Methods and apparatus for creating and verifying digital resources in blockchain

Abstract

This specification provides a method and apparatus for creating and verifying digital resources in a blockchain, applied to a node in a blockchain. The method for creating digital resources in a blockchain includes: receiving a first transaction for issuing a target digital resource, the target digital resource corresponding to a target commodity; the first transaction includes purchase information of the target commodity and restriction information of digital resources in the same batch; generating a resource identifier for the target digital resource based on the purchase information and the restriction information; and storing information of the target digital resource in the blockchain in association with the resource identifier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to one or more embodiments in the field of blockchain technology, and particularly to a method and apparatus for creating and verifying digital resources in a blockchain. Background Technology

[0002] Blockchain is a novel application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, peer-to-peer transmission, consensus mechanisms, and cryptographic algorithms. In a blockchain, data blocks are sequentially linked together in a chain-like data structure, and cryptographic methods are used to ensure the immutability and forgery resistance of these data blocks. Due to its decentralized, immutable, and autonomous characteristics, blockchain is receiving increasing attention and application.

[0003] In blockchain, digital resources can be generated based on non-fungible tokens (NFTs). These digital resources typically possess characteristics such as non-fungibility, limited quantity, and indivisibility. Different blockchains can use different NFT protocol standards to generate digital resources. Currently, mainstream protocol standards include ERC721, ERC1155, and ERC998. Among them, ERC721 is the most commonly used NFT protocol standard. Under the ERC721 standard, each generated digital resource has a unique identifier, and different digital resources are not interchangeable. Under the ERC1155 standard, the resource identifier does not correspond to a single resource, but rather to a category of resources. Different categories of resources are not interchangeable, while different resources within a category are indistinguishable and interchangeable, and the number of resource categories is limited. In the ERC998 standard, digital resources generated based on NFT technology can be bound or combined with digital resources generated based on fungible token (FT) technology (such as Ethereum).

[0004] Currently, what is needed is a digital resource that corresponds to physical goods and is unique and limited in quantity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a method and apparatus for creating and verifying digital resources in a blockchain.

[0006] According to the first aspect, a method for creating digital resources in a blockchain is provided, applied to nodes of the blockchain, the method comprising:

[0007] Receive a first transaction for issuing a target digital resource, the target digital resource corresponding to a target commodity; the first transaction includes procurement information of the target commodity and restriction information of the same batch of digital resources;

[0008] Based on the procurement information and the restriction information, a resource identifier for the target digital resource is generated;

[0009] Information about the target digital resource is stored in the blockchain in association with the resource identifier.

[0010] Optionally, storing the information of the target digital resource in the blockchain in association with the resource identifier includes storing a data structure of the target digital resource in the blockchain in association with the resource identifier, wherein the data structure includes the procurement information and the restriction information.

[0011] Optionally, the data structure may also include the procurement information and the restriction information.

[0012] Optionally, a smart contract is invoked in the first transaction; the data structure for storing the target digital resource in the blockchain includes storing the data structure in the state of the smart contract.

[0013] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0014] Receive a second transaction that invokes the smart contract, the second transaction including the brand owner's signature on the resource identifier and / or the purchaser's signature on the resource identifier;

[0015] Add the brand owner's signature and / or the purchaser's signature to the data structure.

[0016] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0017] Receive a third transaction that invokes the smart contract, the third transaction including sales-related information of the target product;

[0018] Add the sales-related information to the data structure.

[0019] Optionally, the data structure may further include metadata of the target digital resource.

[0020] Optionally, generating the resource identifier for the target digital resource based on the procurement information and the restriction information includes:

[0021] The resource identifier is obtained by encrypting the procurement information and the restriction information.

[0022] Optionally, the encryption based on the procurement information and the restriction information includes:

[0023] Verify the brand account and brand owner account corresponding to the target product;

[0024] If the brand account and the brand owner account are legitimate, the purchase information is hashed using a preset hash algorithm to obtain the first data;

[0025] The second data is obtained based on the aforementioned restriction information;

[0026] The first data and the second data are encrypted to obtain the resource identifier.

