Anti-vibration structure of copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine and its working condition detection method

Abstract

The present invention provides an anti-shake structure for a copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine and a method for detecting its working condition. The anode plate mold is arranged at the peripheral portion of the disc. The bottom surface of the disc is connected to an inner gear ring. The inner gear ring is meshed with a power gear. The inner gear ring is connected to a damping unit. The force applied by the damping unit to the inner gear ring drives the inner gear ring to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction applied by the power gear to the inner gear ring and drives the inner gear ring to rotate. In the detection method for the operating condition of the anti-shake copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine, the controller outputs a control signal to set the speed of the active servo motor that drives the power gear; the active servo motor speed signal sensor uses the actual speed of the active servo motor; and the set speed and actual speed of the active servo motor are compared. The core of the above scheme is to collect the actual speed of the active servo motor and compare it with the known set speed of the active servo motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an anti-vibration structure of a copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine and a detection method for its operating state, and specifically to an anti-vibration copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine and a detection method for its operating condition. Background Art

[0002] The copper anode plate disc casting machine is an important equipment in copper smelters. Molten copper is poured into the copper mold on the disc. The copper liquid gradually cools and forms the anode plate and is taken away. The anode plate copper molds are arranged around the disc. As the disc rotates intermittently, each anode plate copper mold reaches the casting position one by one to complete the casting, thus realizing continuous production.

[0003] The transmission mechanism that drives the disc to rotate includes an inner gear ring connected to the disc and a power gear meshing with the inner gear ring. In order to improve the casting efficiency, the diameter of the disc is large. Due to the inevitable processing errors and the high temperature, high humidity and dust dispersion in the casting environment, the wear of the inner gear ring and the power gear is prominent, and the inner gear ring and the power gear cannot maintain a stable meshing state. The gap between the teeth causes the disc to swing or jitter in the circumferential direction, and the frequency and amplitude of the swing gradually increase, causing uneven protrusions or corrugated surfaces to form on the surface of the molten copper during the process of solidifying into a copper plate, namely the anode plate, and wavy edges to appear on the ears of the anode plate. The anode plate cannot meet the basic appearance requirements in the quality inspection standards. In severe cases, the anode plate will be scrapped. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The primary purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-vibration structure for a copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine to ensure the smooth rotation of the disc on which the anode plate mold is arranged, and to ensure that the anode plate mold stops promptly and stably at the set stop position.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an anti-vibration structure for a copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine, wherein the anode plate mold is arranged at the peripheral part of the disc, the bottom surface of the disc is connected to an inner ring gear, and the inner ring gear is meshed with a power gear. It is characterized in that: the inner ring gear is connected to a damping unit, and the force applied by the damping unit to the inner ring gear drives the inner ring gear to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction applied by the power gear to the inner ring gear and drives the inner ring gear to rotate.

[0006] In the above scheme, the inner ring gear and the power gear are meshed with each other, and the power gear driven by the active motor drives the inner ring gear to accelerate and start, and decelerate and stop. When the active motor and the power gear stop rotating, the force applied by the damping unit to the inner ring gear is used to limit the positive and negative shaking of the inner ring gear in the circumferential direction, thereby improving the smoothness of the inner ring gear shutdown process, effectively eliminating the forming defects such as protrusions or lines formed on the surface of the anode plate after solidification, and improving the forming quality of the anode plate.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting the operating conditions of the above-mentioned copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine to ensure that the anti-shake copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine operates normally.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for detecting the operating condition of the copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine, characterized in that: a controller outputs a control signal to set the speed of the active servo motor that drives the power gear; the active servo motor speed signal sensor uses the actual speed of the active servo motor; and the set speed and actual speed of the active servo motor are compared.

