A data transmission system based on NBIOT and blockchain

Abstract

The application relates to a data transmission method and system, belongs to the technical field of blockchains, and in particular to a data transmission method and system based on a blockchain. The method comprises the following steps: using blockchain encryption information to encrypt to-be-chained data to obtain first encrypted data; using an original key of a data collection device to encrypt the first encrypted data to obtain second encrypted data; and transmitting the second encrypted data to a data collection platform based on an NBIOT protocol to perform data analysis service. Therefore, the application has the advantages that the data can be ensured not to be intercepted or even tampered with during the transmission process from the terminal to the blockchain, the method is easy to implement, has strong universality, and can be applied to various Internet of Things scenes such as water meters and electric meters.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a data transmission method and system, and belongs to the technical field of blockchains. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional water data is mainly managed in a centralized mode, and under this premise, whether the data is reliable and whether the data is tampered with during transmission and storage becomes a problem and challenge for the parties involved. In view of the above problems and challenges, the prior art uses the characteristics of decentralization, non-tamperability and traceability of the blockchain technology, and proposes a construction idea and method of smart water blockchain BaaS (Blockchain as a Service), which solves the problem of low reliability of water data.

[0003] However, as a kind of Internet of Things data, how to ensure that the water meter data is not intercepted or even tampered with during the transmission process from the terminal water meter to the blockchain has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0004] The following gives a brief summary of one or more aspects to provide a basic understanding of these aspects. This summary is not an exhaustive overview of all contemplated aspects, and neither is it intended to identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor to delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its only purpose is to give some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form to sequence the more detailed description given later.

[0005] The main purpose of the application is to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, and a data transmission method and system based on a blockchain are provided. The system and method can ensure that the data is not intercepted or even tampered with during the transmission process from the terminal to the blockchain, are easy to implement, have strong universality, and can be applied to various Internet of Things scenarios such as water meters and electricity meters.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the scheme of the application is:

[0007] A data transmission method based on a blockchain, comprising:

[0008] encrypting to-be-chained data using blockchain encryption information to obtain first encrypted data;

[0009] encrypting the first encrypted data using an original key of a data collection device to obtain second encrypted data;

[0010] transmitting the second encrypted data to a data collection platform based on an NBIOT protocol for data analysis services.

[0011] Preferably, the blockchain-based data transmission method encapsulates the first encrypted data based on a TLV format and then encrypts the first encrypted data based on an original key of the data collection device to obtain second encrypted data.

[0012] A blockchain-based data transmission method comprises:

[0013] decrypting the second encrypted data sent by the data collection device using an original key of the data collection device;

[0014] reading first encrypted data and version information of the data collection device from the decrypted second encrypted data, the first encrypted data being encrypted using blockchain encryption information;

[0015] sending the first encrypted data and the version information of the data collection device to a blockchain BaaS server.

[0016] A blockchain-based data transmission system based on NBIOT and blockchain comprises:

[0017] a data collection device connected to a data analysis end through an NBIOT platform, configured to encrypt to-be-chained data using blockchain encryption information to obtain first encrypted data, encrypt the first encrypted data using an original key of the data collection device to obtain second encrypted data, and transmit the second encrypted data to a data analysis server based on an NBIOT protocol;

[0018] a data analysis server connected to a data collection device platform and a blockchain BaaS server, configured to decrypt the second encrypted data using an original key of the data collection device to read the first encrypted data and version information of the data collection device, and send the first encrypted data and the version information of the data collection device to the blockchain BaaS server;

[0019] a BaaS server connected to a blockchain system, configured to find a blockchain key corresponding to the data collection device according to the received version information of the data collection device, decrypt the first encrypted data, and transmit to-be-chained data to the blockchain system.

[0020] Preferably, the blockchain-based data transmission system based on NBIOT and blockchain, the blockchain encryption information is obtained based on an asymmetric encryption rule, specifically:

[0021] the data collection device platform sends version information and an ID number of the data collection device to the blockchain BaaS server;

[0022] the blockchain BaaS server generates a key pair according to the version information and the ID number of the data collection device, and sends a public key in the key pair to the data collection device platform.

