Energy storage cells, clusters and devices

Abstract

The present invention discloses an energy storage cell, comprising a cell shell, on which a cell tab is disposed; a plurality of stacked battery cells are disposed within the cell shell, with an insulating heat-conducting diaphragm disposed between adjacent cell cells; the surface of the cell shell parallel to the insulating heat-conducting diaphragm is defined as the shell surface, and the surface perpendicular to the insulating heat-conducting diaphragm is defined as the shell side surface, with the cell tab disposed on the shell side surface; when the cell shell has at least two shell side surfaces, at least one shell side surface is not provided with the cell tab, and the end of the insulating heat-conducting diaphragm is affixed to the shell side surface not provided with the cell tab; when the cell shell has only one shell side surface, the shell side surface includes a functional area and a vacant area, with the cell tab disposed in the functional area of ​​the shell side surface, and the end of the insulating heat-conducting diaphragm affixed to the vacant area of ​​the shell side surface. The present invention also discloses an energy storage cluster and an energy storage device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electrochemical energy storage technology, and specifically to an energy storage monomer, cluster and device. Background Art

[0002] Energy storage devices generate a large amount of heat during use. To ensure normal operation, they need to be cooled. In related technologies, most energy storage devices on the market use an air-cooled heat dissipation structure, primarily utilizing a fan combined with an open air duct structure to achieve internal and external air convection exchange to reduce the temperature of components within the cabinet. While this air-cooled heat dissipation structure can achieve a certain degree of cooling, its cooling efficiency is relatively low. This efficiency is particularly low. When the energy storage device is placed in a confined space, the cooling efficiency of the air-cooled heat dissipation structure decreases further, making it impossible to guarantee the safe operation of the energy storage device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage cell, a cluster and a device, which can improve the heat dissipation and temperature reduction effect and enhance the operational safety of the energy storage device.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention first proposes an energy storage cell, comprising a cell shell, wherein the cell shell is provided with a cell tab; a plurality of stacked battery cells are provided in the cell shell, and an insulating heat-conducting diaphragm is provided between two adjacent battery cells;

[0006] The surface of the monomer housing parallel to the insulating and heat-conducting diaphragm is defined as the housing surface, and the surface perpendicular to the insulating and heat-conducting diaphragm is defined as the housing side surface, and the monomer tab is provided on the housing side surface;

[0007] When the monomer shell has at least two shell side surfaces, the monomer tab is not provided on at least one of the shell side surfaces, and the end portion of the insulating and heat-conductive diaphragm is attached to the shell side surface where the monomer tab is not provided; when the monomer shell has only one shell side surface, the shell side surface includes a functional area and a vacant area, the monomer tab is provided in the functional area of ​​the shell side surface, and the end portion of the insulating and heat-conductive diaphragm is attached to the vacant area of ​​the shell side surface.

[0008] Furthermore, the single shell is in a cubic shape and has four shell sides;

[0009] All of the individual tabs are arranged on the same side surface of the shell, and the insulating and heat-conductive diaphragm is attached to at least one of the remaining three sides of the shell where no individual tabs are arranged; or

[0010] The single tabs are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the shell, and the insulating and heat-conductive diaphragm is attached to at least one of the two side surfaces of the shell where the single tabs are not arranged; or

[0011] Among the four side surfaces of the shell, three of the side surfaces of the shell are provided with the single tabs, and the other side surface of the shell is in contact with the insulating and heat-conducting diaphragm.

[0012] Furthermore, a side temperature control structure is provided on the side of the shell or on the vacant area that is in contact with the insulating and heat-conducting diaphragm.

[0013] Furthermore, the side temperature control structure adopts a heat-conducting film or a heat-conducting plate attached to the corresponding side of the shell; or, the side temperature control structure adopts a side temperature control channel arranged on the corresponding side of the shell for the circulation of temperature control medium.

[0014] Furthermore, the battery cell unit includes at least one battery cell, the battery cell includes a first current collector and a second current collector, a first electrode material layer and a second electrode material layer are respectively provided on the facing sides of the first current collector and the second current collector, a separator and an electrolyte are provided between the first electrode material layer and the second electrode material layer; or a solid electrolyte is provided between the first electrode material layer and the second electrode material layer;

[0015] When the battery cell unit includes at least two battery cells, the battery cells are stacked, and the first current collectors or the second current collectors of two adjacent battery cells are superimposed together; or in two adjacent battery cells, the first current collector of one battery cell is superimposed with the second current collector of the other battery cell.

