Superconducting waste harmless rapid continuous cracking treatment device

Abstract

A superconducting, harmless, rapid and continuous waste cracking device consists of a superconducting rotary cracking drum, left and right drum sealers, a hydraulically linked feeder, a superconducting heat transfer unit, a burner, a re-cracker, a condenser, a waste heat recovery unit, and a power unit. The device features a superconducting rotary cracking drum that continuously feeds waste into one end and discharges residue at the other. The drum is welded with several high-efficiency, integrated superconducting heat transfer units that absorb, transfer, and dissipate heat. Several heat-dissipating plates are welded to the inner wall, and several parallel heat-absorbing plates are welded to the outer wall. The drum rotates 360 degrees within the burner's heating field, rapidly generating a mixed gas in the absence of oxygen. This gas is then secondary cracked in the re-cracker to produce pure, combustible gas for use in the cracking furnace. This device treats waste thoroughly and hygienically, doubles the processing capacity, and is pollution-free, with no carbon dioxide emissions or dioxin production. 100% of the organic waste is converted into useful resources, saving significant manpower, material, financial, and land resources, and generating significant economic and social benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of domestic waste treatment, in particular to a high-efficiency, non-toxic, superconducting waste rapid and continuous cracking treatment device. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of human civilization and population growth, the amount of domestic waste generated in cities and rural areas is increasing, and its composition is becoming increasingly complex, with an increasing number of harmful components. Traditional landfills, which waste land, damage groundwater resources, and harm the environment, are becoming a thing of the past. The current practice of incinerators in various locations is causing serious environmental pollution and has drawn public opposition. Incineration emits large amounts of smoke, harmful particulate matter, acidic gases, unburned waste, heavy metals, and large amounts of carbon dioxide, which in turn produces large amounts of carcinogenic dioxins. Furthermore, incineration reduces organic matter in the waste to ash, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0003] Waste pyrolysis and cracking technologies, currently the focus of research both domestically and internationally, treat waste without smoke, dust, wastewater, hazardous substances, or dioxin emissions. They significantly reduce waste volume and require minimal floor space, making them a promising technology for transforming waste into valuable resources and poised to play a crucial role in municipal solid waste treatment. However, these technologies suffer from small, slow, time-consuming equipment, and limited daily processing capacity. Increased equipment size also hinders thorough waste treatment, and in particular, the inability to completely eliminate hazardous substances and pollution in pyrolysis equipment, hindering their widespread application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to completely solve the technical defects of existing cracking technology and garbage pyrolysis technology in treating garbage, a new type of garbage rapid and continuous cracking treatment device is designed by utilizing the principles of rapid heat collection, rapid heat transfer, and rapid heat dissipation of high-efficiency integrated rotating superconductors, the thermal shielding characteristics of rotating superconductors, the rapid heat uniformity characteristics, and the principle of rapid reflux of high-temperature metal working fluids under the combined force of gravity and centrifugal force.

[0005] The superconducting garbage harmless rapid continuous cracking treatment device places solid garbage and organic waste in a special sealed rotary superconducting cracking device. The garbage is in direct contact with the rotary high-efficiency superconducting heat transfer and heat dissipation components. By utilizing the thermal instability of the garbage, under certain temperature, pressure and catalyst, the organic matter in the garbage and the gasifying agent are rapidly reacted in a series of reactions, which quickly break down the high molecular hydrocarbons in the garbage and separate out volatile components such as CO, H2, CH, CNHm, combustible gases, water vapor and cracking oil. In the process, except for a small amount of cracking residue used as chemical raw materials, the cracking oil, combustible gases and water vapor are used as energy and catalysts for the cracking device. The garbage and cracking products enter and exit the cracking device at the same time. The daily garbage processing capacity can be doubled, the treatment is thorough, and there is no pollution or toxicity, truly achieving the goal of efficient garbage reduction, resource utilization and harmlessness.

[0006] The superconducting, harmless, rapid, and continuous waste pyrolysis treatment device consists of a superconducting rotary cracking drum, a left drum sealer, a right drum sealer, a gas collector, a hydraulically linked feeder, a superconducting heat transfer unit, a burner, a re-cracker, a condenser, a waste heat recovery unit, a water seal tank, a power unit, a controller, a centrifuge, an insulation jacket, and a support. The device is characterized by the left end of the superconducting rotary cracking drum being connected to the left drum sealer, which is in turn connected to the gas collector on its left. The gas collector is equipped with a mixed gas outlet on its top and a cracked carbon outlet on its bottom, which is submerged in water in the water seal tank. The mixed gas generated by waste pyrolysis in the superconducting rotary cracking drum flows through the mixed gas outlet and a connected centrifugal fan into the re-cracker, converting the cracked oil and gas into combustible gas that is then supplied to the superconducting rotary cracking drum for waste pyrolysis. The right end of the superconducting rotary cracking drum is connected to the right drum sealer, which is connected to the hydraulically linked feeder on its right. A catalyst tank is mounted above the hydraulically linked feeder. The gas gathering cylinder, left drum sealer, superconducting rotary cracking cylinder, right drum sealer and hydraulic linkage feeder are all horizontally located on a concentric axis. The gas gathering cylinder, left drum sealer and right drum sealer are stationary parts, and the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder is a moving part. When the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder moves, the left drum sealer and right drum sealer connected at both ends are sealed with the gas gathering cylinder and the hydraulic linkage feeder to prevent air leakage. The superconducting rotary cracking cylinder, which is mounted on two rollers at the left end and two rollers at the right end of the bracket at both ends, can rotate 360 ​​degrees in forward and reverse directions driven by the power device. It can rotate forward to feed garbage and can transport the cracked carbon in the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder to the gas gathering cylinder. Several high-efficiency superconducting heat transfer devices are welded on the wall of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder. Several heat dissipation plates that can dissipate heat and stir the garbage in the cylinder are welded on the inner wall of the cylinder. Several parallel heat absorption plates that can absorb heat are welded on the outer wall of the cylinder. The mixed gas generated by the cracking of garbage in the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder enters the re-splitter through the mixed gas outlet, the mixed gas pipeline, and the centrifugal fan, and continues to crack under the high temperature generated by the operation of the burner, turning the cracked oil and gas into combustible gas, which is supplied to the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder to crack the garbage therein. The superconducting rotary cracking tube is surrounded by an insulating sleeve. A re-splitter and a burner below the re-splitter are placed between the insulating sleeve and the bottom of the superconducting rotary cracking tube. The re-splitter is connected to the condenser through a combustible gas pipeline. The condenser is connected to the burner through a flame arrester and a mixing valve. The combustible gas from the re-splitter is sent to the burner. The waste heat of the hot flue gas generated by the burner is discharged from the chimney pipe above the superconducting rotary cracking tube and is heat exchanged with the connected waste heat recovery device. The heated clean air is sent to the mixing valve through the warm air pipeline and mixed with the combustible gas sent from the re-splitter in proportion and burned in the burner.