[0009] The core of the above scheme is to collect the actual speed of the active servo motor and compare it with the known set speed of the active servo motor. Naturally, it is possible to know whether the active servo motor is running in a state consistent with the set operating state. If so, it should be maintained; if not, it needs to be repaired. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 is a top view of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in a top view;

[0012] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the control system of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 4 It is the servo main motor speed sampling curve of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 5 is the servo motor speed sampling curve of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 6 It is the speed sampling curve of the servo main motor when the fault is significant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Example 1

[0017] Combine Figure 1 As shown, an anti-vibration structure of a copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine is shown. The anode plate mold 1 is arranged on the periphery of the disc 2. The bottom surface of the disc 2 is connected to an inner ring gear 10. The inner ring gear 10 is engaged with a power gear 20. The inner ring gear 10 is connected to a damping unit. The force applied by the damping unit to the inner ring gear 10 drives the inner ring gear 10 to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction applied by the power gear 20 to the inner ring gear 10 and drives the inner ring gear 10 to rotate.

[0018] By meshing the inner ring gear 10 with the power gear 20, the inner ring gear 10 drives the disc 2 to rotate intermittently, and the anode plate mold 1 will also perform intermittent indexing synchronously. When a certain anode plate mold 1 reaches the bottom of the liquid outlet of the chute, it receives the copper liquid and leaves after receiving the copper liquid. At the same time, the next anode plate mold 1 arrives at the bottom of the liquid outlet of the chute and receives the copper liquid, thus completing the casting of the anode plate. During the process of the power gear 20 driving the inner ring gear 10 to accelerate and start, and decelerate and stop, the force applied by the damping unit to the inner ring gear 10 drives the inner ring gear 10 to rotate in the opposite direction to the direction applied by the power gear 20 to the inner ring gear 10 and drives the inner ring gear 10 to rotate, thereby avoiding the occurrence of shaking of the inner ring gear 10.

[0019] As a damping unit, there are two preferred solutions, both of which use the damping gear 30 as the main component, but the source of the damping force provided is different. The details are as follows:

[0020] First, the damping unit includes a damping gear 30 , and the wheel shaft or wheel disc connected to the damping gear 30 forms a friction damping fit with the friction plate.

[0021] Secondly, the damping unit includes a damping gear 30, which is driven to rotate by a driven servo motor 31. The speed at which the damping gear 30 is driven by the inner gear ring 10 driven by the power gear 20 is greater than the speed at which the damping gear 30 is driven by the driven servo motor 31.

[0022] In the friction damping solution of Option 1, due to the existence of friction, the friction wear parts need to be repaired and replaced in a timely manner. In Option 2, there is no need to worry about the repair and maintenance workload caused by the friction pair.

[0023] In the second solution, a driven servo motor 31 is selected to drive the damping gear 30, which can meet the requirements of real-time adjustment and following, and avoid the noise and accelerated wear caused by friction. For the servo motor, it is convenient to control its speed through a controller.

[0024] According to the actual working conditions, the power gear 20 and the damping gear 30 can be selected from gears of the same specifications. Of course, gears with nominal sizes and different numbers of teeth whose modules meet the meshing requirements can also be selected to achieve a damping effect when the power gear 20 drags the inner ring gear 10 to rotate.

[0025] Preferably, the linear velocity of the meshing point between the inner gear ring 10 and the damping gear 30 at the set speed is less than the linear velocity of the meshing point between the inner gear ring 10 and the power gear 20 at the set speed. Figure 2 Direction shown for normal operation.

[0026] The above scheme can also be understood as follows: under the set speed condition of the damping gear 30, the linear velocity of the meshing point of the inner ring gear 10 and the damping gear 30 when they are engaged alone is V20; when the inner ring gear 10 is engaged with the power gear 20 and the damping gear 30 at the set speed, the actual linear velocity of the damping gear 30 at the meshing point with the inner ring gear 10 is V21, and V20 < V21. In other words, the inner ring gear 10 will drag the damping gear 30 to rotate at a speed greater than its set speed. Of course, the inner ring gear 10 also always maintains meshing with the tooth surface on the same side of the power gear 20. At this time, the shaking phenomenon caused by the alternating meshing of the tooth surfaces of the inner ring gear 10 and the power gear 20 on both sides is eliminated.

