Antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The present application provides an antenna and an electronic device, which relates to the technical field of electronic devices and can expand the bandwidth of the antenna while improving the appearance consistency of the electronic device. The antenna includes a radiator and a feeding structure, the radiator includes a conductive side wall and a conductive bottom wall, the conductive side wall and the conductive bottom wall enclose a long groove, and the conductive side wall includes a first conductive side wall and a second conductive side wall that respectively form two long sides of the long groove; the feeding structure includes a first feeding branch and a second feeding branch, the first feeding branch is passed through the radiator and is insulated from the radiator, the second feeding branch is located in the long groove and is electrically connected to the first feeding branch, there is a capacitive coupling effect between the second feeding branch and the first conductive side wall, and between the second feeding branch and the second conductive side wall, and the distance between the second feeding branch and the first conductive side wall is smaller than the distance between the second feeding branch and the second conductive side wall. The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied to electronic equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic equipment, and in particular to an antenna and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Mobile phones, personal computers (PCs), tablets, base stations, routers, and other electronic devices are equipped with antennas to enable wireless communication. In recent years, as electronic devices have become increasingly smaller and thinner, their housings have gradually evolved toward metal to ensure rigidity. For example, the back cover of a mobile phone uses metal to ensure structural rigidity. Because metal housings shield electromagnetic waves, to minimize interference with antenna signal transmission and reception, windows can be created in the metal housing and filled with non-metallic material to allow the antenna's signals to be transmitted or received through the window.

[0003] Since a window is provided on the metal shell, the appearance consistency of the metal shell is destroyed, and the larger the opening area of ​​the window, the worse the appearance consistency of the metal shell. In order to improve the appearance consistency of the metal shell, the antenna in the electronic device can adopt a slot antenna structure such as a dielectric slot antenna and a back-cavity slot antenna. The radiation openings of the dielectric slot antenna and the back-cavity slot antenna are elongated slots. Only a matching elongated window needs to be provided on the metal shell to realize the transmission and reception of antenna signals. This can reduce the opening area of ​​the window on the metal shell and improve the appearance consistency of the metal shell. However, since the radiation openings of the dielectric slot antenna and the back-cavity slot antenna are elongated slots, the radiation aperture is small and the bandwidth is small. Therefore, the use of such antennas cannot meet the antenna's radiation bandwidth requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides an antenna and an electronic device, which can expand the bandwidth of the antenna while ensuring the consistency of the appearance of the electronic device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, which includes a radiator and a feeding structure, wherein the radiator includes a conductive side wall and a conductive bottom wall, the conductive side wall is arranged around the edge of the conductive bottom wall and is electrically connected to the conductive bottom wall, the conductive side wall is used to connect to the signal reference ground, the conductive side wall and the conductive bottom wall form a long groove, the end of the long groove away from the conductive bottom wall is open, and the conductive side wall includes a first conductive side wall and a second conductive side wall respectively forming two long sides of the long groove; the feeding structure includes a first feeding branch and a second feeding branch, the first feeding branch is passed through the radiator and is insulated from the radiator, the second feeding branch is located in the long groove and is electrically connected to the first feeding branch, the second feeding branch does not contact the inner surface of the long groove, there is a capacitive coupling effect between the second feeding branch and the first conductive side wall, and between the second feeding branch and the second conductive side wall, and the distance between the second feeding branch and the first conductive side wall is smaller than the distance between the second feeding branch and the second conductive side wall. The first feeding branch is provided through the conductive side wall; or the first feeding branch is provided through the conductive bottom wall; or the first feeding branch is provided through the conductive side wall and the conductive bottom wall.

[0007] The antenna provided in the present application is an antenna similar to a cavity-backed slot antenna. The long slot of the antenna provided in the present application is equivalent to the cavity-backed slot antenna, and the opening at one end of the long slot away from the conductive bottom wall is equivalent to the slot of the cavity-backed slot antenna. When the feeding structure feeds a signal of the first working frequency band to the radiator, the signal can penetrate the gap between the second feeding branch and the first conductive side wall, and the gap between the second feeding branch and the second conductive side wall and feed into the first conductive side wall and the second conductive side wall. As a result, the feeding structure can excite the entire long slot to resonate, and the electric field in the long slot runs through the entire width of the long slot. The electromagnetic wave generated by the electric field is radiated from the opening to the free space outside the radiator under the reflection of the conductive bottom wall. It can be seen from this that the radiation port of the antenna provided in the present application is the opening of the long slot, the size of the opening is small, and the higher the working frequency of the antenna, the smaller the size of the antenna, and the smaller the size of the opening. When the antenna is applied to an electronic device with a metal shell, the gap on the metal shell can be opened smaller, which can ensure the appearance consistency of the electronic device. At the same time, when a signal of a second operating frequency band having a frequency greater than that of the first operating frequency band is fed to the radiator through the feeding structure, since the spacing between the second feeding branch and the first conductive side wall is smaller than the spacing between the second feeding branch and the second conductive side wall, the capacitance between the second feeding branch and the first conductive side wall is greater than the capacitance between the second feeding branch and the second conductive side wall. The high-frequency signal fed by the second feeding branch cannot penetrate the gap between the second feeding branch and the first conductive side wall. Therefore, the feeding structure excites the gap between the second feeding branch and the second conductive side wall to produce an additional resonance. At this time, the radiation port of the antenna is the gap between the second feeding branch and the second conductive side wall, thereby widening the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0008] Optionally, the second feeding branch is in the shape of a plate, sheet, strip, needle or wire, and the second feeding branch is parallel to the first conductive side wall and the second feeding branch is parallel to the second conductive side wall. This structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0009] Optionally, the slot is filled with a first dielectric material, and the portion of the first feed branch located within the slot and the second feed branch are both embedded within the first dielectric material. This encapsulates the feed structure, preventing water, conductive dust, and the like from entering the slot and interfering with the antenna's radiation. Furthermore, the first dielectric material ensures the stability of the relative position between the radiator and the feed structure.

[0010] Optionally, the length of the long slot is between 1 / 4 and 3 / 4 of the center wavelength, the width of the long slot is less than 1 / 4 of the center wavelength, and the depth of the long slot is between 1 / 8 and 1 / 2 of the center wavelength. In this way, the dimensions of the long slot can be designed based on the first operating frequency band, with the dimensions of the long slot varying for different operating frequency bands. The larger the center frequency of the first operating frequency band, the smaller the long slot dimensions. Accordingly, the first operating frequency band of the antenna can also be determined through calculation or simulation based on the dimensions of the long slot.

[0011] Optionally, the length of the long slot is 3mm to 8mm, the width of the long slot is 0.5mm to 2mm, and the depth of the long slot is 1 / 4 of the center wavelength. In this way, the first operating frequency band of the antenna can cover the N258 frequency band (frequency range is 24.25GHz to 27.5GHz).

[0012] Optionally, the length of the long slot is 3mm to 8mm, the width of the long slot is 0.5mm to 2mm, and the depth of the long slot is 1 / 4 of the center wavelength. The second feed branch of the feeding structure is sheet-shaped, the distance between the second feed branch and the first conductive side wall is greater than 0mm and less than 0.5mm, and the dimension of the second feed branch along the length direction of the long slot is greater than 1mm. In this way, the first operating frequency band of the antenna can cover the N258 band (frequency range of 24.25GHz to 27.5GHz), and the second operating frequency band of the antenna can cover the N257 band (frequency range of 26.5GHz to 29.5GHz).

[0013] Optionally, the antenna further includes a signal reference ground, and the conductive sidewall is electrically connected to the signal reference ground. This provides the antenna with its own signal reference ground, eliminating the need for signal return from other parts of the electronic device. Therefore, the antenna's placement is not restricted by the location of the signal reference grounds of other parts of the electronic device.

[0014] Optionally, the antenna does not include a signal reference ground, and the conductive sidewall uses the signal reference ground of other parts in the electronic device (such as the metal housing of the electronic device) to achieve signal return. In this way, the antenna has a simple structure, a small size, and a low cost.