[0027] Optionally, storing the information of the target digital resource in association with the resource identifier in the blockchain includes storing first data of the target digital resource in a list of valid data.

[0028] Optionally, the procurement information for the target product includes at least one of the following:

[0029] The brand owner's account information for the target product;

[0030] The brand account information of the target product;

[0031] The purchaser's account information for the target product; and

[0032] The document information of the target product.

[0033] Optionally, the limiting information includes:

[0034] The preset total issuance information corresponding to the target digital resource and the current issuance information of the same batch of digital resources; and / or

[0035] The preset release time limit corresponding to the target digital resource and the current time information of the digital resources in the same batch.

[0036] Optionally, the metadata includes at least one of the following:

[0037] Description information for the target product;

[0038] Information in image format corresponding to the target digital resource;

[0039] Information in video format corresponding to the target digital resource;

[0040] The target digital resource corresponds to the audio information.

[0041] According to the second aspect, a method for verifying digital resources in a blockchain is provided, applied to a node in the blockchain, the method comprising:

[0042] Receive a target transaction for verifying the target digital resources, the target transaction including a resource identifier of the target digital resources, the resource identifier being generated based on the purchase information of the target goods and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources;

[0043] The resource identifier is verified based on the information stored in the blockchain that is associated with it.

[0044] Optionally, the target transaction further includes the brand's public key and / or the purchaser's public key; the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes the brand's signature of the resource identifier and / or the purchaser's signature of the resource identifier; wherein, verifying the resource identifier based on the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes:

[0045] The signature of the brand owner and / or the signature of the purchaser are verified using the public key of the brand owner and / or the public key of the purchaser.

[0046] Optionally, the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes a list of legitimate data storing first data of the target digital resource, wherein the first data is obtained based on the procurement information of the target product; wherein, verifying the resource identifier based on the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes:

[0047] Based on the resource identifier, obtain the first data corresponding to the target digital resource and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources;

[0048] Verify whether the first data is in the list of valid data;

[0049] If the first data is in the list of valid data, the restriction information is verified.

[0050] Optionally, obtaining the first data corresponding to the target digital resource and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources based on the resource identifier includes:

[0051] The resource identifier is decrypted to obtain decrypted data;

[0052] The first data and the restriction information are obtained from the decrypted data.

[0053] According to a third aspect, a device for creating digital resources in a blockchain is provided, applied to a node in the blockchain, the device comprising:

[0054] A first receiving module is configured to receive a first transaction for issuing target digital resources, wherein the target digital resources correspond to target commodities; the first transaction includes procurement information of the target commodities and restriction information of the same batch of digital resources;

[0055] The generation module is used to generate a resource identifier for the target digital resource based on the procurement information and the restriction information;

[0056] A storage module is used to store the target digital resource information in association with the resource identifier in the blockchain.

[0057] Optionally, the storage module is configured to:

[0058] A data structure for storing the target digital resource in the blockchain, associated with the resource identifier; the data structure includes the procurement information and the restriction information.

[0059] Optionally, a smart contract is invoked in the first transaction; the storage module is configured to store the data structure in the state of the smart contract.

[0060] According to the fourth aspect, a verification device for digital resources in a blockchain is provided, applied to a node of the blockchain, the device comprising:

[0061] A receiving module is used to receive a target transaction for verifying a target digital resource, wherein the target transaction includes a resource identifier of the target digital resource, and the resource identifier is generated based on the purchase information of the target product and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources;

[0062] The verification module is used to verify the resource identifier based on the information stored in the blockchain that is associated with the resource identifier.

[0063] Optionally, the target transaction further includes the brand's public key and / or the purchaser's public key; the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes the brand's signature of the resource identifier and / or the purchaser's signature of the resource identifier; wherein, the verification module is configured to:

[0064] The signature of the brand owner and / or the signature of the purchaser are verified using the public key of the brand owner and / or the public key of the purchaser.

[0065] Optionally, the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes a list of legitimate data storing first data of the target digital resource, the first data being obtained based on the procurement information of the target product; wherein, the verification module is configured to:

[0066] Based on the resource identifier, obtain the first data corresponding to the target digital resource and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources;

[0067] Verify whether the first data is in the list of valid data;

[0068] If the first data is in the list of valid data, the restriction information is verified.

