An automatic decoupling and placement device for a four-legged hollow square and a construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of the installation of four-legged hollow blocks for the facing blocks, and in particular to an automatic hook-removing placing device and a construction method for four-legged hollow blocks. It includes a top plate, a sleeve, and a grab hook. The upper end of the top plate is evenly distributed with hanging points, and there is an opening in the center of the top plate. The sleeve is connected below the opening of the top plate, and a slideway is opened on the sleeve wall. The upper part of the grab hook is located inside the sleeve, and the upper end is evenly distributed with hanging points. The lower end of the grab hook is four hook pieces distributed in a cross shape. The grab hook is further connected to the sleeve through a pin slidingly connected in the slideway. The outer tangent square of the lower end face of the hook piece has the same size as the middle square hole of the four-legged hollow block to be constructed. Through the realization of automatic hook removal, the present invention can not only improve the safety of the installation process of underwater divers, but also shorten the placing time of each four-legged hollow block compared with the existing placing process, thereby shortening the installation period of the four-legged hollow blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the installation of four-leg hollow blocks for apron blocks, and in particular to an automatic hook-removing placing device and construction method for four-leg hollow blocks. Background Technique

[0002] At present, the common installation method for four-leg hollow blocks is the wire rope bundling method, that is, using wire ropes to bundle the legs for installation. The main disadvantages of this method are as follows: 1. As the tonnage of the four-leg hollow blocks increases, the wire ropes become thicker and harder, and the operability becomes lower. If slings are used, the cost increases greatly; 2. During the installation process, the shape of the four-leg hollow blocks is not easy to control and cannot be adjusted; 3. After the installation of the four-leg hollow blocks is completed, when the wire ropes are withdrawn, it is easy to cause damage to the four-leg hollow blocks, and there is a certain probability that the already installed four-leg hollow blocks will be displaced; 4. Automatic hook removal cannot be achieved, and the process of underwater divers unhooking is somewhat dangerous. Due to the development of the times and the improvement of the construction level, the shorelines with good shelter conditions are becoming fewer and fewer, and the tonnage of apron blocks such as four-leg hollow blocks is getting larger and larger. When using the method of bundling the legs with wire ropes for installation, the required wire ropes are getting thicker, and coupled with the inability to automatically unhook, it becomes more and more difficult for divers to unhook underwater. Therefore, it is becoming more and more important to develop a safe and efficient placing device and construction method for four-leg hollow blocks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an automatic hook-removing placing device and construction method for four-leg hollow blocks, realizing the function of automatic hook removal.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above object is: an automatic hook-removing construction method for four-leg hollow blocks, characterized by including the following steps:

[0005] S1. The rigger uses 4 wire ropes to lift the lifting points on the ceiling board, and the 4 wire ropes are hung on the main hook of the crane; the rigger uses 1 wire rope to connect the lifting point at the top of the grab hook, and 1 wire rope is hung on the auxiliary hook of the crane;

[0006] S2. At this time, the main hook of the crane is lifted, and the auxiliary hook of the crane is under tension and remains stationary relative to the main hook of the crane and is lifted along with the main hook of the crane, so that the hook pieces of the grab hook are always in the "diagonal state", and the rigger commands the crane to place the placing device into the middle hole of the four-leg hollow block;

[0007] S3. Keep the main hook of the crane stationary. The rigger commands the crane to lift the auxiliary hook of the crane, so that the grab rotates 45 degrees through the sleeve slideway to control the grab. At this time, the hook piece of the grab is in the "side length state" and clings to the bottom edge of the central hole of the four-legged hollow square. During the lifting process of the auxiliary hook of the crane, the main hook of the crane remains stationary. The top plate and the sleeve rely on their own weights to counteract the frictional force generated by the pin and the slideway on the sleeve during the upward movement of the auxiliary hook. Since the self-weight is much greater than the frictional force, the top plate and the sleeve do not move upward and do not leave the top surface of the square.

[0008] S4. The rigger commands the crane to lift the auxiliary hook of the crane. The main hook of the crane is stressed and remains stationary relative to the auxiliary hook of the crane. It is lifted along with the auxiliary hook of the crane and transports the four-legged hollow square to the installation position. The diver adjusts it. After the position is set, the diver leaves the four-legged hollow square. The rigger commands the crane to lower the auxiliary hook of the crane so that the hook piece of the grab returns to the "diagonal state". Then, the main and auxiliary hooks of the crane are lifted simultaneously to lift the placement device that has rotated back to the initial state, and the next installation can be carried out.

[0009] A four-legged hollow square automatic hook-removing placement device, characterized in that it includes a top plate, a sleeve, and a grab. The upper end of the top plate is evenly distributed with hanging points, and the center of the top plate is open. The sleeve is connected below the opening of the top plate, and a slideway is provided on the sleeve wall. The upper part of the grab is located inside the sleeve, and the upper end is evenly distributed with hanging points. The lower end of the grab is four hook pieces distributed in a cross shape. The grab is further connected to the sleeve through a pin slidingly connected in the slideway. The outer tangent square of the lower end surface of the hook piece has the same size as the middle square hole of the four-legged hollow square to be constructed.