[0015] Optionally, the antenna further includes a circuit board, which is formed by alternating and stacking metal layers and insulating dielectric layers, wherein the metal layers include a first metal layer; the conductive bottom wall is formed by a portion of the first metal layer. In this way, the conductive bottom wall is integrated into the circuit board, thereby ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the conductive bottom wall.

[0016] Optionally, the conductive sidewall is formed by paving a plurality of first metallized vias provided in the circuit board, wherein the first metallized vias extend along the stacking direction of the metal layer and the insulating dielectric layer. In this way, the conductive sidewall is integrated into the circuit board, facilitating ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the conductive sidewall.

[0017] Optionally, the metal layer further includes a second metal layer, the signal reference ground is a metal reference plane within the second metal layer, and each of the plurality of first metalized vias is electrically connected to the signal reference ground. In this way, the signal reference ground is integrated within the circuit board, facilitating ensuring the relative positional accuracy between the signal reference ground and the conductive sidewall.

[0018] Optionally, the second feed branch comprises a plurality of second metallized vias disposed within the circuit board, the second metallized vias extending along the stacking direction of the metal layer and the insulating dielectric layer, and each of the plurality of second metallized vias being electrically connected to the first feed branch. In this manner, the second feed branch of the feed structure is integrated within the circuit board, thereby ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the second feed branch of the feed structure.

[0019] Optionally, there are multiple feed structures, and the second feed branches of the multiple feed structures have the same structure and size. The second feed branches of the multiple feed structures are arranged in a row along the length of the long slot, and the spacing between the second feed branches of the multiple feed structures and the first conductive sidewall is equal. The spacing between the second feed branches of the multiple feed structures and the second conductive sidewall is equal. In this way, the multiple feed structures share a single radiator, and the antenna gain can be increased by feeding power simultaneously through the multiple feed structures.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device comprising a metal shell and an antenna; a radiation window is provided on the metal shell; the antenna is the antenna described in any technical solution in the first aspect, the antenna is located in the metal shell, and the opening of the long slot of the antenna faces the radiation window.

[0021] Since the antenna used in the electronic device of the present embodiment is the same as the antenna described in any of the above technical solutions, the size of the radiation window can be smaller, ensuring the appearance consistency of the electronic device. At the same time, the radiation bandwidth of the electronic device is larger.

[0022] Optionally, the electronic device is a mobile phone, and the metal shell is a back cover of the mobile phone.

[0023] Optionally, the radiation window is filled with a second dielectric material, including but not limited to plastic, rubber, and silicone. This second dielectric material blocks the radiation window, preventing moisture, dust, and the like from entering the electronic device through the radiation window and affecting its performance. Furthermore, the second dielectric material does not affect the antenna's transmission or reception.

[0024] Optionally, the conductive sidewall of the antenna is electrically connected to the edge of the metal housing at the radiation window. Since the metal housing of an electronic device is typically grounded, electrically connecting the conductive sidewall of the antenna to the edge of the metal housing at the radiation window allows the metal housing to serve as the antenna's signal reference ground, eliminating the need for a signal reference ground within the antenna and reducing the antenna's structural complexity.

[0025] Optionally, the metal shell includes a first wall panel, a plurality of antennas, and the openings of the long slots of the plurality of antennas all face the first wall panel; the plurality of antennas include a first antenna and a second antenna, the orthographic projection length of the long slot of the first antenna in a first direction is greater than or equal to the orthographic projection length of the long slot of the first antenna in a second direction, the orthographic projection length of the long slot of the second antenna in the first direction is less than the orthographic projection length of the long slot of the second antenna in the second direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the first wall panel; the first wall panel is provided with a plurality of radiation windows, and the openings of the long slots of the plurality of antennas respectively face the plurality of radiation windows. In this way, the polarization direction of the first antenna is the second direction, and the polarization direction of the second antenna is the first direction. The plurality of antennas form an antenna group with two polarization directions, thereby enabling simultaneous transmission and reception of two signals, thereby improving the transceiver capability and communication capacity of the system.

[0026] Optionally, there are multiple first antennas, and the multiple first antenna arrays are arranged in a plane parallel to the first wall panel. This allows beamforming to be performed using the multiple first antennas to increase antenna gain. Furthermore, by providing a phase adjustment device such as a phase shifter between the multiple first antennas and the transceiver, or within the transceiver, the multiple first antennas can perform time-division scanning in the array direction of the multiple first antennas, thereby increasing the antenna coverage.

[0027] Optionally, there are multiple second antennas, and the array of multiple second antennas is arranged in a plane parallel to the first wall. This allows beamforming to be performed using the multiple second antennas to increase antenna gain. Furthermore, by providing a phase adjustment device such as a phase shifter between the multiple second antennas and the transceiver, or within the transceiver, the multiple second antennas can perform time-division scanning in the array direction of the multiple second antennas, thereby increasing the antenna coverage.

[0028] Optionally, a logo is provided on the outer surface of the metal shell, and the radiation window is provided in the area where the logo is located. In this way, the radiation window can be hidden in the logo area, which can further ensure the appearance consistency of the electronic device.

[0029] Optionally, the logo includes one or more of graphics, English letters, numbers, and Chinese characters.

[0030] Optionally, the logo includes a chrysanthemum pattern, the chrysanthemum pattern includes 8 petals, and the radiation window is arranged in the longer 6 petals of the 8 petals.

[0031] Optionally, the logo includes capital English letters "A", "B", "D", "E", "F", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "P", "R", "T", "U", "V", "W", "Z", lowercase English letters "b", "d", "f", "h", "i", "k", "l", "m", "n", "p", "t", "u", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z", numbers "1", "4", "7", and one or more of the Chinese characters "one", "two", and "m".

[0032] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a front cover and an antenna, the front cover having a display area and a shading area located at the edge of the display area, the inner surface of the shading area being provided with a shading layer; the antenna is the antenna described in any technical solution in the first aspect, the antenna being arranged on the side of the shading layer away from the shading area, the opening of the long slot of the antenna facing the shading layer, and the length direction of the long slot of the antenna being consistent with the length direction of the shading layer.

[0033] Because the electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the antenna described in any of the technical solutions of the first aspect, the electronic device has a large radiation bandwidth. Furthermore, because the opening size of the long slot of the antenna is small, the antenna occupies a small area on the front cover of the electronic device, making it easier to install inside the electronic device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 A perspective view of an antenna provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 2 a top view of the antenna shown;

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the antenna along the AA direction;

[0038] Figure 5 A top view of an antenna provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0039] Figure 6 A top view of an antenna provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0040] Figure 7 A top view of an antenna provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0041] Figure 8a for Figure 7 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the antenna along the BB direction is shown;

[0042] Figure 8b for Figure 7 The antenna is shown as a cross-sectional perspective view along the BB direction with the insulating dielectric layer removed;

[0043] Figure 9 for Figure 2 a graph of the input return loss versus frequency for the antenna shown;

[0044] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0045] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the back structure of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0046] Figure 12 for Figure 11 An enlarged view of area I in the electronic device shown;

[0047] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the electronic device shown along the CC direction;

[0048] Figure 14 for Figure 12 A graph showing the relationship between input return loss and frequency, and efficiency and frequency, of a horizontally polarized array in the electronic device shown;

[0049] Figure 15 for Figure 12A graph showing the relationship between input return loss and frequency, and efficiency and frequency, of a vertically polarized array in the electronic device shown;

[0050] Figure 16 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0051] Figure 17 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0052] Figure 18 A top view of an antenna provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0053] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the outer surface structure of a metal casing of an electronic device provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0054] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the outer surface structure of the metal casing of an electronic device provided in some further embodiments of the present application.