[0027] Given the kinematic relationship between linear velocity, gear radius, and rotational speed, the present invention provides the following preferred solution: the damping gear 30 and the power gear 20 have the same number of teeth and nominal dimensions, are set to the same direction of rotation, and have a set rotational speed lower than that of the power gear 20. While the number of teeth and nominal dimensions of the damping gear 30 and the power gear 20 can differ, if they are identical, spare parts inventory can be reduced and the difference between the actual and set rotational speeds can be measured using rotational speed, greatly facilitating signal acquisition and processing.

[0028] In the above scheme, the force analysis of the inner gear ring 10 shows that the power gear 20 provides a positive force and the damping gear 30 provides a reverse force, but the positive force is greater than the reverse force, and the direction of the resultant force on the inner gear ring 10 is positive, that is, Figure 2 The direction indicated by the turning arrow is counterclockwise.

[0029] For ease of understanding, in other words, the driven servo motor 31 connected to the damping gear 30 is dragged by the inner ring 10 to rotate, that is, the actual speed of the driven servo motor 31 is greater than its set speed, which appears to be the damping gear 30 applying a braking external force on the inner ring 10, so the driving wheel motor 21 can only run at a speed lower than the set speed.

[0030] The advantage of the above scheme is that the operating status of the inner gear ring 10 and the anode plate mold 1 is measured and observed using the speed signal of the servo motor. Therefore, the operating status of the inner gear ring 10 is detected timely and accurately, and even slight shaking can be detected. It is also beneficial to detect the trend of shaking, and can display the development trend of the severity of shaking, and can predictively judge the operating status of the equipment.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] During equipment operation, wear of the mechanical transmission pair inevitably causes the tooth profile of the inner gear ring 10 and other components to decrease, correspondingly increasing the backlash. When the tooth profile decreases to a point beyond the backlash range that can be compensated by the coordination of the master and slave servo motors 21 and 31, the disc 2 inevitably vibrates back and forth in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions during operation. Due to the high fluidity of molten copper, significant disc jitter can cause uneven protrusions or lines to form on the surface of the copper as it solidifies into anode plates, resulting in undulating edges on the anode plate ears. In the early stages of equipment operation, even if there is any wobbling, its frequency and amplitude are very small, making it difficult to detect manually during inspections. By the time an inspector detects it, the wobbling is often already severe, necessitating shutdown and maintenance, forcing the anode furnace smelting process to be revised, inevitably impacting production. Therefore, the present invention also provides a detection method for timely and predictable detection of the operating status of the inner gear ring 10, or disc 2, to provide coordinated production and maintenance arrangements for the associated production system.

[0033] The present invention provides the following detection method, namely, a method for detecting the operating condition of a copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine, wherein a controller 40 outputs a control signal to set the speed of an active servo motor 21 that drives a power gear 20; a speed signal sensor 22 of the active servo motor 21 uses the actual speed of the active servo motor 21; and the set speed and actual speed of the active servo motor 21 are compared.

[0034] The above scheme is to collect the set speed and actual speed of the active servo motor 21. Under the action of the damping unit or preferably the damping gear 30, there is a difference between the set speed and the actual speed of the active servo motor 21. This difference corresponds to the operating state of the anode plate mold 1, and its operating state is directly related to the molding quality of the anode plate. During normal operation, the servo motor speed is set to change between 0 and 4000 RPM. Compared with the position change of the inner gear ring 10 of less than half a turn per minute, the change in the displacement in the circumferential direction is difficult to detect, especially the displacement change in the circumferential direction cannot be effectively detected. Therefore, the corresponding degree of shaking is difficult to identify and determine. However, the degree of shaking in the present invention is very easy to express by using the change in the servo motor speed.