[0069] According to a fifth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of the first or second aspects above.

[0070] According to a sixth aspect, a computing device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method described in any one of the first or second aspects above.

[0071] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification may include the following beneficial effects:

[0072] The embodiments of this specification provide a method and apparatus for creating digital resources in a blockchain. By executing a first transaction for issuing target digital resources corresponding to a target commodity, and based on the procurement information and restriction information included in the first transaction, a resource identifier for the target digital resource is generated, and the information of the target digital resource is stored in the blockchain in association with the resource identifier. This enables the issuance of digital resources for physical commodities, improves the security of digital resources, ensures the uniqueness of digital resources by determining the resource identifier based on procurement and restriction information, and ensures the limited availability of digital resources by determining the resource identifier based on restriction information.

[0073] The embodiments of this specification provide a method and apparatus for verifying digital resources in a blockchain. In response to receiving a target transaction for verifying a target digital resource, the method verifies the resource identifier based on information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier carried by the target transaction. This improves the security of digital resources while ensuring their uniqueness and limited availability, even while enabling the issuance of digitized resources for physical goods.

[0074] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0075] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments in this specification, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0076] Figure 1 This specification is a diagram illustrating a blockchain system architecture according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0077] Figure 2AThis specification is a flowchart illustrating a method for creating digital resources in a blockchain according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0078] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram illustrating a data structure of a digital resource according to an exemplary embodiment of this specification;

[0079] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for verifying digital resources in a blockchain according to an exemplary embodiment of this specification;

[0080] Figure 4 This specification is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for creating digital resources in a blockchain according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0081] Figure 5 This specification is a block diagram illustrating a verification device for digital resources in a blockchain according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0082] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this specification, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0083] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a blockchain system architecture diagram according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0084] Figure 1 In a blockchain, for example, there are 8 nodes, from node 1 to node 8. Each node can be implemented as any device, server, or cluster of devices with computing and processing capabilities. This is understandable. Figure 1 Although the diagram shows eight nodes in a blockchain, this specification's embodiments are not limited to this and may include other numbers of nodes. The lines connecting the nodes schematically represent P2P (Peer-to-Peer) connections. These nodes typically store the full ledger, that is, the state of all blocks and all accounts. Each node in the blockchain produces the same state by executing the same transactions, and each node stores the same state database.

[0085] The difference lies in that different nodes can be responsible for interfacing with different terminal devices and receiving transactions from those devices. For example, node 1 can be responsible for interfacing with the brand's terminal device, node 2 with the international logistics provider's terminal device, node 3 with the customs terminal device, node 4 with the supply chain provider's terminal device, node 5 with the purchaser's terminal device, node 6 with the retailer's terminal device, and nodes 7 and 8 with the buyer's terminal device, and so on. It is understood that this interfacing method is merely an example provided in the embodiments of this specification, and the specific interfacing method in this application is not limited.

[0086] The solutions described in this specification are applicable to various NFT protocol standards. The following description uses the ERC721 standard as an example to illustrate the creation process of digital resources in this specification. First, Brand A wants to sell a batch of physical goods. For any physical goods, once the goods are sold and an order is generated, Brand A can initiate a transaction T1 through its terminal device to the blockchain, calling a pre-deployed smart contract. Transaction T1 may include information to be verified, purchase information of the physical goods, and restriction information of the digital resources to be created in the same batch. The information to be verified may include Brand A's account public key and the brand account public key of the physical goods. Purchase information of the physical goods may include, but is not limited to, retailer information, buyer information, brand information, and order information. After receiving Transaction T1, the blockchain node can create digital resources corresponding to the physical goods by executing Transaction T1. These digital resources may be in the form of non-fungible tokens (NFTs).