[0055] Reference numerals:

[0056] 100-antenna; 101-radiator; 1011-conductive side wall; 1011a-first conductive side wall; 1011c-third conductive side wall; 1011d-fourth conductive side wall; 1011b-second conductive side wall; 1012-conductive bottom wall; 1013-long slot; 102-feeding structure; 1021-first feeding branch; 1022-second feeding branch; 103-circuit board; 1031-metal layer; 1031a-first metal layer; 1031b-second metal layer; 1032-insulating dielectric layer; 200-transmitter / receiver; 300-processor; 1-back cover; 11-radiation window; 12-plastic; 2-front cover; 21-display area; 22-shading area; 10-first wall panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0058] In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0059] In the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the term "electrical connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, current conduction can be achieved through direct connection, or electrical energy conduction can be achieved through capacitive coupling.

[0060] This application relates to antennas and electronic devices. The following briefly describes the concepts involved in this application:

[0061] Slot antenna: refers to a type of antenna that uses narrow gaps in metal structures for radiation.

[0062] Dielectric slot antenna: An antenna with a slot on the metal floor on the back of the dielectric to radiate through the slot.

[0063] Cavity-backed slot antenna: This antenna has a slot on a metal plane with a cavity and uses this slot for radiation. Essentially, a cavity-backed slot antenna is a surface antenna with a metal waveguide structure.

[0064] Dielectric material: also known as dielectric, is an electrical insulating material.

[0065] Electronic equipment: refers to equipment composed of electronic components such as integrated circuits, transistors, and electron tubes, and which uses electronic technology (including) software to function, including but not limited to mobile phones, computers, base stations, and routers.

[0066] As electronic devices become increasingly miniaturized and thinner, their housings are increasingly becoming metal to ensure their rigidity. Signals emitted by antennas within electronic devices radiate outward through slots in the metal housing. The smaller the slot width, the more consistent the metal housing's appearance. However, the smaller the slot width, the smaller the antenna's radiation aperture and the lower its bandwidth.

[0067] In order to improve the appearance consistency of the metal housing of an electronic device while expanding the bandwidth of an antenna, the present application provides an electronic device, including but not limited to a mobile phone, a PC, a tablet computer, a base station, and a router. The electronic device includes an antenna.

[0068] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 1As shown, in addition to the antenna 100, the electronic device also includes a transceiver 200 and a processor 300. The antenna 100 is electrically connected to the transceiver 200, and the transceiver 200 is electrically connected to the processor 300. The processor 300 is used to generate a transmit signal or process a receive signal. The processor 300 can be a baseband processor, a digital signal processor, a microprocessor, or a central processing unit. The transceiver 200 is also called a transceiver, a radio frequency transceiver, a radio frequency circuit, or a signal transceiver circuit. The transceiver 200 is used to receive a transmit signal from the processor 300, modulate and process the transmit signal, and transmit the transmit signal to the antenna 100. At the same time, the transceiver 200 is also used to demodulate and process the receive signal received by the antenna 100 and transmit it to the processor 300.

[0069] The present application also provides an antenna, which is an antenna in the above-mentioned electronic device, and includes but is not limited to a low-frequency antenna, a medium-high-frequency antenna, a wireless fidelity (WIFI) antenna, a Sub6G antenna, a millimeter-wave antenna, etc.

[0070] Figure 2 A perspective view of an antenna provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, antenna 100 includes a radiator 101. Radiator 101 is used to convert a transmit signal into an electromagnetic wave and radiate it into free space to transmit the signal. Radiator 101 is also used to convert the electromagnetic wave in free space into a receive signal to receive the signal.

[0071] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A top view of the antenna shown, Figure 4 for Figure 3 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the antenna along the AA direction is shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the radiator 101 includes a conductive side wall 1011 and a conductive bottom wall 1012. The conductive side wall 1011 is arranged around the edge of the conductive bottom wall 1012 and is electrically connected to the conductive bottom wall 1012. The conductive side wall 1011 and the conductive bottom wall 1012 enclose a long groove 1013, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, one end of the long groove 1013 away from the conductive bottom wall 1012 is open.

[0072] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the conductive sidewall 1011 includes a first conductive sidewall 1011 a and a second conductive sidewall 1011 b forming two long sides of the long groove 1013 , and a third conductive sidewall 1011 c and a fourth conductive sidewall 1011 d forming two short sides of the long groove 1013 .

[0073] The first conductive side wall 1011 a and the second conductive side wall 1011 b can be planar walls or curved walls, which is not specifically limited here. Figures 2 to 4 Only an example is given in which the first conductive sidewall 1011a and the second conductive sidewall 1011b are plane walls, which cannot be considered as a limitation to the present application.

[0074] Figure 5 This is a top view of the antenna provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the first conductive sidewall 1011a and the second conductive sidewall 1011b are both arcuate walls, the radius of the first conductive sidewall 1011a is R1, the radius of the second conductive sidewall 1011b is R2, R1 and R2 are equal, and the first conductive sidewall 1011a is parallel to the second conductive sidewall 1011b.

[0075] The third conductive sidewall 1011c and the fourth conductive sidewall 1011d may be planar walls or curved walls, which is not specifically limited here. Figures 2 to 4 Only an example is given in which the third conductive sidewall 1011c and the fourth conductive sidewall 1011d are both planar walls, which cannot be considered as a limitation to the present application.

[0076] Figure 6 This is a top view of the antenna provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, the third conductive side wall 1011c and the fourth conductive side wall 1011d are both semicircular arc walls.

[0077] The first conductive side wall 1011a, the second conductive side wall 1011b, the third conductive side wall 1011c and the fourth conductive side wall 1011d can be an independent metal plate, or a metal layer arranged on a dielectric structure (such as a dielectric board), or can be paved by a row of metallized vias arranged in a circuit board, and no specific limitation is made here. Figures 2 to 4 Only an example is shown in which the first conductive sidewall 1011a, the second conductive sidewall 1011b, the third conductive sidewall 1011c and the fourth conductive sidewall 1011d are all independent metal plates, which cannot be considered as a limitation to the present application.

[0078] Figure 7 A top view of an antenna provided in some embodiments of the present application is shown. Figure 8a for Figure 7 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the antenna along the BB direction is shown in FIG. Figure 8b for Figure 7 The antenna is shown as a cross-sectional perspective view along the BB direction with the insulating dielectric layer removed. Figure 7 、 Figure 8a and Figure 8bAs shown, the antenna 100 also includes a circuit board 103. The circuit board 103 includes but is not limited to a printed circuit board (PCB) and a flexible printed circuit (FPC). The circuit board 103 is formed by alternating and stacking metal layers 1031 and insulating dielectric layers 1032. The metal layer 1031 includes a first metal layer 1031a and a second metal layer 1031b. The number of the first metal layer 1031a can be one or more, which is not specifically limited here. For example, Figure 8a and Figure 8b As shown, the number of the first metal layer 1031a is two. The number of the second metal layer 1031b can be one or more, which is not specifically limited here. Figure 8a and Figure 8b As shown, the number of the second metal layers 1031b is four.

[0079] like Figure 7 、 Figure 8a and Figure 8b As shown, the first conductive sidewall 1011a, the second conductive sidewall 1011b, the third conductive sidewall 1011c, and the fourth conductive sidewall 1011d are respectively formed by paving four rows of first metallized vias a provided in the circuit board 103. The first metallized vias a extend along the stacking direction of the metal layer 1031 and the insulating dielectric layer 1032. In this way, integrating the first conductive sidewall 1011a, the second conductive sidewall 1011b, the third conductive sidewall 1011c, and the fourth conductive sidewall 1011d in the circuit board 103 helps ensure the relative positional accuracy between the first conductive sidewall 1011a, the second conductive sidewall 1011b, the third conductive sidewall 1011c, and the fourth conductive sidewall 1011d.

[0080] The first conductive sidewall 1011a, the second conductive sidewall 1011b, the third conductive sidewall 1011c and the fourth conductive sidewall 1011d are used to connect to a signal reference ground. The antenna 100 may include a signal reference ground or not, which is not specifically limited here.

