof, and

[0012] The emissive layer comprises at least one condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1,

[0013] Formula 1

[0014]

[0015] Formula 201

[0016]

[0017] Formula 202

[0018]

[0019] wherein, in Formula 1,

[0020] Ring A1to Ring A4are each independently C5-C 30 carbocyclyl or C2-C 30 heterocyclyl,

[0021] X1is O, S, Se, C(R 1a )(R 1b ), Si(R 1a )(R 1b ), or N(R 1a ),

[0022] X2is O, S, Se, C(R 2a )(R 2b ), Si(R 2a )(R 2b ), or N(R 2a ),

[0023] X3is O, S, Se, C(R 3a )(R 3b ), Si(R 3a )(R 3b ), or N(R 3a ),

[0024] X4is O, S, Se, C(R 4a )(R 4b ), Si(R 4a )(R 4b ), or N(R 4a ),

[0025] Y1and Y2are each independently B, P(=O), or P(=S),

[0026] R1to R4, R 1a to R 4a , and R 1b to R 4bAll are independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 Alkyl group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C6-C 60 aryloxy group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) or -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2),

[0027] d1 to d4 are all independent integers in the range of 1 to 20, and

[0028] From R1 to R4, R 1a To R 4a and R 1b To R 4b Two or more selected groups may optionally be linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted group with at least one R group. 10a C5-C 30 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C2-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, and

[0029] In equations 201 and 202,

[0030] L 201 To L 204 Each is independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0031] L 205For *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q) 201 )-*', unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 20 Alkylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 20 alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0032] Both * and *' indicate bonding sites with adjacent atoms.

[0033] xa1 to xa4 are all independent integers in the range of 0 to 5.

[0034] xa5 is an integer in the range of 1 to 10.

[0035] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each is independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0036] R 201 and R 202 Optionally via a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted or substituted groups having at least one R 10a The C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted groups with at least one R group. 10a C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups, and

[0037] R 203 and R 204 Optionally via a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted or substituted groups having at least one R 10a The C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted groups with at least one R group. 10a C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups,

[0038] na1 is an integer in the range of 1 to 4, and

[0039] R 10afor:

[0040] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro,

[0041] None of them were substituted or were substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, or C3-C. 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 C1-C or any combination thereof 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy

[0042] None of them were substituted or were substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 C3-C or any combination thereof 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60Aryloxy or C6-C 60 aryl thiols, or

[0043] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),and

[0044] Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each of these groups is independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 Alkyl groups; or neither group is substituted or is substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, or C1-C. 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C of alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0045] According to one or more embodiments, a light-emitting device is provided, the light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an intermediate layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emitting layer.

[0046] The light-emitting device further includes a second capping layer located outside the second electrode and having a refractive index equal to or greater than 1.6.

[0047] The emitter layer includes at least one condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1.

[0048] According to one or more embodiments, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device including a light-emitting device, wherein the electronic device further includes a thin-film transistor, the thin-film transistor including a source electrode and a drain electrode, and a first electrode of the light-emitting device is electrically coupled to the source electrode or drain electrode of the thin-film transistor. Attached Figure Description

[0049] The above and other aspects and features of certain embodiments disclosed herein will become more apparent from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0050] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting device according to an embodiment; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting device according to an embodiment; and Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting device according to another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Reference will now be made in detail embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In this regard, the present embodiments can have different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the descriptions set forth herein. Accordingly, the embodiments are merely described below, by referring to the drawings, to explain aspects of the present description. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Expressions such as "at least one of," when preceding the syllables of a list of elements, denote the possibility that, from among the elements of the list, only a single element can be present, or a combination of elements can be present, as long as one or more elements are present.

[0052] An aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure provides a condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1:

[0053] Formula 1

[0054]

[0055] In Formula 1,

[0056] Each of ring A1 to ring A4 is independently a C5-C 30 carbocyclyl or C2-C 30 heterocyclyl.

[0057] In embodiments, each of ring A1 to ring A4 can be independently a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, a phenanthryl group, a benzo[9,10]phenanthryl group, a pyryl group, a group, a cyclopentadiene group, a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group, a thiophene group, a furan group, an indole group, a benzoborole group, a benzophosphole group, an indene group, a benzothiophyl group, a benzogermole group, a benzothiophene group, a benzofuran group, a carbazole group, a dibenzoborole group, a dibenzophosphole group, a fluorene group, a dibenzothiophyl group, a dibenzogermole group, a dibenzothiophene group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene 5-oxide group, a 9H-fluoren-9-one group, a dibenzothiophene 5,5-dioxide group, an azaindole group, an azabenzoborole group, an azabenzophosphole group, an azaindene group, an azabenzothiophyl group, an azabenzogermole group, an azabenzothiophene group, an azabenzofuran group, an azacarbazole group, an azadibenzoborole group, an azadibenzophosphole group, an azafiuorene group, an azadibenzothiophyl group, an azadibenzogermole group, an azadibenzothiophene group, an azadibenzofuran group, an azadibenzothiophene 5-oxide group, an azido-9H-fluoren-9-one group, an azadibenzothiophene 5,5-dioxide group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, a phenanthrolin group, a pyrrole group, a pyrazole group, an imidazole group, a triazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiadiazole group, a benzopyrazole group, a benzimidazole group, a benzoxazole group, a benzothiazole group, a benzoxadiazole group, a benzothiadiazole group, a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline group, or a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline group.

[0058] In one or more embodiments, each of ring A1to ring A4may be independently a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a carbazole group, a fluorene group, a dibenzothiophene group, or a dibenzofuran group.

[0059] In embodiments, X1may be O, S, Se, C(R 1a )(R 1b ), Si(R 1a )(R 1b ), or N(R 1a ), X2may be O, S, Se, C(R 2a )(R 2b ), Si(R 2a )(R 2b ), or N(R2a ),

[0060] X3may be O, S, Se, C(R 3a )(R 3b ), Si(R 3a )(R 3b ), or N(R 3a ), and

[0061] X4may be O, S, Se, C(R 4a )(R 4b ), Si(R 4a )(R 4b ), or N(R 4a ).

[0062] In embodiments, X3may be N(R 3a ) or O.

[0063] In embodiments, (i) X1may be O, X2may be O, X3may be O, and X4may be O;

[0064] (ii) X1may be O, X2may be O, X3may be N(R 3a ), and X4may be O;

[0065] (iii) X1may be N(R 1a ), X2may be O, X3may be O, and X4may be O;

[0066] (iv) X1may be N(R 1a ), X2may be O, X3may be N(R 3a ), and X4may be O;

[0067] (v) X1may be O, X2may be N(R 2a ), X3may be N(R 3a ), and X4may be O;

[0068] (vi) X1may be O, X2may be O, X3may be N(R 3a ), and X4may be N(R 4a );

[0069] (vii) X1may be S, X2may be O, X3may be N(R 3a ), and X4may be O;

[0070] (viii) X1may be S, X2may be S, X3may be N(R 3a ), and X4may be N(R 4a );

[0071] (ix)X1 can be N(R) 1a X2 can be N(R) 2a X3 can be N(R) 3a And X4 can be 0;

[0072] (x)X1 can be N(R) 1a X2 can be 0, and X3 can be N(R). 3a ), and X4 can be N(R) 4a );

[0073] (xi)X1 can be N(R) 1a X2 can be S, and X3 can be N(R). 3a ), and X4 can be N(R) 4a );or

[0074] (xii)X1 can be N(R) 1a X2 can be N(R) 2a X3 can be N(R) 3a ), and X4 can be N(R) 4a ).

[0075] In the embodiments, Y1 and Y2 can each be independently B, P (=O) or P (=S).

[0076] In one or more embodiments, Y1 and Y2 may both be B independently.

[0077] In the embodiment, R1 to R4, R 1a To R 4a and R 1b To R 4b They can all be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 Alkyl group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C6-C60 aryloxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C6-C 60 arylthio, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), or -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2).

[0078] In embodiments, R 10a may be:

[0079] deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, or nitro;

[0080] each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 cycloalkyl, C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -B(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -C(=O)(Q 11 ), -S(=O)2(Q 11 ), -P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), or any combination thereof; 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, or C1-C 60 alkoxy;

[0081] each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, C3-C 60 cycloalkyl, C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -B(Q21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 C3-C or any combination thereof 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy or C6-C 60 aryl thiols; or

[0082] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),and

[0083] Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each of these groups is independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 Alkyl groups; or neither group is substituted or is substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, or C1-C. 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C of alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0084] In one or more embodiments, R1 to R4, R 1a To R 4a and R 1b To R 4b Each can be independently selected from:

[0085] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl and C1-C20 Alkoxy;

[0086] All of these groups are substituted with substances ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 10 The C1-C group selected from at least one of alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornel, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, and pyrimidinyl is C1-C. 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy;

[0087] All groups were either unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, or C1-C. 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrene, alkyl, pyrrolyl, thiophenyl, furanyl, imidazoleyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindoleyl, indoleyl, inzolyl, purineyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, carbazoleyl, phenanthrolinel, benzimidazoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzo[] Thiopheneyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazoleyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C6alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyryl, furanyl, thiophenyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azafuorenyl, and azadibenzosilolyl; and 10 alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyryl, furanyl, thiophenyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azafuorenyl, and azadibenzosilolyl; and alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyryl, furanyl, thiophenyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azafuorenyl, and azadibenzosilolyl; and

[0088] -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), and

[0089] Q1to Q3and Q 31 to Q 33 may each independently be selected from:

[0090] -CH3, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CH2CH3, -CH2CD3, -CH2CD2H, -CH2CDH2, -CHDCH3, -CHDCD2H, -CHDCDH2, -CHDCD3, -CD2CD3, -CD2CD2H, and -CD2CDH2; and

[0091] may each independently be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of deuterium, C1-C6alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, and triazinyl. 10 alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyryl, furanyl, thiophenyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azafuorenyl, and azadibenzosilolyl; and

[0092] In one or more embodiments, R1to R4, R 1a to R 4a and R 1b to R 4b may each independently be selected from:

[0093] hydrogen, deuterium, C1-C 20 alkyl and C1-C 20 alkoxy;

[0094] each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, C1-C 10 alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, and naphthyl; 20 alkyl and C1-C 20 alkoxy;

[0095] each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, C1-C 20 alkyl, C1-C 20 alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrenyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furanyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, carbazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ) each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, C1-C 10 alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrenyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furanyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, carbazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzocarbazolyl, and dibenzocarbazolyl; and

[0096] -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), and -B(Q1)(Q2), and

[0097] Q1to Q3and Q 31 to Q 33 may each independently be selected from:

[0098] -CH3, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CH2CH3, -CH2CD3, -CH2CD2H, -CH2CDH2, -CHDCH3, -CHDCD2H, -CHDCDH2, -CHDCD3, -CD2CD3, -CD2CD2H, and -CD2CDH2; and

[0099] unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10 unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R

[0100] In embodiments, at least one selected from R1and R2may be -N(Q1)(Q2), unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 unsubstituted or substituted C1-C

[0101] Q1and Q2may each independently be selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; amidino; hydrazino; hydrazono; C1-C 60 alkyl; C2-C 60 alkenyl; C2-C 60 alkynyl; C1-C 60 alkoxy; C3-C 10 cycloalkyl; C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl; C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl; C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl; C6-C 60 aryl; C1-C 60 heteroaryl; monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group; monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group; C1-C 60 alkyl substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of deuterium, -F, and cyano; C6-C 60 aryl substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of deuterium, -F, and cyano; biphenyl; and terphenyl,

[0102] Adjacent Q1and Q2may optionally be linked to each other to form unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20a heterocyclyl with at least one R 30 and

[0103] R 20a may be the same as described in connection with R 10a .

[0104] In embodiments, d1to d4may each independently be an integer in the range of 1 to 20.

[0105] In one or more embodiments, d1to d4may each be 1.

[0106] In an embodiment, two or more groups selected from R1to R4, R 1a to R 4a and R 1b to R 4b may optionally be linked together to form a C5-C 10a carbocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 30 or a C2-C 10a heterocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 30 wherein:

[0107] R 10a may be the same as described elsewhere in this specification.

