A crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic module

Abstract

The present invention provides a crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem photovoltaic module, comprising a front glass, a perovskite cell layer, an upper adhesive film, a crystalline silicon cell layer, a lower adhesive film, and a back glass, stacked sequentially from top to bottom; wherein the crystalline silicon cell layer is located in a vertically projected area of ​​the perovskite cell layer, and the vertically projected area of ​​the perovskite cell layer is not less than the area of ​​the crystalline silicon cell layer; and the circuit loop of the perovskite cell layer is independent of the circuit loop of the crystalline silicon cell layer. The crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem photovoltaic module provided by the present invention independently arranges the circuit loop of the perovskite cell layer and the circuit loop of the crystalline silicon cell layer, allowing the two circuit loops to operate independently. This eliminates the need to consider the current and voltage matching between the perovskite cell layer and the crystalline silicon cell layer during the design process, thereby avoiding the problem of difficulty in matching the current and voltage between the perovskite cell layer and the crystalline silicon cell layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Due to the limited photoelectric conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells, tandem solar cell modules offer a technological direction to fully utilize the spectrum and energy conversion to achieve higher photoelectric conversion efficiency. Perovskite, as an organic-inorganic hybrid material, can have its band gap adjusted through ion substitution, making it an ideal material for tandem solar cells. It can be stacked on top of crystalline silicon cells to form a crystalline silicon-perovskite solar cell module, thereby improving the efficiency of the solar module.

[0003] At present, the crystalline silicon cell layer and the perovskite thin-film cell layer in the crystalline silicon-perovskite photovoltaic module all adopt a module structure with two-end wires connected in series or parallel. According to the material properties of the perovskite cell, the decay rate of the perovskite cell is greater than that of the crystalline silicon cell, and the temperature change has different effects on the current and voltage of the top perovskite cell layer and the bottom crystalline silicon cell layer, resulting in the current and voltage of the perovskite cell layer and the crystalline silicon cell layer being difficult to fully match, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency and service life of the crystalline silicon-perovskite module. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by the present invention is that in the existing crystalline silicon-perovskite components, the current and voltage of the perovskite cell layer and the crystalline silicon cell layer are difficult to fully match.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic module, comprising a front glass, a perovskite cell layer, an upper adhesive film, a crystalline silicon cell layer, a lower adhesive film and a back glass stacked in sequence from top to bottom; wherein the crystalline silicon cell layer is located in the vertical projection area of ​​the perovskite cell layer, and the vertical projection area of ​​the perovskite cell layer is not less than the area of ​​the crystalline silicon cell layer; the circuit loop of the perovskite cell layer is independent of the circuit loop of the crystalline silicon cell layer.

[0006] Optionally, the thickness of the upper adhesive film is not less than 1 mm; and the distance between the edge of the perovskite cell layer and the edge of the front glass is not less than 11 mm.

[0007] Optionally, the circuit lead-out lines of the perovskite cell layer and the circuit lead-out lines of the crystalline silicon cell layer are located in different areas.

[0008] Optionally, the perovskite battery layer includes at least two perovskite battery groups connected in parallel; each of the perovskite battery groups includes a plurality of perovskite batteries connected in series or in series-parallel.

[0009] Optionally, the circuit leads of the perovskite cell layer are located on the same side of the photovoltaic module.

[0010] Optionally, the crystalline silicon cell layer includes two crystalline silicon cell groups connected in parallel; the crystalline silicon cell group includes a plurality of crystalline silicon cells connected in series.

[0011] Optionally, the circuit lead-out line of the crystalline silicon cell layer is located in the middle of the photovoltaic module.

[0012] Optionally, the perovskite cell layer and the crystalline silicon cell layer are stacked in order of energy gap from large to small to form a stacked structure.

[0013] Optionally, the energy gap of the perovskite cell layer is 1.4 to 2 times the energy gap of the crystalline silicon cell layer.

