Shafting comprehensive performance test device and test measurement method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of shafting comprehensive performance test device, including transmission shaft, transmission shaft is divided into multiple sections;Flange, flange connects multiple transmission shafts as a whole shafting;The end of the transmission shaft is installed with propeller, and the other end is connected by belt drive motor;Its characterized in that, further include gyroscopic vibration measuring device, for measuring the size of the position offset of shafting after gyroscopic vibration occurs;At least one sliding bearing, the sliding bearing is installed on transmission shaft;The ship propulsion shafting comprehensive performance test device of the present application has the functions of the traditional shafting performance test device, and the following functions are added: measuring the gyroscopic vibration of shafting by using photoelectric sensor;Test the influence of shafting alignment state on the coupling effect of propulsion shafting torsional vibration, gyroscopic vibration and axial vibration;Test the influence of shafting running state on bearing wear and service life;Test the influence of bearing wear on the coupling effect of shafting torsional vibration, gyroscopic vibration and axial vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine machinery technology, specifically relating to a shafting comprehensive performance testing device and its testing and measurement method. Background Technology

[0002] The propulsion shafting system is the primary system for transmitting the ship's main power. Its performance determines the ship's safe and stable operation, as well as the safety of the crew. Therefore, testing and evaluating the performance of the propulsion shafting system is crucial. Traditional propulsion shafting performance testing devices primarily focus on single functions such as shafting vibration, shafting alignment, or bearing wear and service life as testing and evaluation targets. However, the actual operating conditions of a ship's propulsion shafting system involve the superposition and combined effects of these multiple states. Therefore, traditional single-function testing devices cannot meet the requirements for testing and accurately evaluating the comprehensive performance of the shafting system. Thus, it is necessary to design a comprehensive propulsion shafting performance testing device that integrates multiple functions, including testing and evaluating shafting vibration, shafting alignment, bearing wear, and service life, to meet the needs of ship design and comprehensive performance testing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the limitations of the above methods, the purpose of this invention is to provide a shaft system comprehensive performance testing device and its testing and measurement method.

[0004] This invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A shaft system comprehensive performance testing device, comprising

[0006] Drive shaft, the drive shaft is divided into multiple sections;

[0007] Flanges connect multiple drive shafts into a single shaft system;

[0008] One end of the drive shaft is equipped with a propeller, and the other end is connected to a drive motor via a belt; characterized in that it also includes

[0009] A gyratory vibration measuring device is used to measure the magnitude of the positional shift of a shaft system after gyratory vibration occurs.

[0010] At least one sliding bearing is mounted on the drive shaft;

[0011] The hydraulic lifting and adjusting device is correspondingly installed below the sliding bearing;

[0012] An axial vibration measuring device is used to measure the axial vibration of a drive shaft; the axial vibration measuring device is an eddy current sensor installed at a distance of 1-2 mm from one of the flanges.

[0013] Torsional vibration measuring device, used to measure the torsional vibration of drive shafts.

[0014] Preferably, the hydraulic lifting and adjusting device includes an oil tank, which is connected to an oil suction pipe and an oil return pipe. The oil suction pipe is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 1 via an oil circuit. A piston 1 is installed inside the hydraulic cylinder 1, and a lever is installed on the piston 1. The hydraulic cylinder 1 is provided with an oil supply pipe connected to a hydraulic cylinder 2. A piston 2 is installed inside the hydraulic cylinder 2 and connected to a movable bearing support. The oil return pipe is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 2 and a shut-off valve is installed on the oil return pipe. A check valve 1 is installed on the oil circuit connecting the oil suction pipe and the hydraulic cylinder 1, and a check valve 2 is installed on the oil circuit between the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the hydraulic cylinder 2.

[0015] Preferably, the gyroscopic vibration measuring device includes a first annular support, a second annular support, and a shielding disc mounted on a drive shaft. The shielding disc is arranged between the first and second annular supports. Both the first and second annular supports have multiple grooves, wherein: a photoelectric sensor is installed in each groove of the first annular support, and a laser emitter is installed in each groove of the second annular support; or a laser emitter is installed in each groove of the first annular support, and a photoelectric sensor is installed in each groove of the second annular support; both the first and second annular supports have legs, which are fixed to the base by bolts.

[0016] Preferably, the torsional vibration measuring device includes a geared disc mounted on a drive shaft, with a Hall gear sensor mounted on the side of the geared disc.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a bearing wear testing device, which includes a bearing mounted on the drive shaft, and load loading devices are provided above and below the bearing.

[0018] Based on the above-mentioned device, the present invention also proposes a test measurement method for a shaft system comprehensive performance test device, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. When the drive shaft is stationary, a downward force is applied to the lever in the hydraulic lifting adjustment device. At this time, piston one presses the hydraulic oil in hydraulic cylinder one through the oil supply line and check valve two into hydraulic cylinder two, causing piston two to move upward and thus push the position of the movable bearing support against the sliding bearing for adjustment. At this time, the flange connection opening angle between each shaft system is changed, and the center lines of each shaft segment are arranged into a straight line to achieve the purpose of shaft system alignment.