[0016] Furthermore, the battery cell unit includes at least three current collectors; a third electrode material layer and a fourth electrode material layer are provided on both sides of the current collector; or a third electrode material layer or a fourth electrode material layer is provided on both sides of the current collector; and:

[0017] The third electrode material layer and the fourth electrode material layer are respectively provided on the facing sides of two adjacent current collectors, and a separator and an electrolyte are provided between the third electrode material layer and the fourth electrode material layer, or a solid electrolyte is provided between the third electrode material layer and the fourth electrode material layer.

[0018] Furthermore, among the two shell surfaces, at least one of the shell surfaces is provided with a surface temperature control structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the surface temperature control structure adopts a surface temperature control channel provided on the surface of the shell for the circulation of the temperature control medium.

[0020] Furthermore, an exhaust valve is provided on the single body shell.

[0021] Furthermore, the exhaust valve is connected to a negative pressure exhaust pipe.

[0022] Furthermore, the single body shell is provided with an anti-thermal runaway medium injection pipe for introducing the anti-thermal runaway medium, and the anti-thermal runaway medium injection pipe is provided with an anti-thermal runaway medium injection valve.

[0023] Furthermore, the single body shell is provided with reinforcing ribs for enhancing structural strength.

[0024] The present invention further provides an energy storage cluster, comprising a cluster bracket, on which a plurality of energy storage units as described above are mounted.

[0025] Furthermore, at least one of the two shell surfaces is provided with a surface temperature control structure, and the surface temperature control structure adopts a surface temperature control channel arranged on the shell surface for the circulation of the temperature control medium, and a first medium inlet and a first medium outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the surface temperature control channel; the cluster bracket is provided with a first medium injection pipe for introducing the temperature control medium and a first medium return pipe for discharging the temperature control medium, the first medium inlet is connected to the first medium injection pipe, and the first medium outlet is connected to the first medium return pipe.

[0026] Furthermore, a first medium flow control valve for controlling the medium flow is provided at the first medium inlet.

[0027] Furthermore, the first medium injection pipe and the first medium return pipe are fixedly mounted on the cluster bracket; or the cluster bracket includes a column, and the first medium injection pipe and the first medium return pipe are arranged in the column.

[0028] Furthermore, energy storage monomer groups are provided at intervals on the cluster bracket, and the energy storage monomer groups include at least one energy storage monomer, and temperature control monomers are provided between adjacent energy storage monomer groups.

[0029] Furthermore, the energy storage cell group includes one or two energy storage cells, and the shell surface of the energy storage cell is in contact with the adjacent temperature control cell.

[0030] Furthermore, a single temperature control channel for the circulation of temperature control medium is provided in the temperature control single unit, and a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the single temperature control channel; a second medium injection pipe for introducing temperature control medium and a second medium return pipe for discharging temperature control medium are provided on the cluster bracket, the second medium inlet is connected to the second medium injection pipe, and the second medium outlet is connected to the second medium return pipe.

[0031] Furthermore, a second medium flow control valve for controlling the medium flow is provided at the second medium inlet.

[0032] Furthermore, a temperature control plate is provided on the cluster bracket.

[0033] Furthermore, the temperature control plate is provided with a plate temperature control channel for circulating the temperature control medium.

[0034] Furthermore, a sealed shell is provided on the cluster support, and the sealed shell is filled with nitrogen or an inert gas.

[0035] The present invention further provides an energy storage device, comprising a box body, in which a plurality of energy storage clusters as described above are installed.

[0036] Furthermore, the energy storage clusters are spaced apart in the box, a temperature control device is provided between two adjacent energy storage clusters, and the energy storage clusters are in contact with and cooperate with the adjacent temperature control devices.

[0037] Furthermore, the temperature control device is provided with a device temperature control channel for the circulation of the temperature control medium.

[0038] Furthermore, a box temperature control device is provided on the side wall and / or bottom surface of the box.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0040] The energy storage monomer of the present invention is achieved by arranging battery cell units in the monomer shell and arranging an insulating heat-conductive diaphragm between the battery cell units, and laminating the insulating heat-conductive diaphragm to the side of the shell. In this way, the insulating heat-conductive diaphragm can achieve the technical purpose of direct heat conduction between the battery cell units and the side of the shell, thereby controlling the temperature inside the stacked battery cell units, making the battery cell units operate within a set temperature range, and improving the operating safety of the energy storage monomer.