[0007] The high-efficiency heat transfer superconducting heat exchangers welded to the wall of the superconducting rotary cracking tube are composed of a plurality of parallel and equidistantly arranged connecting tubes and a plurality of superconducting branch tubes welded to the connecting tubes and equipped with heat sinks. All the superconducting branch tubes are parallel to each other and vertically connected to the connecting tubes. The connecting tubes are wound with metal fins and filled with an activated liquid alloy working medium. The liquid alloy working medium is an activated mixture of mercury and a portion of ultrafine powder titanium, ultrafine powder nickel, etc. The volume of the liquid alloy working medium accounts for 22.5-30% of the internal volume of the connecting tube. The evaporation end of the superconducting heat exchanger is the connecting tube located outside the wall of the superconducting rotary cracking tube, and the condensation end is the plurality of superconducting branch tubes welded with heat sinks located inside the superconducting rotary cracking tube. The interior of the plurality of superconducting heat exchangers is in a negative pressure state when not in operation, and in a positive pressure state when in operation.

[0008] The burner installed between the insulation sleeves at the bottom of the superconducting rotary cracking tube is a row of gas heaters, which are composed of several parallel connected main pipes and nozzles installed on the main pipes. The main pipes are of the same length as the superconducting rotary cracking tube. The heating field of the combustible gas obtained by the burner combustion and cracking surrounds the superconducting rotary cracking tube. The heating field heats the superconducting rotary cracking tube that rotates 360 degrees in all directions. Through several high-efficiency heat-transferring superconducting heat transfer devices on the superconducting rotary cracking tube, several parallel heat-absorbing plates welded on the outer wall of the tube and several heat-dissipating plates in the superconducting rotary cracking tube, the heat of the burner combustion gas is evenly transferred to the garbage 1 in the superconducting rotary cracking tube, completing the process of converting the garbage from solid to gas in the superconducting rotary cracking tube. The waste heat hot air generated by the burner passes through the chimney pipe on the top of the superconducting rotary cracking tube and is connected to the waste heat recovery device installed on the superconducting rotary cracking tube. The waste heat heats the cold air to obtain clean hot air for use by the burner.

[0009] The waste heat recovery device installed outside the insulation jacket on the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder is a waste heat recovery device of the garbage rapid continuous cracking treatment device, which is composed of an exchange box, an intermediate partition, and a plurality of superconducting fin heat transfer tubes. Its characteristic is that the intermediate partition separates the plurality of superconducting fin heat transfer tubes into two upper and lower boxes in the exchange box. The air inlet of the waste heat recovery device of the lower box is connected to the chimney pipe above the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder, and the hot air outlet of the upper box is connected to the mixing valve through a small centrifuge and a warm air pipe. The high-temperature waste heat hot air flow coming out of the chimney pipe above the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder enters the lower box of the waste heat recovery device through the air inlet of the waste heat recovery device and is discharged from the air outlet. The heat of the waste heat hot air flow is transferred to the upper box through a number of superconducting fin heat transfer tubes. The cold air entering from the cold air inlet on the left side of the upper box is preheated and then passes through the hot air outlet, small centrifuge, warm air pipe, and is mixed with the combustible gas entering the mixing valve in a certain proportion before entering the burner for waste heat utilization, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the burner.

[0010] The described splitter that is placed between superconducting rotary cracking tube below and the heat-insulating jacket is a high-temperature heat exchanger, is made of several heating tubes, and the metal fin and the inlet and outlet connecting pipe that are wound on the heating tube constitute.Containing a large amount of cracking oil (tar) gas in the miscible gas of garbage cracking can not directly burn in burner, cracking oil (tar) gas enters splitter again under 700 degree ℃ of high temperatures, cracking oil (tar) gas secondary cracking and water vapor take place reforming reaction in splitter again, have increased combustible gas CO, H 2 Deng content, enter condenser, flame arrester, gas mixing valve and enter burner promptly directly burn by combustible gas pipeline. The final temperature of the waste pyrolysis gas mixture, 700°C, is the most important factor influencing the process. When the mixed gas from the centrifuge is fed to the re-cracker at 430°C, the measured gas yield is approximately 5%, the liquid yield is 40%, and the pyrolysis residue yield is around 55%. After secondary cracking in the re-cracker and subsequent reforming reaction with steam, the gas yield rises to 50%, the liquid yield is only 10%, and the pyrolysis residue drops to around 40%. The re-cracker provides a large amount of heat energy for the rapid and continuous waste pyrolysis process.

