A forging production process for large diameter double-edge wheels of cranes

Abstract

The invention discloses a forging production process for a large-diameter double-edge wheel for a crane, and the process comprises at least the following steps: (1) cutting: cutting a round steel blank of a corresponding length according to the forging requirements of the double-edge wheel; (2) heating: placing the round steel blank obtained in step (1) in a heating furnace for heating to ensure that the round steel blank is heated evenly; (3) pre-forging: placing the high-temperature round steel blank obtained in step (2) on a screw press for pre-forging into a round pancake-shaped blank; (4) forging process: placing the blank obtained in step (3) in a single-edge die for forging and punching to obtain a single-edge blank of the wheel; (5) forming process: placing the single-edge blank obtained in step (4) in a double-edge die for forging to obtain a double-edge blank of the wheel. The invention can forge a double-edge wheel structure from the blank, preliminarily process the shape of the wheel groove, reserve a thinner processing amount for the forged double-edge wheel, reduce the waste of steel, save electricity, and reduce the labor intensity of workers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crane wheel forging, in particular to a forging production process for a large-diameter double-edge wheel of a crane. Background Art

[0002] The wheel groove of the large-diameter double-edge wheel of a crane is an important stress-bearing part, with strict dimensional accuracy requirements and a complex forging process. Most existing forging methods use forged cylindrical blanks, which are then machined to cut and grind off the steel in the wheel groove; others forge single-edge wheels, and then machine cut and grind out double edges. Both of these processing methods will cause waste of resources such as steel and electricity to a certain extent, and increase machine tool wear, workers' working hours and labor intensity. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a forging production process for a large-diameter double-edge wheel for a crane. The forging production process can forge a double-edge wheel structure from a blank and preliminarily process the shape of the wheel groove. The forged double-edge wheel only needs to reserve a relatively thin processing amount, which significantly reduces the waste of steel, saves electricity, and reduces the labor intensity of workers.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a forging production process for a large-diameter double-edge wheel of a crane, the process at least comprising the following steps:

[0005] (1) Cutting: Cut the round steel billet of corresponding length according to the forging requirements of the double-edge wheel;

[0006] (2) Heating: placing the round steel billet obtained in step (1) into a heating furnace for heating to ensure that the round steel billet is heated evenly;

[0007] (3) Pre-forging: The high-temperature round steel billet obtained in step (2) is placed on a screw press and pre-forged into a round pancake-shaped billet;

[0008] (4) Forging process: placing the blank obtained in step (3) into a single-edge die for forging and punching to obtain a single-edge blank of the wheel;

[0009] (5) Forming process: The single-edge blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a double-edge die for forging to obtain a double-edge blank of the wheel.

[0010] Optionally, in step (4), there are two sets of single-edge dies, and the blank is first placed in the first set of single-edge dies for forging and punching, and then placed in the second set of single-edge dies for forging and expanding, and finally a single-edge blank of the wheel is obtained.

[0011] Optionally, in step (5), the middle mold of the double-edge mold includes a middle template, which is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a stopper matching the shape of the wheel groove is arranged on the inner wall of the middle template; the middle template is spliced ​​by a plurality of arc-shaped sub-templates, and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder is arranged horizontally on the outer side of each sub-template.

[0012] Optionally, a splicing block and a splicing groove are provided at the splicing position of each sub-template, and the splicing block on each sub-template matches the splicing groove on the adjacent sub-template.

[0013] Optionally, a cooling channel is provided inside each sub-mold, and two ends of the cooling channel are respectively a water inlet and a water outlet for cooling water.

[0014] The crane large-diameter double-edge wheel forging production process of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] (1) The forging production process of the present application can initially forge a double-edge wheel with a wheel groove. The forged double-edge wheel only reserves a relatively thin processing amount for subsequent machining, which significantly reduces the waste of steel and electric energy, improves production efficiency, reduces the wear of machine tools, and reduces the labor intensity of workers.

[0016] (2) After the blank is forged twice in step (4), the single edge of the wheel has a higher degree of forming and is easier to adapt to the double edge die in step (5).

[0017] (3) The splicing blocks and splicing grooves on the split templates can make the splicing of the split templates more accurate and faster, ensure the integrity of the middle template, and make the single-edge blank more stable during the forging process into a double-edge blank. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the sub-template.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the upper die, middle die, and lower die when placing the single-edge blank in step (5).

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the upper die, the middle die and the lower die during forging in step (5). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a large diameter double edge wheel forging production process for a crane, the process at least includes the following steps:

[0023] (1) Cutting: The diameter of the forged double-edge wheel is proportional to the required amount of steel. According to the forging requirements of the double-edge wheel, the round steel billet of corresponding length is cut on the round steel cutting saw, and the round steel billet is transported to the entrance of the heating furnace through the conveyor;

[0024] (2) Heating: The round steel billet obtained in step (1) is placed in a heating furnace for heating. The heating temperature in the heating furnace is set between 1200° C. and 1300° C. The heating furnace heats the round steel billet to 1150° C. and 1200° C. During the heating process, care should be taken to ensure that the round steel billet is heated evenly to avoid under-temperature, overheating, and overburning. After the heating is completed, the high-temperature round steel billet is transported to the screw press through a conveying device.