[0108] In an embodiment, the condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1 can be represented by Formula 1-1:

[0109] Formula 1-1

[0110]

[0111] wherein, in Formula 1-1,

[0112] X1to X4, Y1, Y2, R1to R4, and d1to d4may each be the same as described elsewhere in this specification.

[0113] In an embodiment, the condensed ring compound can satisfy at least one selected from Condition 1 and Condition 2:

[0114] Condition 1

[0115] X3is N(R 3a ), and

[0116] R3and R 3a are linked to each other to form a C2-C 30a heterocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 30 ,

[0117] Condition 2

[0118] X4is N(R 4a ), and

[0119] R4and R 4a are linked to each other to form a C2-C 30a heterocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 30 ,

[0120] wherein R 30a may be the same as described in connection with R 10a .

[0121] In embodiments, X3may be N(R 3a ),

[0122] R3and R 3a may be connected to each other to form a C2-C 30a heterocyclyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 30 ,

[0123] X4may be N(R 4a ),

[0124] R4and R 4a may be connected to each other to form a C2-C 30a heterocyclyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 30 , and

[0125] R 30a may be the same as described in connection with R 10a .

[0126] In embodiments, the condensed ring compound can be represented by Formula 2-1 to Formula 2-3:

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] Formula 2-3

[0130]

[0131] wherein, in Formula 2-1 to Formula 2-3,

[0132] Z1may be a single bond, O, S, Se, C(R 11a )(R 11b ), Si(R 11a )(R 11b ), N(R 11a ), B, P(=O), or P(=S),

[0133] Z2may be a single bond, O, S, Se, C(R 12a )(R 12b ), Si(R 12a )(R 12b ), N(R 12a ), B, P(=O), or P(=S),

[0134] d11may be an integer ranging from 0 to 4,

[0135] d12may be an integer ranging from 0 to 4, and

[0136] Ring A1 to ring A4, X1 to X4, Y1, Y2, R1 to R4, and d1 to d4 can each be the same as described in this specification, R 11a , R 12a , R 11b , and R 12b may each be the same as described in connection with R 1a , and R 11 and R 12 may each be the same as described in connection with R 10a .

[0137] In an embodiment, Z1 and Z2 can each be a single bond.

[0138] In an embodiment, each of R1, R2, R3, and R4 can not be hydrogen;

[0139] R1 can be hydrogen, and at least one selected from R2, R3, and R4 can not be hydrogen;

[0140] R2 can be hydrogen, and at least one selected from R1, R3, and R4 can not be hydrogen;

[0141] R3 can be hydrogen, and at least one selected from R1, R2, and R4 can not be hydrogen;

[0142] R4 can be hydrogen, and at least one selected from R1, R2, and R3 can not be hydrogen; or

[0143] Each of R1, R2, R3, and R4 can be hydrogen.

[0144] In one or more embodiments, each of R1, R2, R3, and R4 can not be hydrogen;

[0145] R3 can be hydrogen, and each of R1, R2, and R4 can not be hydrogen;

[0146] R4 can be hydrogen, and each of R1, R2, and R3 can not be hydrogen;

[0147] Each of R1 and R2 can be hydrogen, and each of R3 and R4 can not be hydrogen; or

[0148] Each of R3 and R4 can be hydrogen, and each of R1 and R2 can not be hydrogen.

[0149] In an embodiment, the condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1 can be represented by Formula 3-1:

[0150] Formula 3-1

[0151]

[0152] In formula 3-1, ring A3, ring A4, X1 to X4, Y1, Y2, R1 to R4, d3, and d4 can each be the same as described elsewhere in this specification.

[0153] In one embodiment, the condensed ring compound can be selected from the group consisting of Compound 1 to Compound 40, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0154]

[0155]

[0156]

[0157] The condensed ring compound represented by formula 1 has a wide plate-like structure including two boron atoms and a structure including a diazine in the center core.

[0158] Because the condensed ring compound has such a wide plate-like skeleton including two boron atoms and a condensed ring group, multiple resonance can be further activated or increased, delocalization of electrons in the intramolecular structure can be expanded, the polarizability of the condensed ring compound can be increased, and the value of the condensed ring compound can be further increased. Thus, the condensed ring compound of formula 1 can be used as a light-emitting material for high-efficiency delayed fluorescence. In addition, the skeleton of the condensed ring compound of formula 1 includes a substituent condensed with a heterocycle, resulting in a smaller number of C-N bonds that are free to rotate compared to a substituent that is not similarly condensed. Thus, the condensed ring compound of formula 1 can be more rigid compared to other similar compounds in terms of bond dissociation energy (BDE), thereby supplementing or improving the chemical instability of the condensed ring compound by increasing the number of electrons that would otherwise be a weak point due to the nature of boron atoms.

[0159] In addition, formula 1 can have a structure including a diazine in its core as described above, so that the condensed ring compound of formula 1 can have an effect of blue-shifting the maximum emission wavelength, thereby enhancing the overlap of p-orbitals through polarization of the center core.

[0160] Thus, an electronic device (e.g., an organic light-emitting device) using the condensed ring compound represented by formula 1 can have a low driving voltage and high efficiency.

[0161] A person of ordinary skill in the art can recognize a synthesis method of the condensed ring compound represented by formula 1 by referring to the examples provided below.

[0162] At least one of the condensation ring compounds represented by Formula 1 can be used between a pair of electrodes in an organic light-emitting device. In embodiments, the condensation ring compound represented by Formula 1 can be included in an emitting layer. In one or more embodiments, the condensation ring compound represented by Formula 1 can be used as a material for forming a capping layer located outside a pair of electrodes of an organic light-emitting device.

[0163] Another aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure provides a light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an intermediate layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emitting layer, wherein the intermediate layer further includes a hole transport region located between the first electrode and the emitting layer, the hole transport region comprising a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or a combination thereof, and the emitting layer comprising at least one condensation ring compound represented by Formula 1.

[0164] Formula 201

[0165]

[0166] Formula 202

[0167]

[0168] Among them, in equations 201 and 202,

[0169] L 201 To L 204 Each can be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0170] L 205 It can be *-O-*', *-S-*', or *-N(Q) 201 )-*', unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 20 Alkylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 20 alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0171] xa1 to xa4 can each be an integer in the range of 0 to 5 independently.

[0172] xa5may be an integer in a range of 1 to 10,

[0173] R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 may each independently be C3-C 10a carbocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 C1-C 10a heterocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 ,

[0174] R 201 and R 202 may optionally be connected to each other via a single bond, C1-C5 alkylene unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C5 alkenylene unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a to form C8-C 10a polycyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 ,

[0175] R 203 and R 204 may optionally be connected to each other via a single bond, C1-C5 alkylene unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C5 alkenylene unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a to form C8-C 10a polycyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , and

[0176] na1may be an integer in a range of 1 to 4.

[0177] In one or more embodiments,

[0178] The first electrode of the light-emitting device can be an anode,

[0179] The second electrode of the light-emitting device can be a cathode,

[0180] The intermediate layer can further include an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode,

[0181] The hole transport region can include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and

[0182] The electron transport region can include a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0183] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer in the intermediate layer of the light-emitting device can include a dopant and a host, and the dopant can include a condensed ring compound. For example, the condensed ring compound can be used as a dopant.

[0184] The emission layer can emit red light, green light, blue light, and / or white light. In embodiments, the emission layer can emit blue light or cyan light. The blue light or cyan light can have a maximum emission wavelength in a range of about 400 nm to about 600 nm, for example.

[0185] The condensed ring compound included in the emission layer can be used as a delayed fluorescence dopant, so that delayed fluorescence can be emitted from the emission layer.

[0186] In one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device can further include:

[0187] a first cap layer located outside the first electrode;

[0188] a second cap layer located outside the second electrode; or

[0189] both the first cap layer and the second cap layer.

[0190] Another aspect of embodiments of the disclosure provides a light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an intermediate layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer,

[0191] wherein the light-emitting device further includes a second cap layer located outside the second electrode and having a refractive index equal to or greater than 1.6, and the emission layer includes at least one condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1.

[0192] In embodiments, an encapsulation part can be located on the second cap layer. The encapsulation part can be located on the light-emitting device to protect the light-emitting device from moisture and / or oxygen.

[0193] In embodiments, the encapsulation part can include: an inorganic film including silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxide (SiO x ), indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, or any combination thereof;

[0194] an organic film including polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyvinyl sulfonate, polyformaldehyde, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, an acrylic resin (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid, etc.), an epoxy-based resin (e.g., an aliphatic glycidyl ether (AGE), etc.), or any combination thereof; or

[0195] a combination of the inorganic film and the organic film.

[0196] As used herein, the expression "(intermediate layer) includes condensed ring compounds" can include a case where "(intermediate layer) includes the same condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1" and a case where "(intermediate layer) includes two or more different condensed ring compounds represented by Formula 1.

[0197] For example, the intermediate layer can include only Compound 1 as a condensed ring compound. In this embodiment, Compound 1 can be included in an emission layer of the light-emitting device. In one or more embodiments, the intermediate layer can include Compound 1 and Compound 2 as condensed ring compounds. In this regard, Compound 1 and Compound 2 can be present in the same layer (e.g., Compound 1 and Compound 2 can both be present in the emission layer), or in different layers (e.g., Compound 1 can be present in the emission layer and Compound 2 can be present in the electron transport region).

[0198] As used herein, the term "intermediate layer" refers to all of a single layer and / or multiple layers positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode of the light-emitting device.

[0199] Another aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure provides an electronic device including a light-emitting device. The electronic device can further include a thin film transistor.

[0200] In embodiments, the electronic device can further include a thin film transistor including a source electrode and a drain electrode, and the first electrode of the light-emitting device can be electrically bonded to the source electrode or the drain electrode.

[0201] In one or more embodiments, the electronic device can further include a color filter, a color conversion layer, a touch screen layer, a polarizing layer, or any combination thereof. For example, the electronic device can be a flat panel display device, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0202] Further details of the electronic device can be the same as described elsewhere in this specification.

[0203] Figure 1 Description of Drawings

[0204] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device 10 according to an embodiment. The light-emitting device 10 includes a first electrode 110, an intermediate layer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0205] Hereinafter, the structure of the light-emitting device 10 according to an embodiment and a method of manufacturing the light-emitting device 10 will be described with reference to Figure 1

[0206] The first electrode 110

[0207] In Figure 1 ​In an embodiment, the substrate can additionally be located below the first electrode 110 or above the second electrode 150. In an embodiment, the substrate can be a glass substrate and / or a plastic substrate. In one or more embodiments, the substrate can be a flexible substrate. For example, the substrate can include a plastic having excellent heat resistance and durability, such as polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate (PAR), polyetherimide, or a combination thereof.

[0208] The first electrode 110 can be formed by, for example, depositing and / or sputtering a material for forming the first electrode 110 on the substrate. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, a high work function material into which holes can be easily injected can be used as the material for forming the first electrode 110.

[0209] The first electrode 110 can be a reflective electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. In an embodiment, when the first electrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, the material for forming the first electrode 110 can include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, when the first electrode 110 is a semi-transmissive electrode or a reflective electrode, the material for forming the first electrode 110 can include magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), or any combination thereof.

[0210] The first electrode 110 can have a single layer structure including (e.g., consisting of) a single layer or a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers. For example, the first electrode 110 can have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO.

[0211] The intermediate layer 130

[0212] The intermediate layer 130 is located on the first electrode 110. The intermediate layer 130 can include an emission layer.

[0213] The intermediate layer 130 can further include a hole transport region located between the first electrode 110 and the emission layer and an electron transport region located between the emission layer and the second electrode 150.

[0214] In addition to various suitable organic materials, the intermediate layer 130 can include a metal-containing compound (such as an organometallic compound) and / or an inorganic material (such as a quantum dot), etc.

[0215] In one or more embodiments, the intermediate layer 130 can include: i) two or more emissive units sequentially stacked between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 150; and ii) a charge generation layer positioned between the two emissive units. When the intermediate layer 130 includes emissive units and a charge generation layer as described above, the light-emitting device 10 can be a tandem light-emitting device.