[0020] S2. Cycloidal Vibration Measurement: When the shaft system is stationary, the light signal intensity received by the sensor under the action of the shielding disc is cd1. The drive motor is started to drive the transmission shaft to rotate. The shielding disc consists of a shielding part and a fixed part. This shielding structure is directly installed on the transmission shaft. When the shaft system undergoes cycloidal vibration, the shielding disc will shift along with the shaft. When the shaft system undergoes cycloidal vibration, since the shielding disc is directly connected to the shaft, the shielding disc will also shift radially. Due to the change in the position of the shielding disc, it will block the light emitted from the laser emitter. Therefore, the light signal intensity received by the sensor at this time is cd2. The change in light signal intensity is Δcd, which is the light signal intensity received by the sensor at a certain rotation speed (cd2) minus the intensity (cd1) received when the shaft system is stationary. The value of Δcd can measure the magnitude of the positional shift of the shaft system after cycloidal vibration.

[0021] S3. Torsional vibration measurement: When the drive shaft is running, the gear disk also rotates. The torsional angular displacement of each tooth of the gear disk is measured using a Hall gear sensor. The displacement of each tooth is recorded in chronological order. After measuring the angle through which the gear disk rotates, the relevant performance test data of the shaft system torsional vibration are obtained.

[0022] S4. Axial vibration measurement: Install an eddy current sensor 1-2 mm away from the shaft flange along the axial direction of the shaft system. Due to the influence of axial thrust, the shaft system will generate a linear displacement d in the axial direction when it is running. Use the eddy current sensor to measure the change law of this linear displacement with the shaft speed, and then test and evaluate the axial vibration of the shaft system.

[0023] S5. Bearing Wear Test: Install a load-loading device on the shaft system in the vertical direction. By applying different loads and running the shaft system for a certain period of time, simulate the effects of different loads on bearing operating temperature, wear and service life.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] In addition to the functions of traditional shafting performance testing devices, the newly invented ship propulsion shafting comprehensive performance testing device has the following additional functions:

[0026] 1. Utilize photoelectric sensors to measure the gyroscopic vibration of shaft systems;

[0027] 2. Investigate the influence of shaft alignment status on the coupling effect of torsional vibration, gyroscopic vibration and axial vibration of the propulsion shaft system;

[0028] 3. Inspect the impact of shaft system operating conditions on bearing wear and service life;

[0029] 4. Inspect the effect of bearing wear on the coupling effect of shaft torsional vibration, gyroscopic vibration and axial vibration; 5. Inspect the effect of bearing wear on bearing service life. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a layout diagram of the ship propulsion shafting comprehensive performance test device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the hydraulic lifting and adjusting device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall gyroscopic vibration measuring device;

[0034] Figure 4 These are three views of the optical disc structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a diagram of a ring-shaped support structure;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the change in the intensity of the light signal received by the sensor;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the torsional vibration measurement principle;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the axial vibration measurement principle of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the bearing wear and service life testing principle of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a shaft system comprehensive performance testing device includes a drive shaft 10, which is divided into multiple segments, and in this embodiment, it consists of three segments; a flange 5, which connects the three segments of the drive shaft 10 in this embodiment into a complete shaft system; and an axial vibration measuring device 8, which is an eddy current sensor 52 installed at a distance of 1-2 mm from one of the flanges. The eddy current sensor measures the change of linear displacement with the rotational speed of the shaft system, thereby testing and evaluating the axial vibration of the shaft system.

[0042] A propeller 1 is mounted on one end of the drive shaft 10, and the other end is connected to a drive motor 11 via a belt. The drive motor 11 drives the drive shaft 10 to rotate via the belt to simulate the rotation of a ship's shafting system. It also includes at least one sliding bearing 6, which is mounted on the drive shaft 10; in this embodiment, there are two, both mounted on the middle section of the shafting. A hydraulic lifting adjustment device 4 is positioned below the sliding bearing 6. The hydraulic lifting adjustment device 4 is used to adjust the height and provide support for the sliding bearing 6.

[0043] The hydraulic lifting and adjusting device 4 includes an oil tank 42, which is connected to an oil suction pipe 45 and an oil return pipe 415. The oil suction pipe 45 is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 42 via an oil circuit. A piston 43 is installed inside the hydraulic cylinder 42, and a lever 41 is installed on the piston 43. The hydraulic cylinder 42 is provided with an oil supply pipe 46 connected to a hydraulic cylinder 410. A piston 49 is installed inside the hydraulic cylinder 410 and connected to a movable bearing support 413. The oil return pipe 415 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 410, and a shut-off valve 411 is installed on the oil return pipe 415 to prevent hydraulic oil backflow. A check valve 44 is installed on the oil circuit connecting the oil suction pipe 45 and the hydraulic cylinder 42, and a check valve 47 is installed on the oil circuit between the hydraulic cylinder 42 and the hydraulic cylinder 49.