[0081] In some embodiments, antenna 100 also includes a signal reference ground. The first conductive sidewall 1011a, the second conductive sidewall 1011b, the third conductive sidewall 1011c, and the fourth conductive sidewall 1011d are all electrically connected to the signal reference ground. This provides antenna 100 with its own signal reference ground, eliminating the need for signal return paths from other parts of the electronic device. Therefore, the placement of antenna 100 is not restricted by the location of signal reference grounds within the electronic device.

[0082] In the above embodiment, the signal reference ground can be a metal plate, a metal layer provided on a dielectric structure (such as a dielectric plate), or a metal reference surface within a metal layer in a circuit board, and is not specifically limited here.

[0083] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 、 Figure 8a and Figure 8b As shown, the signal reference ground is a metal reference plane in the second metal layer 1031b in the circuit board 103, and the metal reference plane is electrically connected to each first metallized via a, thereby realizing electrical connection between the first conductive side wall 1011a, the second conductive side wall 1011b, the third conductive side wall 1011c, the fourth conductive side wall 1011d and the signal reference ground.

[0084] In other embodiments, Figures 2 to 4 As shown, antenna 100 does not include a signal reference ground. Instead, first conductive sidewall 1011a, second conductive sidewall 1011b, third conductive sidewall 1011c, and fourth conductive sidewall 1011d utilize signal reference grounds elsewhere within the electronic device (e.g., the metal housing of the electronic device) for signal return. This allows antenna 100 to have a simple structure, a small size, and a low cost.

[0085] The conductive bottom wall 1012 may be an independent metal plate, or a metal layer disposed on a dielectric structure (such as a dielectric plate), which is not specifically limited here.

[0086] In some embodiments, as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the conductive bottom wall 1012 is an independent metal plate. This structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0087] In other embodiments, Figure 7 、 Figure 8a and Figure 8b As shown, the conductive bottom wall 1012 is a partial area of ​​the first metal layer 1031a in the circuit board 103. In this way, the relative position accuracy between the conductive bottom wall 1012 and the conductive side wall 1011 is ensured.

[0088] The first conductive sidewall 1011a, the second conductive sidewall 1011b, the third conductive sidewall 1011c, and the fourth conductive sidewall 1011d can be perpendicular to the conductive bottom wall 1012, or can form an angle within the range of (90-θ)° to (90+θ)° with the conductive bottom wall 1012, which is not specifically limited herein. Optionally, θ can be 0° to 5° or 0° to 10°. Figures 2 to 4Only an example is given in which the first conductive sidewall 1011a, the second conductive sidewall 1011b, the third conductive sidewall 1011c and the fourth conductive sidewall 1011d are perpendicular to the conductive bottom wall 1012, which cannot be considered as a limitation to the present application.

[0089] The first conductive side wall 1011a, the second conductive side wall 1011b, the third conductive side wall 1011c, the fourth conductive side wall 1011d and the conductive bottom wall 1012 may be formed as one piece, or may be formed separately and then assembled together, which is not specifically limited here.

[0090] like Figure 2 As shown, the antenna further includes a feeding structure 102. The feeding structure 102 is used to feed the transmission signal output by the transceiver 200 into the radiator 101, and is also used to transmit the reception signal converted by the radiator 101 to the transceiver 200.

[0091] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the feeding structure 102 includes a first feeding branch 1021 and a second feeding branch 1022 .

[0092] The first feed branch 1021 is provided on the radiator 101 and is insulated from the radiator 101. The end of the first feed branch 1021 located outside the radiator 101 is used to electrically connect to the transmitter and receiver in the electronic device via a microstrip line, coaxial cable, spring clip, etc. The second feed branch 1022 is located in the long slot 1013 and is electrically connected to the end of the first feed branch 1021 located in the long slot 1013. The first feed branch 1021 is used to direct the high-frequency transmission signal output by the transmitter and receiver to the second feed branch 1022 in the long slot 1013, and the second feed branch 1022 is used to feed the high-frequency transmission signal into the radiator 101 through capacitive coupling.

[0093] The first feeding branch 1021 may be a probe structure or a microstrip line structure, which is not specifically limited here.

[0094] The first feeding branch 1021 can be arranged on the conductive side wall 1011 of the radiator 101, specifically on the first conductive side wall 1011a, the second conductive side wall 1011b, the third conductive side wall 1011c or the fourth conductive side wall 1011d, or on the conductive bottom wall 1012 of the radiator 101, or on the conductive side wall 1011 and the conductive bottom wall 1012, which is not specifically limited here.

[0095] To reduce the interference of the first feeding branch 1021 on the electric field within the long slot 1013, in some embodiments, the first feeding branch 1021 is disposed through the first conductive side wall 1011a, the second conductive side wall 1011b, or the conductive bottom wall 1012 of the radiator 101. In this way, the first feeding branch 1021 extends a shorter distance into the long slot 1013, thereby minimizing the interference with the electric field within the long slot 1013.

[0096] To achieve insulation between the first feed branch 1021 and the radiator 101, in some embodiments, a through hole (not shown) for inserting the first feed branch 1021 is provided on the conductive side wall 1011 or the conductive bottom wall 1012. An insulating spacer material (not shown) is placed between the first feed branch 1021 and the inner wall of the through hole. In this way, insulation between the first feed branch 1021 and the radiator 101 is achieved by the insulating spacer material.

[0097] The second feeding branch 1022 does not contact the inner surface of the long slot 1013 , that is, the second feeding branch 1022 does not contact the first conductive sidewall 1011 a , the second conductive sidewall 1011 b , the third conductive sidewall 1011 c , the fourth conductive sidewall 1011 d and the conductive bottom wall 1012 .

[0098] There is a capacitive coupling effect between the second feeding branch 1022 and the first conductive sidewall 1011a, and between the second feeding branch 1022 and the second conductive sidewall 1011b, and as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the distance d1 between the second feeding branch 1022 and the first conductive sidewall 1011 a is smaller than the distance d2 between the second feeding branch 1022 and the second conductive sidewall 1011 b .

[0099] In the above embodiments, the second feed branch 1022 may be in the form of a block, plate, sheet, strip, needle, or filament, or may be formed by electrically connecting multiple strip-shaped, needle-shaped, or filament-shaped structures located in the same plane, such as a "T"-shaped structure formed by electrically connecting two probes located in the same plane. When the second feed branch 1022 is in the form of a strip, needle, or filament, the length of the second feed branch 1022 may extend in a straight line or in a planar curve, without specific limitation, as long as there is a capacitive coupling effect between the second feed branch 1022 and the first conductive sidewall 1011a, and between the second feed branch 1022 and the second conductive sidewall 1011b.

[0100] The second feeding branch 1022 may be a metal structure, a metal layer provided on a dielectric structure (such as a dielectric board), or a metalized via provided in a circuit board, which is not specifically limited here.

[0101] In some embodiments, as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the second feeding branch 1022 is in sheet shape and is a metal structure. This structure is simple and easy to manufacture.

[0102] In other embodiments, Figure 7 、 Figure 8a and Figure 8b As shown, the second feed branch 1022 is plate-shaped and is composed of two rows of second metallized vias b disposed within the circuit board 103. Each second metallized via b extends along the stacking direction of the metal layer 1031 and the insulating dielectric layer 1032, and each second metallized via b in the two rows is electrically connected to the first feed branch 1021. This facilitates ensuring the relative positional accuracy between the second feed branch 1022 and the first feed branch 1021, as well as between the second feed branch 1022 and the radiator 101.

[0103] In some embodiments, when the second feeding branch 1022 is in the shape of a plate, a sheet, a strip, a needle, or a filament extending in a straight line or a planar curve, or is formed by electrically connecting multiple strip-shaped structures, needle-shaped structures, or filament-shaped structures located in the same plane, the second feeding branch 1022 is arranged parallel to the first conductive sidewall 1011a, and the second feeding branch 1022 is arranged parallel to the second conductive sidewall 1011b.