[0216] Hole transport region in intermediate layer 130

[0217] The hole transport region can have: i) a single-layer structure including (e.g., consisting of) a single layer that includes (e.g., consists of) a single material; ii) a single-layer structure including (e.g., consisting of) a single layer that includes (e.g., consists of) a plurality of different materials; or iii) a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers that include different materials.

[0218] The hole transport region can include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof.

[0219] For example, the hole transport region can have a multi-layer structure including: a hole injection layer / hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole injection layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, or a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer structure, where, in each structure, the layers are sequentially stacked on the first electrode 110.

[0220] The hole transport region can include a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof:

[0221] Formula 201

[0222]

[0223] Formula 202

[0224]

[0225] wherein, in Formula 201 and Formula 202,

[0226] L 201 to L 204 may each independently be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 carbocyclyl or C1-C 10a heterocyclyl, which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60

[0227] L 205 ​It can be *-O-*', *-S-*', or *-N(Q) 201 )-*', unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 20 Alkylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 20 alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0228] xa1 to xa4 can each be an integer in the range of 0 to 5 independently.

[0229] xa5 can be an integer in the range of 1 to 10.

[0230] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each can be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0231] R 201 and R 202 It can optionally be via a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted or substituted groups having at least one R 10a The C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted groups with at least one R group. 10a C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups (e.g., carbazole groups, etc.) (e.g., see compound HT16),

[0232] R 203 and R 204 Optionally via a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted or substituted groups having at least one R 10a The C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted groups with at least one R group. 10a C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups, and

[0233] na1 can be an integer in the range of 1 to 4.

[0234] For example, Formula 201 and Formula 202 can each include at least one of the groups represented by Formulas CY201-CY217:

[0235]

[0236] In Formulas CY201-CY217, R 10b and R 10c may each be the same as described in connection with R 10a Ring CY 201 through Ring CY 204 may each independently be a C3-C 20 carbocyclyl group or a C1-C 20 heterocyclyl group, and at least one hydrogen in Formulas CY201-CY217 can be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a .

[0237] In embodiments, Ring CY 201 through Ring CY 204 in Formulas CY201-CY217 can each independently be a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthryl group, or an anthryl group.

[0238] In one or more embodiments, Formula 201 and Formula 202 can each include at least one of the groups represented by Formulas CY201-CY203.

[0239] In one or more embodiments, Formula 201 can include at least one of the groups represented by Formulas CY201-CY203 and at least one of the groups represented by Formulas CY204-CY217.

[0240] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 201, xa1may be 1, R 201 may be a group represented by one of Formulas CY201-CY203, xa2may be 0, and R 202 may be a group represented by one of Formulas CY204-CY207.

[0241] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 can not include a group represented by one of Formulas CY201-CY203.

[0242] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 can not include a group represented by one of Formulas CY201-CY203, but can include at least one of the groups represented by Formulas CY204-CY217.

[0243] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 can not include a group represented by one of Formulas CY201 to CY217.

[0244] For example, the hole transport region can include one of compounds HT1 to HT44, m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB (NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated-NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4',4"-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphor sulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), or any combination thereof:

[0245]

[0246]

[0247]

[0248]

[0249]

[0250] The thickness of the hole transport region can be in a range of about to about (e.g., about to about ). When the hole transport region includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, or any combination thereof, the thickness of the hole injection layer can be in a range of about to about (e.g., about to about ), and the thickness of the hole transport layer can be in a range of about to about (e.g., about to about ). When the thickness of the hole transport region, the hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer is in these ranges, suitable or satisfactory hole transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing a driving voltage.

[0251] The emission auxiliary layer can improve the light emission efficiency by compensating for an optical resonance distance according to a wavelength of light emitted by the emission layer, and the electron blocking layer can block or reduce the flow of electrons from the electron transport region. The emission auxiliary layer and the electron blocking layer can include materials as described above.

[0252] p-dopant

[0253] In addition to these materials, the hole transport region can also include a charge generation material for improving the conductive properties. The charge generation material can be dispersed in the hole transport region uniformly or non-uniformly (e.g., in the form of a single layer of the charge generation material).

[0254] The charge generation material can be, for example, a p-dopant.

[0255] For example, the p-dopant can have a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level equal to or less than -3.5 eV.

[0256] In embodiments, the p-dopant can include a quinone derivative, a cyano-containing compound, a compound containing an element EL1 and an element EL2, or any combination thereof.

[0257] Examples of the quinone derivative include TCNQ and F4-TCNQ.

[0258] Examples of the cyano-containing compound include HAT-CN and a compound represented by Formula 221:

[0259]

[0260] Formula 221

[0261]

[0262] wherein, in Formula 221,

[0263] R 221 to R 223 may each independently be C3-C 10a alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 carbocyclyl or C1-C 10a heterocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 alkyl, or any combination thereof.

[0264] R 221 to R 223 may each independently be C3-C 60 carbocyclyl or C1-C 60 heterocyclyl each substituted with cyano; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; C1-C 20 alkyl substituted with cyano, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, or any combination thereof; or any combination thereof.

[0265] Regarding compounds containing elements EL1 and EL2, element EL1 can be a metal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof, and element EL2 can be a nonmetal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof.

[0266] Examples of metals include: alkali metals (e.g., lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), and / or cesium (Cs); alkaline earth metals (e.g., beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and / or barium (Ba); transition metals (e.g., titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), technetium (Tc), rhenium (Re), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), and cobalt (C). (e.g., o), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), silver (Ag) and / or gold (Au); post-transition metals (e.g., zinc (Zn), indium (In) and / or tin (Sn)); and lanthanides (e.g., lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb) and / or lutetium (Lu)).

[0267] Examples of metalloids include silicon (Si), antimony (Sb), and tellurium (Te).

[0268] Examples of nonmetals include oxygen (O) and halogens (e.g., F, Cl, Br, I, etc.).

[0269] Examples of compounds containing elements EL1 and EL2 include metal oxides, metal halides (e.g., metal fluorides, metal chlorides, metal bromides and / or metal iodides), metal halide (e.g., metal fluorides, metal chlorides, metal bromides and / or metal iodides), metal tellurides, or any combination thereof.

[0270] Examples of metal oxides include tungsten oxide (e.g., WO, W2O3, WO2, WO3 and / or W2O5), vanadium oxide (e.g., VO, V2O3, VO2 and / or V2O5), molybdenum oxide (MoO, Mo2O3, MoO2, MoO3 and / or Mo2O5) and rhenium oxide (e.g., ReO3).

[0271] Examples of metal halides include alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides, transition metal halides, post-transition metal halides, and lanthanide metal halides.

[0272] Examples of alkali metal halides include LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, LiBr, NaBr, KBr, RbBr, CsBr, LiI, NaI, KI, RbI, and CsI.

[0273] Examples of alkaline earth metal halides include BeF2, MgF2, CaF2, SrF2, BaF2, BeCl2, MgCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2, BaCl2, BeBr2, MgBr2, CaBr2, SrBr2, BaBr2, BeI2, MgI2, CaI2, SrI2, and BaI2.

[0274] Examples of transition metal halides include titanium halides (e.g., TiF4, TiCl4, TiBr4, and / or Til4), zirconium halides (e.g., ZrF4, ZrCl4, ZrBr4, and / or ZrI4), hafnium halides (e.g., HfF4, HfCl4, HfBr4, and / or HfI4), vanadium halides (e.g., VF3, VCl3, VBr3, and / or VI3), niobium halides (e.g., NbF3, NbCl3, NbBr3, and / or NbI3), tantalum halides (e.g., TaF3, TaCl3, TaBr3, and / or TaI3), chromium halides (e.g., CrF3, CrCl3, CrBr3, and / or CrI3), molybdenum halides (e.g., MoF3, MoCl3, MoBr3, and / or MoI3), tungsten halides (e.g., WF3, WCl3, WBr3, and / or WI3), manganese halides (e.g., MnF2, MnCl2, MnBr2, and / or MnI2), technetium halides (e.g., TcF2, TcCl2, TcBr2, and / or TcI2), rhenium halides (e.g., ReF2, ReCl2, ReBr2, and / or ReI2), iron halides (e.g., FeF2, FeCl2, FeBr2, and / or FeI2), ruthenium halides (e.g., RuF2, RuCl2, RuBr2, and / or RuI2), osmium halides (e.g., OsF2, OsCl2, OsBr2, and / or OsI2), cobalt halides (e.g., CoF2, CoCl2, CoBr2, and / or CoI2), rhodium halides (e.g., RhF2, RhCl2, RhBr2, and / or RhI2), iridium halides (e.g., IrF2, IrCl2, IrBr2, and / or IrI2), nickel halides (e.g., NiF2, NiCl2, NiBr2, and / or NiI2), palladium halides (e.g., PdF2, PdCl2, PdBr2, and / or PdI2), platinum halides (e.g., PtF2, PtCl2, PtBr2, and / or PtI2), copper halides (e.g., CuF, CuCl, CuBr, and / or CuI), silver halides (e.g., AgF, AgCl, AgBr, and / or AgI), and gold halides (e.g., AuF, AuCl, AuBr, and / or AuI).

[0275] Examples of post-transition metal halides include zinc halides (e.g., ZnF2, ZnCl2, ZnBr2, and / or ZnI2), indium halides (e.g., Ini3), and tin halides (e.g., SnI2).

[0276] Examples of lanthanide metal halides include YbF, YbF2, YbF3, SmF3, YbCl, YbCl2, YbCl3, SmCl3, YbBr, YbBr2, YbBr3, SmBr3, YbI, YbI2, YbI3, and SmI3.

[0277] Examples of metalloid halides include antimony halides (e.g., SbCl5).

[0278] Examples of metal tellurides include alkali metal tellurides (e.g., Li2Te, Na2Te, K2Te, Rb2Te, and / or Cs2Te), alkaline earth metal tellurides (e.g., BeTe, MgTe, CaTe, SrTe, and / or BaTe), transition metal tellurides (e.g., TiTe2, ZrTe2, HfTe2, V2Te3, Nb2Te3, Ta2Te3, Cr2Te3, Mo2Te3, W2Te3, MnTe, TcTe, ReTe, FeTe, RuTe, OsTe, CoTe, RhTe, IrTe, NiTe, PdTe, PtTe, Cu2Te, CuTe, Ag2Te, AgTe, and / or Au2Te), post-transition metal tellurides (e.g., ZnTe), and lanthanide metal tellurides (e.g., LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, and / or LuTe).

[0279] Emission layer in the intermediate layer 130

[0280] When the light emitting device 10 is a full color light emitting device, the emission layer can be patterned into a red emission layer, a green emission layer, and / or a blue emission layer according to sub-pixels. In an embodiment, the emission layer can have a stacked structure of two or more layers among a red emission layer, a green emission layer, and a blue emission layer, where the two or more layers are in contact (e.g., physically contact) with each other or are separated from each other. In one or more embodiments, the emission layer can include two or more materials among a red light emitting material, a green light emitting material, and a blue light emitting material, where the two or more materials are mixed with each other in a single layer to emit white light.

[0281] The emission layer can include a host and a dopant. The dopant can include a phosphorescent dopant, a fluorescent dopant, or any combination thereof.

[0282] The dopant can include a condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1.

[0283] The amount of the dopant in the emission layer can be in the range of about 0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the host.

[0284] In an embodiment, the emission layer can include a quantum dot.

[0285] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer can include a delayed fluorescence material. The delayed fluorescence material can be used as a host or a dopant in the emission layer.

[0286] The thickness of the emission layer can be in the range of about 10 nm to about 500 nm. to about 100 nm. (For example, about 10 nm to about 50 nm.) to about 100 nm. ) can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0287] The host

[0288] In an embodiment, the host can include a compound represented by Formula 301:

[0289] Formula 301

[0290] [Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21

[0291] In Formula 301,

[0292] Ar 301 and L 301 may each independently be C3-C 10a carbocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 or C1-C 10a heterocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 ,

[0293] xb11may be 1, 2, or 3,

[0294] xb1may be an integer in the range of 0 to 5,

[0295] R 301 may be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, C1-C 10a alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , C2-C 10a alkenyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , C2-C 10a alkynyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , C1-C 10a alkoxy unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , C3-C 10a carbocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , C1-C 10a heterocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , -Si(Q 301)(Q 302 )(Q 303 ), -N(Q 301 )(Q 302 ), -B(Q 301 )(Q 302 ), -C(=O)(Q 301 ), -S(=O)2(Q 301 ), or -P(=O)(Q 301 )(Q 302 ), xb21 can be an integer ranging from 1 to 5, and

[0296] Q 301 to Q 303 may each be the same as described in connection with Q1.

