Backlight module, display module, driving method and display device

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a backlight module, comprising: a dynamic light-emitting unit array, a collimating film, a dynamic slit grating, and a lens array; the dynamic light-emitting unit array is configured to determine a view corresponding to each frame of image according to a display mode, and a light-emitting unit that provides backlight for the image frame corresponding to the view; the collimating film is configured to collimate the light emitted by the light-emitting unit and incident on the grating; the grating is configured to determine a view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, determine parameters of the grating according to the view, use the barrier of the grating to block the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting unit, and control the position and beam width of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit relative to the lens after passing through the grating; the lens array is configured to refract the beam passing through the grating to generate backlight pointing in the target direction corresponding to the view; the display mode includes at least one of the following: a single-view mode, a dual-view mode, and a multi-view mode. The present disclosure can achieve directional backlight in one or more directions under multiple display modes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a backlight module, a display module, a driving method, and a display device. Background Art

[0002] Dual-view display technology can use a grating to display two images simultaneously displayed on a display in different directions in front of the display.

[0003] Some stereoscopic displays illuminate the odd and even pixel arrays of a display panel through a grating or cover the corresponding odd and even pixel arrays, so as to achieve seeing the odd pixel array and the even pixel array at different left and right angles respectively, thereby realizing dual-view display.

[0004] However, since the odd and even pixel columns of the display panel display different pictures simultaneously, the image resolution during dual-view display is half of that of a normal display image. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a backlight module, including: a dynamic light-emitting unit array, a collimating film, a dynamic slit grating, and a lens array; the dynamic light-emitting unit array includes a plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array; the lens array includes a plurality of lenses arranged in an array;

[0006] The dynamic light-emitting unit array is configured to determine a view corresponding to each frame of image according to a display mode, and provide backlight for the image frame corresponding to the view;

[0007] The collimating film is configured to make the light emitted by the light-emitting unit collimated and incident on the dynamic slit grating;

[0008] The dynamic slit grating is configured to determine a view corresponding to each frame of image according to a display mode, determine parameters of the dynamic slit grating according to the view, use the barrier of the dynamic slit grating to block the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting unit, and control the position and beam width of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit relative to the lens after passing through the dynamic slit grating;

[0009] The lens array is configured to refract the light beam after passing through the dynamic slit grating to generate backlight pointing to a target direction corresponding to the view;

[0010] Wherein, the display mode includes at least one of the following: single-view mode, dual-view mode, and multi-view mode.

[0011] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display module, including: a backlight module and a liquid crystal display panel;

[0012] The backlight module is configured to determine a view corresponding to each frame of image according to a display mode, and provide backlight with a corresponding direction for the image frame corresponding to the view.

[0013] The liquid crystal display panel is configured to determine a view corresponding to each frame of image according to a display mode, and provide an image frame matching the view.

[0014] Wherein, the display mode includes at least one of the following: single-view mode, dual-view mode, and multi-view mode.

[0015] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a driving method for a display module, including:

[0016] Determine a view corresponding to each frame of image according to a display mode, determine parameters of a dynamic slit grating and a light-emitting unit that provides backlight for the image frame corresponding to the view according to the view;

[0017] The dynamic light-emitting unit array emits light according to the view corresponding to the current frame, the collimating film makes the light emitted by the light-emitting unit collimated and incident on the dynamic slit grating, the dynamic slit grating uses the barrier of the dynamic slit grating to block the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting unit, controls the position and beam width of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit relative to the lens after passing through the dynamic slit grating, the lens array refracts the light beam after passing through the dynamic slit grating to generate backlight pointing to the target direction corresponding to the view, and the liquid crystal display panel provides an image frame matching the view;

[0018] Wherein, the display mode includes at least one of the following: single-view mode, dual-view mode, and multi-view mode.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device, including the above display module.