[0104] In the above embodiments, it should be noted that when the second feed branch 1022 is formed by a plurality of strip-like structures, needle-like structures, or filament-like structures located in the same plane and electrically connected to each other, or the second feed branch 1022 is in the shape of a strip, needle, or filament extending along a plane curve, the second feed branch 1022 being parallel to the first conductive side wall 1011a means that the plane in which the second feed branch 1022 is located is parallel to the first conductive side wall 1011a, and the second feed branch 1022 being parallel to the second conductive side wall 1011b means that the plane in which the second feed branch 1022 is located is parallel to the second conductive side wall 1011b.

[0105] In addition, it should be noted that the parallelism between the second feed branch 1022 and the first conductive sidewall 1011a does not mean absolute parallelism, but rather means that the angle between the second feed branch 1022 and the first conductive sidewall 1011a is less than a preset angle, which is considered parallel. In some embodiments, the preset angle can be 1° or 2°. Correspondingly, the parallelism between the second feed branch 1022 and the second conductive sidewall 1011b does not mean absolute parallelism, but rather means that the angle between the second feed branch 1022 and the second conductive sidewall 1011b is less than the above-mentioned preset angle, which is considered parallel.

[0106] In some embodiments, the long slot 1013 is filled with a first dielectric material (not shown), and the portion of the first feed branch 1021 located within the long slot 1013 and the second feed branch 1022 are both embedded in the first dielectric material. In this way, the feed structure 102 is encapsulated to prevent water, conductive dust, and the like from entering the long slot 1013 and affecting the performance of the antenna 100. Furthermore, the first dielectric material ensures the stability of the relative position between the radiator 101 and the feed structure 102.

[0107] According to the above description, the antenna provided in this application is an antenna similar to a back-cavity slot antenna. The long slot 1013 of the antenna provided in this application is equivalent to the back cavity of the back-cavity slot antenna, and the opening at one end of the long slot 1013 away from the conductive bottom wall 1012 is equivalent to the slot of the back-cavity slot antenna.

[0108] When the feeding structure 102 feeds a signal of the first operating frequency band to the radiator 101, the signal can penetrate the gap between the second feeding branch 1022 and the first conductive side wall 1011a, and between the second feeding branch 1022 and the second conductive side wall 1011b, and feed into the first conductive side wall 1011a and the second conductive side wall 1011b. As a result, the feeding structure 102 can excite the entire long slot 1013 to produce resonance. The electric field in the long slot 1013 runs through the entire width of the long slot. The electromagnetic wave generated by the electric field is reflected by the conductive bottom wall 1012 and radiated from the opening to the free space outside the radiator 101. It can be seen that the radiation port of the antenna 100 provided in the present application is the opening of the long slot 1013. The size of the opening is small, and the higher the operating frequency of the antenna 100, the smaller the size of the antenna 100, and the smaller the size of the opening. When the antenna 100 is applied to an electronic device with a metal shell, the gap on the metal shell can be opened smaller, which can ensure the appearance consistency of the electronic device.

[0109] At the same time, when a signal in a second operating frequency band having a frequency greater than the first operating frequency band is fed to the radiator 101 through the feeding structure 102, since the distance d1 between the second feeding branch 1022 and the first conductive sidewall 1011a is smaller than the distance d2 between the second feeding branch 1022 and the second conductive sidewall 1011b, the capacitance between the second feeding branch 1022 and the first conductive sidewall 1011a is greater than the capacitance between the second feeding branch 1022 and the second conductive sidewall 1011b. Therefore, the high-frequency signal fed by the second feeding branch 1022 cannot penetrate the gap between the second feeding branch 1022 and the first conductive sidewall 1011a. Therefore, the feeding structure 102 only excites the gap between the second feeding branch 1022 and the second conductive sidewall 1011b, generating an additional resonance. At this time, the radiating port of the antenna 100 is the gap between the second feeding branch 1022 and the second conductive sidewall 1011b, thereby widening the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0110] It should be noted that the first operating frequency band described above is a lower operating frequency band of the antenna 100. The first operating frequency band can be the N258 frequency band (frequency range: 24.25 GHz to 27.5 GHz), the N257 frequency band (frequency range: 26.5 GHz to 29.5 GHz), or other frequency bands, and is not specifically limited herein. Specifically, the first operating frequency band is primarily determined by the size of the long slot 1013 formed by the radiator 101.

[0111] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the length L of the long slot 1013 is 1 / 4 times the center wavelength to 3 / 4 times the center wavelength, and the width W of the long slot 1013 is less than 1 / 4 times the center wavelength. Figure 4 As shown, the depth H of the long slot 1013 is 1 / 8 times the center wavelength to 1 / 2 times the center wavelength. The center wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first working frequency band. For example, the first working frequency band is f1 to f2, f2>f1, then the center frequency of the first frequency band f0=(f1+f2) / 2, the center wavelength λ0=C / f0, where C is the transmission speed of the electromagnetic wave, C is usually 3×10 8 m / s. Thus, the size of the slot 1013 can be designed based on the first operating frequency band. The size of the slot 1013 varies for different operating frequency bands. The larger the center frequency of the first operating frequency band, the smaller the size of the slot 1013. Accordingly, the first operating frequency band of the antenna can also be determined through calculation or simulation based on the size of the slot 1013.

[0112] For example, the length L of the long slot 1013 is 3 mm to 8 mm, the width W of the long slot 1013 is 0.5 mm to 2 mm, and the depth H of the long slot 1013 is 1 / 4 of the center wavelength. In this way, the first operating frequency band of the antenna 100 can cover the N258 frequency band (frequency range of 24.25 GHz to 27.5 GHz).

[0113] In addition, it should be noted that the second operating frequency band is a higher operating frequency band of the antenna 100. The second operating frequency band can be the N257 band (frequency range of 26.5 GHz to 29.5 GHz), the N260 band (frequency range of 37 GHz to 40 GHz), or other frequency bands, which are not specifically limited here. Specifically, the second operating frequency band is determined by the size of the long slot 1013 surrounded by the radiator 101, the size of the feed structure 102, and the relative positional relationship between the feed structure 102 and the long slot 1013.

[0114] In some embodiments, the length L of the long slot 1013 is 3 mm to 8 mm, the width W of the long slot 1013 is 0.5 mm to 2 mm, and the depth H of the long slot 1013 is 1 / 4 of the center wavelength. The second feed branch 1022 of the feed structure 102 is sheet-shaped, the distance d1 between the second feed branch 1022 and the first conductive sidewall 1011a is greater than 0 mm and less than 0.5 mm, and the dimension of the second feed branch 1022 along the length of the long slot 1013 is greater than 1 mm. In this way, the first operating frequency band of the antenna 100 can cover the N258 frequency band (frequency range of 24.25 GHz to 27.5 GHz), and the second operating frequency band of the antenna 100 can cover the N257 frequency band (frequency range of 26.5 GHz to 29.5 GHz).

[0115] simulation Figure 2 The input return loss (also known as the S parameter) of the antenna 100 is recorded in Figure 9 In. Figure 9 As shown, the antenna 100 has two resonant frequency points (respectively, resonant frequency point 1 and resonant frequency point 2), resonant frequency point 1 is in the first working frequency band, and the frequency of resonant frequency point 1 is the center frequency of the first working frequency band, and resonant frequency point 2 is in the second working frequency band, and the frequency of resonant frequency point 2 is the center frequency of the second working frequency band. Since the antenna 100 has two working frequency bands, the bandwidth of the antenna 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is larger, which can increase the number of frequency bands covered by the antenna 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0116] In the antenna 100 provided in the present application, the number of the feeding structures 102 may be one or more, which is not specifically limited herein. Figures 2 to 7Only one example of the number of the feeding structure 102 in the antenna 100 is given, which should not be considered as a limitation to the present application.