[0014] Optionally, the short-circuit current density of the perovskite cell layer is smaller than the short-circuit current density of the crystalline silicon cell layer.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem photovoltaic module provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] The crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem photovoltaic module provided by the present invention independently sets the circuit loop of the perovskite cell layer and the circuit loop of the crystalline silicon cell layer, so that the two circuit loops operate independently. Therefore, there is no need to consider the current and voltage matching problem between the perovskite cell layer and the crystalline silicon cell layer during the design process. While avoiding the problem of difficulty in matching the current and voltage between the perovskite cell layer and the crystalline silicon cell layer, the design and manufacturing process of the crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem photovoltaic module is simplified, and the design and manufacturing difficulty is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of the mesocrystalline silicon-perovskite tandem photovoltaic module of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A top view of the perovskite cell layer in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 The top view of the crystalline silicon cell layer of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 4 The top view of the crystalline silicon cell layer of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0021] Description of reference numerals:

[0022] 1-Front glass; 2-Perovskite cell layer; 21-Perovskite cell positive electrode lead wire; 22-Perovskite cell negative electrode lead wire; 3-Upper film; 4-Crystalline silicon cell layer; 41-Crystalline silicon cell group; 42-Crystalline silicon cell positive electrode lead wire; 43-Crystalline silicon cell negative electrode lead wire; 5-Lower film; 6-Back glass. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Existing crystalline silicon-perovskite photovoltaic modules all adopt a module structure with wires at both ends connected in series or parallel. That is, the circuits of the crystalline silicon cell layer and the perovskite cell layer are usually connected in series or parallel. Photovoltaic modules with this design need to solve the problem of mismatch between the operating current and operating voltage of the perovskite cell layer and the crystalline silicon cell layer.

[0026] In order to solve the problem that the current and voltage of the perovskite cell layer and the crystalline silicon cell layer are difficult to fully match, the present invention provides a crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic module, see Figure 1 As shown, the crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic module includes a front glass 1, a perovskite cell layer 2, an upper adhesive film 3, a crystalline silicon cell layer 4, a lower adhesive film 5 and a back glass 6 stacked in sequence from top to bottom; wherein the perovskite cell layer 2 is a light-transmitting power generation perovskite cell layer, and the perovskite cell layer 2 is located on the inner surface of the front glass 1, and the crystalline silicon cell layer 4 is located in the vertical projection area of ​​the perovskite cell layer 2, and the vertical projection area of ​​the perovskite cell layer 2 is not less than the area of ​​the crystalline silicon cell layer 4, so as to maximize the use of sunlight through the perovskite cell layer 2 and the crystalline silicon cell layer 4; the circuit loop of the perovskite cell layer 2 and the circuit loop of the crystalline silicon cell layer 4 are independent of each other.

[0027] In the present application, the circuit loop of the perovskite battery layer 2 and the circuit loop of the crystalline silicon battery layer 4 are independent of each other, specifically referring to that the perovskite battery layer 2 and the crystalline silicon battery layer 4 are respectively provided with corresponding positive and negative lead lines, and each forms a circuit loop that is independent of each other, that is, the positive lead line and the negative lead line of the perovskite battery layer 2 form a perovskite battery layer circuit loop, and at the same time, the positive lead line and the negative lead line of the crystalline silicon battery layer 4 form a crystalline silicon battery layer circuit loop. The above-mentioned perovskite battery layer circuit loop and the crystalline silicon battery layer circuit loop are independent of each other and are not connected, thereby avoiding the problem that the current and voltage of the perovskite battery layer and the crystalline silicon battery layer are difficult to fully match.

[0028] The crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked photovoltaic module provided by the present invention independently sets the circuit loop of the perovskite cell layer 2 and the circuit loop of the crystalline silicon cell layer 4, so that the two circuit loops operate independently. Therefore, there is no need to consider the current and voltage matching problem between the perovskite cell layer 2 and the crystalline silicon cell layer 4 during the design process. While avoiding the problem of difficulty in matching the current and voltage between the perovskite cell layer and the crystalline silicon cell layer, the design and manufacturing process of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked photovoltaic module is simplified, reducing the difficulty of design and manufacturing.

[0029] In this application, the materials of the front glass 1, perovskite cell layer 2, upper film 3, crystalline silicon cell layer 4, lower film 5 and back glass 6 can all be selected according to existing technology; wherein the upper film 3 is arranged between the perovskite cell layer 2 and the crystalline silicon cell layer 4. In order to avoid mutual influence between the circuit loop of the perovskite cell layer and the circuit loop of the crystalline silicon cell layer, this application preferably has a thickness of the upper film 3 of not less than 1 mm.

[0030] Furthermore, the present application preferably has a distance between the edge of the perovskite cell layer 2 and the edge of the front glass 1 of not less than 11 mm.