[0041] By providing a side temperature control structure on the side of the shell that is in contact with the insulating thermally conductive diaphragm, the heat conduction efficiency between the shell and the battery cell unit is further improved through the insulating thermally conductive diaphragm, thereby improving the temperature control efficiency inside the battery cell unit.

[0042] By setting up a surface temperature control structure, the temperature control efficiency of the energy storage cell can be further improved; by setting up an exhaust valve, when the air pressure in the energy storage cell exceeds the set threshold range, it can be discharged through the exhaust valve to avoid excessive air pressure in the cell shell; by setting up an anti-thermal runaway medium injection pipe and an anti-thermal runaway medium injection valve, when extreme situations such as short circuit occur in the energy storage cell, the anti-thermal runaway medium injection valve can be opened to inject the anti-thermal runaway medium into the energy storage cell, and the electrolyte can be frozen to suppress the electrochemical reaction inside the energy storage cell, thereby improving safety performance.

[0043] By arranging a sealed shell on the cluster bracket and filling the sealed shell with nitrogen or inert gas, it is possible to prevent explosion and improve safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration:

[0045] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage cluster;

[0047] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the energy storage monomer;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a battery cell unit;

[0049] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Detail A of

[0050] Figure 6 This is a piping diagram when a surface temperature control structure is provided on the monomer housing;

[0051] Figure 7 This is the piping diagram when a temperature control unit is installed;

[0052] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure when the first type of battery cell unit is a series structure;

[0053] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure when the first type of battery cell units are in parallel structure;

[0054] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of battery cell unit in series;

[0055] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of parallel connection structure of battery cells;

[0056] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram when a single shell is provided with reinforcing ribs;

[0057] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Detail B of .

[0058] Description of reference numerals:

[0059] 10- box body; 11- temperature control device;

[0060] 20 - energy storage cluster; 21 - cluster bracket; 22 - first medium injection pipe; 23 - first medium return pipe; 24 - first medium flow control valve; 25 - temperature control unit; 26 - second medium inlet; 26a - second medium flow control valve; 27 - second medium outlet; 28 - second medium injection pipe; 29 - second medium return pipe;

[0061] 30 - Energy storage unit; 31 - Unit housing; 32 - Unit tab; 33 - Cell unit; 34 - Insulating thermal diaphragm; 35 - Housing surface; 36 - Housing side; 37 - Heat conducting plate; 38 - Surface temperature control channel; 38a - First medium inlet; 38b - First medium outlet; 39 - Exhaust valve; 40 - Negative pressure exhaust pipe; 41 - Anti-thermal runaway medium injection pipe; 42 - Anti-thermal runaway medium injection valve;

[0062] 51 - first current collector; 52 - second current collector; 53 - first electrode material layer; 54 - second electrode material layer; 55 - separator; 56 - current collector; 57 - third electrode material layer; 58 - fourth electrode material layer; 59 - separator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0064] like Figure 1 The energy storage device of this embodiment includes a box 10, in which a plurality of energy storage clusters 20 are installed. Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage cluster 20 of this embodiment includes a cluster bracket 21, and a plurality of energy storage units 30 are mounted on the cluster bracket 21. Specifically, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the energy storage monomer 30 of this embodiment includes a monomer shell 31, and a monomer tab 32 is provided on the monomer shell 31. A plurality of battery cell units 33 stacked together are provided in the monomer shell 31, and an insulating heat-conductive diaphragm 34 is provided between two adjacent battery cell units 33. Specifically, the surface of the monomer shell 31 parallel to the insulating heat-conductive diaphragm 34 is the shell surface 35, and the surface perpendicular to the insulating heat-conductive diaphragm 34 is the shell side surface 36, and the monomer tab 32 is provided on the shell side surface 36. When the monomer shell 31 has at least two shell side surfaces 36, the monomer tab 32 is not provided on at least one shell side surface 36, and the end of the insulating heat-conductive diaphragm 34 is attached to the shell side surface 36 where the monomer tab 32 is not provided. Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown; when the monomer shell 31 has only one shell side 36, such as when the monomer shell 31 is cylindrical, the shell side 36 includes a functional area and a vacant area, the monomer tab 32 is arranged in the functional area of ​​the shell side 36, and the end of the insulating and thermally conductive diaphragm 34 is attached to the vacant area of ​​the shell side 36.