[0117] Figure 18 This is a top view of the antenna provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 18 As shown, the number of the feeding structures 102 of the antenna 100 is multiple, and the second feeding branches 1022 of the multiple feeding structures 102 have the same structure and size. The second feeding branches 1022 of the multiple feeding structures 102 are connected along the length direction of the long slot 1013 (that is, Figure 18 The antenna 100 is arranged in a row along the direction X shown in FIG. 1 , and the second feed branches 1022 of the plurality of feed structures 102 are spaced equally from the first conductive sidewall 1011a, and the second feed branches 1022 of the plurality of feed structures 102 are spaced equally from the second conductive sidewall 1011b. In this way, the plurality of feed structures 102 share a common radiator 101, enabling simultaneous feeding through the plurality of feed structures 102 to improve the gain of the antenna 100.

[0118] In the above embodiment, the number of the feeding structures 102 of the antenna 100 can be two, three, four, etc., which is not specifically limited here. Figure 18 Only an example in which the number of the feeding structures 102 of the antenna 100 is two is given, which cannot be considered as a limitation to the present application.

[0119] It should be noted that the phases of the signals fed into the radiator 101 by the multiple feeding structures 102 of the antenna 100 must remain consistent. In this way, high isolation can be ensured between the multiple feeding structures 102 of the antenna 100, reducing crosstalk between the multiple feeding structures 102.

[0120] In addition to the antenna 100 described in any of the above embodiments, the electronic device further includes a housing. The antenna 100 may be disposed within or outside the housing, without specific limitation herein. The housing may be metal or non-metallic, without specific limitation herein.

[0121] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device includes a metal housing 1. The material of the metal housing 1 includes, but is not limited to, copper, iron, aluminum, copper alloys, iron alloys, and aluminum alloys. The metal housing 1 can be a closed housing as a whole or a housing wall panel, such as a back cover, without specific limitation herein. Figure 10The metal housing 1 is merely an example of a back cover, which is not to be considered as a limitation of the present application. The metal housing 1 is provided with a radiation window 11, the size of which can be the same as the opening of the antenna 100 or larger than the opening of the antenna 100, without any specific limitation herein.

[0122] The antenna 100 described in any of the above embodiments is located in the metal housing 1. Optionally, the antenna 100 is fixed to the metal housing 1 by gluing (such as conductive glue), welding, or clamping. The opening of the long slot 1013 of the antenna 100 faces the radiation window 11.

[0123] Since the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the antenna 100 described in any of the above embodiments, the size of the radiation window 11 can be smaller, thereby ensuring the appearance consistency of the electronic device. At the same time, the radiation bandwidth of the electronic device is larger.

[0124] Optionally, the radiation window 11 is filled with a second dielectric material 12, including but not limited to plastic, rubber, and silicone. This second dielectric material 12 blocks the radiation window 11, preventing moisture, dust, and the like from entering the electronic device through the radiation window 11 and affecting its performance. Furthermore, the second dielectric material 12 does not affect the transmission and reception of the antenna 100.

[0125] In some embodiments, as Figure 10 As shown, the conductive sidewall 1011 of the antenna 100 is electrically connected to the edge of the metal housing 1 at the radiation window 11. Since the metal housing 1 of an electronic device is usually grounded, the conductive sidewall 1011 of the antenna 100 is electrically connected to the edge of the metal housing 1 at the radiation window 11. This allows the metal housing 1 to serve as a signal reference ground for the antenna 100, eliminating the need for a signal reference ground within the antenna 100 and reducing the structural complexity of the antenna 100.

[0126] In the above embodiment, the conductive side wall 1011 of the antenna 100 and the edge of the metal shell 1 at the radiation window 11 can be electrically connected by welding, conductive adhesive bonding, etc., which is not specifically limited here.

[0127] The number of antennas 100 included in the electronic device may be one or more, and is not specifically limited here. The metal housing 1 may include only one wall panel or may include multiple wall panels that enclose a closed cavity, and is not specifically limited here. When the electronic device includes multiple antennas 100 and the metal housing 1 includes multiple wall panels, the openings of the long slots of the multiple antennas 100 may face the same wall panel of the metal housing 1, or may face multiple wall panels of the metal housing 1, and is not specifically limited here.

[0128] In some embodiments, Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 12 for Figure 11 An enlarged view of area I in the electronic device shown, Figure 13 for Figure 12 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the electronic device along the CC direction is shown in FIG. Figures 11 to 13 As shown, the metal shell 1 includes a first wall panel 10 , which can be a rear wall panel or a side wall panel. Figures 11 to 13 Only an example of the first wall plate 10 being the rear wall plate is given, which cannot be considered as a limitation of the present application. There are multiple antennas 100 in the electronic device, and the openings of the long slots of the multiple antennas 100 are all facing the first wall plate 10. The multiple antennas 100 include a first antenna 100a and a second antenna 100b. The long slot of the first antenna 100a is in the first direction (i.e., Figure 12 The length of the orthographic projection in the direction F1) is greater than or equal to the length of the long slot of the first antenna 100a in the second direction (i.e. Figure 12 The orthographic projection length of the slot of the first antenna 100a in the direction F2) is less than or equal to 45°. The orthographic projection length of the slot of the second antenna 100b in the first direction is less than the orthographic projection length of the slot of the second antenna 100b in the second direction. In other words, the angle between the length of the slot of the second antenna 100b and the second direction is less than 45°. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and both the first and second directions are parallel to the first wall panel 10. The first and second directions are preset directions and can be set based on the orientation of the electronic device when in use. For example, the first direction is the vertical orientation of the electronic device when in use, and the second direction is the horizontal orientation of the electronic device when in use. Thus, the polarization direction of the first antenna 100a is the second direction, and the polarization direction of the second antenna 100b is the first direction. Multiple antennas 100 form an antenna group with two polarization directions, thereby enabling simultaneous transmission and reception of two signals, thereby improving the system's transceiver capabilities and communication capacity.

[0129] The number of the first antenna 100a in the plurality of antennas 100 may be one or more, which is not specifically limited here. Figure 12As shown, there are multiple first antennas 100a, and the array of multiple first antennas 100a is arranged in a plane parallel to the first wall panel 10. In this way, beamforming can be performed by the multiple first antennas 100a to improve the gain of the multiple antennas 100 in the second direction. At the same time, by providing a phase adjustment device such as a phase shifter between the multiple first antennas 100a and the transceiver, or within the transceiver, the multiple first antennas 100a can perform time-division scanning in the array direction of the multiple first antennas 100a, thereby increasing the signal coverage range.

[0130] In the above embodiment, it should be noted that the multiple first antennas 100a are arrayed in a plane parallel to the first wall panel 10, which means that the arrangement positions of the multiple first antennas 100a are distributed in an array in a plane parallel to the first wall panel 10, and the placement orientation of each first antenna 100a in the multiple first antennas 100a may be consistent, inconsistent, or partially consistent, which is not specifically limited here. Figure 12 An example is shown in which the placement orientations of the multiple first antennas 100 a are inconsistent.

[0131] The number of the first antennas 100a can be two, three, four, etc., which is not specifically limited here. Figure 12 As shown, there are four first antennas 100a, which are arranged approximately in a row along the second direction. The four first antennas 100a form a 1×4 array polarized along the second direction (hereinafter referred to as a 1×4 array). By providing a phase adjustment device such as a phase shifter between the four first antennas 100a and the transceiver, or within the transceiver, the four first antennas 100a can perform time-division scanning in the second direction, thereby increasing the signal coverage range.

[0132] Simulate the input return loss (also known as S parameters) and efficiency of the above 1×4 array and record the simulation results in Figure 14 In. Figure 14 As shown, the 1×4 array can simultaneously cover the N257 frequency band (frequency range of 26.5GHz to 29.5GHz) and the N258 frequency band (frequency range of 24.25GHz to 27.5GHz), and the efficiency of the 1×4 array in the 24.25GHz to 29.5GHz frequency band is greater than -2.7dB. Simulation results show that the scanning angle of the 1×4 array in the second direction is greater than ±60°. This shows that the 1×4 array is suitable for use, has a large bandwidth, and has a wide coverage range in the second direction.