[0044] The gyroscopic vibration measuring device 2 is used to measure the magnitude of the positional offset of the shaft system after gyroscopic vibration. The gyroscopic vibration measuring device 2 includes a first annular support 21, a second annular support 23, and a shielding disc 22 mounted on the transmission shaft 10. The shielding disc 22 is arranged between the first annular support 21 and the second annular support 23. The first annular support 21 and the second annular support 23 are each provided with multiple grooves. Specifically, photoelectric sensors are installed in the grooves of the first annular support 21, and laser emitters are installed in the grooves of the second annular support 23; or laser emitters are installed in the grooves of the first annular support 21, and photoelectric sensors are installed in the grooves of the second annular support 23. The first annular support 21 and the second annular support 23 are each provided with legs, which are fixed to the base by bolts.

[0045] Torsional vibration measuring device 9 is used to measure the torsional vibration of the transmission shaft 10. The torsional vibration measuring device 9 includes a gear disk 91 installed on the transmission shaft 10, and a Hall gear sensor 92 is installed on the side of the gear disk 91.

[0046] It also includes a bearing wear testing device 7, which includes a bearing 73 mounted on the transmission shaft 10, and a load loading device 71 is provided above and below the bearing 73.

[0047] Based on the above-mentioned device, the present invention also proposes a test measurement method for a shaft system comprehensive performance test device, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1. When the drive shaft 10 is stationary, a downward force is applied to the lever 41 in the hydraulic lifting adjustment device 4. At this time, the piston 43 pushes the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 42 through the oil supply line 46 and the one-way valve 47 into the hydraulic cylinder 410, causing the piston 49 to move upward and thus push the position of the movable bearing support 413 against the sliding bearing 6 for adjustment. At this time, the flange connection opening angle between each shaft system is changed, and the center lines of each shaft segment are arranged into a straight line to achieve the purpose of shaft system alignment.

[0049] S2. Cycloidal Vibration Measurement: When the shaft system is stationary, the light signal intensity received by the sensor under the action of the shielding disc is cd1. The drive motor 11 is started to drive the transmission shaft 10 to rotate. The shielding disc 22 consists of a shielding part and a fixed part. This shielding structure is directly installed on the transmission shaft. When the shaft system undergoes cycloidal vibration, the shielding disc will shift along with the shaft. When the shaft system undergoes cycloidal vibration, since the shielding disc is directly connected to the shaft, the shielding disc 22 will also shift radially. Due to the change in the position of the shielding disc, it will block the light emitted from the laser emitter. Therefore, the light signal intensity received by the sensor at this time is cd2. The change in light signal intensity is Δcd, which is the light signal intensity received by the sensor at a certain rotation speed (cd2) minus the intensity (cd1) received when the shaft system is stationary. The value of Δcd can measure the magnitude of the positional shift of the shaft system after cycloidal vibration.

[0050] S3. Torsional vibration measurement: When the drive shaft 10 rotates, the gear disk 91 also rotates. The Hall gear sensor 92 is used to measure the torsional angular displacement of each tooth of the gear disk. The amount of each angular displacement is recorded in time sequence. After measuring the angle through which the gear disk rotates, the relevant performance test data of the shaft system torsional vibration are obtained.

[0051] S4. Axial vibration measurement: An eddy current sensor is installed 1-2 mm away from the shaft flange along the axial direction of the shaft system. Due to the influence of axial thrust, the shaft system will generate a linear displacement d in the axial direction when it is running. The eddy current sensor 52 is used to measure the change law of this linear displacement with the shaft speed, so as to test and evaluate the axial vibration of the shaft system.