[0035] The damping gear 30 has the same number of teeth and nominal size as the power gear 20, the set direction of the damping gear 30 and the power gear 20 is the same, and the set speed of the damping gear 30 is less than the set speed of the power gear 20; the controller 40 outputs a control signal to set the speed of the driven servo motor 31 that drives the damping gear 30, and the speed signal sensor 32 of the driven servo motor 31 adopts the actual speed of the driven servo motor 31; and compares the set speed and actual speed of the driven servo motor 31.

[0036] The damping gear 30 and the power gear 20 use the same number of teeth and nominal size, as well as the advantages and effects of setting and collecting the rotational speed, as shown in Example 1.

[0037] The above scheme is based on the comparison of the set speed and actual speed of the active servo motor 21, and further compares the set speed and actual speed of the driven servo motor 31. In this way, the operating conditions of the active servo motor 21 and the driven servo motor 31 are ensured, and the meshing state of the corresponding damping gear 30, power gear 20 and inner ring 10 is fully controlled, that is, not only the influence of the wear of the power gear 20 and the inner ring 10 on the meshing state between the two is controlled, but also the influence of the wear of the damping gear 30 and the inner ring 10 on the meshing state between the two is controlled.

[0038] For the sake of image and intuition, the actual speed curve of the active servo motor 21 displayed by the oscilloscope 50 repeatedly crosses the vicinity of the set speed curve of the active servo motor 21. If the crossing line has no "burr" feature, it is judged that the operation is stable. If the crossing line has a "burr" feature, it is judged that the operation is unstable.

[0039] The above solution is to vividly express the complex and difficult-to-define shaking frequency and amplitude by whether there are "burrs" in the image.

[0040] Figure 4 It is a speed sampling curve diagram of the active servo motor 21 during normal operation. The sampling curve during normal operation is approximately a smooth cosine curve. The set speed is n1, and the actual speed is n2. When the operation is normal, it can be considered that n2 = n1. The set speed value and the feedback value are approximately a curve, which reflects the smooth change of the acceleration of the system at any time, thereby avoiding the shaking of the molten copper in the disc casting machine caused by sudden changes in speed.

[0041] Preferably, the controller 40 outputs a setting signal for driving the speed of the active servo motor 21 and collects a signal fed back by the encoder 22 of the active servo motor 21 as an actual speed signal;

[0042] At the same time or afterwards, the controller 40 outputs a setting signal for driving the rotational speed of the driven servo motor 31 and collects the feedback signal of the encoder 22 of the active servo motor 21 as an actual rotational speed signal.

[0043] Directly using the encoder of the servo motor itself as a speed signal acquisition sensor not only saves component costs, but more importantly, eliminates the need for positioning and installing an additional speed acquisition sensor, while simplifying the layout of signal lines.

[0044] like Figure 5As shown, in the normal operation state, the given speed curve of the active servo motor 21 basically coincides with the actual speed curve fed back by the encoder 22. At the moment of startup, the active servo motor 21 drives the internal gear ring 10 to rotate. There is a certain lag when the driven servo motor 31 follows the movement of the active servo motor 21. Before point A, a jump occurs due to mechanical clearance and inertia. However, within about 0.2 s, the driven servo motor 31 intervenes in the operation. At point B, the actual speed feedback curve quickly approaches the given curve, and a meshing force is generated at point B. In the BC section, the main and driven servo motors 21 and 31 maintain ramp acceleration, and the two curves basically coincide during this period. Since the active servo motor 21 controls the speed and the driven servo motor 31 controls the torque, in order to ensure that the driven servo motor 31 applies sufficient damping force during high-speed operation, a speed difference gradually occurs between the given speeds of the active servo motor 21 and the driven servo motor 31 in the CD section. At point D, it is the maximum speed point, and the actual speeds of the main and driven servo motors 21 and 31 are jointly stabilized at about 1600 RPM. The DE section is a deceleration ramp. As the speed slows down, it starts to search for the alignment position of the casting position, and the given speed gradually approaches the actual speed fed back until they basically coincide.

[0045] The actual speed curve of the driven servo motor 31 displayed by the oscilloscope 50 repeatedly crosses near the set speed curve of the driven servo motor 31. If the crossing line has no "burr" feature, it is determined to be operating stably; if the crossing line shows "burr" features, it is determined to be operating unstably.