[0011] The flame arrester connected to the condenser and resplitter is a safety device used to prevent the flame from flashing back into the condenser and resplitter when the burner is ignited, causing a flash explosion or detonation of combustible gases. The flame arrester is composed of a cylinder with flanges at both ends and a dense metal mesh filter element between the two flanges. The metal mesh filter element is made of 8 to 16 layers of stainless steel perforated plates with holes of 0.23 to 0.315 mm in diameter, or 8 to 16 layers of 16 to 22 mesh metal mesh. The flame arrester has countless small holes on its mesh, which will not block the passage of combustible gases during operation. When the combustible gas flashes back, the flame enters the flame arrester and is divided into many fine flame streams by the dense holes of the flame arrester. Due to the heat transfer effect (the gas is cooled) and the wall effect, the flame stream is instantly quenched, and the flame will not flash back into the condenser and resplitter.

[0012] The condenser is a shell and tube cooler, which has a cold water inlet, a hot water outlet, a gas inlet, and a gas outlet. The re-cracker is connected to the gas inlet of the condenser through a combustible gas pipeline, and the gas outlet of the condenser is connected to the flame arrester through a pipeline. The condenser uses cold water as a coolant to cool the gas fluid entering the condenser tubes to remove a small amount of moisture and trace cracking oil in the gas. The moisture and trace cracking oil condensed in the tubes flow out from the drain pipe at the bottom of the condenser.

[0013] The hydraulic feeder consists of a feed barrel, a feed hopper and catalyst tank mounted on the barrel, a catalyst tank filled with catalyst, a hydraulic piston and push rod mounted within the barrel, and a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic feeder pumps the garbage and catalyst entering the barrel from the feed hopper and catalyst tank through a right drum sealer into the superconducting rotary cracking drum, where they form a garbage blockage that seals the superconducting rotary cracking drum. The catalyst is a mixture of 95% water, 3% dolomite, and 3% Fe2O3 powder. The water in the liquid catalyst is required to meet the humidity requirements for garbage cracking and gasification. Experiments have shown that when the temperature in the garbage cracking reaction zone within the superconducting rotary cracking drum is between 400°C and 600°C, water vapor, acting as a gasifying agent, accelerates the garbage reaction rate, significantly improving the garbage gasification conversion rate and volatile matter emission rate. The addition of water vapor causes some of the gases released by the waste reaction to react with the water vapor, further decomposing them into other small molecules. Some of these small molecules then continue to react with the water vapor, extending the reaction time and increasing the total gas production. In a 450°C water vapor atmosphere, the total gas production rate for municipal solid waste, kitchen waste, and paper scraps can reach nearly 950 L / kg, increasing the calorific value by 40%.

[0014] The thermal insulation sleeve around the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder is an inorganic thermal insulation material with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.05W / (mK) and a heat resistance temperature greater than 1000°C, such as aluminum silicate polycrystalline fiber cotton. The thickness of the insulation layer is 15cm to 20cm. It can prevent the temperature on the furnace body from spreading outward and provide thermal protection for garbage cracking.

[0015] The power device consists of an electric motor, a reducer, and a circular concentric gear ring welded on a superconducting rotary cracking cylinder. The controller controls the forward and reverse rotation of the electric motor. The electric motor drives the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder to rotate 360 ​​degrees at 6 revolutions per minute on four rollers through the reducer and the circular concentric gear ring. The garbage loaded in the rotary cracking cylinder is flipped between the heat sinks and heat dissipation plates of several superconducting branch pipes, so that the garbage is evenly heated and quickly cracked after being heated.

[0016] The operating principle of the superconducting garbage harmless rapid and continuous pyrolysis treatment device is as follows: When the controller is powered, the power unit, centrifuge, hydraulic pump, and small centrifuge start. The power unit controls the electric motor and reducer to rotate the circular concentric gear rings welded to the superconducting rotary cracking drum 360 degrees. Garbage and catalyst entering the feed drum from the feed hopper and catalyst tank are fed into the superconducting rotary cracking drum through the right drum sealer, where a sealed garbage block is formed. A burner, mounted between the insulating jackets below the superconducting rotary cracking drum, ignites the combustible gas obtained from the pyrolysis of the garbage. A heating field surrounds the superconducting rotary cracking drum, heating it in all directions as it rotates 360 degrees. Heat generated by the burner is rapidly and evenly transferred to the garbage within the superconducting rotary cracking drum via several highly efficient superconducting heat transfer elements, several parallel heat absorbing plates welded to the drum's outer wall, and several heat dissipation plates on the drum's inner wall, transforming the garbage from solid to gas within the drum. The waste heat generated by the burner flows through the chimney above the superconducting rotary cracking tube and into the waste heat recovery unit. This preheats the cold air before passing through the hot air outlet, a small centrifuge, a warm air duct, and a gas mixing valve to the burner for waste heat recovery. The mixed gas produced by the waste cracking in the superconducting rotary cracking tube flows through the mixed gas outlet and a connected centrifugal fan into the re-cracker. The mixed gas in the re-cracker undergoes secondary cracking at the high temperature of the burner, converting the cracked oil into combustible gas, which is then fed back into the superconducting rotary cracking tube for waste cracking. The waste cracking residue from the superconducting rotary cracking tube enters the gas collection tube and flows out through the cracked carbon outlet at the bottom into the water in the water seal tank.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the superconducting garbage harmless rapid continuous cracking treatment device:

[0018] 1. The superconducting garbage harmless rapid continuous cracking treatment device has better solved the problems of existing pyrolysis and cracking technology treatment equipment, such as small size, slow garbage treatment speed, long time, too low daily processing capacity, incomplete garbage treatment, and especially the problem that harmful substances and pollution cannot be completely eliminated by pyrolysis treatment equipment. Garbage and cracking products enter and exit the cracking device at the same time, which can increase the garbage treatment capacity by several times, and it is not only efficient but also thorough.

[0019] 2. A new type of rapid continuous garbage cracking device is designed using the principles of rapid heat collection, rapid heat transfer, and rapid heat dissipation of highly efficient integrated rotating superconducting components, as well as the thermal shielding and rapid heat equalization characteristics of rotating superconducting components, and the principle of rapid reflux of high-temperature metal working fluids under the combined force of gravity and centrifugal force. In this device, organic solid waste is rapidly converted from solid to gaseous fuel under closed conditions. This device is not only highly efficient, but also pollution-free during garbage treatment, with no wastewater, fly ash, dioxin, or carbon dioxide emissions.