[0031] In order to further avoid the influence between the circuit loop of the perovskite cell layer and the circuit loop of the crystalline silicon cell layer, the present application preferably arranges the circuit lead lines of the perovskite cell layer 2 and the circuit lead lines of the crystalline silicon cell layer 4 in different areas.

[0032] Specifically, the perovskite battery layer 2 in the present application includes at least two perovskite battery groups connected in parallel; each perovskite battery group includes a plurality of perovskite batteries connected in series or in series-parallel; the number of perovskite battery groups and the number of perovskite batteries can be determined according to demand.

[0033] For further information, see Figure 2As shown, in order to facilitate the lead-out of the circuit, the present application preferably locates the circuit lead-out lines of the perovskite cell layer 2 on the same side of the photovoltaic module, that is, the perovskite cell positive electrode lead-out line 31 and the perovskite cell negative electrode lead-out line 22 of the perovskite cell layer 2 are located on the head side or tail side of the photovoltaic module at the same time.

[0034] Each perovskite cell includes a calcium conductive coating layer, an electron transport layer, a titanium ore material layer, a hole transport layer and a metal electrode layer, wherein the conductive coating layer is coated on the front glass substrate, the electron transport layer is arranged between the conductive coating layer and the perovskite material layer, and the hole transport layer is arranged between the perovskite material layer and the metal electrode layer. The perovskite material layer and the metal electrode layer are both transparent materials and transparent electrodes.

[0035] See also Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, the crystalline silicon cell layer 4 in this application includes two parallel-connected crystalline silicon cell groups 41; the crystalline silicon cell group 41 includes multiple series-connected crystalline silicon cells. The crystalline silicon cells in this application can be various types of standard uniformly cut crystalline silicon cells, such as PERC, HJT, Topcon, etc.

[0036] For further information, see Figure 4 As shown, the present application preferably locates the circuit lead wires of the crystalline silicon cell layer 4 in the middle of the photovoltaic module, that is, the crystalline silicon cell positive electrode lead wire 42 and the crystalline silicon cell negative electrode lead wire 43 are both located in the middle of the photovoltaic module.

[0037] In order to facilitate the extraction of the circuit loop, corresponding hole structures are provided on the side and the middle of the front glass 1 in the present application.

[0038] In order to improve the efficiency of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked photovoltaic module, the present application preferably stacks the perovskite cell layer 2 and the crystalline silicon cell layer 4 in the order of energy gap from large to small to form a stacked structure, so as to maximize the use of sunlight and improve the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0039] That is, the present application preferably adjusts the band gap of the perovskite cell so that the energy gap of the upper perovskite cell layer 2 is larger than the energy gap of the lower crystalline silicon cell layer 4, so that during the operation of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked photovoltaic module, short-wavelength light can be absorbed by the upper perovskite cell layer 2 with a wide band gap, and long-wavelength light can be projected through the perovskite cell layer 2 and enter the lower crystalline silicon cell layer 4, and be absorbed by the narrow-band gap crystalline silicon cell layer 4. In this way, by adjusting and optimizing the band gap of the cell layer stacked structure, the upper perovskite cell layer 2 and the lower crystalline silicon cell layer 4 absorb different parts of the solar spectrum through the band gap, which can maximize the use of sunlight, improve the utilization rate of the spectrum, and improve the performance and stability of the crystalline silicon-perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0040] Specifically, the present application preferably provides that the band gap of the perovskite battery layer 2 can be flexibly adjusted between 1.55 eV and 2.75 eV through chemical regulation.

[0041] To ensure the utilization of the spectrum, the present application prefers that the energy gap of the perovskite cell layer 2 is 1.4 to 2 times the energy gap of the crystalline silicon cell layer 4; and further prefers that the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of the perovskite cell layer 2 is smaller than the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of the crystalline silicon cell layer 4.

[0042] The crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked photovoltaic module provided in the present application can be manufactured by the following method: after laying the lower layer of adhesive film 5 on the back glass 6, the crystalline silicon cell layer 4, the upper layer of adhesive film 3, and the front glass coated with the perovskite cell layer 2 are laid, and then the stacked components are placed in a laminator for lamination, thereby obtaining crystalline silicon-perovskite cell modules that are independent of each other and have separate output lines.

[0043] This application further describes the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked photovoltaic module in detail through specific examples.