[0297] For example, when xb11 in Formula 301 is 2 or more, two or more Ar 301 may be connected to each other via a single bond.

[0298] In one or more embodiments, the host can include a compound represented by Formula 301-1, a compound represented by Formula 301-2, or any combination thereof:

[0299] Formula 301-1

[0300]

[0301] Formula 301-2

[0302]

[0303] wherein, in Formula 301-1 and Formula 301-2,

[0304] Ring A 301 to Ring A 304 may each independently be C3-C 10a carbocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , or C1-C 10a heterocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 ,

[0305] X 301 may be O, S, N-[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ], C(R 304 )(R 305 ), or Si(R 304 )(R 305 ),

[0306] xb22 and xb23 may, independently, be 0, 1, or 2,

[0307] L 301 , Xb1, and R 301 may each be the same as described in the specification,

[0308] L 302 to L 304 may each independently be the same as described in connection with L 301 the specification,

[0309] Xb2 to Xb4 may each independently be the same as described in connection with Xb1, and

[0310] R 302 to R 305 and R 311 to R 314 may each independently be the same as described in connection with R 301 the specification.

[0311] In one or more embodiments, the host can include an alkaline earth metal complex. In embodiments, the host can include a Be complex (e.g., compound H55), a Mg complex, a Zn complex, or any combination thereof.

[0312] In one or more embodiments, the host can include one of compound H1 to compound H124, 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN), 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN), 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-di-9-carbazolylbenzene (mCP), 1,3,5-tris(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP), or any combination thereof, although embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0313]

[0314]

[0315]

[0316]

[0317]

[0318]

[0319]

[0320] Delayed fluorescence material

[0321] The emissive layer can include a delayed fluorescence material.

[0322] The delayed fluorescence material as used herein can be selected from any suitable compound capable of emitting delayed fluorescence based on a delayed fluorescence emission mechanism.

[0323] The delayed fluorescence material included in the emission layer can function as a host or a dopant depending on the type (or composition) of other materials included in the emission layer.

[0324] In an embodiment, the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescence material and the singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescence material can be equal to or greater than 0 eV and equal to or less than 0.5 eV. When the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescence material and the singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescence material satisfies any of the ranges above, the upward transition from the triplet state of the delayed fluorescence material to the singlet state can effectively occur, and thus the light-emitting device 10 can have improved luminous efficiency.

[0325] For example, the delayed fluorescence material can include: i) a material including at least one electron donor (e.g., a π-electron rich C3-C 60 ring group such as a carbazole group) and at least one electron acceptor (e.g., a sulfoxide group, a cyano group, or a π-electron poor nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 ring group); ii) a material including a C8-C 60 polycyclic ring group in which two or more ring groups share boron (B) and are condensed (e.g., bonded together) with each other.

[0326] The delayed fluorescence material can include at least one of Compound DF1 to Compound DF9:

[0327] Quantum dot

[0328] The emission layer can include a quantum dot.

[0329] The quantum dot as used herein refers to a crystal of a semiconductor compound, and can include any suitable material capable of emitting light of various suitable light-emitting wavelengths depending on the size of the crystal.

[0330] The diameter of the quantum dot can be in the range of, for example, about 1 nm to about 10 nm.

[0331] The quantum dot can be synthesized by a wet chemical process, a metal organic chemical vapor deposition process, a molecular beam epitaxy process, and / or a process similar to these processes.

[0332] The wet-chemical process refers to a method in which an organic solvent is mixed with a precursor material, and then quantum dot particles are grown. As the crystal grows, the organic solvent naturally serves as a dispersant coordinated on the surface of the quantum dot crystal and controls the growth of the crystal. Accordingly, by using a process that is easily performed at a low cost compared to a gas-phase deposition process, such as a metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) process and a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) process, the growth of quantum dot particles can be controlled.

[0333] The quantum dots can include a II-VI semiconductor compound, a III-V semiconductor compound, a III-VI semiconductor compound, a I-III-VI semiconductor compound, a IV-VI semiconductor compound, a IV element or compound, or any combination thereof.

[0334] Examples of the II-VI semiconductor compound include binary compounds such as CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe, and / or MgS; ternary compounds such as CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe, and / or MgZnS; quaternary compounds such as CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, and / or HgZnSTe; and any combination thereof.

[0335] Examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds include binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AIN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, and / or InSb; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InAlP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, and / or InPSb; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, and / or InAlPSb; and any combination thereof. Group III-V semiconductor compounds can also include Group II elements. Examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds that also include Group II elements include InZnP, InGaZnP, and InAlZnP.

[0336] Examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds include binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AIN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, and / or InSb; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InAlP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, and / or InPSb; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, and / or InAlPSb; and any combination thereof. Group III-V semiconductor compounds can also include Group II elements. Examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds that also include Group II elements include InZnP, InGaZnP, and InAlZnP.

[0337] Examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds include binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AIN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, and / or InSb; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InAlP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, and / or InPSb; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, and / or InAlPSb; and any combination thereof. Group III-V semiconductor compounds can also include Group II elements. Examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds that also include Group II elements include InZnP, InGaZnP, and InAlZnP.

[0338] Examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds include binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AIN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, and / or InSb; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InAlP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, and / or InPSb; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, and / or InAlPSb; and any combination thereof. Group III-V semiconductor compounds can also include Group II elements. Examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds that also include Group II elements include InZnP, InGaZnP, and InAlZnP.

[0339] In embodiments, Group IV elements or compounds can include single elements such as Si or Ge; binary compounds such as SiC and / or SiGe; or any combination thereof.

[0340] Each element included in a multi-element compound, such as a binary compound, a ternary compound, and a quaternary compound, can be present in the particle at a uniform concentration or a non-uniform concentration.

[0341] In some embodiments, the quantum dot can have a single structure or a dual structure of a core-shell, the single structure having a uniform (e.g., substantially uniform) concentration of each element included in the corresponding quantum dot. In embodiments, the material included in the core can be different from the material included in the shell.

[0342] The shell of the quantum dot can function as a protective layer for maintaining the semiconductor property by preventing or reducing chemical denaturation of the core, and / or can function as a charging layer for imparting electrophoretic properties to the quantum dot. The shell can be a single layer or multiple layers. The interface between the core and the shell can have a concentration gradient in which the concentration of the element present in the shell decreases toward the center.

[0343] Examples of the shell of the quantum dot include a metal and / or non-metal oxide, a semiconductor compound, or any combination thereof. Examples of the metal and / or non-metal oxide include a binary compound such as SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, ZnO, MnO, Mn2O3, Mn3O4, CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CoO, Co3O4, and / or NiO; a ternary compound such as MgAl2O4, CoFe2O4, NiFe2O4, and / or CoMn2O4; and any combination thereof. Examples of the semiconductor compound include a Group III-VI semiconductor compound, a Group II-VI semiconductor compound, a Group III-V semiconductor compound, a Group III-VI semiconductor compound, a Group I-III-VI semiconductor compound, a Group IV-VI semiconductor compound, or any combination thereof, as described herein. In embodiments, the semiconductor compound can include CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnSeS, ZnTeS, GaAs, GaP, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AlP, AlSb, or any combination thereof.

[0344] The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the light emission wavelength spectrum of the quantum dot can be equal to or less than about 45 nm, for example, equal to or less than about 40 nm, for example, equal to or less than about 30 nm. When the FWHM of the light emission wavelength spectrum of the quantum dot is within these ranges, color purity or color reproducibility can be improved. In addition, light emitted by such a quantum dot is irradiated in all directions (e.g., substantially every direction). Thus, a wide viewing angle can be increased.

[0345] Additionally, the quantum dots can be nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibers, and / or nanoplatelets that are, for example, spherical, pyramidal, multi-armed, and / or cubic.

[0346] By adjusting the size of the quantum dots, the energy band gap can also be adjusted, thereby obtaining light of various suitable wavelengths in the quantum dot emissive layer. Thus, by using quantum dots of different sizes, light emitting devices that emit light of various suitable wavelengths can be realized. In embodiments, the size of the quantum dots can be selected to emit red light, green light, and / or blue light. Additionally, the size of the quantum dots can be adjusted such that light of various suitable colors combine to emit white light.

[0347] Electron transport region in the intermediate layer 130

[0348] The electron transport region can have: i) a single layer structure comprising (e.g., consisting of) a single layer comprising (e.g., consisting of) a single material; ii) a single layer structure comprising (e.g., consisting of) a single layer comprising (e.g., consisting of) a plurality of different materials; or iii) a multi-layer structure comprising a plurality of layers comprising different materials.

[0349] The electron transport region can comprise a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0350] For example, the electron transport region can have an electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, an electron control layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, or a buffer layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, where, in each structure, the layers are sequentially stacked on the emissive layer.

[0351] The electron transport region (e.g., a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, and / or an electron transport layer in the electron transport region) can comprise a nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 Metal-free compounds of the cyclic group.

[0352] In embodiments, the electron transport region can comprise a compound represented by Formula 601:

[0353] Formula 601

[0354] [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 ] xe21

[0355] where, in Formula 601,

[0356] Ar601 and L 601 may each independently be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C3-C 60 carbocyclyl or unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C1-C 60 heterocyclyl,

[0357] xe11may be 1, 2, or 3,

[0358] xe1may be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5,

[0359] R 601 may be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C3-C 60 carbocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, -Si(Q 601 )(Q 602 )(Q 603 ), -C(=O)(Q 601 ), -S(=O)2(Q 601 ), or -P(=O)(Q 601 )(Q 602 ),

[0360] Q 601 through Q 603 may each be the same as described in connection with Q1,

[0361] xe21may be 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and

[0362] At least one of Ar 601 , L 601 , and R 601 may each independently be a π-electron poor nitrogen-containing C1-C 10a cyclyl that is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 .

[0363] In one or more embodiments, when xe11in Formula 601 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 601 may be connected to each other via a single bond.

[0364] In one or more embodiments, Ar 601 in Formula 601 can be a substituted or unsubstituted anthracene group.

[0365] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region can include a compound represented by Formula 601-1:

[0366] Formula 601-1

[0367]

[0368] wherein, in Formula 601-1,

[0369] X 614 may be N or C(R 614 ), X 615 may be N or C(R 615 ), X 616 may be N or C(R 616 ), and X 614 at least one of X 616 may be N,

[0370] L 611 to L 613 may each be the same as described in connection with L 601 ,

[0371] xe611to xe613may each be the same as described in connection with xe1,

[0372] R 611 to R 613 may each be the same as described in connection with R 601 , and

[0373] R 614 to R 616 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 alkyl, C1-C 20 alkoxy, C3-C 10a carbocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , or C1-C 10a heterocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 .

[0374] For example, xe1in Formula 601 and xe611to xe613in Formula 601-1may each independently be 0, 1, or 2.

[0375] The electron transport region can include one of compounds ET1to ET45, 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq3, BAlq, TAZ, NTAZ, or any combination thereof:

[0376]

[0377]

[0378]

[0379] The thickness of the electron transport region can be approximately to approximately (For example, about to approximately Within the range of ), when the electron transport region includes a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, or any combination thereof, the thickness of the buffer layer, hole blocking layer, or electron control layer can be approximately to approximately (For example, about to approximately The thickness of the electron transport layer can be within the range of approximately 1000 mm, and the thickness of the electron transport layer can be approximately 1000 mm. to approximately (For example, about to approximately Within the range of the above, when the thickness of the buffer layer, hole blocking layer, electronic control layer and / or electron transport layer is within any of the above ranges, suitable or satisfactory electron transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0380] In addition to the materials mentioned above, the electron transport region (e.g., the electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may also include metallic materials.