[0020] 3. The secondary cracking of the mixed gas by the re-cracker can convert the cracking oil in the mixed gas into combustible gas at high temperature, which greatly improves the gas production rate of combustible gas and solves the problem of self-energy supply of cracking garbage. The equipment is clean and sanitary. Except for a small amount of cracking residue used as chemical raw materials, the cracking oil and combustible gas are fully utilized in the secondary cracking at high temperature, which truly realizes the goal of efficient waste treatment, reduction of waste, resource utilization and harmlessness.

[0021] 4. The superconducting garbage harmless rapid continuous cracking treatment device occupies a small area and can be used to carry out on-site harmless treatment of organic matter such as domestic garbage, used clothing, plastics, furniture, animal feces, crop straw, agricultural film, branches, weeds, etc. generated by decentralized units such as communities, rural areas, fields, hospitals, farms, schools, factories, railways, troops, scenic spots, etc., and achieve garbage reduction, resource utilization, and harmlessness without leaving home, fully realizing waste utilization, saving manpower, material resources, financial resources and land. The cracking residue is a good organic fertilizer, which is of great significance to improving the living environment and sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the superconducting garbage harmless rapid continuous cracking treatment device

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side cut of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1

[0024] 1. Superconducting rotary cracking drum 2. Left drum sealer 3. Right drum sealer 4. Gas collecting drum 5. Hydraulic linkage feeder 6. Joint superconducting heat transfer device 7. Burner 8. Re-splitter 9. Condenser 10. Waste heat recovery device 11. Water seal tank 12. Power unit 13. Controller 14. Centrifuge 15. Insulation jacket 16. Bracket 17. Cracking carbon outlet 18. Garbage 19. Cracking carbon 20. Heat dissipation plate 21. Parallel heat absorbing plate 22. Mixed gas 23. Mixed gas pipeline 24. Combustible gas pipeline 25. Flame arrester 26. Mixing valve 27. Joint pipe 28. Heat sink 29. Superconducting branch pipe 30. Metal fin 31. Liquid alloy working medium 32. Main Pipeline 33, nozzle 34, chimney 35, exchange box 36, middle partition 37, finned heat transfer tube 38, lower box 39, recoverer air inlet 40, upper box 41, hot air outlet 42, small centrifuge 43, warm air duct 44, heating tube 45, metal fin 46, cold water inlet 47, hot water outlet 48, gas inlet 49, gas outlet 50, feed barrel 51, feed hopper 52, catalyst tank 53, catalyst 54, hydraulic piston 55, push rod 56, hydraulic pump 57, sealed blocking section 58, motor 59, reducer 60, circular concentric gear ring 61, two rollers 62 at the left end, two rollers 63 at the right end, and mixed gas outlet. Specific implementation plan

[0025] Now combined with the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2To explain in detail: A superconducting harmless garbage rapid continuous cracking treatment device consists of a superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1, a left drum sealer 2, a right drum sealer 3, a gas collecting cylinder 4, a hydraulic linkage feeder 5, a combined superconducting heat transfer device 6, a burner 7, a re-splitter 8, a condenser 9, a waste heat recovery device 10, a water seal tank 11, a power device 12, a controller 13, a centrifuge 14, an insulation cover 15, and a bracket 16. It is characterized in that the left end of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1 is connected to the left drum sealer 2, and the left drum sealer 2 is connected to the left of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1. The superconducting rotary cracking drum 1 is connected to the gas collecting cylinder 4, which is equipped with a mixed gas outlet 63 on the top and a cracked carbon outlet 17 on the bottom. The cracked carbon outlet 17 is submerged in the water of the water seal tank 11. The mixed gas produced by the cracking of the garbage in the superconducting rotary cracking drum 1 enters the re-cracker 8 through the mixed gas outlet 63, the mixed gas pipeline 23, and the connected centrifugal fan 14. The mixed gas in the re-cracker is secondary cracked at the high temperature generated by the operation of the burner 7, and the cracked oil therein is converted into combustible gas, which is supplied to the superconducting rotary cracking drum 1 for cracking the garbage 18. The right end of the superconducting rotary cracking drum 1 is connected to the right drum sealer 3, which is connected to the hydraulic linkage feeder 5 on its right side. The hydraulic linkage feeder 5 is equipped with a catalyst tank 52. The gas collecting cylinder 4, left drum sealer 2, superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1, right drum sealer 3, and hydraulically linked feeder 5 are all horizontally arranged on a concentric axis. The gas collecting cylinder 4, left drum sealer 2, and right drum sealer 3 are stationary components, while the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1 is the moving component. When the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1 moves, the left and right drum sealers 2 and 3, connected at both ends, form a leak-proof seal with the gas collecting cylinder 4 and the hydraulically linked feeder 5. The superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1, mounted on two rollers 61 at the left end and two rollers 62 at the right end of the bracket 16 at both ends, can rotate 360 ​​degrees forward and reverse when driven by a power device. Forward rotation feeds waste and transports cracked carbon 19 from the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1 to the gas collecting cylinder 4. Several high-efficiency heat-transfer superconducting heat transfer devices 6 are welded on the wall of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1, and several heat dissipation plates 20 are welded on the inner wall of the cylinder to dissipate heat and stir the garbage 18 in the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1. Several parallel heat-absorbing plates 21 are welded on the outer wall of the cylinder to absorb heat. The mixed gas 22 generated by the cracking of the garbage 18 in the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1 enters the re-cracker 8 through the mixed gas outlet 63, the mixed gas pipeline 23, and the centrifugal fan 14. The mixed gas 22 in the re-cracker 8 continues to crack under the high temperature generated by the operation of the burner 7.The superconducting rotary cracking tube 1 is surrounded by an insulating and heat-insulating sleeve 15. A re-splitter 8 and a burner 7 below the re-splitter 8 are placed between the insulating and heat-insulating sleeve 15 and the bottom of the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1. The re-splitter is connected to the condenser 9 through a combustible gas pipeline 24. The condenser 9 is connected to the burner 7 through a flame arrester 25 and a mixing valve 26. The condenser 9 condenses the combustible gas sent out by the re-splitter 8 to separate water and residual cracking oil, and then sends it to the burner 7. The hot flue gas waste heat generated by the burner 7 is discharged from the chimney pipe 34 above the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1 and exchanges heat with the connected waste heat recovery device 10. The heated clean air is sent into the mixing valve 26 through the warm air pipeline 43 and mixed with the combustible gas sent from the re-splitter 8 in proportion and burned in the burner 7, providing a continuous source of heat energy for garbage cracking in the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1.