[0133] Similarly, the number of the second antenna 100b in the plurality of antennas 100 may be one or more, which is not specifically limited here. Figure 12 As shown, multiple second antennas 100b are arranged in an array in a plane parallel to the first wall panel 10. This allows beamforming to be performed using the multiple second antennas 100b, thereby increasing the gain of the multiple antennas 100 in a first direction. Furthermore, by providing a phase adjustment device, such as a phase shifter, between the multiple second antennas 100b and the transceiver, or within the transceiver, the multiple second antennas 100b can be time-divisionally scanned in the array direction, thereby increasing the coverage of the multiple antennas 100.

[0134] In the above embodiment, it should be noted that the plurality of second antennas 100b are arrayed in a plane parallel to the first wall panel 10, which means that the arrangement positions of the plurality of second antennas 100b are distributed in an array in a plane parallel to the first wall panel 10, and the placement orientation of each second antenna 100b in the plurality of second antennas 100b may be consistent, inconsistent, or partially consistent, which is not specifically limited here. Figure 12 An example is shown in which the placement orientations of the second antennas 100b in the plurality of second antennas 100b are inconsistent.

[0135] The number of the second antennas 100b can be two, three, four, etc., which is not specifically limited here. Figure 12 As shown, there are two second antennas 100b, which are arranged approximately in a row along the second direction. The two second antennas 100b form a 1×2 array polarized along the first direction (hereinafter referred to as a 1×2 array). By providing a phase adjustment device such as a phase shifter between the two second antennas 100b and the transceiver, or within the transceiver, the two second antennas 100b can perform time-division scanning in the second direction, thereby increasing the coverage range of the multiple antennas 100.

[0136] Simulate the input return loss (also known as S parameters) and efficiency of the above 1×2 array and record the simulation results in Figure 15 In. Figure 15 As shown, the 1×2 array can simultaneously cover the N257 frequency band (frequency range of 26.5GHz to 29.5GHz) and the N258 frequency band (frequency range of 24.25GHz to 27.5GHz), and the efficiency of the 1×2 array in the 24.25GHz to 29.5GHz frequency band is greater than -2.7dB. Simulation results show that the scanning angle of the 1×2 array in the second direction is greater than ±75°. This shows that the 1×2 array is suitable for use, has a large bandwidth, and has a wide coverage range in the second direction.

[0137] exist Figure 12In the illustrated embodiment, to ensure that the gain of the multiple antennas 100 in the first direction is equal to the gain in the second direction, in some embodiments, each first antenna 100a in the 1×4 array has one feed structure, and each second antenna 100b in the 1×2 array has two feed structures. This improves the gain of a single second antenna 100b, ensuring that the gain of the two second antennas 100b is equal to the gain of the four first antennas 100a. As previously described, the phases of the two feed structures in the second antenna 100b feeding the radiator should be consistent to ensure high isolation between the two feed structures.

[0138] The plurality of antennas 100 may be integrated into one circuit board 103 or may be integrated into a plurality of circuit boards 103, which is not specifically limited here. Figure 13 As shown, multiple antennas 100 are integrated into a circuit board 103, so that the electronic device has a simple structure and convenient assembly operation.

[0139] To further ensure the appearance consistency of the electronic device, in some embodiments, the outer surface of the metal housing 1 is provided with a logo, and the radiation window 11 is provided in the area where the logo is located. In this way, the radiation window 11 can be hidden in the logo area, which can further ensure the appearance consistency of the electronic device.

[0140] In the above embodiment, the identifier includes one or more of graphics, uppercase English letters, lowercase English letters, numbers, and Chinese characters.

[0141] In some embodiments, as Figure 12 As shown, the outer surface of the metal housing 1 is marked with a chrysanthemum pattern, which includes eight petals. If the chrysanthemum pattern is of appropriate size, radiation windows 11 can be provided in each of the eight petals, and an antenna 100 can be installed in the metal housing 1 at the location corresponding to each radiation window 11. If the chrysanthemum pattern is smaller, the two petals at the bottom of the chrysanthemum pattern are very small and do not require a radiation window. Therefore, the radiation window 11 can be placed in the area where the other six larger petals are located. Figure 12 Only a structural diagram is given of the radiation windows being provided in the other six petals except the two smaller petals at the bottom of the chrysanthemum pattern, which cannot be considered as a limitation to the present application.

[0142] It should be noted that, in addition to the above-mentioned chrysanthemum pattern, the logo on the outer surface of the metal shell 1 may also be other patterns, which are not specifically limited here. Figure 12 Only one graphic example of the logo provided on the metal shell is given, which cannot be considered as a limitation to the present application.

[0143] In other embodiments, the markings provided on the outer surface of the metal housing 1 are a combination of one or more of the 26 uppercase English letters, the 26 lowercase English letters, the numbers 1 to 9, and Chinese characters. For example, the marking provided on the outer surface of the metal housing 1 is "IE 10." The radiation window 11 is provided within the region where the one or more English letters, numbers, or Chinese characters forming the marking are located.

[0144] In the above embodiment, specifically, the radiation window 11 can be set in the area where the English letters, numbers or curved strokes in Chinese characters are located, or can be set in the area where the English letters, numbers or straight strokes in Chinese characters are located, and no specific limitation is made here. However, since the length extension direction of the long slot of the antenna 100 is a straight direction or a nearly straight direction, in order to facilitate the installation of the antenna 100, the radiation window 11 is optionally set in the area where the English letters, numbers or straight strokes in Chinese characters are located, such as "A", "B", "D", "E", "F", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "P", "R", "T", "U", "V", "W", "Z", "b", "d", "f", "h", "i", "k", "l", "m", "n", "p", "t", "u", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z" and other letters, "1", "4", "7" and other numbers, "one", "two", "m" and other Chinese characters, and the length direction of the long slot of the antenna 100 in the metal shell 1 opposite to the radiation window 11 is consistent with the length direction of the straight strokes. In this way, the installation of the antenna 100 can be facilitated.

[0145] for example, Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 16 As shown, the logo provided on the outer surface of the metal shell 1 includes a capital letter "A". The radiation window 11 is provided in the area where a straight line of the capital letter "A" is located.

[0146] For example, the outer surface of the metal housing 1 may be marked with letters and numbers such as "IE 10," "IE 11," "IE 14," "N 10," "N11," and "N 14." The radiation window 11 is located within the region where the vertical strokes of the letters "I," "1," and "4" and the vertical stroke of the letter "E" are located.

[0147] It should be noted that when the logo set on the outer surface of the metal shell 1 is a combination of 26 uppercase English letters, 26 lowercase English letters, numbers 1 to 9 and multiple Chinese characters, the number of radiation windows 11 can be multiple, and the multiple radiation windows 11 are respectively arranged in the areas where the multiple English letters, numbers or Chinese characters that constitute the logo are located. The electronic device includes multiple antennas 100, and the openings of the long slots of the multiple antennas 100 are respectively opposite to the multiple radiation windows 11. Thus, the multiple antennas 100 can form an array to improve the signal receiving and transmitting capabilities and gain, and increase the signal coverage range.

[0148] For example, Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the outer surface structure of the metal shell of the electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 19 As shown, the outer surface of the metal shell 1 is marked with "IE 10", and the vertical strokes of "I", "E" and "1" that constitute the mark are respectively provided with radiation windows 11. The position corresponding to each radiation window 11 in the metal shell 1 is provided with a first antenna 100a, and the length direction of the long slot of the first antenna 100a is aligned with the first direction (that is, Figure 19 The three first antennas 100a are aligned along the second direction (i.e. Figure 19 The three first antennas 100a are arranged in a row (in the direction F2) to form a 1×3 array polarized along the second direction. By providing a phase adjustment device such as a phase shifter between the three first antennas 100a and the transmitter / receiver, or within the transmitter / receiver, the three first antennas 100a can perform time-division scanning in the second direction, thereby increasing the signal coverage range.