[0087] Specifically, when executing transaction T1, each node in the blockchain generates a resource identifier for the digital resource corresponding to the physical product by executing a portion of the business logic code included in the smart contract. The specific process is as follows: First, using the public key of brand owner A (a brand owner may include multiple brands) included in the smart contract and the public key of the brand account of the physical product, the information to be verified carried in transaction T1 is verified. After successful verification, the retailer identifier, buyer identifier, brand identifier, and order identifier are obtained from the purchase information carried in transaction T1. These identifiers are then arranged in a preset order, and a preset hash algorithm is used to perform hash calculation on the data obtained from the above arrangement to obtain the base code.

[0088] Then, obtain the restriction information of the batch of digital resources to be created carried by transaction T1. For example, the restriction information can be the preset total issuance amount information and the current issuance amount information of the batch of digital resources corresponding to the aforementioned digital resources, or it can be the preset issuance time limit and the current time information of the batch of digital resources corresponding to the aforementioned digital resources. First, verify whether the restriction information is valid. If the restriction information is valid, generate an index code, which includes the aforementioned restriction information. Specifically, if the restriction information is the preset total issuance amount information and the current issuance amount information of the batch of digital resources corresponding to the aforementioned digital resources, then the restriction information is deemed valid if the current issuance amount does not exceed the preset total issuance amount. If the restriction information is the preset issuance time limit and the current time information of the batch of digital resources corresponding to the aforementioned digital resources, then the restriction information is deemed valid if the current time of the batch of digital resources does not exceed the preset issuance time limit.

[0089] Next, the aforementioned basic code and indicator code are merged into a single data string. This merged data is then symmetrically encrypted using a key pre-set in the smart contract (e.g., a key pre-set by the smart contract administrator and stored within the smart contract, automatically used for encryption and decryption). This yields the resource identifier of the digital resource corresponding to the physical commodity. Finally, a data structure for the digital resource is generated, including but not limited to the resource identifier, procurement information, metadata of the digital resource, and restriction information. This data structure is stored in the world state corresponding to the account of the smart contract on the blockchain. The metadata of the digital resource may include, but is not limited to, descriptive information about the physical commodity, image information corresponding to the digital resource, video information corresponding to the digital resource, and audio information corresponding to the digital resource. Additionally, the basic code can be stored in the list of valid basic codes within the smart contract.

[0090] After transaction T1 is completed on the blockchain, the brand signs the aforementioned resource identifier through its terminal device, obtaining the brand's signature. Then, the brand initiates transaction T2 on the blockchain through its terminal device. Transaction T2 invokes the aforementioned smart contract to store the brand's signature in the blockchain. Blockchain nodes can add the brand's signature to the aforementioned data structure stored in the blockchain by executing transaction T2.

[0091] In addition, after the blockchain completes transaction T1, it can send the identifier of the aforementioned digital resource to subsequent participants (e.g., international logistics providers, customs, etc.). These subsequent participants can then supplement the blockchain with information about the digital resource based on this identifier.

[0092] In the subsequent process, after the international logistics provider's terminal equipment generates the shipping label, the terminal equipment can sign the shipping label to obtain the international logistics provider's signature, and initiate transaction T3 to the blockchain. Transaction T3 is used to store the shipping label and the international logistics provider's signature in the blockchain. Blockchain nodes can add the aforementioned shipping label data and the international logistics provider's signature to the data structure stored in the blockchain by executing transaction T3.

[0093] Once the customs terminal generates an import declaration, it can sign the declaration to obtain a customs signature and initiate transaction T4 on the blockchain. Transaction T4 stores the import declaration and the customs signature in the blockchain. Blockchain nodes can execute transaction T4 to add the import declaration data and the customs signature to the aforementioned data structure stored in the blockchain.

[0094] Similarly, each party's terminal device can add its respective documents and signatures (signatures of each party's documents) to the aforementioned data structure in the blockchain using the same method. Once the buyer receives the physical goods, they can activate the digital resource on-chain using methods such as scanning a barcode. Specifically, the buyer's terminal device can sign the resource identifier to obtain the buyer's signature and initiate a transaction to the blockchain. Blockchain nodes can then execute the transaction, adding the buyer's signature to the aforementioned data structure stored in the blockchain and associating the buyer's account with the digital resource, indicating that the digital resource belongs to the buyer.