[0381] Metal-containing materials may include alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof. The metal ion in alkali metal complexes may be Li, Na, K, Rb, or Cs ions, and the metal ion in alkaline earth metal complexes may be Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba ions. The ligand coordinated to the metal ion in the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal complex may be hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthrene, cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0382] For example, metallic materials may include Li complexes. Li complexes may include, for example, compounds ET-D1 (LiQ) or ET-D2:

[0383]

[0384] The electron transport region may include an electron injection layer that facilitates electron injection from the second electrode 150. The electron injection layer may directly contact (e.g., physically contact) the second electrode 150.

[0385] The electron injection layer can have: i) a single layer structure comprising (e.g., consisting of) a single layer comprising (e.g., consisting of) a single material; ii) a single layer structure comprising (e.g., consisting of) a single layer comprising (e.g., consisting of) a plurality of different materials; or iii) a multi-layer structure comprising a plurality of layers comprising different materials.

[0386] The electron injection layer can comprise an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline earth metal-containing compound, a rare earth metal-containing compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0387] The alkali metal can comprise Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal can comprise Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, or any combination thereof. The rare earth metal can comprise Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, Gd, or any combination thereof.

[0388] The alkali metal-containing compound, the alkaline earth metal-containing compound, and the rare earth metal-containing compound can comprise oxides and / or halides (e.g., fluorides, chlorides, bromides, and / or iodides) of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the rare earth metal, or any combination thereof.

[0389] The alkali metal-containing compound can comprise alkali metal oxides such as Li2O, Cs2O, and / or K2O and alkali metal halides such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and / or KI, or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal-containing compound can comprise alkaline earth metal oxides such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O (x is a real number satisfying the condition 0 < x < 1) and / or Ba x Ca 1-x O (x is a real number satisfying the condition 0 < x < 1). The rare earth metal-containing compound can comprise YbF3, ScF3, Sc2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, GdF3, TbF3, YbI3, ScI3, TbI3, or any combination thereof. In embodiments, the rare earth metal-containing compound can comprise lanthanide tellurides. Examples of lanthanide tellurides include LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, SmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, LuTe, La2Te3, Ce2Te3, Pr2Te3, Nd2Te3, Pm2Te3, Sm2Te3, Eu2Te3, Gd2Te3, Tb2Te3, Dy2Te3, Ho2Te3, Er2Te3, Tm2Te3, Yb2Te3, and Lu2Te3.

[0390] The alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth metal complex, and the rare earth metal complex can include: i) one of ions of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the rare earth metal; and ii) as a ligand connected to the metal ion, for example, a hydroxyquinoline, a hydroxyisoquinoline, a hydroxybenzoquinoline, a hydroxyacridine, a hydroxyphenanthridine, a hydroxyphenyl-oxazole, a hydroxyphenyl-thiazole, a hydroxyphenyl-oxadiazole, a hydroxyphenyl-thiadiazole, a hydroxyphenyl-pyridine, a hydroxyphenyl-benzimidazole, a hydroxyphenyl-benzothiazole, a bipyridine, a phenanthroline, a cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0391] The electron injection layer can include (e.g., consist of) or further include an organic material (e.g., a compound represented by Formula 601) in addition to the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, the rare earth metal, the alkali metal-containing compound, the alkaline earth metal-containing compound, the rare earth metal-containing compound, the alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth metal complex, the rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0392] In an embodiment, the electron injection layer can include: i) an alkali metal-containing compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide); or ii) a) an alkali metal-containing compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide) and b) an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, or any combination thereof (e.g., consist of i) an alkali metal-containing compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide); or consist of ii) a) an alkali metal-containing compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide) and b) an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, or any combination thereof). In an embodiment, the electron injection layer can include a KI:Yb co-deposited layer and / or a RbI:Yb co-deposited layer.

[0393] When the electron injection layer further includes an organic material, the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, the rare earth metal, the alkali metal-containing compound, the alkaline earth metal-containing compound, the rare earth metal-containing compound, the alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth metal complex, the rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof can be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in a matrix including the organic material.

[0394] The thickness of the electron injection layer can be in a range of about 0.1 nm to about 10 nm (e.g., about 0.5 nm to about 5 nm, about 1 nm to about 3 nm, or about 1 nm to about 2 nm). to about 10 nm (e.g., about 0.5 nm to about 5 nm, about 1 nm to about 3 nm, or about 1 nm to about 2 nm). (e.g., about 0.5 nm to about 5 nm, about 1 nm to about 3 nm, or about 1 nm to about 2 nm). to about 10 nm (e.g., about 0.5 nm to about 5 nm, about 1 nm to about 3 nm, or about 1 nm to about 2 nm). When the thickness of the electron injection layer is in any of the above ranges, suitable or satisfactory electron injection characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing a driving voltage.

[0395] The second electrode 150

[0396] The second electrode 150 can be located on the intermediate layer 130 having such a structure. The second electrode 150 can be a cathode as an electron injection electrode, and metals, alloys, conductive compounds, or any combination thereof each having a low work function can be used as a material for forming the second electrode 150.

[0397] The second electrode 150 can include lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ytterbium (Yb), silver-ytterbium (Ag-Yb), ITO, IZO, or any combination thereof. The second electrode 150 can be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0398] The second electrode 150 can have a single layer structure or a multi-layer structure including two or more layers.

[0399] Cap Layers

[0400] The first cap layer can be located outside the first electrode 110, and / or the second cap layer can be located outside the second electrode 150. In more detail, the light emitting device 10 can have a structure in which the first cap layer, the first electrode 110, the intermediate layer 130, and the second electrode 150 are sequentially stacked in that order, a structure in which the first electrode 110, the intermediate layer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second cap layer are sequentially stacked in that order, or a structure in which the first cap layer, the first electrode 110, the intermediate layer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second cap layer are sequentially stacked in that order.

[0401] Light generated in the emission layer of the intermediate layer 130 of the light emitting device 10 can be extracted toward the outside through the first electrode 110, which is a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode, and the first cap layer, and light generated in the emission layer of the intermediate layer 130 of the light emitting device 10 can be extracted toward the outside through the second electrode 150, which is a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode, and the second cap layer.

[0402] The first cap layer and the second cap layer can improve external light emission efficiency according to the principle of constructive interference. Accordingly, the light extraction efficiency of the light emitting device 10 is improved, so that the light emission efficiency of the light emitting device 10 can be improved.

[0403] Each of the first cap layer and the second cap layer can include a material having a refractive index equal to or greater than 1.6 (at a wavelength of 589 nm).

[0404] The first cap layer and the second cap layer can each independently be an organic cap layer including an organic material, an inorganic cap layer including an inorganic material, or a composite cap layer including an organic material and an inorganic material.

[0405] The at least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer can each independently include a carbocyclic compound, a heterocyclic compound, an amine-containing compound, a porphyrin derivative, a phthalocyanine derivative, a naphthalocyanine derivative, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or any combination thereof. The carbocyclic compound, the heterocyclic compound, and the amine-containing compound can be optionally substituted with a substituent including O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, I, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the at least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer can each independently include an amine-containing compound.

[0406] In one or more embodiments, the at least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer can each independently include a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof.

[0407] In one or more embodiments, the at least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer can each independently include one of compounds HT28 to HT33, one of compounds CP1 to CP6, β-NPB, or any combination thereof.

[0408]

[0409] Electronic device

[0410] The light emitting device can be included in various suitable electronic devices. For example, the electronic device including the light emitting device can be a light emitting device and / or an authentication device, etc.

[0411] In addition to the light emitting device, the electronic device (e.g., the light emitting device) can further include i) a color filter, ii) a color conversion layer, or iii) both the color filter and the color conversion layer. The color filter and / or the color conversion layer can be located in at least one traveling direction of light emitted from the light emitting device. For example, the light emitted from the light emitting device can be blue light or white light. The light emitting device can be the same as described above. In an embodiment, the color conversion layer can include quantum dots. The quantum dots can be, for example, quantum dots as described herein.

[0412] The electronic device can include a first substrate. The first substrate can include a plurality of sub-pixel regions, the color filter can include a plurality of color filter regions corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions, respectively, and the color conversion layer can include a plurality of color conversion regions corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions, respectively.

[0413] A pixel defining film can be located between the plurality of sub-pixel regions to define each sub-pixel region.

[0414] The color filter can further include color filter regions and a light blocking pattern between adjacent color filter regions in the color filter regions, and the color conversion layer can further include color conversion regions and a light blocking pattern between adjacent color conversion regions in the color conversion regions.

[0415] The color filter region (or the color conversion region) can include a first region emitting first color light, a second region emitting second color light, and / or a third region emitting third color light, and the first color light, the second color light, and / or the third color light can have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. For example, the first color light can be red light, the second color light can be green light, and the third color light can be blue light. For example, the color filter region (or the color conversion region) can include quantum dots. In more detail, the first region can include red quantum dots, the second region can include green quantum dots, and the third region can not include quantum dots. The quantum dots are the same as described elsewhere in this specification. Each of the first region, the second region, and / or the third region can further include a scatterer.

[0416] For example, the light emitting device can emit first light, the first region can absorb the first light to emit first first color light, the second region can absorb the first light to emit second first color light, and the third region can absorb the first light to emit third first color light. In this embodiment, the first first color light, the second first color light, and the third first color light can have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. In more detail, the first light can be blue light, the first first color light can be red light, the second first color light can be green light, and the third first color light can be blue light.

[0417] In addition to the light emitting device as described above, the electronic device can further include a thin film transistor. The thin film transistor can include a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer, wherein either of the source electrode and the drain electrode can be electrically bonded to any one selected from the first electrode and the second electrode of the light emitting device.

[0418] The thin film transistor can further include a gate electrode and / or a gate insulating layer, etc.

[0419] The active layer can include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, organic semiconductor, and / or oxide semiconductor, etc.

[0420] The electronic device can further include a sealing portion for sealing the light emitting device. The sealing portion can be located between the color filter and / or the color conversion layer and the light emitting device. The sealing portion allows light from the light emitting device to be extracted toward the outside while concurrently (e.g., simultaneously) preventing or reducing environmental air and / or moisture from penetrating into the light emitting device. The sealing portion can be a sealing substrate including a transparent glass substrate and / or a plastic substrate. The sealing portion can be a thin film encapsulation layer including at least one of an organic layer and / or an inorganic layer. When the sealing portion is the thin film encapsulation layer, the electronic device can be flexible.

[0421] On the sealing portion, various suitable functional layers can be included in addition to the color filter and / or the color conversion layer depending on the use of the electronic device. The functional layer can include a touch screen layer and / or a polarizing layer, etc. The touch screen layer can be a pressure sensitive touch screen layer, a capacitive touch screen layer, and / or an infrared touch screen layer. The authentication device can be a biometric authentication device that authenticates an individual, for example, by using biometric information of a biometric object (e.g., a fingertip and / or a pupil, etc.).

[0422] In addition to the light emitting device, the authentication device can include a biometric information collector.

[0423] The electronic device can be applied to various suitable displays, light sources, illuminations, personal computers (e.g., mobile personal computers), mobile phones, digital cameras, electronic organizers, electronic dictionaries, electronic game machines, medical instruments (e.g., electronic thermometers, sphygmomanometers, blood glucose meters, pulse measurement devices, pulse wave measurement devices, electrocardiogram displays, ultrasonic diagnostic devices, and / or endoscope displays), fish finders, various suitable measuring instruments, meters (e.g., meters for vehicles, airplanes, and ships), and / or projectors, etc.

[0424] Figure 2 and Figure 3 Description

[0425] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0426] Figure 2 The light emitting device of includes a substrate 100, a thin film transistor (TFT), a light emitting device, and a sealing portion 300 for sealing the light emitting device.

[0427] The substrate 100 can be a flexible substrate, a glass substrate, and / or a metal substrate. A buffer layer 210 can be located on the substrate 100. The buffer layer 210 prevents or reduces impurities from penetrating through the substrate 100 and can provide a flat surface on the substrate 100.

[0428] A TFT can be located on the buffer layer 210. The TFT can include an active layer 220, a gate electrode 240, a source electrode 260, and a drain electrode 270.

[0429] The active layer 220 can include an inorganic semiconductor (such as silicon and / or polysilicon), an organic semiconductor, and / or an oxide semiconductor, and can include a source region, a drain region, and a channel region.

[0430] A gate insulating film 230 for insulating the active layer 220 from the gate electrode 240 can be located on the active layer 220, and the gate electrode 240 can be located on the gate insulating film 230.