[0023] Preferably, in the aforementioned data transmission system based on NBIOT and blockchain, the blockchain BaaS server persistently stores version information, user device ID number, and key pair, and binds and pairs the user device with the corresponding private key and wallet in the blockchain system.

[0024] Preferably, in the aforementioned data transmission system based on NBIOT and blockchain, the blockchain encrypted information is obtained based on symmetric encryption rules, specifically as follows:

[0025] The data acquisition device platform sends information such as the IMEI, IMSI, and version number of the data acquisition device to the blockchain BaaS server.

[0026] The blockchain BaaS server generates a 128-bit key based on information such as IMEI, IMSI, and version number; and simultaneously distributes the key to the data acquisition device platform.

[0027] Preferably, in the aforementioned data transmission system based on NBIOT and blockchain, the blockchain BaaS server persistently stores the IMEI, IMSI, version number, and key, and binds and pairs the user device with the corresponding private key and wallet in the blockchain system.

[0028] Preferably, in the above-mentioned data transmission system based on NBIOT and blockchain, the data acquisition device platform is a water information acquisition platform, and the data acquisition device is a water meter.

[0029] Preferably, in the above-mentioned data transmission system based on NB-IoT and blockchain, the data parsing server and the blockchain BaaS server are implemented using MQTT protocol message queue middleware.

[0030] Therefore, the advantages of this invention are: it ensures that data is not intercepted or even tampered with during the process of data collection from the terminal to the blockchain, it is easy to implement, has strong versatility, and can be applied to various Internet of Things scenarios such as water meters and electricity meters. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the specification, further serve to explain the principles of the invention and to enable those skilled in the art to make and use this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 1 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the transmission node from the terminal water meter to the blockchain BaaS service and the corresponding protocol system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2This illustration shows a schematic diagram of key generation and distribution based on the KPI scheme (asymmetric encryption rule) in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of key generation and distribution based on hardware information (symmetric encryption rules) in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the dual encryption model in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Example

[0038] The water meter data encryption and decryption model based on NBIot and blockchain technology in this embodiment includes a protocol system composed of various nodes in the water meter data transmission link from the collection end to the blockchain BaaS service, as well as multiple protocols involved in the transmission process.

[0039] This embodiment is based on the NBIot protocol and the blockchain water meter data encryption and decryption model. It proposes a special data protocol label for writing data (water meter health status data) to the blockchain. This solution effectively solves the problem of how the front-end parsing service can distinguish which data needs to be written to the blockchain from massive amounts of water meter data.

[0040] This embodiment proposes an encryption and decryption model for water meter data based on the NBIot protocol and blockchain, suggesting two optional encryption rules: (1) an asymmetric national cryptographic algorithm encryption rule; and (2) an encryption rule based on a symmetric algorithm and hardware information. Based on the selected encryption rules, a dual encryption model is proposed to ensure the security and tamper-proof nature of the data to be uploaded to the blockchain from the water meter to the blockchain BaaS service. Traditionally, water meter data is transmitted back to the IoT platform from the water meter. The data is encrypted using the AES algorithm in the water meter's built-in chip and then decrypted on the IoT platform. This invention improves upon this approach. For data with blockchain tags, it first encrypts the data using the rule described in (1) or (2) to obtain ciphertext, and then further encrypts it using the AES algorithm.

[0041] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-4 This embodiment will be further described.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a water meter data encryption and decryption model based on NBIot and blockchain technology, including (1) various nodes in the water meter data transmission link from the collection end to the blockchain BaaS service; and (2) a protocol system composed of multiple protocols involved in the transmission process.

[0043] Water meter data is generated at the terminal smart water meter, and its transmission process includes three steps.

[0044] Step 1 involves transmitting water meter data back to the telecom operator's NB-IoT platform via the NB card. In this transmission step, the water meter data is encapsulated using the NB-IoT protocol.

[0045] Step 2 involves the NBIot platform transmitting water meter data back to the data parsing service. In this transmission step, the water meter data is encapsulated using the COAP protocol, and the parsing service periodically and proactively sends HTTP network requests to extract the data.