[0149] For example, Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the outer surface structure of the metal shell of the electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 20 As shown, the outer surface of the metal shell 1 is marked with "TF 10", and the horizontal stroke of "T", the vertical stroke of "T", the horizontal stroke of "F", the vertical stroke of "F" and the area where "1" is located are respectively provided with radiation windows 11. The first antenna 100a is provided at the position of the radiation window 11 in the metal shell 1 corresponding to the vertical stroke of "T", the vertical stroke of "F" and the area where "1" is located. The length direction of the long slot of the first antenna 100a is aligned with the first direction (that is, Figure 20 The three first antennas 100a are aligned along the second direction (i.e. Figure 20The three first antennas 100a are arranged in a row along the direction F2 in the second direction to form a 1×3 array polarized along the second direction. By providing a phase adjustment device such as a phase shifter between the three first antennas 100a and the transmitter-receiver, or within the transmitter-receiver, the three first antennas 100a can perform time-division scanning in the second direction to increase the signal coverage. A second antenna 100b is provided within the metal housing 1 at the location of the radiation window 11 corresponding to the horizontal stroke of the "T" and the horizontal stroke of the "F". The length of the long slot of the second antenna 100b is aligned with the second direction. The two second antennas 100b are arranged in a row along the second direction to form a 1×2 array polarized along the first direction. By providing a phase adjustment device such as a phase shifter between the two second antennas 100b and the transmitter-receiver, or within the transmitter-receiver, the two second antennas 100b can perform time-division scanning in the second direction to increase the signal coverage.

[0150] In the above embodiments, to ensure that the gain of the multiple antennas 100 in the first direction is equal to the gain in the second direction, in some embodiments, each first antenna 100a in the 1×3 array has one feed structure; in the 1×2 array, one second antenna 100b has one feed structure, while the other second antenna 100b has two feed structures. This improves the gain of the two second antennas 100b, ensuring that the gain of the two second antennas 100b is equal to the gain of the three first antennas 100a. As described above, the phases of the two feed structures in the second antenna 100b feeding the radiator should be consistent to ensure high isolation between the two feed structures.

[0151] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 17 As shown, the electronic device includes a non-metallic housing 2. The material of the non-metallic housing 2 includes, but is not limited to, plastic and glass. The non-metallic housing 2 can be a closed housing as a whole, or a housing wall panel, such as a front cover, which is not specifically limited here. Figure 17 The example of the non-metallic housing being a front cover is provided only as an example and should not be considered a limitation of this application. The antenna 100 described in any of the above embodiments is located within the non-metallic housing 2. Optionally, the antenna 100 is secured to the non-metallic housing 2 by gluing, snapping, or other methods. The opening of the elongated slot 1013 of the antenna 100 faces the non-metallic housing 2.

[0152] Specifically, when the non-metallic housing 2 is a front cover, the non-metallic housing 2 includes a display area 21 and a light-shielding area 22. The light-shielding area 22 is located at the edge of the display area 21, and the inner surface of the light-shielding area 22 is provided with a light-shielding layer, which includes but is not limited to light-shielding tape and a light-shielding material coated on the inner surface of the light-shielding area 22. The antenna 100 is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer facing away from the light-shielding area 22, and the opening of the long slot 1013 of the antenna 100 faces the light-shielding layer, and the length direction of the antenna long slot is consistent with the length direction of the light-shielding layer.

[0153] Because the electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the antenna 100 described in any of the above embodiments, the electronic device has a larger radiation bandwidth. Furthermore, because the opening size of the long slot 1013 of the antenna 100 is relatively small, the antenna 100 occupies a relatively small area on the front cover of the electronic device, making it easier to install inside the electronic device.

[0154] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0155] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: A radiator, the radiator comprising a conductive side wall and a conductive bottom wall, the conductive side wall being arranged around an edge of the conductive bottom wall and electrically connected to the conductive bottom wall, the conductive side wall being used to connect to a signal reference ground, the conductive side wall and the conductive bottom wall forming a long groove, the long groove being open at one end away from the conductive bottom wall, and the conductive side wall comprising a first conductive side wall and a second conductive side wall respectively forming two long sides of the long groove; A feeding structure, the feeding structure including a first feeding branch and a second feeding branch, the first feeding branch being arranged through the radiator and being insulated from the radiator, the second feeding branch being located in the long slot and being electrically connected to the first feeding branch, the second feeding branch not being in contact with the inner surface of the long slot, a capacitive coupling effect being present between the second feeding branch and the first conductive sidewall, and between the second feeding branch and the second conductive sidewall, and the spacing between the second feeding branch and the first conductive sidewall being smaller than the spacing between the second feeding branch and the second conductive sidewall.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The second feeding branch is in the shape of a plate, a sheet, a strip, a needle or a wire; The second feeding branch and the first conductive sidewall are arranged in parallel, as are the second feeding branch and the second conductive sidewall.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The long groove is filled with a first dielectric material, and the portion of the first feeding branch located in the long groove and the second feeding branch are both buried in the first dielectric material.

4. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The length of the long groove is 1 / 4 times the central wavelength to 3 / 4 times the central wavelength, the width of the long groove is less than 1 / 4 times the central wavelength, and the depth of the long groove is 1 / 8 times the central wavelength to 1 / 2 times the central wavelength.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The first feeding branch is provided through the conductive side wall; or the first feeding branch is provided through the conductive bottom wall; or the first feeding branch is provided through the conductive side wall and the conductive bottom wall.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Also included is a circuit board, the circuit board being formed by alternating and stacking metal layers and insulating dielectric layers, the metal layers including a first metal layer and a second metal layer; The conductive bottom wall is formed by a partial area of ​​the first metal layer; The conductive sidewall is formed by a plurality of first metallized vias provided in the circuit board, the first metallized vias extending along the stacking direction of the metal layer and the insulating dielectric layer, the signal reference ground is a metal reference plane in the second metal layer, and each of the plurality of first metallized vias is electrically connected to the signal reference ground; The second feed branch node is composed of a plurality of second metallized vias arranged in the circuit board, the second metallized vias extending along the stacking direction of the metal layer and the insulating dielectric layer, and each of the plurality of second metallized vias is electrically connected to the first feed branch node.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that There are multiple feeding structures, and the second feeding branches of the multiple feeding structures have the same structure and size. The second feeding branches of the multiple feeding structures are arranged in a row along the length direction of the long slot, and the spacing between the second feeding branches of the multiple feeding structures and the first conductive side wall is equal, and the spacing between the second feeding branches of the multiple feeding structures and the second conductive side wall is equal.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A metal shell, wherein a radiation window is provided on the metal shell; The antenna is the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the antenna is located in the metal shell, and the opening of the long slot of the antenna faces the radiation window.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, wherein: The radiation window is filled with a second dielectric material.

10. The electronic device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The conductive side wall of the antenna is electrically connected to the edge of the metal shell at the radiation window.

11. The electronic device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The metal shell includes a first wall plate, and the number of the antennas is multiple, and the openings of the long slots of the multiple antennas are all facing the first wall plate; The plurality of antennas include a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein an orthographic projection length of a long slot of the first antenna in a first direction is greater than or equal to an orthographic projection length of the long slot of the first antenna in a second direction, and an orthographic projection length of a long slot of the second antenna in the first direction is less than an orthographic projection length of the long slot of the second antenna in the second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and both the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the first wall plate; A plurality of radiation windows are provided on the first wall plate, and the openings of the long slots of the plurality of antennas are respectively opposite to the plurality of radiation windows.

12. The electronic device according to claim 11, wherein: There are multiple first antennas, and the multiple first antenna arrays are arranged in a plane parallel to the first wall plate; There are multiple second antennas, and the multiple second antenna arrays are arranged in a plane parallel to the first wall plate.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A front cover plate, the front cover plate having a display area and a light-shielding area located at an edge of the display area, wherein an inner surface of the light-shielding area is provided with a light-shielding layer; The antenna is the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the antenna is arranged on the side of the shading layer away from the shading area, and the opening of the long slot of the antenna faces the shading layer, and the length direction of the long slot of the antenna is consistent with the length direction of the shading layer.

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