[0095] Subsequently, when verifying the legality of digital resources, the terminal device requiring verification can initiate transaction T5 to the blockchain. Transaction T5 invokes the aforementioned smart contract and may include the resource identifier to be verified and the brand signature to be verified. When executing transaction T5, each node in the blockchain first verifies the brand signature to be verified. After successful verification, the resource identifier carried in transaction T5 is symmetrically decrypted using the key preset in the smart contract, and the basic code to be verified is obtained from the decrypted data. The system checks if the basic code to be verified exists in the list of legal basic codes in the smart contract. If it does, the indicator code to be verified is further obtained from the decrypted data. The legality of the indicator code to be verified is determined based on preset rules. For example, if the indicator code to be verified includes the preset total issuance information corresponding to the aforementioned digital resource and the current issuance information of the same batch of digital resources, then the indicator code to be verified is determined to be legal if the current issuance does not exceed the preset total issuance. If the indicator code to be verified includes the preset issuance period for the aforementioned digital resource and the current time information of the same batch of digital resources, then the indicator code to be verified is deemed valid, provided that the current time of the same batch of digital resources has not exceeded the preset issuance period. Finally, if the indicator code to be verified is determined to be valid, then the digital resource can be determined to be legal and valid.

[0096] The solutions provided in this specification will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0097] like Figure 2A As shown, Figure 2A This is a flowchart illustrating a method for creating digital resources in a blockchain according to an exemplary embodiment. This method can be applied to nodes in the blockchain. The blockchain nodes can be implemented as any device, platform, server, or cluster of devices with computing and processing capabilities. The method includes the following steps:

[0098] In step 201, a first transaction for issuing the target digital resource is received.

[0099] In this embodiment, the brand's terminal device determines the target digital resource for creating the target product and initiates a first transaction on the blockchain through a blockchain node connected to the brand's terminal device. The target product can be a physical product. The digital resource can be in the form of a non-fungible token (NFT). The first transaction may include procurement information for the target product and restriction information for the same batch of digital resources.

[0100] In this embodiment, the procurement information of the target product may include at least one of the following: the brand owner's account information of the target product (e.g., brand owner's account identifier on the blockchain), the brand account information of the target product (e.g., brand account identifier), the purchaser's account information of the target product (e.g., purchaser's account identifier), the retailer's information of the target product (e.g., retailer's account identifier), the buyer's information (e.g., buyer's account identifier), and the document information of the target product (e.g., order number, order details, etc.). It should be noted that the account identifier may include the account's address and / or the public key corresponding to the account.

[0101] In this embodiment, the restriction information may include the preset total issuance amount information corresponding to the target digital resource and the current issuance amount information of the same batch of digital resources, and / or the preset issuance time limit corresponding to the target digital resource and the current time information of the same batch of digital resources. For example, if the preset total issuance amount corresponding to the target digital resource is N and the current issuance amount of the same batch of digital resources is M, the restriction information can be recorded as [M, N], where M is less than N. As another example, if the preset issuance time limit corresponding to the target digital resource is time X and the current time of the same batch of digital resources is Y, the restriction information can be recorded as [Y, X], where Y is the time before X.

[0102] In step 202, a resource identifier for the target digital resource is generated based on the aforementioned procurement information and restriction information.

[0103] In this embodiment, the first transaction invokes a pre-deployed smart contract. Blockchain nodes can execute the first transaction to execute a portion of the business logic code included in the smart contract, thereby generating a resource identifier for the target digital resource based on the aforementioned procurement information and restriction information. Specifically, the resource identifier can be obtained by encrypting the aforementioned procurement information and restriction information. Optionally, during the execution of the first transaction, the brand account and brand owner account corresponding to the target product can be verified first. Specifically, the legality of the brand account and brand owner account can be verified by verifying the legality of the account identifier or by verifying the account signature. If legal, the procurement information of the target product is further hashed using a preset hash algorithm to obtain the first data. Then, the second data is obtained based on the aforementioned restriction information, and the first and second data are encrypted to obtain the resource identifier.