[0010] The slideway is two upward lower arcs, symmetrically distributed about the center axis of the sleeve. The length of each slideway is one-eighth of the circumference of the sleeve, so that when the pin moves upward in the slideway, the hook piece of the grab rotates 45 degrees.

[0011] The pin and the grab are integrally cast, and the sleeve and the top plate are integrally cast.

[0012] The outer diameter of the sleeve is 80% of the side length of the square hole, and the thickness is 2 cm.

[0013] The top plate is square, and the side length is 1.2 times the side length of the square hole.

[0014] The length of the hook piece is 42.5% - 45% of the diagonal length of the square hole.

[0015] When the present invention works, the main hook and the auxiliary hook of the crane are used to operate the four-legged hollow block simultaneously. That is, the main hook is responsible for lifting the four-legged hollow block and the device, and the auxiliary hook is responsible for controlling the opening and closing of the automatic hook release device. After the four-legged hollow block is lifted on land and installed underwater, only the diver needs to adjust the placement position of the four-legged hollow block. After determining the installation position, the diver leaves the four-legged hollow block, and then the auxiliary hook opens the automatic hook release, so that the four-legged hollow block is separated from the placement device. The main hook lifts the placement device and rotates it to the initial position to perform the next cycle of work. By realizing the automatic hook release, the present invention can not only improve the safety of the underwater diver installation process, but also shorten the placement time of each four-legged hollow block compared with the existing placement process, thereby shortening the installation period of the four-legged hollow block. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a perspective view;

[0018] Figure 3 is an application schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the hook piece state of the grab hook in the "diagonal state";

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the hook piece state of the grab hook in the "side length state";

[0021] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the hook piece state of the grab hook adjusted by the pin;

[0022] In the figure: 1 top plate, 2 sleeve, 3 pin, 4 grab hook, 5 steel wire rope, 6 lifting point, 7 main hook of the crane, 8 auxiliary hook of the crane, 9 slideway, A grab hook "diagonal state", B grab hook "side length state". DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. Embodiment

[0024] As Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown in the figure, a four-legged hollow square automatic decoupling and placement device includes a top plate 1, a sleeve 2, and a grab hook 4. The upper end of the top plate 1 is evenly distributed with suspension points 6, and the center of the top plate 1 is open. The sleeve 2 is connected below the opening of the top plate 1, and a slideway 9 is provided on the wall of the sleeve 2. The upper part of the grab hook 4 is located inside the sleeve 2, and the upper end is evenly distributed with suspension points 6. The lower end of the grab hook 4 is four hook pieces distributed in a cross shape. The grab hook 4 is further connected to the sleeve 2 through a pin 3 slidingly connected in the slideway 9. The outer tangent square of the lower end face of the hook piece has the same size as the middle square hole of the four-legged hollow square to be constructed.

[0025] The slideway 9 is two upward lower arcs, symmetrically distributed about the center axis of the sleeve 2. The length of each slideway is one-eighth of the circumference of the sleeve 2, so that when the pin 3 moves upward in the slideway 9, the hook piece of the grab hook 4 rotates 45 degrees.

[0026] The pin 3 and the grab hook 4 are integrally cast, and the sleeve 2 and the top plate 1 are integrally cast.

[0027] The outer diameter of the sleeve 2 is 80% of the side length of the square hole, and the thickness is 2 cm.

[0028] The top plate 1 is square, and the side length of the top plate is 1.2 times the side length of the square hole.

[0029] The length of each hook piece is 42.5% - 45% of the diagonal length of the square hole. Embodiment

[0030] The specific operation of the construction steps using the device described in Embodiment 1 is as follows:

[0031] (1) As shown in Figure 3 -a, the rigger uses 4 steel wires 5 to lift the suspension points 6 on the top plate 1, and the 4 steel wires 5 are hung on the main hook 7 of the crane; the rigger uses 1 steel wire 5 to connect the suspension point 6 at the top of the grab hook 4, and 1 steel wire 5 is hung on the auxiliary hook 8 of the crane;

[0032] (2) As shown in Figure 3 -b, at this time, the main hook 7 of the crane is lifted, and the auxiliary hook 8 of the crane is under tension and remains stationary relative to the main hook 7 of the crane and is lifted along with the main hook 7 of the crane. As shown in Figure 4 , so that the hook piece of the grab hook 4 is always in the "diagonal state", and the rigger commands the crane to place the placement device into the middle hole of the four-legged hollow square;