[0065] Specifically, the cell housing 31 of this embodiment is cuboid, having four side surfaces 36 and two surface surfaces 35. If all of the cell tabs 32 are located on the same side surface 36, the insulating and thermally conductive membrane 34 is bonded to at least one of the three side surfaces 36 without tabs 32. If the cell tabs 32 are located on two side surfaces 36, the insulating and thermally conductive membrane 34 is bonded to at least one of the two side surfaces 36 without tabs 32. If three of the four side surfaces 36 have tabs 32, the insulating and thermally conductive membrane 34 is bonded to the remaining side surface 36.

[0066] The energy storage monomer of this embodiment is configured by arranging battery cell units 33 in the monomer shell 31 and arranging an insulating heat-conductive diaphragm 34 between the battery cell units 33, and fitting the insulating heat-conductive diaphragm 34 to the side surface 36 of the shell. In this way, the heat generated in the battery cell units 33 can be conducted to the side surface 36 of the shell through the insulating heat-conductive diaphragm 34, thereby achieving cooling inside the stacked battery cell units 33 and improving the operating safety of the energy storage monomer 30.

[0067] Furthermore, a side temperature control structure is provided on the side surface 36 of the shell body in contact with the insulating heat-conducting diaphragm 34 or on the vacant area, such as Figure 5 As shown. The side temperature control structure utilizes a heat-conducting film or plate attached to the corresponding side of the housing; alternatively, the side temperature control structure utilizes a side temperature control channel provided on the corresponding side of the housing for the circulation of the temperature control medium. In this embodiment, the side temperature control structure utilizes a heat-conducting plate 37 attached to the corresponding side of the housing. The heat-conducting plate 37 can quickly transfer heat, thereby increasing the efficiency of heat transfer from the insulating heat-conducting diaphragm 34 to the monomer housing 31.

[0068] Furthermore, at least one of the two shell surfaces 35 is provided with a surface temperature control structure. Figure 3As shown, the surface temperature control structure of this embodiment utilizes a surface temperature control channel 38 disposed on the shell surface 35 for the circulation of the temperature control medium. The surface temperature control channel 38 can be disposed on the shell surface 35 in a variety of ways, such as by directly welding the tubular surface temperature control channel 38 to the shell surface 35, or by disposing the surface temperature control channel 38 within a temperature control plate that is affixed to the shell surface 35, or by providing a groove on the shell surface 35 and sealing the shell surface with a cover plate, forming the surface temperature control channel 38 between the cover plate and the groove. Specifically, in this embodiment, the surface temperature control channel 38 is disposed on only one of the shell surfaces 35. Of course, in some embodiments, to improve the temperature control and cooling effect, the surface temperature control channel 38 can also be disposed on both shell surfaces 35 of the single shell 31. Specifically, a first medium inlet 38a and a first medium outlet 38b are provided at each end of the surface temperature control channel 38. A first medium injection pipe 22 for introducing the temperature control medium and a first medium return pipe 23 for discharging the temperature control medium are provided on the cluster support 21. The first medium inlet 38a is connected to the first medium injection pipe 22, and the first medium outlet 38b is connected to the first medium return pipe 23. Specifically, a first medium flow control valve 24 is provided at the first medium inlet 38a for controlling the flow of the medium. Since the energy storage cluster contains multiple energy storage cells 30, and each energy storage cell 30 is provided with a surface temperature control channel 38, it is difficult to ensure that the flow rate of the temperature control medium in the surface temperature control channel 38 of each energy storage cell 30 is equal or within a certain error fluctuation range, and thus it is difficult to ensure that each energy storage cell 30 can obtain an effective temperature control effect. By providing a first medium flow control valve 24, the opening of the first medium inlet 38a can be adjusted in real time, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the temperature control medium in the surface temperature control channel 38 of each energy storage cell 30, to ensure that during normal operation, the flow rate of the temperature control medium in the surface temperature control channel 38 of each energy storage cell 30 is within a set threshold range. Furthermore, the first medium injection pipe 22 and the first medium return pipe 23 are fixedly mounted on the cluster bracket 21; or the cluster bracket 21 includes a column, and the first medium injection pipe 22 and the first medium return pipe 23 are arranged in the column.