[0104] For example, procurement information may include the buyer's account identifier A, purchaser's account identifier B, brand account identifier C, and order number D for the target product. Arranging the procurement information in a preset order yields a sequence ABCD. A preset hash algorithm is used to hash the sequence ABCD, resulting in the first data K. Restriction information may include the preset total issuance N for the target digital resource and the current issuance M of the same batch of digital resources. This restriction information can be denoted as [M, N], serving as the second data. The first data K and the second data [M, N] are combined into the string K[M, N]. This string K[M, N] can be symmetrically encrypted using the preset key in the aforementioned smart contract, yielding the resource identifier L for the digital resource. Since the procurement information and restriction information used to generate the resource identifier are unique to the target product (the procurement information and restriction information for two different products must be different), the digital resource corresponding to the target product is unique. Furthermore, since generating the resource identifier requires restriction information to indicate the limited quantity, the digital resource corresponding to the target product is also limited in quantity.

[0105] In step 203, information about the target digital resource is stored in the blockchain in association with the resource identifier.

[0106] In this embodiment, a data structure of the target digital resource can be stored in the blockchain in association with the resource identifier. This data structure includes the aforementioned procurement information and the aforementioned restriction information. Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of a data structure for a digital resource provided in an embodiment of this specification, such as... Figure 2B As shown, the data structure of the target digital resource may include the resource identifier generated above, the procurement information above, and the restriction information above. Optionally, the data structure may also include metadata of the target digital resource and signature data of all parties.

[0107] The aforementioned procurement information may include, but is not limited to, brand account identifiers, order numbers, purchaser account identifiers, buyer account identifiers, brand materials, shipping labels, import customs declarations, pre-levied tax invoices, domestic logistics documents, packing lists, and system sales orders.

[0108] The signature data from all parties may include, but is not limited to, the signatures of the brand owner, logistics provider, customs, purchaser, buyer, and supply chain party.

[0109] The metadata of the target digital resource may include at least one of the following: descriptive information for the target product, information in the form of images corresponding to the target digital resource, information in the form of videos corresponding to the target digital resource, and information in the form of audio corresponding to the target digital resource.

[0110] For example, descriptive information about the target product may include an introduction to the product itself, or an introduction to target digital resources derived from it. Image-based information corresponding to the target digital resources may include various images of the target product (e.g., 2D or 3D images), images of target digital resources derived from the product, or images of scenes related to the product. Video-based information corresponding to the target digital resources may include various video information about the product itself, video information of target digital resources derived from the product, or video information of scenes related to the product. Audio-based information corresponding to the target digital resources may include various audio information related to the product itself, or audio information of target digital resources derived from the product.

[0111] In this embodiment, after the first transaction is completed, the data structure of the target digital resource can be stored in the state of the aforementioned smart contract in the blockchain. Optionally, the first data obtained in step 202 can also be stored in the list of valid hash values ​​in the aforementioned smart contract.

[0112] Optionally, in subsequent processes, a second transaction invoking the smart contract may also be received. This second transaction includes the brand owner's signature on the aforementioned resource identifier and / or the purchaser's signature on the aforementioned resource identifier, and the brand owner's signature and / or the purchaser's signature are added to the aforementioned data structure. A third transaction invoking the smart contract may also be received. This third transaction includes sales-related information about the target product, and the sales-related information is added to the data structure. The sales-related information about the target product may include, but is not limited to, documents generated by each party in subsequent processes and the signatures of each party (which may be signatures of each party on their respective documents).

[0113] The method for creating digital resources in a blockchain provided in the above embodiments of this specification executes a first transaction for issuing target digital resources corresponding to target commodities. Based on the procurement information and restriction information included in the first transaction, a resource identifier for the target digital resource is generated, and the information of the target digital resource is stored in the blockchain in association with the resource identifier. This enables the issuance of digital resources of physical commodities, improves the security of digital resources, ensures the uniqueness of digital resources by determining the resource identifier based on procurement and restriction information, and ensures the limited availability of digital resources by determining the resource identifier based on restriction information.

[0114] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method for verifying digital resources in a blockchain, as shown in an exemplary embodiment, is provided. This method, which can be applied to nodes in the blockchain, includes the following steps:

[0115] In step 301, a target transaction for verifying the target digital resource is received.