[0046] <SOUND>The abnormal operation situation corresponding to the active servo motor 21 during a fault is shown. Due to vibration, the actual position shifts, which is fed back to the servo system, resulting in continuous adjustment of speed tracking, causing the given speed curve not to be a smooth cosine curve, showing the phenomenon of n2 < n1, and the curve has "burrs".

[0047] Preferably, the time interval between two acquisitions of the set speed and actual speed signals of the active servo motor 21 is 10 ms.

[0048] The time interval between two acquisitions of the set speed and actual speed signals of the driven servo motor 31 is 10 ms.

[0049] Adopting the above time interval to implement speed signal acquisition is beneficial to timely detect the operation state of the equipment. If there are operation faults that affect the quality of anode plate casting, they will be predicted in advance. The present invention provides new data references for preventive maintenance in the overall production arrangement of the smelting system.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the operating condition of a copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine, characterized by: The anode plate mold (1) is arranged at the peripheral portion of the disk (2), the bottom surface of the disk (2) is connected to an inner gear ring (10), the inner gear ring (10) is connected to a power gear (20), and the inner gear ring (10) is connected to a damping unit, and the force applied by the damping unit to the inner gear ring (10) drives the inner gear ring (10) to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction applied by the power gear (20) to the inner gear ring (10) and drives the inner gear ring (10) to rotate; The power gear (20) is driven by the active servo motor (21), and the damping gear (30) in the damping unit is driven to rotate by the driven servo motor (31); The internal gear ring (10) driven by the power gear (20) drives the damping gear (30) to rotate at a speed greater than the speed at which the damping gear (30) is driven by the driven servo motor (31); The damping gear (30) has the same number of teeth and nominal size as the power gear (20), the damping gear (30) has the same set direction of rotation as the power gear (20), and the set speed of the damping gear (30) is less than the set speed of the power gear (20); The controller (40) outputs a control signal to set the rotational speed of the active servo motor (21) driving the power gear (20); the rotational speed signal sensor (22) of the active servo motor (21) collects the actual rotational speed of the active servo motor (21); and compares the set rotational speed and the actual rotational speed of the active servo motor (21); The controller (40) outputs a control signal to set the rotational speed of the driven servo motor (31) driving the damping gear (30); the rotational speed signal sensor (32) of the driven servo motor (31) collects the actual rotational speed of the driven servo motor (31); and compares the set rotational speed of the driven servo motor (31) with the actual rotational speed.

2. The method for detecting the operating condition of a copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actual speed curve of the active servo motor (21) displayed by the oscilloscope (50) repeatedly crosses near the set speed curve of the active servo motor (21). If the crossing line has no "burr" feature, it is determined that the operation is stable. If the crossing line has a "burr" feature, it is determined that the operation is unstable.

3. The method for detecting the operating condition of a copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The actual speed curve of the driven servo motor (31) displayed by the oscilloscope repeatedly crosses near the set speed curve of the driven servo motor (31). If the crossing line has no "burr" feature, it is determined that the operation is stable. If the crossing line has a "burr" feature, it is determined that the operation is unstable.

4. The method for detecting the operating condition of a copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controller (40) outputs a setting signal for driving the rotational speed of the active servo motor (21) and collects a signal fed back by a rotational speed signal sensor (22) of the active servo motor (21) as an actual rotational speed signal; At the same time or afterwards, the controller (40) outputs a setting signal for driving the rotational speed of the driven servo motor (31) and collects a feedback signal of a rotational speed signal sensor (32) of the driven servo motor (31) as an actual rotational speed signal.

5. The method for detecting the operating condition of a copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The time interval between two acquisitions of the set speed and actual speed signals of the active servo motor (21) is 10ms.

6. The method for detecting the operating condition of a copper smelting anode plate disc casting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The time interval between two acquisitions of the set speed and actual speed signals of the driven servo motor (31) is 10ms.

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