[0020] The backlight module provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure provides backlight with a single direction in the single-view mode, and provides backlight with multiple directions in the dual-view mode or multi-view mode. Therefore, it can realize directional backlight in one or more directions under multiple display modes. Description of the Drawings

[0021] The drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present disclosure, they are used to explain the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solutions of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of another backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 4 Flowchart of a driving method of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 5-1 Schematic diagram of a single - view mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 5-2 Schematic diagram of a dual - view mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 5-3 Schematic diagram of a multi - view mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of light emitted by a Lambertian light source passing through a collimating film, a liquid crystal grating, and a lens array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the optical path of a light beam with a certain width passing through a Fresnel lens provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of dual - view directional display provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the timing of driving signals during dual - view directional display provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between lenses and light - emitting units in a four - view display mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present disclosure clearer and more understandable, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments can be implemented in multiple different forms. Those of ordinary skill in the art can easily understand the fact that the forms and contents can be transformed into various forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure should not be construed as being limited only to the content described in the following embodiments. Without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined arbitrarily with each other.

[0035] The ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", and "third" in this specification are set to avoid confusion of components, rather than to limit in terms of quantity.

[0036] In this specification, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate member, or the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a backlight module, including: a dynamic light-emitting unit array 10, a collimating film 20, a dynamic slit grating 30, and a lens array 40; the dynamic light-emitting unit array includes a plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array; the lens array includes a plurality of lenses arranged in an array;

[0038] The dynamic light-emitting unit array is configured to determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, and provide backlight for the image frame corresponding to the view;

[0039] The collimating film is configured to make the light emitted by the light-emitting unit incident on the dynamic slit grating collinearly;

[0040] The dynamic slit grating is configured to determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, determine the parameters of the dynamic slit grating according to the view, use the barrier of the dynamic slit grating to block the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting unit, and control the position and beam width of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit relative to the lens after passing through the dynamic slit grating;

[0041] The lens array is configured to refract the light beam after passing through the dynamic slit grating to generate backlight pointing in the target direction corresponding to the view;

[0042] Wherein, the display mode includes at least one of the following: single-view mode, dual-view mode, and multi-view mode.

[0043] The backlight module provided by the above embodiments includes a dynamic light-emitting unit array, a collimating film, a dynamic slit grating, and a lens array. The dynamic light-emitting unit array includes a plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array, and the lens array includes a plurality of lenses arranged in an array. The dynamic light-emitting unit array is configured to determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, and the light-emitting units that provide backlight for the image frame corresponding to the view. The collimating film is configured to make the light emitted by the light-emitting units collimated and incident on the dynamic slit grating. The dynamic slit grating is configured to determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, determine the parameters of the dynamic slit grating according to the view, use the barrier of the dynamic slit grating to block the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting unit, and control the position and beam width of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit relative to the lens after passing through the dynamic slit grating. The lens array is configured to refract the light beam passing through the dynamic slit grating to generate backlight pointing in the target direction corresponding to the view. The above backlight module provides single-direction backlight in the single-view mode and multi-direction backlight in the dual-view mode or multi-view mode, so that directional backlight in one or more directions in multiple display modes can be realized.

[0044] The single-view mode includes a single view. The dual-view mode includes a left view and a right view, and the dual-view mode can be used for stereoscopic display (3D display). The multi-view mode includes multiple views. For example, the four-view mode usually includes: left view, right view, front view, and rear view.

[0045] In some exemplary embodiments, the parameters of the dynamic slit grating include at least one of the following: slit width, slit length, barrier width, and barrier length.

[0046] In some exemplary embodiments, the light-emitting unit includes: a light-emitting diode LED, a Mini-LED, or a Micro-LED. Literally, a Mini-LED can be understood as a smaller light-emitting diode, also known as a "sub-millimeter light-emitting diode", and a Micro-LED is a "micrometer light-emitting diode".

[0047] In some exemplary embodiments, the dynamic slit grating includes: a liquid crystal slit grating.