[0033] (3) As shown in Figure 3 -c, keep the main hook 7 of the crane stationary, and the rigger commands the crane to lift the auxiliary hook 8 of the crane, so that the grab hook 4 controls the grab hook 4 to rotate 45 degrees through the slideway 9 of the sleeve 2. As shown in Figure 5As shown, at this time, the hook piece of the grab hook 4 is in the "side length state" and clings to the bottom edge of the central hole of the four-legged hollow square. During the lifting process of the auxiliary hook 8 of the crane, the main hook 7 of the crane remains stationary. The top plate 1 and the sleeve 2 rely on their own weights to counteract the frictional force generated between the pin 3 and the slideway 9 on the sleeve 2 during the upward movement of the auxiliary hook. Since the self-weight is much greater than the frictional force, the top plate 1 and the sleeve 2 do not move upward and do not leave the top surface of the square.

[0034] As Figure 3 -d shows, the rigger commands the crane to lift the auxiliary hook 8 of the crane. The main hook 7 of the crane exerts force and remains stationary relative to the auxiliary hook 8. It is lifted along with the auxiliary hook 8 of the crane and transports the four-legged hollow square to the installation position. The diver makes adjustments. After the position is set, the diver leaves the four-legged hollow square. The rigger commands the crane to lower the auxiliary hook 8 of the crane so that the hook piece of the grab hook 4 returns to the "diagonal state". Then, the main and auxiliary hooks of the crane are lifted simultaneously to lift the placement device that has rotated back to the initial state, and the next installation can be carried out.

Claims

1. A construction method for automatic decoupling of a four-legged hollow block, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. The rigger uses 4 wire ropes to lift the lifting points on the ceiling board, and the 4 wire ropes are hung on the main hook of the crane; the rigger uses 1 wire rope to connect the lifting point at the top of the grab hook, and 1 wire rope is hung on the auxiliary hook of the crane; S2. At this time, the main hook of the crane is lifted, and the auxiliary hook of the crane is under tension and remains stationary relative to the main hook of the crane and is lifted along with the main hook of the crane, so that the grab hook blades are always in the "diagonal state". The rigger commands the crane to place the placement device into the middle hole of the four-legged hollow block; S3. Keep the main hook of the crane stationary. The rigger commands the crane to lift the auxiliary hook of the crane, so that the grab hook rotates 45 degrees through the sleeve slideway to control the grab hook. At this time, the grab hook blades are in the "side length state" and are closely attached to the bottom edge of the middle hole of the four-legged hollow block; during the lifting process of the auxiliary hook of the crane, the main hook of the crane remains stationary. The ceiling board and the sleeve rely on their own weights to counteract the frictional force generated by the pin and the slideway on the sleeve during the upward movement of the auxiliary hook. Since the self-weight is much greater than the frictional force, the ceiling board and the sleeve do not move upward and do not leave the top surface of the block; S4. The rigger commands the crane to lift the auxiliary hook of the crane, and the main hook of the crane is under tension and remains stationary relative to the auxiliary hook of the crane and is lifted along with the auxiliary hook of the crane. The four-legged hollow block is transported to the placement position and adjusted by the diver. After the position is set, the diver leaves the four-legged hollow block. The rigger commands the crane to lower the auxiliary hook of the crane so that the grab hook blades return to the "diagonal state"; then, the main and auxiliary hooks of the crane are lifted simultaneously to lift the placement device that has rotated back to the initial state, and the next installation can be carried out; The automatic hook-removing placement device for the four-legged hollow block adopted by the method includes a ceiling board, a sleeve, and a grab hook. The upper end of the ceiling board is evenly distributed with lifting points, and the center of the ceiling board is open. The sleeve is connected below the opening of the ceiling board, and a slideway is opened on the sleeve wall. The upper part of the grab hook is located inside the sleeve, and the upper end is evenly distributed with lifting points. The lower end of the grab hook is four hook blades distributed in a cross shape. The grab hook is further connected to the sleeve through a pin slidingly connected in the slideway. The outer tangent square of the lower end face of the hook blade has the same size as the middle square hole of the four-legged hollow block to be constructed; 2. The automatic decoupling construction method of a four-legged hollow square according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slideway is two upward lower arcs, symmetrically distributed about the center axis of the sleeve. The length of each slideway is one-eighth of the circumference of the sleeve, so that when the pin moves upward in the slideway, the grab hook blades rotate 45 degrees; 3. A construction method for automatic decoupling of a four-legged hollow block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin and the grab hook are integrally cast, and the sleeve and the ceiling board are integrally cast; 4. A construction method for automatic decoupling of a four-legged hollow block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the sleeve is 80% of the side length of the square hole, and the thickness is 2 cm; 5. A method for automatically decoupling a four-legged hollow block during construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceiling board is square, and the side length is 1.2 times the side length of the square hole; 6. A construction method for automatic decoupling of a four-legged hollow block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the hook blade is 42.5% - 45% of the diagonal length of the square hole;

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