[0431] An interlayer insulating film 250 can be located on the gate electrode 240. The interlayer insulating film 250 insulates the gate electrode 240 from the source electrode 260 and insulates the gate electrode 240 from the drain electrode 270.

[0432] The source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 can be located on the interlayer insulating film 250. The interlayer insulating film 250 and the gate insulating film 230 can be formed to expose the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220, and the source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 can be in contact (e.g., physically in contact) with the exposed portions of the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220.

[0433] The TFT can be electrically coupled to a light-emitting device to drive the light-emitting device, and covered by a passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 can include an inorganic insulating film, an organic insulating film, or a combination thereof. The light-emitting device can be disposed on the passivation layer 280. The light-emitting device includes the first electrode 110, the intermediate layer 130, and the second electrode 150.

[0434] The first electrode 110 can be coupled to the exposed portion of the drain electrode 270, as the passivation layer 280 does not completely cover the drain electrode 270 and exposes a portion of the drain electrode 270.

[0435] A pixel-defining layer 290 including an insulating material can be located on the first electrode 110. The pixel-defining layer 290 can expose a certain area of the first electrode 110, and the intermediate layer 130 can be formed in the exposed area of the first electrode 110. The pixel-defining layer 290 can be a polyimide-based organic film or a polyacrylic-based organic film. In some embodiments, at least some of the layers in the intermediate layer 130 can extend beyond the upper portion of the pixel-defining layer 290, and thus can be in the form of a common layer.

[0436] The second electrode 150 can be located on the intermediate layer 130, and a cap layer 170 can be additionally formed on the second electrode 150. The cap layer 170 can be formed to cover the second electrode 150.

[0437] An encapsulating portion 300 can be located on the cap layer 170. The encapsulating portion 300 can be located on the light emitting device, and protect the light emitting device from moisture and / or oxygen. The encapsulating portion 300 can include an inorganic film including silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxide (SiO x ), indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, or a combination thereof; an organic film including polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylenesulfonate, polyformaldehyde, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, an acrylic resin (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate or polyacrylic acid), an epoxy-based resin (e.g., an aliphatic glycidyl ether (AGE)), or a combination thereof; or a combination of an inorganic film and an organic film.

[0438] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a light emitting apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0439] Except that the light blocking pattern 500 and the functional area 400 are additionally located on the encapsulating portion 300, Figure 3 the light emitting apparatus of Figure 2 is the same as the light emitting apparatus of The functional area 400 can be i) a color filter area; ii) a color conversion area; or iii) a combination of a color filter area and a color conversion area. In an embodiment, the light emitting device included in the light emitting apparatus of Figure 3 may be a series light emitting device.

[0440] Preparation method

[0441] The layers constituting the hole transport region, the emission layer, and the layers constituting the electron transport region can be formed in a certain area by using one or more suitable methods selected from vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing, and laser-induced thermal imaging.

[0442] When the layers constituting the hole transport region, the emission layer, and the layers constituting the electron transport region are formed by vacuum deposition, vacuum deposition can be performed at a deposition temperature in the range of about 100°C to about 500°C, a vacuum degree in the range of about 10 -8 tor to about 10 -3 tor, and a deposition speed in the range of about / second to about / second, by considering the materials included in the layers to be formed and the structure of the layers to be formed.

[0443] Definitions of at least some terms

[0444] The term "C3-C 60 Carbon ring group" means a ring group consisting solely of carbon and having 3 to 60 carbon atoms. The term "C1-C 60 Hetero ring group" means a ring group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and including, in addition to carbon, hetero atoms. C3-C 60 Carbon ring group" and "C1-C 60 Hetero ring group" can each be a monocyclic ring group consisting of one ring or a polycyclic ring group in which two or more rings are condensed (e.g., joined together) with one another. In embodiments, C1-C 60 The number of ring-forming atoms of the hetero ring group can be 3 to 61.

[0445] The term "ring group" as used herein includes C3-C 60 Carbon ring group" and "C1-C 60 Hetero ring group".

[0446] The term "π-electron rich C3-C 60 Ring group" means a ring group having 3 to 60 carbon atoms and not including *-N=* as a ring-forming moiety. The term "π-electron poor nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 Ring group" means a hetero ring group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and including *-N=* as a ring-forming moiety.

[0447] For example,

[0448] C3-C 60 The C3-C group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, a heptalene group, a tetracene group, a coronene group, a hexacene group, a pentacene group, a chrysene group, a pyranthrene group, a thianthrene group, an indene group, an indane group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, an indenophenanthrene group, or an indenoanthracene group),

[0449] C1-C 60The heterocyclic group can be: i) group T2; ii) a condensed cyclic group in which two or more groups T2 are condensed together (e.g., bonded together); or iii) a condensed cyclic group in which at least one group T2 and at least one group T1 are condensed together (e.g., bonded together) (e.g., pyrrole group, thiophene group, furan group, indole group, benzoindole group, naphthoindole group, isoindole group, benzoisoindole group, naphthoisoindole group). Dolphin group, benzothiophene group, benzofuran group, carbazole group, dibenzothiophene group, dibenzothiophene group, dibenzofuran group, indole-carbazole group, indole-carbazole group, benzofuran-carbazole group, benzothiophene-carbazole group, benzothiophene-carbazole group, benzoindole-carbazole group, benzocarbazole group, benzonaphthiofuran group, benzonaphthiophene group, benzonaphthiophene group, benzofuran-dibenzofuran Groups, benzofuran-dibenzothiophene group, benzothiophene-dibenzothiophene group, pyrazole group, imidazole group, triazole group, oxazole group, isoxazole group, oxadiazole group, thiazole group, isothiazole group, thiaazole group, isothiazole group, thiadiazole group, benzopyrazole group, benzimidazole group, benzoxazole group, benzoisoxazole group, benzothiazole group, benzoisothiazole group, pyridine group, pyrimidine group, pyrazine group, pyridazine group, triazine group, quinoline group, iso Quinoline group, benzoquinoline group, benzoisoquinoline group, quinoxaline group, benzoquinoxaline group, quinazoline group, benzoquinazoline group, phenanthrene group, cinnamoline group, phthalazine group, naphthidine group, imidazopyridine group, imidazopyrimidine group, imidazotriazine group, imidazopyrazine group, imidazopyridazine group, azacarbazole group, azafluorene group, azadibenzothiophene group, azadibenzothiophene group or azadibenzofuran group),

[0450] C3-C rich in π electrons 60 The cyclic group can be: i) group T1; ii) a condensed cyclic group in which two or more groups T1 are condensed together (e.g., bonded together); iii) group T3; iv) a condensed cyclic group in which two or more groups T3 are condensed together (e.g., bonded together); or v) a condensed cyclic group in which at least one group T3 and at least one group T1 are condensed together (e.g., bonded together) (e.g., C3-C). 60Carbocyclic groups, pyrrole groups, thiophene groups, furan groups, indole groups, benzoindole groups, naphthoindole groups, isoindole groups, benzoisoindole groups, naphthoisoindole groups, benzothiophene groups, benzofuran groups, carbazole groups, dibenzothiophene groups, dibenzofuran groups, indole-carbazole groups, indole-carbazole groups, benzofuran-carbazole groups, benzothiophene-carbazole groups, benzothiophene-carbazole groups, benzoindole-carbazole groups, benzocarbazole groups, benzonaphthofuran groups, benzonaphthophene groups, benzonaphthothiophene groups, benzofuran-dibenzofuran groups, benzofuran-dibenzothiophene groups or benzothiophene-dibenzothiophene groups),

[0451] Nitrogen-containing C1-C cells with depleted π electrons 60 The cyclic group can be: i) group T4; ii) a condensed cyclic group in which two or more groups T4 are condensed together (e.g., bonded together); iii) a condensed cyclic group in which at least one group T4 and at least one group T1 are condensed together (e.g., bonded together); iv) a condensed cyclic group in which at least one group T4 and at least one group T3 are condensed together (e.g., bonded together); or v) a condensed cyclic group in which at least one group T4, at least one group T1, and at least one group T3 are condensed together (e.g., bonded together) (e.g., pyrazole group, imidazole group, triazole group, oxazole group, isoxazole group, oxadiazole group, thiazole group, isothiazole group). Groups, thiadiazole group, benzopyrazole group, benzoimidazolium group, benzoxazole group, benzoisoxazole group, benzothiazole group, benzoisothiazole group, pyridine group, pyrimidine group, pyrazine group, pyridazine group, triazine group, quinoline group, isoquinoline group, benzoquinoline group, benzoisoquinoline group, quinoxaline group, benzoquinoxaline group, quinazoline group, benzoquinazoline group, phenanthrene group, cinnamoline group, phthalazine group, naphthidine group, imidazopyridine group, imidazopyrimidine group, imidazotriazine group, imidazopyrazine group, imidazopyridazine group, imidazopyridazine group, azacarbazole group, azafluorene group, azadibenzothiophene group, azadibenzothiophene group or azadibenzofuran group),

[0452] Group T1 can be a cyclopropane group, cyclobutane group, cyclopentane group, cyclohexane group, cycloheptane group, cyclooctane group, cyclobutene group, cyclopentene group, cyclopentadiene group, cyclohexene group, cyclohexadiene group, cycloheptene group, adamantane group, norbornene group (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane group), norbornene group, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane group, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane group, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane group, or phenyl group.

[0453] Group T2may be a furan group, a thiophene group, a 1H-pyrrole group, a silole group, a borol group, a 2H-pyrrole group, a 3H-pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazole group, an azasiloie group, an azaborol group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazine group, or a tetrazine group,

[0454] Group T3may be a furan group, a thiophene group, a 1H-pyrrole group, a silole group, or a borol group, and

[0455] Group T4may be a 2H-pyrrole group, a 3H-pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazole group, an azasiloie group, an azaborol group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazine group, or a tetrazine group.

[0456] As used herein, the terms "cycloalkyl," "C3-C 60 carbocycloalkyl," "C1-C 60 heterocycloalkyl," "π-electron rich C3-C 60 cycloalkyl," or "π-electron poor nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 cycloalkyl" refer to groups that condense with cycloalkyl, monovalent groups, polyvalent groups (e.g., divalent groups, trivalent groups, and / or tetravalent groups, etc.) in accordance with the structure of the formula with which the corresponding term is described. For example, a "phenyl group" can be a benzo group, a phenyl group, and / or a phenylene group, etc., as can be readily understood by one of ordinary skill in the art in light of the structure of the formula with which the "phenyl group" is described.

[0457] For example, examples of monovalent C3-C 60 carbocycloalkyl and monovalent C1-C 60 heterocycloalkyl include C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 aryl, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycycloalkyl, and monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycycloalkyl, and divalent C3-C 60 carbocycloalkyl and divalent C1-C 60 heterocycloalkyl include C3-C 10 cycloalkylene, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkylene, C3-C 10 cycloalkenylene, C1-C 10heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 arylene, C1-C 60 heteroarylene, divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

[0458] The term "C1-C 60 alkyl" as used herein refers to a straight-chain or branched aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon monovalent group having from 1 to 60 carbon atoms, examples of which include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, sec-hexyl, t-hexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, sec-heptyl, t-heptyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, sec-octyl, t-octyl, n-nonyl, isononyl, sec-nonyl, t-nonyl, n-decyl, isodecyl, sec-decyl, and t-decyl. The term "C1-C 60 alkylene" as used herein refers to a divalent group having essentially the same structure as a C1-C 60 alkyl group.

[0459] The term "C2-C 60 alkenyl" as used herein refers to a monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the main chain (e.g., in the middle) or at an end (e.g., terminal) of a C2-C 60 alkyl group. Examples include ethenyl, propenyl, and butenyl. The term "C2-C 60 alkenylene" as used herein refers to a divalent group having essentially the same structure as a C2-C 60 alkenyl group.

[0460] The term "C2-C 60 alkynyl" as used herein refers to a monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in the main chain (e.g., in the middle) or at an end (e.g., terminal) of a C2-C 60 alkyl group. Examples include ethynyl and propynyl. The term "C2-C 60 alkynylene" as used herein refers to a divalent group having essentially the same structure as a C2-C 60 alkynyl group.