[0048] In some exemplary embodiments, the dynamic slit grating is configured to determine the parameters of the dynamic slit grating in the following manner: by controlling the positions of the energized area and the non-energized area of the liquid crystal slit grating, the light-transmitting area and the light-blocking area of the liquid crystal slit grating are adjusted; wherein, the light-transmitting area corresponds to the slit of the liquid crystal slit grating, and the light-blocking area corresponds to the barrier of the liquid crystal slit grating.

[0049] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the backlight module further includes: a light absorbing film 50; the light absorbing film is disposed on a side of the dynamic light emitting unit array away from the dynamic slit grating, and is configured to absorb light incident on the light absorbing film, so as to reduce the reflected light incident on the dynamic slit grating.

[0050] In some exemplary embodiments, in any display mode, one frame of image corresponds to one view. Since one frame of image corresponds to one view, the resolution of each frame of image will not decrease.

[0051] In some exemplary embodiments, when the display mode is a single view mode, each frame of image corresponds to the same view, and the backlight of each frame of image points in the same direction; when the display mode is a dual view mode, the left view corresponds to the images of odd frames, the right view corresponds to the images of even frames, and the backlight directions of odd frames are different from those of even frames; when the display mode is a K view mode, K views respectively correspond to K frames of images, and the backlight directions of the K frames of images are different; K is greater than or equal to 4.

[0052] In some exemplary embodiments, in any display mode, the light emitting units that provide backlight for the image frames corresponding to different views are different or partially the same. For example, in the dual view mode, the light emitting units that provide backlight for the odd frames corresponding to the left view and the light emitting units that provide backlight for the even frames corresponding to the right view are different or partially the same. In the multi-view mode, the light emitting units for different views can be completely different or partially the same. In the dual view mode / multi-view mode, different views are alternately / rotated and displayed frame by frame. Combining with the directional backlight, any viewing angle display can be achieved, and the resolution of the displayed picture will not decrease.

[0053] In some exemplary embodiments, the dynamic light emitting unit array is configured to determine the light emitting units that provide backlight for the image frames corresponding to the views in the following manner: when the display mode is a single view mode, for any frame of image, all the light emitting units are set as the light emitting units that provide backlight.

[0054] In some exemplary embodiments, the dynamic light emitting unit array is configured to determine the light emitting units that provide backlight for the image frames corresponding to the views in the following manner: when the display mode is a dual view mode, if the current frame displays the image corresponding to the left view, the light emitting units in the odd columns are set as the light emitting units that provide backlight, and the light emitting units in the even columns are set as the light emitting units that do not emit light; if the current frame displays the image corresponding to the right view, the light emitting units in the even columns are set as the light emitting units that provide backlight, and the light emitting units in the odd columns are set as the light emitting units that do not emit light.

[0055] In some exemplary embodiments, the dynamic light-emitting unit array is configured to determine the light-emitting units that provide backlight for the image frame corresponding to the view in the following manner: When the display mode is a four-view mode, if the current frame displays the image corresponding to the left view, the odd-numbered column light-emitting units are set as the light-emitting units that provide backlight, and the even-numbered column light-emitting units are set as the light-emitting units that do not emit light; if the current frame displays the image corresponding to the right view, the even-numbered column light-emitting units are set as the light-emitting units that provide backlight, and the odd-numbered column light-emitting units are set as the light-emitting units that do not emit light; if the current frame displays the image corresponding to the front view, the odd-numbered row light-emitting units are set as the light-emitting units that provide backlight, and the even-numbered row light-emitting units are set as the light-emitting units that do not emit light; if the current frame displays the image corresponding to the rear view, the even-numbered row light-emitting units are set as the light-emitting units that provide backlight, and the odd-numbered row light-emitting units are set as the light-emitting units that do not emit light.