[0069] Of course, in some embodiments, a temperature control unit 25 may be provided between the energy storage units 30. Specifically, Figure 7As shown, cluster support 21 is provided with energy storage cell groups spaced apart. Each energy storage cell group includes at least one energy storage cell, and temperature control cells 25 are provided between adjacent energy storage cell groups. Specifically, to ensure that each energy storage cell can contact and cooperate with at least one temperature control cell 25, the energy storage cell group includes one or two energy storage cells, with the shell surfaces of the energy storage cells contacting and cooperating with adjacent temperature control cells. Each temperature control cell is provided with a cell temperature control channel for the circulation of a temperature control medium. A second medium inlet 26 and a second medium outlet 27 are provided at each end of the cell temperature control channel. Cluster support 31 is provided with a second medium injection conduit 28 for the introduction of the temperature control medium and a second medium return conduit 29 for the discharge of the temperature control medium. The second medium inlet 26 is connected to the second medium injection conduit 28, and the second medium outlet 27 is connected to the second medium return conduit 29. Of course, a second medium flow control valve 26a for controlling the flow of the medium can also be provided at the second medium inlet 26 to achieve the technical purpose of controlling the flow of the temperature control medium within each temperature control cell 25. This valve functions similarly to the first medium flow control valve 24 and will not be further described.

[0070] Of course, in order to improve the temperature control efficiency, in some embodiments, a temperature control plate (not shown) may be further provided on the cluster bracket 31. A plate temperature control channel for circulating the temperature control medium may also be provided on the temperature control plate, which will not be described in detail.

[0071] In addition, in some embodiments, a sealed shell (not shown in the figure) may be provided on the cluster bracket 31. The sealed shell is filled with nitrogen or an inert gas to prevent explosion and improve safety.

[0072] Furthermore, the cell housing 31 is provided with an exhaust valve 39. When the air pressure within the cell housing 31 exceeds a set threshold, the gas is discharged through the exhaust valve 39 to prevent explosion. Preferably, a negative pressure exhaust pipe 40 can be connected to the exhaust valve 39 to more quickly discharge the gas within the cell housing 31 through the action of negative pressure.

[0073] Furthermore, the cell housing 31 is provided with an anti-thermal runaway medium injection pipe 41 for introducing the anti-thermal runaway medium, and the anti-thermal runaway medium injection pipe 41 is provided with an anti-thermal runaway medium injection valve 42. By providing the anti-thermal runaway medium injection pipe 41 and the anti-thermal runaway medium injection valve 42, when an extreme situation such as a short circuit occurs in the energy storage cell 30, the anti-thermal runaway medium injection valve 42 can be opened to inject the anti-thermal runaway medium into the energy storage cell 30, freezing the electrolyte to suppress the electrochemical reaction inside the energy storage cell and improve safety performance. The anti-thermal runaway medium uses a fluorinated liquid, an inert gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or R134a. The anti-thermal runaway medium of this embodiment uses a fluorinated liquid. Specifically, Chemours FM-200 or SF-10 fluorinated liquid can be selected. Fluoride liquid will not react chemically with the electrolyte and electrode active materials. The temperature of the energy storage cell can be quickly controlled by the fluoride liquid. At the same time, the gas generated after thermal runaway of the energy storage cell can be discharged while carrying part of the electrolyte, delaying the process of thermal runaway of the energy storage cell, and even eliminating the thermal runaway reaction of the energy storage cell, greatly improving the operational safety performance.

[0074] Further, if Figure 12 As shown, in some embodiments, reinforcing ribs 43 for enhancing structural strength may be further provided on the monomer housing 31. The reinforcing ribs may be provided on the monomer housing 31 in various existing ways, such as by directly welding the reinforcing ribs 43 to the monomer housing 31 or by pressing grooves on the monomer housing 31 for enhancing structural strength, etc., which will not be further described.

[0075] Furthermore, the battery cell can be used in a variety of ways:

[0076] The first way: the battery cell unit includes at least one battery cell, and the battery cell includes a first current collector 51 and a second current collector 52. The first electrode material layer 53 and the second electrode material layer 54 are respectively provided on the facing sides of the first current collector 51 and the second current collector 52, and a diaphragm 55 and an electrolyte (not shown in the figure) are provided between the first electrode material layer 53 and the second electrode material layer 54; or a solid electrolyte is provided between the first electrode material layer 53 and the second electrode material layer 54. That is, the battery cell can be liquid or solid. In this embodiment, a diaphragm 55 and an electrolyte are provided between the first electrode material layer 53 and the second electrode material layer 54. Specifically, when the battery cell unit 33 includes at least two battery cells, the battery cells are stacked, and the first current collectors 51 or the second current collectors 52 of the two adjacent battery cells are superimposed together. At this time, the two adjacent battery cells are connected in parallel, such as Figure 9 As shown; or in two adjacent cells, the first current collector 51 of one cell is stacked with the second current collector 52 of the other cell, and the two cells are connected in series, as shown Figure 8 shown.