[0026] The said multiple high-efficiency heat transfer superconductor heat transfer devices 6 welded on the wall of the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1 are composed of multiple parallel and equidistantly arranged connecting tubes 27, and multiple superconducting branch tubes 29 welded on the connecting tubes 27 and equipped with heat sinks 28. All superconducting branch tubes 29 are parallel to each other and vertically connected to the connecting tubes 27. Metal fins 30 are wound on the connecting tubes 27. The connecting tubes 27 are filled with activated liquid alloy working medium 31. The liquid alloy working medium 31 is mercury and Ultrafine powder titanium and ultrafine powder nickel are mixed and activated. The volume of liquid alloy working medium 31 accounts for 22.5-30% of the internal volume of the connecting pipe 27. The evaporation end of the multiple high-efficiency heat transfer connected superconducting heat transfer devices 6 is the connecting pipe 27 placed outside the cylinder wall of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1, and the condensation end is a multiple superconducting branch pipes 29 welded with heat sinks 28 placed inside the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1. When not in operation, the interior of the multiple high-efficiency heat transfer connected superconducting heat transfer devices 6 is in a negative pressure state, and when in operation, the interior is in a positive pressure state.

[0027] The burner 7 installed between the insulation jacket 15 below the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1 is a row of gas heaters, which consists of a number of parallel connected main pipes 32 and nozzles 33 installed on the main pipes 32. The main pipes 32 are the same length as the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1. The burner 7 burns the combustible gas produced by the cracking of garbage. Its heating field surrounds the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1. The heating field heats the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1 in all directions, and the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1 rotates 360 degrees. The combined superconducting heat transfer device 6 with efficient heat transfer, several parallel heat absorbing plates 21 welded to the outer wall of the tube, and several heat dissipation plates 20 in the superconducting rotary cracking tube evenly transfer the heat of the combustion gas of the burner 7 to the garbage 18 in the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1, so that the garbage 18 is converted from a solid state into a mixed gas of multiple components in the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1. The waste heat gas generated by the operation of the burner 7 passes through the chimney pipe 34 above the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1 and enters the waste heat recovery device 10 connected to it for waste heat recovery and utilization.

[0028] The waste heat recovery device 10 installed outside the insulation jacket 15 on the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1 is a waste heat recovery device for the burner 7 of the garbage rapid continuous cracking device. It is composed of an exchange box 35, an intermediate partition 36, and a plurality of superconducting fin heat transfer tubes 37. Its characteristic is that the intermediate partition 36 separates the plurality of superconducting fin heat transfer tubes 37 into two upper and lower parts in the exchange box 35 and connects them in the two boxes. The air inlet 39 of the waste heat recovery device of the lower box 38 is connected to the chimney pipe 34 on the top of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1, and the hot air outlet 41 of the upper box 40 is connected to the mixing valve 26 through a small centrifuge 42 and a warm air pipe 43. The high-temperature waste heat hot air flow coming out of the chimney pipe 34 above the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1 enters the waste heat recovery device lower box 38 through the waste heat recovery device air inlet 39, and is then discharged from the air outlet. The heat of the waste heat hot air flow is transferred to the upper box 40 through a number of superconducting fin heat transfer tubes 37. The cold air entering from the cold air inlet on the left side of the upper box 40 is preheated and then enters the burner 7 through the hot air outlet 41, the small centrifuge 42, the warm air pipe 43, and the mixing valve 26 for waste heat utilization, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the burner 7.

[0029] The re-cracker 8, placed between the lower edge of the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1 and the insulating sleeve 15, is a high-temperature heat exchanger consisting of a plurality of heating tubes 44, metal fins 45 wound around the heating tubes 44, and inlet and outlet connecting pipes. The mixed gas 22 from the garbage cracking process contains a large amount of pyrolysis oil (tar) gas, which cannot be directly burned in the burner 7. The pyrolysis oil (tar) gas enters the re-cracker 8 at a high temperature of 700°C. The pyrolysis oil (tar) gas undergoes secondary cracking and reforming reaction with water vapor in the re-cracker 8, increasing the content of combustible gases such as CO and H. The gas then enters the condenser 9, flame arrester 25, and gas mixing valve 26 through the combustible gas pipeline 24 and enters the burner 7 for direct combustion. The high temperature of 700°C is the final cracking temperature of the garbage cracking gas mixture, which is the most important influencing factor in the garbage cracking gas mixture cracking process. The mixed gas 22 sent from centrifuge 14 to re-cracker 8 has a temperature of 430°C, with a measured gas yield of approximately 5%, a liquid yield of 40%, and a cracking residue yield of approximately 55%. After secondary cracking of the mixed gas 22 in re-cracker 8 and subsequent reforming with steam, the gas yield rises to 50%, the liquid yield is only 10%, and the cracking residue drops to approximately 40%. Re-cracker 8 provides ideal heat energy for rapid and continuous waste cracking.