[0056] In some exemplary embodiments, the dynamic light-emitting unit array is configured to determine the light-emitting units that provide backlight for the image frame corresponding to the view in the following manner: When the display mode is a K-view mode, all the light-emitting units are divided into K groups, and the i-th group of light-emitting units is used to provide backlight for the i-th view, where 1 ≤ i ≤ K; if the current frame displays the image corresponding to the i-th view, the i-th group of light-emitting units is set as the light-emitting units that provide backlight, and the light-emitting units of the remaining groups are set as the light-emitting units that do not emit light; K is greater than or equal to 2; wherein, any two groups of light-emitting units may include completely different light-emitting units or include some identical light-emitting units.

[0057] In some exemplary embodiments, the lens includes: a Fresnel lens or a cylindrical lens.

[0058] In some exemplary embodiments, when the display mode includes a K-view mode, the projection of a single lens on the first plane covers the projections of K light-emitting units on the first plane; wherein, K is greater than or equal to 2; the first plane is a plane parallel to the focal plane of the lens. By lighting the light-emitting units at different positions below the lens, the directivity of the backlight can be achieved, and a relatively narrow viewing angle can be obtained simultaneously.

[0059] As Figure 3 shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display module, including: a backlight module 100 and a liquid crystal display panel 200;

[0060] The backlight module is configured to determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, and provide the corresponding directed backlight for the image frame corresponding to the view;

[0061] The liquid crystal display panel is configured to determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, and provide an image frame matching the view;

[0062] Wherein, the display mode includes at least one of the following: single-view mode, dual-view mode, and multi-view mode.

[0063] The display module provided by the above embodiment includes a backlight module and a liquid crystal display panel. The backlight module is configured to determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, and provide backlight with corresponding directions for the image frames corresponding to the views; the liquid crystal display panel is configured to determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, and provide image frames matching the views. The display module provided by the above embodiment can present one or more views in multiple display modes by synchronously setting the backlight directions corresponding to the image frames of the views.

[0064] In some exemplary embodiments, in any display mode, one frame of image corresponds to one view. Since one frame of image corresponds to one view, the resolution of each frame of image will not decrease.

[0065] In some exemplary embodiments, when the display mode is single-view mode, each frame of image corresponds to the same view, and the backlight directions of each frame of image are the same; when the display mode is dual-view mode, the left view corresponds to the images of odd frames, the right view corresponds to the images of even frames, and the backlight directions of odd frames are different from those of even frames; when the display mode is K-view mode, K views respectively correspond to K frames of images, and the backlight directions of K frames of images are different; K is greater than or equal to 4. In dual-view mode / multi-view mode, different views are displayed alternately / rotated frame by frame. Combined with directional backlight, arbitrary viewing angle display can be achieved, and the resolution of the display screen will not decrease.

[0066] In some exemplary embodiments, the backlight module is configured to provide backlight with corresponding directions for the image frames corresponding to the views in the following manner: if the view corresponding to the next frame of image is different from the view corresponding to the previous frame of image, then before the image frame switches to the next frame, turn off the backlight corresponding to the previous frame of image and turn on the backlight corresponding to the next frame of image.

[0067] In some exemplary embodiments, if the screen refresh rate of the liquid crystal display panel in single-view mode is f1, then the screen refresh rate in dual-view mode is 2*f1, and the screen refresh rate in K-view mode is K*f1; K is greater than or equal to 4.

[0068] In some exemplary embodiments, the screen refresh rate f1 in single-view mode is greater than or equal to 60 Hz.

[0069] As Figure 4 shown, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a driving method for a display module, including:

[0070] Step S10: Determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, determine the parameters of the dynamic slit grating and the light-emitting units that provide backlight for the image frame corresponding to the view.

[0071] Step S20: The dynamic light-emitting unit array emits light according to the view corresponding to the current frame. The collimating film makes the light emitted by the light-emitting units enter the dynamic slit grating collinearly. The dynamic slit grating uses the barrier of the dynamic slit grating to block the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting units, controls the position and beam width of the light emitted by the light-emitting units relative to the lens after passing through the dynamic slit grating. The lens array refracts the light beam passing through the dynamic slit grating to generate backlight pointing to the target direction corresponding to the view, and the liquid crystal display panel provides an image frame matching the view.