[0077] The second method: the battery cell unit includes at least three current collectors 56; a third electrode material layer 57 and a fourth electrode material layer 58 are provided on both sides of the current collector 56, and the battery cell unit is a series structure, such as Figure 10 or both sides of the current collector 56 are provided with a third electrode material layer 57 or a fourth electrode material layer 58, at this time the battery cell unit is a parallel structure, such as Figure 11 As shown. A third electrode material layer 57 and a fourth electrode material layer 58 are respectively provided on the facing sides of two adjacent current collectors 56. A separator 59 and an electrolyte (not shown) are provided between the third electrode material layer 57 and the fourth electrode material layer 58, or a solid electrolyte is provided between the third electrode material layer 57 and the fourth electrode material layer 58. In this embodiment, a separator 59 and an electrolyte are provided between the third electrode material layer 57 and the fourth electrode material layer 58.

[0078] In addition, the cell unit can be a battery cell unit or a capacitor cell unit, which will not be described again.

[0079] Furthermore, energy storage clusters 20 are spaced apart within the housing 10, with temperature control devices 11 positioned between adjacent energy storage clusters 20. The energy storage clusters 20 engage and cooperate with adjacent temperature control devices 11. Specifically, temperature control channels are provided within the temperature control devices 11 for circulating a temperature control medium. Specifically, in some embodiments, to enhance the temperature control and cooling effect, the housing temperature control devices may be positioned on the side walls or bottom of the housing 10, or on both the side walls and bottom of the housing 10.

[0080] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for the purpose of fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage monomer, characterized in that: It comprises a single body shell, on which a single body tab is provided; a plurality of stacked battery cells are provided in the single body shell, and an insulating heat-conducting diaphragm is provided between two adjacent battery cells; The surface of the monomer housing parallel to the insulating and heat-conducting diaphragm is defined as the housing surface, and the surface perpendicular to the insulating and heat-conducting diaphragm is defined as the housing side surface, and the monomer tab is provided on the housing side surface; When the monomer housing has at least two shell side surfaces, at least one of the shell side surfaces is not provided with the monomer tab, and the end of the insulating and heat-conductive diaphragm is attached to the shell side surface not provided with the monomer tab; when the monomer housing has only one shell side surface, the shell side surface includes a functional area and a vacant area, the monomer tab is provided in the functional area of ​​the shell side surface, and the end of the insulating and heat-conductive diaphragm is attached to the vacant area of ​​the shell side surface; A side temperature control structure is provided on the side of the shell attached to the insulating heat-conducting diaphragm or on the vacant area; the side temperature control structure adopts a heat-conducting film or a heat-conducting plate attached to the corresponding side of the shell; or the side temperature control structure adopts a side temperature control channel provided on the corresponding side of the shell for the circulation of the temperature control medium; A surface temperature control channel for circulating a temperature control medium is provided on the surface of the shell; The monomer shell is provided with an exhaust valve; the exhaust valve is connected to a negative pressure exhaust pipe; the monomer shell is provided with an anti-thermal runaway medium injection pipe for introducing the anti-thermal runaway medium, and the anti-thermal runaway medium injection pipe is provided with an anti-thermal runaway medium injection valve; when a short circuit occurs in the energy storage monomer, the anti-thermal runaway medium injection valve is opened to inject the anti-thermal runaway medium into the energy storage monomer, so as to suppress the electrochemical reaction inside the energy storage monomer.

2. The energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single shell is in a cubic shape and has four shell sides; All of the individual tabs are arranged on the same side surface of the shell, and the insulating and heat-conductive diaphragm is in contact with at least one of the remaining three side surfaces of the shell where no individual tabs are arranged; or, The single tabs are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the shell, and the insulating and heat-conductive diaphragm is attached to at least one of the two side surfaces of the shell where the single tabs are not arranged; or, Among the four side surfaces of the shell, three of the side surfaces of the shell are provided with the single tabs, and the other side surface of the shell is in contact with the insulating and heat-conducting diaphragm.