[0030] The flame arrester 25, connected to the condenser 9 and the resplitter 8, is a safety device designed to prevent the flame from flashing back into the condenser 9 and resplitter 8 when the burner 7 is ignited, potentially causing a flash explosion or detonation of combustible gases. The flame arrester 25 consists of a cylindrical structure with flanges at both ends and a dense metal mesh filter element between the flanges. The metal mesh filter element is constructed from 8 to 16 layers of stainless steel perforated plates with pores of 0.23 to 0.315 mm in diameter, or 8 to 16 layers of 16 to 22 mesh metal mesh. The flame arrester's mesh has numerous small holes that do not block the passage of combustible gases during operation. When the combustible gases flash back, the flame enters the flame arrester and is divided into numerous fine flame streams by the dense holes. Due to heat transfer (gas cooling) and the vessel wall effect, the flame streams are instantly quenched, preventing the flames from flashing back into the condenser 9 and resplitter 8.

[0031] The condenser 9 is a shell and tube cooler, and a cold water inlet 46, a hot water outlet 47, a gas inlet 48, and a gas outlet 49 are provided on the condenser 9. The splitter 8 is connected to the gas inlet 48 of the condenser 9 through a combustible gas pipeline 24, and the gas outlet 49 of the condenser 9 is connected to the flame arrester 25 through a pipeline. The condenser 9 uses cold water as a coolant to cool the gas fluid entering the condenser 9 tubes to remove residual moisture and trace cracking oil in the gas. The moisture and trace cracking oil condensed in the tubes flow out from the drain pipe below the condenser 9.

[0032] The hydraulic feeder 5 comprises a feed barrel 50, a feed hopper 51 mounted on the feed barrel 50, a catalyst tank 52 containing catalyst 53, a hydraulic piston 54 mounted within the feed barrel 50, a push rod 55, and a hydraulic pump 56. The hydraulic pump 56, via the push rod 55 and the hydraulic piston 54, propels the garbage 18 and catalyst 53 entering the feed barrel from the feed hopper 51 and catalyst tank 52 through the right drum seal 3 and into the superconducting rotary cracking drum 1. This forms a garbage block 57 within the right drum seal 3, sealing the superconducting rotary cracking drum 1. The catalyst 53 is a mixture of 95% water, 3% dolomite, and 3% Fe2O3 powder. The water in the liquid catalyst is required to meet the humidity requirements for garbage cracking and gasification. Experiments have shown that when the temperature in the garbage cracking reaction zone within the superconducting rotary cracking drum 1 is between 400°C and 600°C, water vapor, acting as a gasifying agent, accelerates the garbage reaction rate, significantly improving the garbage gasification conversion rate and volatile matter release rate. The addition of water vapor causes some of the gases released by the waste reaction to react with the water vapor, further decomposing them into other small molecules. Some of these small molecules then continue to react with the water vapor, extending the reaction time and increasing the total gas production. In a 450°C water vapor atmosphere, the total gas production rate for municipal solid waste, kitchen waste, and paper scraps can reach nearly 950 L / kg, increasing the calorific value by 40%.

[0033] The thermal insulation sleeve 15 around the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1 is an inorganic thermal insulation material with a thermal conductivity coefficient below 0.05W / (mK) and a heat resistance temperature greater than 1000°C, such as aluminum silicate polycrystalline fiber cotton. The thickness of the insulation layer is 15cm to 20cm. It can prevent the temperature on the furnace body from diffusing outward and provide thermal protection for garbage cracking.

[0034] The power device 12 is composed of an electric motor 58, a reducer 59, and a circular concentric gear ring 60 welded to the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1. The controller 13 controls the forward and reverse rotation of the electric motor 58. The electric motor 58 drives the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1 to rotate 360 ​​degrees at 6 revolutions per minute on four rollers through the reducer 59 and the circular concentric gear ring 60. The garbage 18 loaded in the rotary cracking cylinder 1 is flipped between the heat sink 28 and the heat dissipation plate 20 of several superconducting branch pipes 29, so that the garbage 18 is evenly heated and quickly cracked by heat.

[0035] The working principle of the superconducting garbage harmless rapid continuous cracking treatment device is: the controller is powered on, the power unit 12, centrifuge 14, hydraulic pump 56 and small centrifuge 42 are started, the power unit 12 controls the motor 58 and reducer 59 to make the circular concentric gear ring 6 welded on the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1 rotate 360 ​​degrees, the garbage 18 and catalyst 53 entering the feed cylinder 50 from the feed hopper 51 and the catalyst tank 52 are sent into the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder 1 through the right drum sealer 3, and a garbage plugging section 57 with a sealing effect is formed in the right drum sealer 3. The burner 7, mounted between the insulating jacket 15 below the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1, operates. The heating field surrounds the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1, heating it omnidirectionally as it rotates 360 degrees. Through several highly efficient superconducting heat transfer elements 6, several parallel heat absorbing plates 21 welded to the outer wall of the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1, and several heat dissipation plates 20 on the inner wall of the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1, the heat generated by the burner 7 is rapidly and evenly transferred to the waste 18 within the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1. This heat is then converted into a mixed gas within the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1. The waste heat generated by the burner 7 flows through the chimney 34 above the superconducting rotary cracking tube 1 and into the waste heat recovery unit 10. This heat is then preheated by the incoming cold air, which then flows through the hot air outlet 41, a small centrifuge 42, a warm air duct 43, and a gas mixing valve 26 before entering the burner 7 for waste heat utilization. The mixed gas produced by waste cracking in the superconducting rotary cracking drum 1 enters the re-cracker 8 through the mixed gas outlet 63 and the connected centrifugal blower 14. The mixed gas in the re-cracker 8 undergoes secondary cracking at the high temperature of the burner 7, converting the cracked oil into combustible gas, which is then supplied to the superconducting rotary cracking drum 1 for waste cracking. The waste cracking residue flows from the superconducting rotary cracking drum 1 into the gas collection drum 4 and out through the cracked carbon outlet 17 at the bottom into the water in the water seal tank 11.