[0046] Step 3 involves the water meter data being sent from the data parsing service to the blockchain BaaS service. In this step, the data exchange between the data parsing service and the blockchain BaaS service is completed via the MQTT protocol.

[0047] In this embodiment, step 3 can be implemented as follows:

[0048] Step 301: The data parsing service identifies the data to be uploaded to the blockchain and pushes it to the message queue server;

[0049] Step 302 connects the data parsing service and the blockchain BaaS service using an MQTT protocol message queue middleware. This middleware is implemented using RabbitMQ, employing a point-to-point message distribution model. The data parsing service acts as the producer, and the blockchain BaaS service as the consumer. The producer pushes data to the queue, and the consumer periodically pulls data, confirming and deleting messages from the queue. Each message is sent to only one consumer.

[0050] Step 303: The blockchain BaaS service pulls water meter data from the message queue server, performs validity and integrity checks, and then writes it into the blockchain system.

[0051] Refer to Tables 1 and 2. Table 1 shows the data to be parsed received by the data parsing server. This data is in TLV format. The Tab field in the TLV data format identifies the data type. The data parsing service also uses this field to determine whether it is blockchain data. When this field is Tag0x0A, the data is blockchain data. The specific Tab types include: Tag1 Basic Data, Tag2 Real-time Data, Tag3 Periodic Data, Tag4 Dense Data, Tag5 Alarm Data, Tag6 Water Meter Parameters, Tag7 Query Information, Tag8 Parameter Setting Results, Tag9 Transparent Data, and Tag0x0A Blockchain Data. If it is blockchain data, it is sent to the blockchain BaaS service; other types of data are sent to the water information collection platform.

[0052] Table 1 TLV Data Format

[0053]

[0054] Table 2 provides a detailed description of the blockchain data protocol. IMEI and IMSI are the identification fields for the water meter, and each water meter has a unique IMEI / IMSI. The encryption algorithm generates the water meter's key based on the batch number, IMEI, or IMSI. The alarm data field contains the specific information to be written into the blockchain system.

[0055] Table 2. Blockchain Data Protocol Description (Tag: 0x0A)

[0056]

[0057] See Figures 2-4 As shown, the core of this implementation includes proposing two optional encryption rules: 1. an encryption rule based on asymmetric national cryptographic algorithms; 2. an encryption rule based on symmetric algorithms and hardware information. Furthermore, based on the above encryption rules, a dual encryption model is proposed to ensure the security and tamper-proof nature of the data to be uploaded to the blockchain from the water meter to the blockchain BaaS service. The encryption / decryption model in this embodiment includes two modules: (1) based on the data sensitivity requirements, it is divided into a KPI-based key scheme and a hardware information-based key scheme; (2) the data is encrypted at the water meter and decrypted at the blockchain BaaS service according to the corresponding key scheme.

[0058] See Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the key generation and distribution process based on the KPI scheme (asymmetric encryption rules). This scheme employs ECC and SM2 asymmetric encryption algorithms to encrypt blockchain data. Key pairs (public key and private key) are generated and distributed to manufacturers by the blockchain BaaS service on a one-meter-one-key basis. Devices use the public key to encrypt blockchain data, and the data is transmitted to the blockchain service for decryption using the private key. The specific process is as follows:

[0059] Step 1: The manufacturer sends the water meter's version batch number and the water meter's IMEI / IMSI to the blockchain BaaS service through the water information collection platform. The version number is 1 byte long and the water meter's IMEI is 8 bytes long.

[0060] Step 2: The blockchain BaaS service generates a key pair based on the version number and the water meter IMEI / IMSI.

[0061] Step 3: The blockchain BaaS service distributes the water meter public key to the water usage information collection platform, which then forwards it to the corresponding water meter.

[0062] Step 4: The blockchain BaaS service will persistently store the version number, water meter IMEI, and key pair, and bind and pair the water meter (IMEI, public key, private key) with the water meter in the blockchain system (private key, wallet).

[0063] See Figure 3 The diagram shows the key generation and distribution process based on hardware information (symmetric encryption rules).