[0072] Among them, the display mode includes at least one of the following: single-view mode, dual-view mode, and multi-view mode.

[0073] The driving method of the display module provided in the above embodiment determines the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, determines the parameters of the dynamic slit grating and the light-emitting units that provide backlight for the image frame corresponding to the view; the dynamic light-emitting unit array emits light according to the view corresponding to the current frame, the collimating film makes the light emitted by the light-emitting units enter the dynamic slit grating collinearly, the dynamic slit grating uses the barrier of the dynamic slit grating to block the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting units, controls the position and beam width of the light emitted by the light-emitting units relative to the lens after passing through the dynamic slit grating, the lens array refracts the light beam passing through the dynamic slit grating to generate backlight pointing to the target direction corresponding to the view, and the liquid crystal display panel provides an image frame matching the view. The driving method of the display module provided in the above embodiment can realize the presentation of one or more views in multiple display modes by synchronously setting the backlight pointing to the image frame corresponding to the view.

[0074] In some exemplary embodiments, in any display mode, one frame of image corresponds to one view. Since one frame of image corresponds to one view, the resolution of each frame of image will not decrease.

[0075] In some exemplary embodiments, the dynamic light-emitting unit array emits light according to the view corresponding to the current frame, including: if the view corresponding to the next frame of image is different from the view corresponding to the previous frame of image, before the image frame is switched to the next frame, turn off the backlight corresponding to the previous frame of image and turn on the backlight corresponding to the next frame of image.

[0076] In some exemplary embodiments, when the display mode is a single-view mode, each frame of image corresponds to the same type of view, and the backlight of each frame of image points in the same direction; when the display mode is a dual-view mode, the left view corresponds to the images of odd frames, the right view corresponds to the images of even frames, and the backlight directions of odd frames are different from those of even frames; when the display mode is a K-view mode, K types of views respectively correspond to K frames of images, and the backlight directions of the K frames of images are different; K is greater than or equal to 4.

[0077] In some exemplary embodiments, if the screen refresh rate of the liquid crystal display panel in the single-view mode is f1, then the screen refresh rate in the dual-view mode is 2*f1, and the screen refresh rate in the K-view mode is K*f1; K is greater than or equal to 4.

[0078] The light emitted by the dynamic light-emitting unit array is refracted to a specific angle through a Fresnel lens / cylindrical lens to achieve directional backlight. The switching of different views at different viewing angles is achieved through a high-refresh-rate display screen and the rapid switching of the dynamic light-emitting unit array with a high response speed. The directivity of the backlight can be achieved by lighting the light-emitting units at different positions below the lens array, and a relatively narrow viewing angle can be obtained simultaneously.

[0079] Figure 5-1 It is a schematic diagram of single-view single-viewing-angle directional display. By adjusting the on / off positions of the light-emitting units in the dynamic light-emitting unit array and the dynamic slit grating, and using the principle of refraction of the lens array to adjust the direction of the backlight, single-view directional backlight can be achieved. This technology can cooperate with eye tracking to achieve directional display.

[0080] Figure 5-2 It is a schematic diagram of dual-view dual-viewing-angle directional display. By adjusting the on / off positions of the light-emitting units in the dynamic light-emitting unit array and the dynamic slit grating, and using the principle of refraction of the lens array to achieve directional backlight at left and right angles, the anti-peeping requirements of the dual-view can be met.

[0081] Figure 5-3 It is a schematic diagram of multi-view multi-viewing-angle directional display. By adjusting the on / off positions of the light-emitting units in the dynamic light-emitting unit array and the dynamic slit grating, and using the principle of lens refraction to adjust the multi-directional directional backlight, different views can be displayed at any angle around the screen when the screen refresh rate is satisfied.