Claims

1. A superconducting harmless garbage rapid and continuous cracking treatment device, comprising a superconducting rotary cracking drum (1), a left drum sealer (2), a right drum sealer (3), a gas collecting drum (4), a hydraulic linkage feeder (5), a combined superconducting heat transfer device (6), a burner (7), a re-cracker (8), a condenser (9), a waste heat recovery device (10), a water seal tank (11), a power device (12), a controller (13), a centrifuge (14), a heat insulation jacket (15), and a bracket (16), wherein the device is characterized by: The left end of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) is connected to the left drum sealer (2), and the left drum sealer (2) is connected to the gas collecting cylinder (4) on its left. The gas collecting cylinder (4) is provided with a mixed gas outlet (63) on the top and a cracked carbon outlet (17) on the bottom. The cracked carbon outlet (17) is submerged in the water of the water seal tank (11). The right end of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) is connected to the right drum sealer (3), and the right drum sealer (3) is connected to the hydraulic linkage feeder (5) on its right. A catalyst tank (52) is provided on the hydraulic linkage feeder (5); the gas collecting cylinder (4), the left drum sealer (2), the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1), the right drum sealer (3), and the hydraulic linkage feeder (5) are all horizontally arranged on a concentric axis. The gas collecting cylinder (4), the left drum sealer (2) and the right drum sealer (3) are stationary parts, and the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) is a moving part. When the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) moves, the left drum sealer (2) and the right drum sealer (3) connected at both ends are sealed with the gas collecting cylinder (4) and the hydraulic linkage feeder (5) to prevent air leakage. The superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) is mounted on two rollers (61) at the left end and two rollers (62) at the right end of the bracket (16) at both ends. It can rotate 360 ​​degrees in both directions under the drive of the power device. It can rotate forward to feed garbage and can transport the cracked carbon (19) of the garbage in the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) to the gas collecting cylinder (4). Several wires are welded on the wall of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1). A high-efficiency heat transfer combined superconducting heat transfer device (6) is provided. A plurality of heat dissipation plates (20) are welded on the inner wall of the tube to dissipate heat and to turn the garbage (18) in the superconducting rotary cracking tube (1). A plurality of parallel heat absorbing plates (21) are welded on the outer wall of the tube to absorb heat. The mixed gas (22) generated by the cracking of the garbage (18) in the superconducting rotary cracking tube (1) enters the re-splitter (8) through the gas outlet (63) of the gas collecting tube (4), the mixed gas pipeline (23), and the centrifuge (14), and is secondary cracked under the high temperature generated by the operation of the burner (7). The superconducting rotary cracking tube (1) is surrounded by a heat-insulating jacket (15). The re-splitter (8) and the re-splitter are placed between the heat-insulating jacket (15) and the lower side of the superconducting rotary cracking tube (1). (8) The burner (7) below, the re-cracker (8) is connected to the condenser (9) through the combustible gas pipeline (24), and the condenser (9) is connected to the burner (7) through the flame arrester (25) and the gas mixing valve (26). The condenser (9) condenses the combustible gas sent out by the re-cracker (8) through the condenser (9) to separate the water and the residual cracking oil and then sends it to the burner (7). The hot flue gas waste heat generated by the burner (7) is discharged from the chimney pipe (34) above the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) and performs heat exchange with the connected waste heat recovery device (10). The heated clean air is sent to the gas mixing valve (26) through the warm air pipeline (43) and mixed with the combustible gas sent from the re-cracker (8) in proportion and burned in the burner (7);A plurality of high-efficiency heat transfer joint superconducting heat transfer devices (6) welded on the wall of a superconducting rotary cracking tube (1) are composed of a plurality of parallel and equidistantly arranged joint pipes (27), and a plurality of superconducting branch pipes (29) welded on the joint pipes (27) and equipped with heat sinks (28). The superconducting branch pipes (29) are parallel to each other and vertically connected to the joint pipes (27). A first metal fin (30) is wound on the joint pipes (27). An activated liquid alloy working medium (31) is filled in the joint pipes (27). The liquid alloy working medium (31) is activated by mixing mercury with ultrafine titanium powder and ultrafine nickel powder. The volume of the liquid alloy working medium (31) accounts for 22.5-30% of the internal volume of the joint pipe (27). The evaporation end of the superconducting heat transfer device (6) is a connecting pipe (27) placed outside the wall of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1), and the condensation end is a plurality of superconducting branch pipes (29) welded with heat sinks (28) placed inside the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1). The interior of the plurality of high-efficiency heat transfer connected superconducting heat transfer devices (6) is in a negative pressure state in a non-working state, and in a positive pressure state in a working state. The burner (7) installed between the heat insulation sleeve (15) at the bottom of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) is a row type gas heater, which is composed of a plurality of parallel connected main pipes (32) and nozzles (33) installed on the main pipes (32). The main pipes (32) are the same length as the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1). The burner (7) burns the combustible gas produced by the cracking of garbage, and its heating The field surrounds the superconducting rotary cracking tube (1), and the heating field heats the superconducting rotary cracking tube (1) rotating 360 degrees in all directions. Through a plurality of high-efficiency heat-transferring superconducting heat transfer devices (6) on the superconducting rotary cracking tube (1), a plurality of parallel heat-absorbing plates (21) welded on the outer wall of the tube, and a plurality of heat-dissipating plates (20) inside the superconducting rotary cracking tube, the heat of the combustion gas of the burner (7) is uniformly transferred to the garbage (18) in the superconducting rotary cracking tube (1), so that the garbage (18) is converted from a solid state into a mixed gas of multiple components in the superconducting rotary cracking tube (1). The waste heat generated by the operation of the burner (7) enters the waste heat recovery device (10) connected to the superconducting rotary cracking tube (1) through the chimney pipe (34) above the superconducting rotary cracking tube (1) to perform waste heat recovery. The waste heat recovery device (10) mounted on the upper side of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) and outside the heat-insulating jacket (15) is a waste heat recovery device for the burner (7) of the garbage rapid continuous cracking device, and is composed of an exchange box (35), a middle partition (36), and a plurality of superconducting fin heat transfer tubes (37). The middle partition (36) separates the plurality of superconducting fin heat transfer tubes (37) into two parts, an upper part and an lower part, in the exchange box (35) and connected to the two boxes. The waste heat recovery device air inlet (39) of the lower box (38) is connected to the chimney (34) on the upper side of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1). The hot air outlet (41) of the upper box (40) is connected to the gas mixing valve (26) through a small centrifuge (42) and a warm air pipe (43);The high-temperature waste heat hot air flow from the chimney pipe (34) above the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) enters the waste heat recovery device lower box (38) through the waste heat recovery device air inlet (39), and then is discharged from the air outlet. The heat of the waste heat hot air flow is transferred to the upper box (40) through a plurality of superconducting fin heat transfer tubes (37). The cold air entering from the cold air inlet on the left side of the upper box (40) is preheated and then enters the burner (7) through the hot air outlet (41), the small centrifuge (42), the warm air pipe (43), and the gas mixing valve (26) for waste heat utilization, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the burner (7).