[0044] As shown in Table 1, the crystalline silicon cell in this embodiment uses an HJT cell with a relatively low utilization rate in the absorption spectrum range of 300nm to 600nm, and the optical band gap of the perovskite cell layer 2 is selected as 1.55eV, 1.65V, 1.75eV, 1.9eV, 2.05eV, 2.25eV, and 2.45eV for simulation calculations.

[0045] When sunlight is incident on the crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic module, the light of 300-500nm, 300-550nm, 300-600nm, 300-650nm, 300-700nm, 300-750nm, and 300-800nm ​​incident on the crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic module is absorbed by the perovskite cell layer 2 arranged on the upper layer, while the light of 500-1100nm, 550-1100nm, 600-1100nm transmitted through the perovskite cell layer 2 is absorbed by the perovskite cell layer 2. , 650-1100nm, 700-1100nm, 750-1200nm, and 800-1100nm are absorbed by the crystalline silicon cell layer 4 arranged at the lower layer. Through simulation calculations, it is concluded that when the incident light of 300-600nm on the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked photovoltaic module is absorbed by the perovskite cell layer 2 arranged at the upper layer, and the light of 600-1100nm is absorbed by the crystalline silicon solar cell layer 4 arranged at the lower layer, the solar spectrum can be better utilized to obtain a module efficiency of 30.8%.

[0046] A perovskite battery layer 2 with a band gap of 2.05 eV is coated on the inner surface of the front glass 1 substrate through chemical modulation, and the distance from the edge of the glass substrate is not less than 11 mm. The transparent perovskite battery layer 2 is composed of multiple perovskite battery units of equal area connected in series and / or in parallel to form a battery circuit. The positive and negative electrodes of the perovskite battery are led out from the edge with a bus bar, and the positive and negative electrodes are located on the same side of the head or tail of the crystalline silicon-perovskite component. An opening is provided at the head or tail position of the back glass 6 of the component. The bus bar passes through the opening and is connected to the junction box, and the positive and negative electrodes of the perovskite battery layer 2 are led out from the junction box.

[0047] The crystalline silicon cell layer 4 consists of two identically structured crystalline silicon cell groups 41, one above the other. Each cell group 41 consists of six cells connected in series. Each cell string is formed by connecting half a cell in series. The two crystalline silicon cell groups 41 are connected in parallel to form a battery circuit. The busbar connecting the upper and lower crystalline silicon cell groups 41 in parallel is located between the upper and lower halves, in the middle of the module. An opening is provided in the middle of the module's rear glass 6. The busbar passes through the opening and connects to the junction box, from which the positive and negative electrodes of the crystalline silicon cell layer 4 are led.

[0048]

[0049] Although the present disclosure is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It comprises front glass (1), a perovskite cell layer (2), an upper adhesive film (3), a crystalline silicon cell layer (4), a lower adhesive film (5) and back glass (6) which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom; wherein The crystalline silicon cell layer (4) is located in a vertical projection area of ​​the perovskite cell layer (2), and the vertical projection area of ​​the perovskite cell layer (2) is not less than the area of ​​the crystalline silicon cell layer (4); the circuit loop of the perovskite cell layer (2) and the circuit loop of the crystalline silicon cell layer (4) are independent of each other; the circuit lead-out line of the perovskite cell layer (2) and the circuit lead-out line of the crystalline silicon cell layer (4) are located in different areas; the perovskite cell layer (2) includes at least two perovskite cell groups connected in parallel; each of the perovskite cell groups includes a plurality of perovskite cells connected in series or in series-parallel; the crystalline silicon cell layer (4) includes two crystalline silicon cell groups connected in parallel; and the crystalline silicon cell group includes a plurality of crystalline silicon cells connected in series.

2. The crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the upper adhesive film (3) is not less than 1 mm; the distance between the edge of the perovskite cell layer (2) and the edge of the front glass (1) is not less than 11 mm.

3. The crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit lead-out lines of the perovskite cell layer (2) are located on the same side of the photovoltaic module.

4. The crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit lead-out line of the crystalline silicon cell layer (4) is located in the middle of the photovoltaic module.

5. The crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The perovskite cell layer (2) and the crystalline silicon cell layer (4) are stacked in order of energy gap from large to small to form a stacked structure.

6. The crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The energy gap of the perovskite cell layer (2) is 1.4 to 2 times the energy gap of the crystalline silicon cell layer (4).

7. The crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The short-circuit current density of the perovskite cell layer (2) is smaller than the short-circuit current density of the crystalline silicon cell layer (4).

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