[0052] S5. Bearing Wear Test: In the vertical direction of the shaft system, a load loading device 71 is installed on the shaft system. By applying different loads and running the shaft system for a certain period of time, the effects of different loads on the bearing operating temperature, wear and service life are simulated.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shaft system comprehensive performance testing device, comprising: The drive shaft (10) is divided into multiple sections; Flange (5) connects multiple drive shafts (10) into a single shaft system; One end of the drive shaft (10) is equipped with a propeller (1), and the other end is connected to a drive motor (11) via a belt; characterized in that, Also includes The gyroscopic vibration measuring device (2) is used to measure the magnitude of the positional offset of the shaft system after gyroscopic vibration occurs. At least one sliding bearing (6) is mounted on the drive shaft (10); The hydraulic lifting adjustment device (4) is correspondingly arranged below the sliding bearing (6); Axial vibration measuring device (8) is used to measure the axial vibration of the drive shaft (10); the axial vibration measuring device (8) is an eddy current sensor (52) installed at a distance of 1-2 mm from one of the flanges (5); Torsional vibration measuring device (9) is used to measure the torsional vibration of the transmission shaft (10); The gyroscopic vibration measuring device (2) includes a first annular support (21), a second annular support (23), and a shielding disc (22) mounted on a transmission shaft (10). The shielding disc (22) is arranged between the first annular support (21) and the second annular support (23). The first annular support (21) and the second annular support (23) are each provided with multiple grooves. Specifically, photoelectric sensors are installed in the grooves of the first annular support (21), and laser emitters are installed in the grooves of the second annular support (23); or laser emitters are installed in the grooves of the first annular support (21), and photoelectric sensors are installed in the grooves of the second annular support (23). The first annular support (21) and the second annular support (23) are each provided with legs, which are fixed to the base by bolts.

2. The shaft system comprehensive performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic lifting and adjusting device (4) includes Oil tank (42), the oil tank (42) is connected to an oil suction pipe (45) and an oil return pipe (415), the oil suction pipe (45) is connected to hydraulic cylinder one (42) by an oil circuit, a piston one (43) is installed in hydraulic cylinder one (42), and a lever (41) is installed on piston one (43); hydraulic cylinder one (42) is provided with an oil supply pipe (46) connected to hydraulic cylinder two (410), a piston two (49) is installed in hydraulic cylinder two (410) and connected to a movable bearing support (413), the oil return pipe (415) is connected to hydraulic cylinder two (410), and a shut-off valve (411) is installed on the oil return pipe (415).

3. The shaft system comprehensive performance testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The oil suction pipe (45) is connected to the hydraulic cylinder one (42) and a one-way valve one (44) is installed on the oil line. A one-way valve two (47) is installed on the oil line between the hydraulic cylinder one (42) and the hydraulic cylinder two (49).

4. The shaft system comprehensive performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The torsional vibration measuring device (9) includes a gear disk (91) mounted on the drive shaft (10), and a Hall gear sensor (92) is mounted on the side of the gear disk (91).

5. The shaft system comprehensive performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a bearing wear testing device (7), which includes a bearing (73) mounted on a transmission shaft (10), and a load loading device (71) is provided above and below the bearing (73).

6. A test measurement method using a shaft system comprehensive performance test apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. When the drive shaft (10) is stationary, a downward force is applied to the lever (41) in the hydraulic lifting adjustment device (4). At this time, the piston (43) pushes the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder (42) through the oil supply line (46) and the one-way valve (47) into the hydraulic cylinder (410), causing the piston (49) to move upward and thus push the position of the movable bearing support (413) against the sliding bearing (6) for adjustment. At this time, the flange connection opening angle between each shaft system is changed, and the center lines of each shaft segment are arranged into a straight line to achieve the purpose of shaft system alignment. S2. Measurement of gyroscopic vibration: When the shaft system is stationary, the light signal intensity received by the sensor under the action of the shielding disc is cd 1. The drive motor (11) is started to drive the transmission shaft (10) to rotate. The shielding disc (22) consists of a shielding part and a fixed part. This shielding structure is directly installed on the transmission shaft. When the shaft system undergoes gyroscopic vibration, the shielding disc will shift along with the shaft. When the shaft system undergoes gyroscopic vibration, since the shielding disc is directly connected to the shaft, the shielding disc (22) will also shift in the radial direction. Due to the change in the position of the shielding disc, the light emitted from the laser emitter will be blocked. Therefore, the light signal intensity received by the sensor at this time is cd 2. The light signal intensity received by the sensor at a certain rotation speed is cd 2 minus the intensity cd 1 received when the shaft system is stationary. That is, the change in light signal intensity is Δcd. The value of Δcd can measure the magnitude of the position shift of the shaft system after gyroscopic vibration. S3. Torsional vibration measurement: When the drive shaft (10) is running, the gear disk (91) also rotates. The torsional angular displacement of each tooth of the gear disk is measured by the Hall gear sensor (92). The displacement of each tooth is recorded in time sequence. After measuring the angle through which the gear disk rotates, the relevant performance test data of the shaft system torsional vibration are obtained. S4. Axial vibration measurement: Along the axial direction of the shaft system, an eddy current sensor is installed at a position 1-2 mm away from the shaft system flange. Due to the influence of axial thrust on the shaft system, a linear displacement d will be generated in the axial direction when the shaft system is running. The eddy current sensor (52) is used to measure the change law of this linear displacement with the shaft system speed, and then the axial vibration of the shaft system is tested and evaluated. S5. Bearing wear test: Install a load loading device (71) on the shaft system in the vertical direction. By applying different loads and running the shaft system for a certain period of time, simulate the effects of different loads on bearing operating temperature, wear and service life.

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