2. A superconducting harmless garbage rapid continuous cracking treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that The re-cracker (8) placed between the lower side of the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) and the heat-insulating jacket (15) is a high-temperature heat exchanger, which is composed of a plurality of heating tubes (44), second metal fins (45) wound on the heating tubes (44) and inlet and outlet connecting pipes. The mixed gas (22) of garbage cracking contains a large amount of cracking oil gas, which cannot be directly burned in the burner (7). The cracking oil gas enters the re-cracker (8) at a high temperature of 700°C, and the cracking oil gas is secondary cracked and reformed with water vapor in the re-cracker (8), thereby increasing the content of combustible gases CO and H2. The combustible gas pipeline (24) enters the burner (7) through the condenser (9), the flame arrester (25), and the gas mixing valve (26) for direct combustion; the high temperature of 700°C is the final cracking temperature of the garbage cracking mixed gas, and the temperature of the mixed gas (22) sent from the centrifuge (14) to the re-cracker (8) is 430°C, with a gas yield of 5%, a liquid yield of 40%, and a cracking residue yield of 55%. The mixed gas (22) is secondary cracked at 700°C in the re-cracker (8) and reformed with water vapor to increase the gas yield to 50%, the liquid yield is only 10%, and the cracking residue is reduced to 40%.

3. The superconducting harmless garbage rapid continuous cracking treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The flame arrester (25) connected to the condenser (9) and the re-splitter (8) is a safety device used to prevent the flame from flashing back into the condenser (9) and the re-splitter (8) when the burner (7) is ignited, thereby causing a flash explosion or detonation of the combustible gas. The flame arrester (25) is composed of a cylinder with flanges at both ends and a dense metal mesh filter element between the two flanges. The metal mesh filter element is composed of 8 to 16 layers of stainless steel perforated plates with holes of 0.23 to 0.315 mm in diameter, or 8 to 16 layers of 16 to 22 mesh metal mesh. There are countless small holes on the flame arrester net, which will not block the passage of the combustible gas during operation. When the combustible gas flashes back, the flame enters the flame arrester and is divided into many fine flame streams by the dense holes of the flame arrester. Due to the heat transfer effect and the wall effect, the flame stream is immediately extinguished, and the flame will not flash back into the condenser (9) and the re-splitter (8).

4. The superconducting harmless garbage rapid continuous cracking treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The condenser (9) is a shell and tube cooler. A cold water inlet (46), a hot water outlet (47), a gas inlet (48), and a gas outlet (49) are arranged on the condenser (9). A re-cracker (8) is connected to the gas inlet (48) of the condenser (9) through a combustible gas pipeline (24). The gas outlet (49) of the condenser (9) is connected to a flame arrester (25) through a pipeline. The condenser (9) uses cold water as a coolant to cool the gas fluid entering the condenser (9) tubes, removes residual moisture and trace cracking oil in the gas, and the moisture and trace cracking oil condensed in the tubes flow out from the drain pipe below the condenser (9).

5. The superconducting harmless garbage rapid continuous cracking treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The hydraulic linkage feeder (5) is composed of a feed barrel (50), a feed hopper (51) and a catalyst tank (52) installed on the feed barrel (50), a catalyst (53) in the catalyst tank (52), a hydraulic piston (54) installed in the feed barrel (50), a push rod (55), and a hydraulic pump (56). The hydraulic pump (56) uses the push rod (55) and the hydraulic piston (54) to send the garbage (18) and the catalyst (53) entering the feed barrel from the feed hopper (51) and the catalyst tank (52) through the right drum sealer (3) into the superconducting rotary cracking barrel (1), and forms a garbage blocking section (57) in the right drum sealer (3) to seal the superconducting rotary cracking barrel (1), so that the superconducting rotary cracking barrel (1) is in a sealed state.

6. The superconducting harmless garbage rapid continuous cracking treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The thermal insulation sleeve surrounding the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) is an inorganic thermal insulation material with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.05W / (mK) and a heat-resistant temperature greater than 1000°C. The thickness of the thermal insulation layer is 15cm to 20cm. It can prevent the temperature on the furnace body from diffusing outwards and provide thermal protection for garbage cracking.

7. The superconducting harmless garbage rapid continuous cracking treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The power device (12) is composed of an electric motor (58), a reducer (59), and a circular concentric gear ring (60) welded on a superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1). A controller (13) controls the forward and reverse rotation of the electric motor (58). The electric motor (58) drives the superconducting rotary cracking cylinder (1) to rotate 360 ​​degrees at 6 revolutions per minute on four rollers through the reducer (59) and the circular concentric gear ring (60). The garbage (18) installed in the rotary cracking cylinder (1) is turned between the heat sinks (28) and the heat dissipation plates (20) of the plurality of superconducting branch pipes (29). The garbage (18) is heated evenly and cracked quickly.

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