[0082] Generally, the light-emitting model of a single LED is the Lambert model. By using the method of blocking the local light beam of the Lambert light source, a light beam pointing to a specific angle can be obtained. When using an LED (Mini-LED or Micro-LED) array as the backlight source and using a liquid crystal grating barrier to block the partial light beams of all light-emitting units, a large-area light beam at a specific angle can be formed, and this light beam can be used as the backlight source. Combining the high response speed of LEDs (Mini-LED or Micro-LED) and the high refresh rate of liquid crystals, display functions such as single-view mode, dual-view / 3D display mode, and multi-view mode can be realized.

[0083] Figure 6 The schematic diagram shows the light emitted by the Lambert light source passing through the collimating film, liquid crystal grating, and lens array. After passing through the collimating film, the Lambert light source obtains a narrower emission angle and filters out stray light through the liquid crystal grating barrier. Among them, the light within the angle α is weaker stray light, and the light within the angle β is blocked by the grating barrier. That is to say, the light within the angles α+β on both sides is lost. Therefore, the energy within the angles α+β can be minimized as much as possible through the collimating film.

[0084] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the light path shows a light beam of a certain width passing through a Fresnel lens. After passing through the Fresnel lens, the light beam of a certain width obtains a deflection angle of γ 1 、γ 2 The deflected light illuminates the entire screen uniformly after passing through a distance D. After passing through the screen, the backlight continues to maintain a fixed emission angle and range, forming a viewing angle range with a central angle of γ 1 or γ 2 in the far field. To fully illuminate the display screen, the distance D between the display screen and the liquid crystal grating needs to satisfy the following formula (1)

[0085]

[0086] where F is the focal length of the lens, n is the width of the grating barrier, m is the width of the grating slit, m + n is equal to a grating constant, and the width of the lens is equal to a grating constant. On the basis of full illumination, uniform illumination of the screen and maintaining the directivity of the backlight can be achieved by matching the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating, the focal length of the lens, etc.

[0087] The pointing angle γ of the backlight can be calculated according to the following formula (2):

[0088]

[0089] where F is the focal length of the lens and X is the distance from the light-emitting unit to the center of the lens.

[0090] Taking the dual-view display mode as an example, when the emission angle of the light-emitting unit (Lambert source) is 120°, the light emitted by the Lambert source can reduce the emission angle after passing through the collimating film. Then, the relatively collimated central light beam passes through the liquid crystal grating, and after passing through the liquid crystal grating, it is refracted by the upper cylindrical lens / Fresnel lens, resulting in a deflection of the direction. By simulating the directions of the backlights of the left view and the right view through simulation calculations, it can be seen that the left and right light beams generate two viewing angles less than 15° in the far field.

[0091] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of dual-view directional display. As Figure 8 shown, in the dual-view mode, the picture and the backlight to be displayed in a certain direction are lit simultaneously. When switching to the next direction, the picture and the backlight in the previous direction are turned off, and the picture and the backlight in the next direction are turned on, realizing multi-azimuth display through high-speed switching. Figure 9 It is the timing diagram of the driving signal in the dual-view display mode. LED lights A and B alternately turn on and off, and the display screen turns on the corresponding picture while the corresponding backlight is on. Different pictures are sequentially displayed in two different directions (left view and right view) by using different timings. To ensure normal viewing of the video, the period of each view is at most 8 ms. The grating barrier blocks the corresponding odd or even columns of LED lights at different times to obtain the backlight at a specific angle.

[0092] Taking the dual-view mode as an example, as Figure 8 shown, the light emitted by the dynamic light-emitting unit array (such as Mini-LED) enters the dynamic LCD grating barrier (without color filter CF) at a smaller divergence angle after passing through the collimating film. After passing through the dynamic LCD grating barrier, the grating barrier filters out the stray light at larger angles, allowing the stronger central light beam at a small angle to pass through. After the light beam hits the Fresnel lens / cylindrical lens array, the light beam is deflected through the principle of refraction. The light of the same angle emitted by a large number of light-emitting units is mixed evenly after a certain distance to form a backlight source, illuminating the LCD display screen (display LCD). The light passing through the LCD display screen continues to exit at a fixed angle to form a specific viewing angle.