[0461] The term "C1-C 60 alkoxy" as used herein refers to a monovalent group represented by -OA 101 (wherein A 101 is a C1-C 60 alkyl group). Examples include methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy.

[0462] The term "C3-C 10"Cycloalkyl" refers to a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon cyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, examples of which are cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornelyl (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl), bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, and bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl. As used herein, the term "C3-C" is also relevant. 10 "Cycloalkylene" refers to C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups have divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0463] As used here, the term "C1-C" 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, comprising at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to a carbon atom. Examples include 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and tetrahydrothiophenyl. The term "C1-C" is used herein. 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups have divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0464] As used here, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkenyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring and lacking aromaticity (e.g., not aromatic), with non-limiting examples including cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl. The term "C3-C" is used herein. 10 "Biopylene" refers to C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl groups are divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0465] As used here, the term "C1-C" 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group whose ring structure contains at least one heteroatom other than a carbon atom as a cyclic atom, one to ten carbon atoms, and at least one double bond. C1-C 10 Examples of heterocyclic alkenyl groups include 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxarizolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuranyl, and 2,3-dihydrothiopheneyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C..." 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl groups are divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0466] As used here, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system comprising 6 to 60 carbon atoms, and as used herein, "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" refers to a divalent group in a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. (C6-C) 60Examples of aryl groups include fluorenyl, phenyl, cyclopentadienyl, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, indoleyl, acenaphthel, phenanthyl, anthracene, fluoranthracene, benzo[9,10]phenanthyl, pyrene, alkyl, peryl, pentylenyl, hepta-alkenyl, tetraphenyl, framylinyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, and ovoxyl. When C6-C 60 Aryl and C6-C 60 When each of the aryl groups comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings may be condensed together (e.g., joined together).

[0467] As used here, the term "C1-C" 60 "Heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system having at least one heteroatom other than a carbon atom as a cyclizing atom and 1 to 60 carbon atoms. The term "C1-C" is used herein. 60 "Hypo-heteroaryl" refers to a divalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system, which has at least one heteroatom other than a carbon atom that serves as a cyclizing atom, and 1 to 60 carbon atoms. C1-C 60 Examples of heteroaryl groups include carbazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, benzo[a]quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzo[a]isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzo[a]quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzo[a]quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthrolinel, phthalazinyl, and naphthidyl. When C1-C 60 heteroaryl and C1-C 60 When each heteroaryl group comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings may condense together (e.g., bind together).

[0468] As used herein, the term "monovalent nonaromatic condensation polycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings condensed together (e.g., bonded together), with only carbon atoms (e.g., having 8 to 60 carbon atoms) as cyclic atoms, and lacking aromaticity (e.g., not aromatic when considered as a whole) throughout its molecular structure. Examples of monovalent nonaromatic condensation polycyclic groups include indenyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, indeno[a]phenanthryl, and indeno[a]anthrayl. As used herein, the term "divalent nonaromatic condensation polycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as a monovalent nonaromatic condensation polycyclic group.

[0469] The term "monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group" as used herein refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings condensed with each other (e.g., bonded together with each other), at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom other than carbon atoms (e.g., having 1 to 60 carbon atoms), and no aromaticity in its entire molecular structure (e.g., not aromatic when considered as a whole). Examples of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group include pyrrolyl, thienyl, furanyl, indolyl, benzoindolyl, naphthoindolyl, isoindolyl, benzoisoindolyl, naphthoisoindolyl, benzothiophenyl, benzothienyl, benzofuranyl, carbazolyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzothiophyl, dibenzofuranyl, azacarbazolyl, azafuorenyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azadibenzothiophyl, azadibenzofuranyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, indenocarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofuranocarbazolyl, benzothienocarbazolyl, benzothianocarbazolyl, benzindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzonaphthothianolyl, benzofuranodibenzofuranyl, benzofuranodibenzothienyl, and benzothienodibenzothienyl. The term "divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group" as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

[0470] The term "C6-C 60 aryloxy" as used herein refers to -OA 102 (wherein A 102 is C6-C 60 aryl), and the term "C6-C 60 arylthio" as used herein refers to -SA 103 (wherein A 103 is C6-C 60 aryl).

[0471] The term "R 10a " as used herein refers to:

[0472] deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, or nitro;

[0473] each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbocyclyl, C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60thio, -Si(Q 11 ) 12 )(Q 13 )(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 11 )(Q 11 )(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof; 60 C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, or C1-C 60 alkoxy;

[0474] none, deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbocyclyl, C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -B(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -C(=O)(Q 21 ), -S(=O)2(Q 21 ), -P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), or any combination thereof; 60 C3-C 60 carbocyclyl, C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, or C6-C 31 arylthio; or

[0475] -Si(Q 32 )(Q 33 )(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 31 )(Q 32 )-C(=O)(Q 31 )(Q), -S(=0)2(Q 31 ) or -P(=0)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ).

[0476] In this specification, Q1to Q3, Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 , and Q 31 to Q 33 may each independently be: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -CI; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 alkyl; C2-C 60 alkenyl; C2-C 60 alkynyl; C1-C 60 alkoxy; or unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 alkyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof. 60 carbon ring group or C1-C 60 heterocyclic ring group.

[0477] The term "heteroatom" as used herein refers to any atom other than a carbon atom (or any atom other than a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom). Examples of heteroatoms include O, S, N, P, Si, B, Ge, Se, and any combination thereof.

[0478] The term "Ph" as used herein refers to phenyl, the term "Me" as used herein refers to methyl, the term "Et" as used herein refers to ethyl, and the term "tert-Bu" or "Bu t " as used herein refers to tert-butyl, and the term "OMe" as used herein refers to methoxy.

[0479] The term "biphenyl" as used herein refers to "phenyl substituted with phenyl." In other words, "biphenyl" is a substituted phenyl group having a C6-C 60 aryl group as a substituent.

[0480] The term "terphenyl" as used herein refers to "phenyl substituted with biphenyl." In other words, "terphenyl" is a substituted phenyl group having a C6-C 60 aryl group as a substituent. 60 aryl group as a substituent.

[0481] Unless otherwise defined, * and *' as used herein each refer to the binding site to the adjacent atom in the corresponding formula.

[0482] Hereinafter, the compound according to the embodiment and the light-emitting device according to the embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to synthesis examples and examples. The expression "A is replaced with B" used in describing the synthesis examples means that the same molar equivalent of B is used in place of the same molar equivalent of A.

[0483] Example

[0484] Synthesis Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 28

[0485]

[0486] Synthesis of Intermediate I-1

[0487] Dissolved 1-bromo-3-chlorobenzene (1 eq), diphenylamine (1 eq), Pd2(dba)3 (0.05 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.1 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) in toluene and stirred at a temperature of 100 °C for 12 hours. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing three times with ethyl acetate and water and by separation was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate and dried again under reduced pressure. Then, the resulting product was separated and purified by column chromatography using MC and n-hexane to obtain Intermediate I-1 (yield: 63%).

[0488] Synthesis of Intermediate I-2

[0489] Dissolved Intermediate I-1 (1 eq), aniline (1 eq), Pd2(dba)3 (0.05 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.1 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) in toluene and stirred at a temperature of 100 °C for 12 hours. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing three times with ethyl acetate and water and by separation was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate and dried again under reduced pressure. Then, the resulting product was separated and purified by column chromatography using MC and n-hexane to obtain Intermediate I-2 (yield: 82%).

[0490] Synthesis of Intermediate I-3

[0491] Dissolved Intermediate I-2 (2 eq), 2,6-dichloropyrazine (1 eq), Pd2(dba)3 (0.1 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.2 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) in o-xylene and stirred at a temperature of 130 °C for 12 hours. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing three times with ethyl acetate and water and by separation was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate and dried again under reduced pressure. Then, the resulting product was separated and purified by column chromatography using MC and n-hexane to obtain Intermediate I-3 (yield: 52%).

[0492] Synthesis of Compound 28

[0493] Intermediate I-3 (1 eq) was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene, cooled to 0°C, and then BI3 (3 eq) was slowly dropped thereinto under a nitrogen atmosphere. After the completion of dropping, the temperature was raised to 150°C, and the resulting solution was stirred for 24 hours. After cooling, triethylamine was slowly dropped into the flask containing the reactant to terminate the reaction. Then, ethanol was added to the reactant to perform precipitation and filtration, thereby obtaining a solid product. The solid product thus obtained was separated and purified by column chromatography using MC and n-hexane, thereby obtaining compound 28 (yield: 6%) by recrystallization using toluene and acetone.

[0494] Synthesis Example 2: Synthesis of compound 39

[0495]

[0496] Synthesis of intermediate I-4

[0497] 1,3-dibromo-5-chlorobenzene (1 eq), diphenylamine (2 eq), Pd2(dba)3 (0.05 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.1 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) were dissolved in toluene, and stirred at a temperature of 100°C for 12 hours. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing three times with ethyl acetate and water and separating was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and dried again under reduced pressure. Then, the resulting product was separated and purified by column chromatography using MC and n-hexane, to obtain intermediate I-4 (yield: 85%).

[0498] Synthesis of intermediate I-5

[0499] Intermediate I-4 (1 eq), aniline (1 eq), Pd2(dba)3 (0.05 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.1 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) were dissolved in toluene, and stirred at a temperature of 100°C for 12 hours. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing three times with ethyl acetate and water and separating was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and dried again under reduced pressure. Then, the resulting product was separated and purified by column chromatography using MC and n-hexane, to obtain intermediate I-5 (yield: 90%).

[0500] Synthesis of intermediate I-6

[0501] Intermediate I-5 (2 eq), 2,6-dichloropyrazine (1 eq), Pd2(dba)3 (0.1 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.2 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) were dissolved in o-xylene and stirred at a temperature of 130°C for 12 hours. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing with ethyl acetate and water three times and separation was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate and dried again under reduced pressure. Then, the resulting product was separated and purified by column chromatography using MC and n-hexane to obtain intermediate I-6 (yield: 71%).

[0502] Synthesis of compound 39

[0503] Intermediate I-6 (1 eq) was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene, cooled to 0°C, and then BI3 (3 eq) was slowly dropped thereinto in a nitrogen atmosphere. After the completion of dropping, the temperature was raised to 150°C, and the resulting solution was stirred for 24 hours. After cooling, triethylamine was slowly dropped into the flask containing the reactant to terminate the reaction. Then, ethanol was added to the reactant to perform precipitation and filtration, thereby obtaining a solid product. The solid product thus obtained was separated and purified by column chromatography using MC and n-hexane, thereby obtaining compound 39 (yield: 10%) by recrystallization using toluene and acetone.

[0504] Table 1 shows the synthesis of compounds 1 H NMR and MS / FAB. By referring to the above synthesis route and raw materials, those skilled in the art can easily recognize compounds other than the compounds shown in Table 1.

[0505] Table 1

[0506]

[0507] Example 1

[0508] As an anode, Corning 15Ω / cm 2 An ITO glass substrate was cut to a size of 50 mm x 50 mm x 0.7 mm, and washed with isopropanol and pure water each for 5 minutes by ultrasonication, and then cleaned by exposure to ultraviolet light and ozone for 30 minutes. The ITO glass substrate was provided to a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0509] On the ITO anode formed on the glass substrate, N,N'-di(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenylbenzidine (NPD) was vacuum-deposited to form a hole injection layer having a thickness of 50 nm, and then, on the hole injection layer, compound HT6 was vacuum-deposited to form a hole transport layer having a thickness of 50 nm.

[0510] ​​CzSi was vacuum-deposited on the hole-transport layer to form an emission auxiliary layer having a thickness of 10 nm.

[0511] DPEPO (host) and compound 28 (dopant) were co-deposited on the emission auxiliary layer at a weight ratio of 90:10 to form an emission layer having a thickness of 30 nm.

[0512] Then, DPEPO was deposited on the emission layer to form an electron-transport layer having a thickness of 20 nm, and TPBi was deposited on the electron-transport layer to form a buffer layer having a thickness of 20 nm. LiF was deposited on the buffer layer to form an electron-injection layer having a thickness of 1 nm, and Al was vacuum-deposited on the electron-injection layer to form a cathode having a thickness of 100 nm.