[0116] In this embodiment, a blockchain node receives a target transaction for verifying a target digital resource. This target transaction can invoke a smart contract and includes at least a resource identifier for the target digital resource to be verified. This resource identifier is generated based on the procurement information of the target product and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources.

[0117] In step 302, the resource identifier is verified based on the information stored in the blockchain that is associated with the resource identifier.

[0118] In one implementation, the target transaction may further include the brand's public key and / or the purchaser's public key. The information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes the brand's signature on the resource identifier and / or the purchaser's signature on the resource identifier. Specifically, the resource identifier can be verified based on the information stored in the blockchain associated with it by verifying the brand's signature and / or the purchaser's signature using the brand's public key and / or the purchaser's public key.

[0119] In another implementation, the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes a list of legitimate data containing first data of the target digital resource. This first data is obtained based on the procurement information of the target product, and may be, for example, the aforementioned basic code. Specifically, the resource identifier can be verified based on the information stored in the blockchain associated with it as follows: Based on the resource identifier, obtain the first data corresponding to the target digital resource and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources; verify whether the first data is in the legitimate data list; if the first data is in the legitimate data list, further verify the restriction information.

[0120] In this embodiment, the first data corresponding to the target digital resource and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources can be obtained based on the resource identifier. Specifically, the resource identifier carried by the target transaction can be symmetrically decrypted using the key preset in the aforementioned smart contract to obtain decrypted data. Part of this decrypted data is the first data, and the remaining part is the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources.

[0121] For example, if the resource identifier carried by the target transaction is L, the resource identifier L can be symmetrically decrypted using the key preset in the smart contract to obtain the decrypted data K[M, N]. The first 64 bits of the decrypted data (e.g., K occupies 64 bits) can be taken to obtain the first data K, and the remaining part is the restriction information [M, N] of the same batch of digital resources.

[0122] In this embodiment, for the first data, K can be searched from the list of valid basic codes in the smart contract. If the first data K is found, the verification of the first data is successful. For restriction information, verification can be performed based on preset rules. For example, the preset total issuance of the target digital resource is N, the current issuance of the same batch of digital resources is M, and the restriction information is denoted as [M, N]. If M is less than N, the verification of the restriction information is successful.

[0123] The blockchain digital resource verification method provided in the above embodiments of this specification, in response to receiving a target transaction for verifying a target digital resource, verifies the resource identifier based on information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier carried by the target transaction. This improves the security of digital resources and ensures their uniqueness and limited availability while enabling the issuance of digital resources for physical goods.

[0124] It should be noted that although the operations of the methods of the embodiments of this specification are described in a specific order in the above embodiments, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in that specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. On the contrary, the steps depicted in the flowcharts may be executed in a different order. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0125] Corresponding to the aforementioned embodiments of methods for creating and verifying digital resources in a blockchain, this specification also provides embodiments of apparatuses for creating and verifying digital resources in a blockchain.

[0126] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This specification illustrates a block diagram of a device for creating digital resources in a blockchain according to an exemplary embodiment. The device is deployed on a node of the blockchain and may include: a first receiving module 401, a generating module 402, and a storage module 403.

[0127] The first receiving module 401 is used to receive a first transaction for issuing target digital resources, the target digital resources corresponding to target commodities, and the first transaction includes procurement information of the target commodities and restriction information of the same batch of digital resources.

[0128] The generation module 402 is used to generate a resource identifier for the target digital resource based on the above-mentioned procurement information and the above-mentioned restriction information.

[0129] Storage module 403 is used to store information about the target digital resource in association with the aforementioned resource identifier in the blockchain.

[0130] In some implementations, storage module 403 is configured to: store a data structure of the target digital resource in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier, the data structure including the aforementioned procurement information and the aforementioned restriction information.

[0131] In other implementations, a smart contract is invoked in the first transaction, and storage module 403 is configured to store the aforementioned data structure in the state of the smart contract.

[0132] In other embodiments, the device may further include a second receiving module and a first adding module (not shown in the figure).