[0093] The directional backlight in the multi-view mode is consistent with the directional display principle of the single-view mode or the dual-view mode. Different pictures are sequentially displayed in multiple (such as four) different directions (such as left, right, front, and back) by using different timings. To ensure normal viewing of the video, the period of each view is at most 4 ms. The grating barrier blocks the corresponding odd or even columns or rows of LEDs at different times to obtain the backlight at a specific angle. By separately lighting the LED lights at the corresponding positions, the directional backlights in the four views can be obtained in sequence.

[0094] When the display mode includes the K-view mode, the projection of a single lens on the horizontal plane covers the projections of K light-emitting units on the horizontal plane; where K is greater than or equal to 4. By lighting the light-emitting units at different positions below the lens, the directivity of the backlight can be achieved, and a relatively narrow viewing angle can be obtained simultaneously. Figure 10 This is the positional relationship between the lens and the light-emitting units in the four-view display mode. As Figure 10 shown, there are four light-emitting units below a single Fresnel lens, and the angle of the directed backlight can be achieved by lighting the light-emitting units at different positions. When there are more light-emitting units below a single Fresnel lens, more viewing angles can be achieved through different backlight directions.

[0095] The embodiment of the present application also provides a display device, including the above display module.

[0096] The display device may be a liquid crystal display device. The display device may be: a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a monitor, a laptop computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, or any other product or component with a display function. Other essential components of the display device should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be elaborated here, nor should they be considered as a limitation to the present invention.

[0097] Although the disclosed embodiments of the present application are as above, the described content is only an embodiment adopted for the convenience of understanding the present application and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed by the present invention. However, the patent protection scope of the present invention shall still be subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A backlight module, comprising: a dynamic light-emitting unit array, a collimating film, a dynamic slit grating, and a lens array; the dynamic light-emitting unit array includes a plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array; the lens array includes a plurality of lenses arranged in an array; the dynamic light-emitting unit array is configured to determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, and the light-emitting units that provide backlight for the image frame corresponding to the view: when the display mode is the P-view mode, the P-view mode includes P views, all the light-emitting units are divided into P groups, and the i-th group of light-emitting units is used to provide backlight for the i-th view, 1≤i≤P; if the current frame displays the image corresponding to the i-th view, the i-th group of light-emitting units is set as the light-emitting units that provide backlight, and the light-emitting units of the remaining groups are set as non-light-emitting units; P is greater than or equal to 2; wherein, any two groups of light-emitting units include completely different light-emitting units or include partially identical light-emitting units; the collimating film is configured to make the light emitted by the light-emitting units collimatedly incident on the dynamic slit grating; the dynamic slit grating is configured to determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, determine the parameters of the dynamic slit grating according to the view, use the barrier of the dynamic slit grating to block the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting units, and control the position and beam width of the light emitted by the light-emitting units relative to the lens after passing through the dynamic slit grating; the lens array is configured to refract the light beam after passing through the dynamic slit grating to generate backlight pointing in the target direction corresponding to the view; wherein, the display mode includes at least one of the following: single-view mode, dual-view mode, and multi-view mode; in any display mode, one frame of image corresponds to one view; when the display mode is the single-view mode, each frame of image corresponds to the same view, and the backlight of each frame of image points in the same direction; when the display mode is the dual-view mode, the left view corresponds to the images of odd frames, the right view corresponds to the images of even frames, and the backlight pointing of odd frames is different from that of even frames; when the display mode is the K-view mode, K views respectively correspond to K frames of images, and the backlight pointing of K frames of images is different; K is greater than or equal to 4; if the screen refresh rate of the liquid crystal display panel in the single-view mode is f1, then the screen refresh rate of the liquid crystal display panel in the dual-view mode is 2*f1, and the screen refresh rate of the liquid crystal display panel in the K-view mode is K*f1; the lens includes: a Fresnel lens; when the display mode includes the P-view mode, the projection of a single lens on the first plane covers the projections of P light-emitting units on the first plane; wherein, P is greater than or equal to 2; the first plane is a plane parallel to the focal plane of the lens.