[0513] Compound HT28 was deposited on the cathode to form a cap layer having a thickness of 10 nm, thereby completing the manufacture of the light-emitting device.

[0514] Example 2 to Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2

[0515] A light-emitting device was manufactured in substantially the same manner as used in Example 1, except that the compounds shown in Table 2 were used in forming the hole-transport layer and the emission layer.

[0516]

[0517] Evaluation of Example 1

[0518] In order to evaluate the characteristics of the light-emitting devices manufactured according to Example 1 to Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, the driving voltage and the luminous efficiency thereof at a current density of 10 mA / cm 2 were measured. Here, the driving voltage of each light-emitting device was measured using a driving voltage source meter (a product of Keithley Instruments, Inc., 2400 series). Table 2 below shows the evaluation results of the characteristics of the light-emitting devices.

[0519] Table 2

[0520]

[0521]

[0522]

[0523] Referring to Table 2, it can be seen that the light-emitting devices of Example 1 to Example 4 have a lower driving voltage and a higher luminous efficiency than the light-emitting devices of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2.​​​​​​​

[0524] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each embodiment should typically be considered as being applicable to other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. While one or more embodiments have been described with reference to the figures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope as defined by the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A light-emitting device, the light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an intermediate layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, and including an emission layer, wherein the intermediate layer further includes a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer, the hole transport region includes a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or a combination thereof, and the emission layer includes at least one condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 Formula 201 Formula 202 wherein, in Formula 1, each of Ring A1 to Ring A4 is independently a phenyl group, X1is O, S, Se or N(R 1a ), X2is O, S, Se, or N(R 2a ), X3is O, S, Se, or N(R 3a ), X4is O, S, Se, or N(R 4a ), each of Y1 and Y2 is independently B, R1to R4and R 1a to R 4a are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C1-C 60 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C2-C 60 alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C2-C 60 alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C1-C 60 alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C3-C 60 carbocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C6-C 60 aryloxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C6-C 60 arylthio, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=0)(Q1), -S(=0)2(Q1), or -P(=0)(Q1)(Q2), each of d1 to d4 is independently an integer in a range from 1 to 20, and From R1 to R4 and R 1a To R 4a Two or more selected groups may optionally be linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted group with at least one R group. 10a C5-C 30 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C2-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, and in Formula 201 and Formula 202, L 201 To L 204 Each is independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, L 205 For *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q) 201 )-*', unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 20 Alkylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 20 alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, each of * and *' represents a bonding site to an adjacent atom, each of xa1 to xa4 is independently an integer in a range from 0 to 5, xa5 is an integer in a range from 1 to 10, R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 are each independently C3-C 10a carbocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 or C1-C 10a heterocyclyl unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 60 , R 201 and R 202 are optionally connected to each other via a single bond, C1-C5-alkylene which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , or C2-C5-alkenylene which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , to form an unsubstituted or substituted C8-C 10a polycyclic group, and 60 R R 203 and R 204 are optionally connected to each other via a single bond, C1-C5-alkylene which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , or C2-C5-alkenylene which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a to form an unsubstituted or substituted C8-C 10a polycyclic group, and 60 R na1 is an integer in a range from 1 to 4, R 10a is: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, or a nitro group; unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbocyclyl, C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -B(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -C(=0)(Q 11 ), -S(=0)2(Q 11 ), -P(=0)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof; and 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 alkoxy; unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbocyclyl, C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -B(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -C(=0)(Q 21 ), -S(=0)2(Q 21 ), -P(=0)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof; and 60 carbocyclyl, C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, or C6-C 60 arylthio; or -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and Q1to Q3, Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 and Q 31 to Q 33 are each independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -CI; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 alkyl; C2-C 60 alkenyl; C2-C 60 alkynyl; C1-C 60 alkoxy; or are each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 alkyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof. C3-C 60 carbocyclyl, or C1-C 60 heterocyclyl.

2. The light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein: the first electrode is an anode, the second electrode is a cathode, the intermediate layer further includes an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode, the hole transport region includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and the electron transport region includes a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

3. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein, X3is N(R 3a ) or O.

4. The light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein: (i) X1 is O, X2 is O, X3 is O, and X4 is O; (ii) X1is O, X2is O, X3is N(R 3a ), and X4is O; (iii) X1is N(R 1a ), X2is O, X3is O, and X4is O; (iv) X1is N(R 1a ), X2is O, X3is N(R 3a ), and X4is O; (v) X1is O, X2is N(R 2a ), X3is N(R 3a ), and X4is O; (vi) X1is O, X2is O, X3is N(R 3a ) and X4is N(R 4a ); (vii) X1is S, X2is O, X3is N(R 3a ), and X4is O; (viii) X1is S, X2is S, X3is N(R 3a ) and X4is N(R 4a ); (ix) X1is N(R 1a ), X2is N(R 2a ), X3is N(R 3a ), and X4is O; (x) X1is N(R 1a ), X2is O, X3is N(R 3a ), and X4is N(R 4a ); (xi) X1is N(R 1a ), X2is S, X3is N(R 3a ), and X4is N(R 4a ); or (xii) X1is N(R 1a ), X2is N(R 2a ), X3is N(R 3a ), and X4is N(R 4a ).

5. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein R1to R4and R 1a to R 4a are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 alkyl and C1-C 20 alkoxy; substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C1-C 10 alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, and pyrimidinyl; and 20 alkyl and C1-C 20 alkoxy; unsubstituted or substituted by at least one selected from the group consisting of deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C1-C 20 alkyl, C1-C 20 alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyryl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzoquinolyl, quinoxalyl, quinazolyl, cinnolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothienyl, azafuorenyl, azadibenzosilolyl, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -P(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ), and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ) are selected from the group consisting of cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrenyl, chrysenyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothienyl, azadibenzosilolyl; and -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), and Q1to Q3and Q 31 to Q 33 are each independently selected from -CH3, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CH2CH3, -CH2CD3, -CH2CD2H, -CH2CDH2, -CHDCH3, -CHDCD2H, -CHDCDH2, -CHDCD3, -CD2CD3, -CD2CD2H, and -CD2CDH2; and None were replaced, or the replacements included deuterium and C1-C. 10 The group consisting of at least one of alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, and triazinyl, including n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, tert-pentyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, and triazinyl.

6. The light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein: at least one selected from R1and R2is -N(Q1)(Q2), substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl, Q1and Q2are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -CI; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; amidino; hydrazino; hydrazono; C1-C 60 alkyl; C2-C 60 alkenyl; C2-C 60 alkynyl; C1-C 60 alkoxy; C3-C 10 cycloalkyl; C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl; C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl; C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl; C6-C 60 aryl; C1-C 60 heteroaryl; monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group; monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group; C1-C 60 alkyl substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of deuterium, -F, and cyano; C6-C 60 aryl substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of deuterium, -F, and cyano; biphenyl; and terphenyl, Q1and Q2adjacent to each other are optionally linked to each other to form a C2-C10 20a heterocyclyl, and 30 heterocyclyl, and R 20a The same as described in connection with R 10a in claim 1.

7. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the emission layer includes at least one condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1-1: Formula 1-1 wherein, in Formula 1-1, each of X1 to X4, Y1, Y2, R1 to R4, and d1 to d4 is the same as described in claim 1.

8. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one condensed ring compound satisfies at least one selected from Condition 1 and Condition 2: Condition 1 X3is N(R 3a ), and R3 and R 3a Connected to form an unsubstituted or substituted R 30a C2-C 30 Heterocyclic group, Condition 2 X4is N(R 4a ), and R4 and R 4a Connected to form an unsubstituted or substituted R 30a C2-C 30 Heterocyclic group, wherein R 30a are the same as described in connection with R 10a are the same as described in connection with R 9. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the emission layer includes at least one condensed ring compound represented by one of Formula 2-1 to Formula 2-3: Formula 2-1 Formula 2-2 Formula 2-3 wherein, in Formula 2-1 to Formula 2-3, Z1is a single bond, O, S, Se, C(R 11a )(R 11b ), Si(R 11a )(R 11b ), N(R 11a ), B, P(=O) or P(=S), Z2is a single bond, O, S, Se, C(R 12a )(R 12b ), Si(R 12a )(R 12b ), N(R 12a ), B, P(=O) or P(=S), d11 is an integer in a range from 0 to 4, d12 is an integer in a range from 0 to 4, and Rings A1to A4, X1to X4, Y1, Y2, R1to R4, and d1to d4are all the same as described in claim 1, R 11a , R 12a , R 11b , and R 12b are all the same as described in connection with R 1a in claim 1, and R 11 and R 12 are all the same as described in connection with R 10a in claim 1.

10. The light-emitting device according to claim 9, wherein each of Z1 and Z2 is a single bond.

11. The light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein: each of R1, R2, R3, and R4 is not hydrogen; R1 is hydrogen, and at least one selected from R2, R3, and R4 is not hydrogen; R2 is hydrogen, and at least one selected from R1, R3, and R4 is not hydrogen; R3 is hydrogen, and at least one selected from R1, R2, and R4 is not hydrogen; R4 is hydrogen, and at least one selected from R1, R2, and R3 is not hydrogen; or each of R1, R2, R3, and R4 is hydrogen.

12. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the emission layer includes at least one condensed ring compound represented by Formula 3-1: Formula 3-1 wherein, in Formula 3-1, ring A3, ring A4, X1 to X4, Y1, Y2, R1 to R4, d3, and d4 are all the same as described in claim 1.

13. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the emission layer includes at least one of Compound 1 to Compound 40 as the at least one condensed ring compound: 。 14. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the hole transport region includes at least one of Compound HT1 to Compound HT44: 。 15. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the emission layer emits light having a maximum emission wavelength in a range of 400 nm to 600 nm.

16. A light-emitting device, the light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an intermediate layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, and including an emission layer, wherein the light-emitting device further includes a second cover layer located outside the second electrode and having a refractive index equal to or greater than 1.6, and the emission layer includes at least one condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, each of ring A1 to ring A4 is independently a phenyl group, X1is O, S, Se, or N(R 1a ), X2is O, S, Se, or N(R 2a ), X3is O, S, Se, or N(R 3a ), X4is O, S, Se, or N(R 4a ), each of Y1 and Y2 is independently B, R1to R4and R 1a to R 4a are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C1-C 60 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C2-C 60 alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C2-C 60 alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C1-C 60 alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C3-C 60 carbocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C6-C 60 aryloxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a of C6-C 60 arylthio, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=0)(Q1), -S(=0)2(Q1), or -P(=0)(Q1)(Q2), each of d1 to d4 is independently an integer in a range of 1 to 20, and From R1 to R4 and R 1a To R 4a Two or more selected groups may optionally be linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted group with at least one R group. 10a C5-C 30 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R. 10a C2-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, and R 10a is: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, or a nitro group; None of them were substituted or were substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, or C3-C. 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 C1-C or any combination thereof 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy; unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbocyclyl, C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -B(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -C(=0)(Q 21 ), -S(=0)2(Q 21 ), -P(=0)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof; or 60 carbocyclyl, C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, or C6-C 60 arylthio; or -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=0)(Q 31 ), -S(=0)2(Q 31 ) or -P(=0)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and Q1to Q3, Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 and Q 31 to Q 33 are each independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -CI; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 alkyl; C2-C 60 alkenyl; C2-C 60 alkynyl; C1-C 60 alkoxy; or are each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 alkyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or C3-C 60 carbocyclyl, or C1-C 60 heterocyclyl.

17. The light-emitting device according to claim 16, wherein an encapsulation portion is located on the second cover layer.

18. The light-emitting device of claim 17, wherein: the encapsulation portion includes: an inorganic film including silicon nitride, silicon oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, or any combination thereof; an organic film including polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylenesulfonate, polyformaldehyde, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, or any combination thereof; or a combination of the inorganic film and the organic film.

19. An electronic device including the light-emitting device of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein: the electronic device further includes a thin film transistor, the thin film transistor includes a source electrode and a drain electrode, and the first electrode of the light-emitting device is electrically bonded to the source electrode or the drain electrode of the thin film transistor.

20. The electronic device of claim 19, wherein, the electronic device further includes a color filter, a color conversion layer, a touch screen layer, a polarizing layer, or any combination thereof.

Images