[0064] This solution employs AES and SM4 symmetric encryption algorithms to encrypt blockchain data. The keys are generated and distributed to manufacturers by the blockchain BaaS service on a one-meter-one-key basis. Devices use these keys to encrypt blockchain data, and data is transmitted to the blockchain service for decryption using the same keys. The specific process is as follows:

[0065] Step 1: Encrypt the blockchain data using AES or SM4 encryption algorithms;

[0066] Step 2: The water information collection platform provides information such as IMEI, IMSI, and version number;

[0067] Step 3: The blockchain BaaS service generates a 128-bit key based on information such as IMEI, IMSI, and version number;

[0068] Step 4: The blockchain BaaS service distributes the keys to the water information collection platform;

[0069] Step 5: The blockchain BaaS service persistently stores the IMEI, IMSI, version number, and key, and binds and pairs the water meter (IMEI, key) with the water meter in the blockchain system (private key, wallet).

[0070] See Figure 4 The diagram shows the blockchain data transmission and encryption / decryption algorithm model flow. This algorithm model adopts... Figure 2 or Figure 3 The encryption rules encrypt the blockchain data. After encryption, the blockchain data is transmitted back to the operator platform, data parsing service, and blockchain BaaS service. Finally, the data is decrypted in the blockchain BaaS service to complete the data upload. The specific process is as follows:

[0071] Step 1, (1) use KPI-based encryption, and encrypt the blockchain data using the blockchain public key; (2) use hardware information-based encryption, and encrypt the blockchain data using the blockchain private key to obtain encrypted blockchain data.

[0072] Step 2: The blockchain encrypted data, version number, and other basic data are encrypted together with the water meter's original key to obtain the water meter encrypted data;

[0073] Step 3: The encrypted water meter data is transmitted to the water usage collection platform's data parsing service via the telecommunications Coap platform;

[0074] Step 4: The data parsing service uses the water meter's original key to parse the encrypted data and extract the blockchain encrypted data, version number, and IMEI / IMSI information.

[0075] Step 5: Push the data retrieved in Step 4 to the blockchain Bass service;

[0076] Step 6: The Bass service finds the corresponding key based on the water meter's IMEI / IMSI to decrypt the data and upload it to the blockchain.

[0077] As described above, the water meter data encryption and decryption model based on NBIot and blockchain technology in this embodiment includes a protocol system composed of various nodes in the water meter data transmission link from the collection end to the blockchain BaaS service, as well as multiple protocols involved in the transmission process.

[0078] This embodiment is based on the NBIot protocol and the blockchain water meter data encryption and decryption model. It proposes a special data protocol label for writing data (water meter health status data) to the blockchain. This solution effectively solves the problem of how the front-end parsing service can distinguish which data needs to be written to the blockchain from massive amounts of water meter data.

[0079] This embodiment proposes an encryption and decryption model for water meter data based on the NBIot protocol and blockchain, suggesting two optional encryption rules: (1) an asymmetric national cryptographic algorithm encryption rule; and (2) an encryption rule based on a symmetric algorithm and hardware information. Based on the selected encryption rules, a dual encryption model is proposed to ensure the security and tamper-proof nature of the data to be uploaded to the blockchain from the water meter to the blockchain BaaS service. Traditionally, water meter data is transmitted back to the IoT platform from the water meter. The data is encrypted using the AES algorithm in the water meter's built-in chip and then decrypted on the IoT platform. This invention improves upon this approach. For data with blockchain tags, it first encrypts the data using the rule described in (1) or (2) to obtain ciphertext, and then further encrypts it using the AES algorithm.