2. The backlight module according to claim 1, characterized in that: the light-emitting unit includes: a light-emitting diode LED, a Mini-LED or a Micro-LED.

3. The backlight module according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dynamic slit grating includes: a liquid crystal slit grating. The parameters of the dynamic slit grating include at least one of the following: slit width, slit length, barrier width, and barrier length.

4. The backlight module according to claim 1, characterized in that: In any display mode, the light-emitting units that provide backlight for the image frames corresponding to different views are different or partially the same.

5. The backlight module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backlight module further includes: an absorbing film; the absorbing film is disposed on a side of the dynamic light-emitting unit array away from the dynamic slit grating for absorbing light incident on the absorbing film.

6. A display module, comprising: The backlight module according to any one of claims 1-5 and a liquid crystal display panel; The backlight module is configured to determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, and provide backlight corresponding to the view for the image frame corresponding to the view; The liquid crystal display panel is configured to determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, and provide an image frame matching the view; wherein, the display mode includes at least one of the following: single-view mode, dual-view mode, and multi-view mode.

7. The display module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The backlight module is configured to provide backlight corresponding to the view for the image frame corresponding to the view in the following manner: if the view corresponding to the next frame of image is different from the view corresponding to the previous frame of image, then before the image frame is switched to the next frame, turn off the backlight corresponding to the previous frame of image and turn on the backlight corresponding to the next frame of image.

8. A driving method for a display module, comprising: Determine the view corresponding to each frame of image according to the display mode, determine the parameters of the dynamic slit grating and the light-emitting units that provide backlight for the image frame corresponding to the view: when the display mode is the P-view mode, the P-view mode includes P views, divide all the light-emitting units into P groups, and the i-th group of light-emitting units is used to provide backlight for the i-th view, 1≤i≤P; if the current frame displays the image corresponding to the i-th view, then set the i-th group of light-emitting units as the light-emitting units that provide backlight, and set the light-emitting units of the remaining groups as non-light-emitting units; P is greater than or equal to 2; wherein, any two groups of light-emitting units include completely different light-emitting units or include partially the same light-emitting units; The dynamic light-emitting unit array emits light according to the view corresponding to the current frame, the collimating film makes the light emitted by the light-emitting units collimated and incident on the dynamic slit grating, the dynamic slit grating uses the barrier of the dynamic slit grating to block the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting units, controls the position and beam width of the light emitted by the light-emitting units relative to the lens after passing through the dynamic slit grating, the lens array refracts the beam after passing through the dynamic slit grating to generate backlight pointing to the target direction corresponding to the view, and the liquid crystal display panel provides an image frame matching the view; wherein, the display mode includes at least one of the following: single-view mode, dual-view mode, and multi-view mode; In any display mode, one frame of image corresponds to one view; when the display mode is the single-view mode, each frame of image corresponds to the same view, and the backlight of each frame of image points in the same direction; when the display mode is the dual-view mode, the left view corresponds to the images of odd frames, the right view corresponds to the images of even frames, and the backlight direction of odd frames is different from that of even frames; when the display mode is the K-view mode, K views respectively correspond to K frames of images, and the backlight directions of the K frames of images are different; K is greater than or equal to 4; if the screen refresh rate of the liquid crystal display panel in the single-view mode is f1, then the screen refresh rate of the liquid crystal display panel in the dual-view mode is 2*f1, and the screen refresh rate of the liquid crystal display panel in the K-view mode is K*f1; K is greater than or equal to 4.

9. A display device, comprising the display module according to any one of claims 6-7.

Images