3. The energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cell unit includes at least one battery cell, the battery cell includes a first current collector and a second current collector, a first electrode material layer and a second electrode material layer are respectively provided on the facing sides of the first current collector and the second current collector, a separator and an electrolyte are provided between the first electrode material layer and the second electrode material layer; or a solid electrolyte is provided between the first electrode material layer and the second electrode material layer; When the battery cell unit includes at least two battery cells, the battery cells are stacked, and the first current collectors or the second current collectors of two adjacent battery cells are superimposed together; or in two adjacent battery cells, the first current collector of one battery cell is superimposed with the second current collector of the other battery cell.

4. The energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cell unit includes at least three current collectors; a third electrode material layer and a fourth electrode material layer are respectively provided on both sides of the current collector; or a third electrode material layer or a fourth electrode material layer is provided on both sides of the current collector; and: The third electrode material layer and the fourth electrode material layer are respectively provided on the facing sides of two adjacent current collectors, and a separator and an electrolyte are provided between the third electrode material layer and the fourth electrode material layer, or a solid electrolyte is provided between the third electrode material layer and the fourth electrode material layer.

5. The energy storage unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The single shell is provided with reinforcing ribs for enhancing the structural strength.

6. An energy storage cluster, characterized in that: It comprises a cluster bracket, on which a plurality of energy storage cells according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are mounted.

7. The energy storage cluster according to claim 6, characterized in that: Among the two shell surfaces, at least one shell surface is provided with a surface temperature control structure, and the surface temperature control structure adopts a surface temperature control channel arranged on the shell surface for the circulation of temperature control medium, and a first medium inlet and a first medium outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the surface temperature control channel; the cluster bracket is provided with a first medium injection pipe for introducing temperature control medium and a first medium return pipe for discharging temperature control medium, the first medium inlet is connected to the first medium injection pipe, and the first medium outlet is connected to the first medium return pipe.

8. The energy storage cluster according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first medium flow control valve for controlling the flow of the medium is provided at the first medium inlet.

9. The energy storage cluster according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first medium injection pipe and the first medium return pipe are fixedly mounted on the cluster bracket; or the cluster bracket includes a column, and the first medium injection pipe and the first medium return pipe are arranged in the column.

10. The energy storage cluster according to claim 6, characterized in that: Energy storage monomer groups are arranged at intervals on the cluster bracket, and the energy storage monomer groups include at least one energy storage monomer. Temperature control monomers are arranged between adjacent energy storage monomer groups.

11. The energy storage cluster according to claim 10, characterized in that: The energy storage cell group includes one or two energy storage cells, and the shell surface of the energy storage cell is in contact with the adjacent temperature control cell.

12. The energy storage cluster according to claim 10, characterized in that: A single temperature control channel for circulating a temperature control medium is provided in the temperature control single unit, and a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the single temperature control channel; a second medium injection pipe for introducing the temperature control medium and a second medium return pipe for discharging the temperature control medium are provided on the cluster bracket, the second medium inlet is connected to the second medium injection pipe, and the second medium outlet is connected to the second medium return pipe.

13. The energy storage cluster according to claim 12, characterized in that: A second medium flow control valve for controlling the flow of the medium is provided at the second medium inlet.

14. The energy storage cluster according to claim 6, characterized in that: A temperature control plate is also provided on the cluster bracket.

15. The energy storage cluster according to claim 14, characterized in that: The temperature control plate is provided with a plate temperature control channel for circulating a temperature control medium.

16. The energy storage cluster according to any one of claims 6 to 15, characterized in that: The cluster support is provided with a sealed shell, and the sealed shell is filled with nitrogen or inert gas.

17. An energy storage device, characterized in that: It comprises a box body, in which several energy storage clusters according to any one of claims 6 to 16 are installed.

18. The energy storage device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The energy storage clusters are arranged at intervals in the box, a temperature control device is provided between two adjacent energy storage clusters, and the energy storage clusters are in contact with and cooperate with the adjacent temperature control devices.

19. The energy storage device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The temperature control device is provided with a device temperature control channel for the circulation of the temperature control medium.

20. The energy storage device according to claim 17, characterized in that: A box temperature control device is provided on the side wall and / or bottom surface of the box.

Images