[0080] In this embodiment, although the above methods are illustrated and described as a series of actions for the sake of simplicity, it should be understood and appreciated that these methods are not limited by the order of the actions, because according to one or more embodiments, some actions may occur in a different order and / or concurrently with other actions from those illustrated and described herein or not illustrated and described herein but which may be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0081] It should be noted that references to "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., in the specification indicate that the described embodiments may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but each embodiment may not necessarily include said specific features, structures, or characteristics. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Additionally, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, whether explicitly described or not, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments will be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0082] The prior description of this disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A data transmission system based on NB-IoT and blockchain, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition device is connected to the data parsing terminal through the NBIOT platform. It is used to encrypt the data to be uploaded to the chain using blockchain encryption rules to obtain the first encrypted data, and then encrypt the first encrypted data using the original key of the data acquisition device to obtain the second encrypted data. The second encrypted data is then transmitted to the data parsing server based on the NBIOT protocol; specifically including: Step 1: The manufacturer sends the water meter version number and the water meter's IMEI and IMSI to the blockchain BaaS service through the water information collection platform; Step 2: The blockchain BaaS service generates a key pair based on the version number, water meter IMEI, and IMSI. Step 3: The blockchain BaaS service distributes the water meter public key to the water usage information collection platform, which then forwards it to the corresponding water meter. Step 4: The blockchain BaaS service will persistently store the version number, water meter IMEI, and key pair, and bind and pair water meters with each other in the blockchain system. Among them, the key is generated by the blockchain BaaS service on a one-key-per-water-meter basis and distributed to the manufacturer. The device uses the key to encrypt the blockchain data, and the data is transmitted to the blockchain service for decryption using the key. After blockchain data is encrypted, it is transmitted back to the operation platform, data parsing service, and blockchain BaaS service. Finally, it is decrypted and fully uploaded to the blockchain within the blockchain BaaS service. This process includes: Step a, (1) Using ECC and SM2 asymmetric encryption rules, the blockchain data is encrypted using the blockchain public key; (2) Using AES and SM4 symmetric encryption rules, the blockchain data is encrypted using the blockchain private key, thus obtaining encrypted blockchain data. Step b: The blockchain encrypted data and version number are encrypted together with the water meter's original key to obtain the water meter encrypted data; Step c: The encrypted water meter data is transmitted to the water usage collection platform's data parsing service via the telecommunications Coap platform; Step d: The data parsing service uses the water meter's original key to parse the encrypted data and extract the blockchain encrypted data, version number, IMEI, and IMSI information. Step f: Push the data retrieved in step 4 to the blockchain BaaS service; In step e, the BaaS service finds the corresponding key for decryption based on the water meter's IMEI and IMSI, thus enabling data upload to the blockchain. The data parsing server is connected to the data acquisition device platform and the blockchain BaaS server. It is used to parse the second encrypted data using the original key of the data acquisition device to read the first encrypted data and the version number information of the data acquisition device; and to send the first encrypted data and the version number information of the data acquisition device to the blockchain BaaS server. The BaaS server is connected to the blockchain system and is used to find the blockchain key corresponding to the data acquisition device based on the version number information of the received data acquisition device in order to parse the first encrypted data and transmit the data to be uploaded to the blockchain system.

2. The data transmission system based on NB-IoT and blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blockchain encryption rules are obtained based on asymmetric encryption rules, specifically: The data acquisition device platform sends the version information and device ID number of the data acquisition device to the blockchain BaaS server. The blockchain BaaS server generates a key pair based on the version information and the device ID number, and sends the public key in the key pair to the data acquisition device platform.

3. A data transmission system based on NB-IoT and blockchain according to claim 2, characterized in that, The blockchain BaaS server persistently stores version information, user device ID number, and key pair, and binds and pairs the user device with the corresponding private key and wallet in the blockchain system.

4. A data transmission system based on NB-IoT and blockchain according to claim 3, characterized in that, The blockchain encryption rules are obtained based on symmetric encryption rules, specifically: The data acquisition device platform sends the IMEI, IMSI, and version number of the data acquisition device to the blockchain BaaS server. The blockchain BaaS server generates a 128-bit key based on the IMEI, IMSI, and version number; and simultaneously distributes the key to the data acquisition device platform.

5. A data transmission system based on NB-IoT and blockchain according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blockchain BaaS server persistently stores IMEI, IMSI, version number and key, and binds and pairs the user device with the corresponding private key and wallet in the blockchain system.

6. A data transmission system based on NB-IoT and blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition equipment platform is a water usage information acquisition platform, and the data acquisition equipment is a water meter.

7. A data transmission system based on NB-IoT and blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data parsing server and the blockchain BaaS server are implemented based on the MQTT protocol message queue middleware.

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