[0025] (3) Pre-forging: The high-temperature round steel blank obtained in step (2) is placed on the workbench of a screw press, and then the high-temperature round steel blank is forged into a round pancake-shaped blank using the screw press. During forging, the oxide scale adhered to the surface of the blank will fall off, thereby preventing the oxide scale from accumulating in the cavity of the mold during the subsequent forging process, thereby reducing the occurrence of surface defects of the blank;

[0026] (4) Forging process: the blank obtained in step (3) is placed in a single-edge die, and then forged and punched by a punching machine, so as to obtain a single-edge blank of a wheel; wherein two sets of single-edge dies are provided, and the blank is first placed in the first set of single-edge dies, and forged and punched by a punching machine, and the blank is initially formed and punched, and then the blank is placed in the second set of single-edge dies, and forged and expanded by a punching machine, so as to obtain a single-edge blank of a wheel with a high degree of forming. The high degree of forming of the single edge is conducive to the forming of the product blank in the next step;

[0027] (5) Forming process: the single-edge blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a double-edge mold, the double-edge mold comprising an upper mold 2, a middle mold 3 and a lower mold 1. The single edge of the single-edge blank is placed on the lower mold 1, and then the middle mold 3 is closed. The upper mold 2 is driven by a punching machine to forge the single-edge mold, and finally a double-edge blank of the wheel is obtained. The double-edge blank only reserves a relatively thin processing amount for subsequent machining, which significantly reduces the waste of steel and electric energy, improves production efficiency, reduces the wear of machine tools, and reduces the labor intensity of workers.

[0028] The upper die 2 of the double-edge die is arranged at the top of the middle die 3 and driven by the punching machine. The lower die 1 of the double-edge die is arranged at the bottom of the middle die 3 and forms the cavity of the double-edge die together with the middle die 3. The middle die 3 of the double-edge die includes a middle die 3 plate, which is a hollow cylindrical structure. The bottom of the middle die 3 plate is provided with a limiting groove 5. The inner wall of the middle die 3 plate is provided with a stopper 6 matching the shape of the wheel groove. The upper and lower edges of the stopper 6 are both rounded for easy demoulding. The stopper 6 is spaced apart from the top and bottom of the middle die 3 plate. The interval between the stopper 6 and the bottom of the middle die 3 plate and the interval between the stopper 6 and the top of the middle die 3 plate are the two edges of the double-edge wheel. The middle mold 3 is made up of several arc-shaped sub-molds 9, and each sub-mold 9 is provided with a splicing block 10 and a splicing groove 11 at the splicing position. The splicing block 10 on each sub-mold 9 matches the splicing groove 11 on its adjacent sub-mold 9. The splicing block 10 and the splicing groove 11 can make the splicing of the sub-molds 9 more accurate and faster, thereby ensuring the integrity of the middle mold 3. A horizontal hydraulic cylinder 7 is horizontally arranged on the outer side of each sub-plate 9, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 7 is arranged in the middle position of the outer side of the sub-plate 9. The axes of all the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 7 intersect on the axis of the middle die 3 plate. During forging, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 7 pushes the sub-plate 9 inward, so that the limiting groove 5 at the bottom of the sub-plate 9 cooperates with the limiting protrusion 4 on the top of the lower die 1 plate, and the sub-plates 9 are spliced ​​into a complete middle die 3 plate; during demolding, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 7 pulls the sub-plate 9 outward to open the sub-plate 9, and the double-edge blank is easily taken out of the cavity. The mold does not need to reserve a draft angle, and the workpiece is very symmetrical after forging, which will not cause uneven processing volume in subsequent machining. Each sub-die plate 9 is provided with a cooling channel 8 inside, and the two ends of the cooling channel 8 are respectively the water inlet and the water outlet of the cooling water. The cooling channel 8 is an inverted U-shaped structure, and the horizontal section of the cooling channel 8 is located at the middle height of the sub-die plate 9. During forging, the cooling water continuously flows through the cooling channel 8, absorbs and takes out the heat of the middle die plate 3, reduces the risk of deformation and burning of the inner surface of the middle die plate 3, prolongs the service life of the middle die 3, and can also ensure the accuracy of the size and shape of the forging, and improve the quality of the forging; and the blank after cooling is not easy to adhere to the inner surface of the middle die plate 3, reducing the difficulty of demoulding,

[0029] The embodiments described above are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging production process for a large-diameter double-edge wheel for a crane, characterized in that: The process comprises at least the following steps: (1) Cutting: Cut the round steel billet of corresponding length according to the forging requirements of the double-edge wheel; (2) Heating: placing the round steel billet obtained in step (1) into a heating furnace for heating to ensure that the round steel billet is heated evenly; (3) Pre-forging: The high-temperature round steel billet obtained in step (2) is placed on a screw press and pre-forged into a round pancake-shaped billet; (4) Forging process: the blank obtained in step (3) is placed in a first set of single-edge dies for forging and punching, the blank is initially formed and punched, and then the blank is placed in a second set of single-edge dies for forging and expanding again, thereby obtaining a single-edge blank for the wheel; (5) Forming process: The single-edge blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a double-edge mold, which includes an upper mold, a middle mold and a lower mold. The single edge of the single-edge blank is placed on the lower mold, and then the middle mold is closed. The single-edge blank is then forged by the upper mold driven by a punching machine, and finally a double-edge blank of the wheel is obtained.

2. The forging production process for a large-diameter double-edge wheel for a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), the middle mold of the double-edge mold includes a middle template, which is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a stopper matching the shape of the wheel groove is arranged on the inner wall of the middle template; the middle template is spliced ​​by a plurality of arc-shaped sub-templates, and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder is arranged horizontally on the outer side of each sub-template.

3. The forging production process for a large-diameter double-edge wheel for a crane as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A splicing block and a splicing groove are arranged at the splicing position of each sub-template, and the splicing block on each sub-template matches with the splicing groove on the adjacent sub-template.

4. The forging production process for a large-diameter double-edge wheel for a crane as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A cooling channel is arranged inside each sub-template, and the two ends of the cooling channel are respectively a water inlet and a water outlet for cooling water.

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