[0133] The second receiving module is used to receive a second transaction that invokes the aforementioned smart contract. The second transaction includes the brand owner's signature on the resource identifier and / or the purchaser's signature on the resource identifier.

[0134] The first module is used to add the brand's signature and / or the purchaser's signature to the above data structure.

[0135] In other embodiments, the device may further include a third receiving module and a second adding module (not shown in the figure).

[0136] The third receiving module is used to receive the third transaction that invokes the aforementioned smart contract. The third transaction includes sales-related information of the target product.

[0137] The second module is used to add the aforementioned sales-related information to the data structure.

[0138] In other embodiments, the data structure described above may also include metadata of the target digital resource.

[0139] In other embodiments, generation module 402 may include an encryption submodule (not shown in the figure).

[0140] The encryption submodule is used to encrypt the above-mentioned procurement information and restriction information to obtain the resource identifier.

[0141] In other implementations, the encryption submodule is configured to: verify the brand account and brand owner account corresponding to the target product; if the brand account and brand owner account are legitimate, perform hash calculation on the above-mentioned purchase information using a preset hash algorithm to obtain first data; obtain second data based on the above-mentioned restriction information; encrypt the first data and the second data to obtain the resource identifier.

[0142] It should be understood that the aforementioned device can be pre-installed in the blockchain node or loaded into the blockchain node through download or other means. The corresponding modules in the aforementioned device can cooperate with the modules in the blockchain node to realize the creation scheme of digital resources in the blockchain.

[0143] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This specification illustrates a block diagram of a digital resource verification device in a blockchain according to an exemplary embodiment. The device is deployed on a node of the blockchain and may include: a receiving module 501, an acquisition module 502, and a verification module 503.

[0144] The receiving module 501 is used to receive a target transaction for verifying the target digital resources. The target transaction includes a resource identifier for the target digital resources, which is generated based on the procurement information of the target goods and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources.

[0145] Verification module 502 is used to verify the resource identifier based on the information stored in the blockchain that is associated with the resource identifier.

[0146] In some implementations, the target transaction also includes the brand's public key and / or the purchaser's public key, and the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes the brand's signature on the resource identifier and / or the purchaser's signature on the resource identifier.

[0147] The verification module 502 is configured to verify the brand's signature and / or the purchaser's signature using the brand's public key and / or the purchaser's public key.

[0148] In other implementations, the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes a legitimate data list containing first data of the target digital resource, which is obtained based on procurement information of the target product.

[0149] The verification module 502 is configured to: obtain the first data corresponding to the target digital resource and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources based on the resource identifier; verify whether the first data is in the list of valid data; and if the first data is in the list of valid data, verify the restriction information.

[0150] It should be understood that the aforementioned device can be pre-installed in the blockchain node or loaded into the blockchain node through download or other means. The corresponding modules in the aforementioned device can cooperate with the modules in the blockchain node to implement a verification scheme for digital resources in the blockchain.

[0151] For the device embodiments, since they basically correspond to the method embodiments, the relevant parts can be referred to in the description of the method embodiments. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of one or more embodiments of this specification, depending on actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0152] This specification also provides one or more embodiments of a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that can be used to perform the above-described actions. Figures 1 to 3 The method for creating and verifying digital resources in a blockchain provided in any embodiment.

[0153] One or more embodiments of this specification also provide a computing device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores executable code, and when the processor executes the executable code, it implements the above-described... Figures 1 to 3 The method for creating and verifying digital resources in a blockchain provided in any embodiment.

[0154] In the 1990s, improvements to a technology could be clearly distinguished as either hardware improvements (e.g., improvements to the circuit structure of diodes, transistors, switches, etc.) or software improvements (improvements to the methodology). However, with technological advancements, many methodological improvements today can be considered direct improvements to the hardware circuit structure. Designers almost always obtain the corresponding hardware circuit structure by programming the improved methodology into the hardware circuit. Therefore, it cannot be said that a methodological improvement cannot be implemented using hardware physical modules. For example, a Programmable Logic Device (PLD) (such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)) is such an integrated circuit whose logic function is determined by the user programming the device. Designers can program and "integrate" a digital system onto a PLD themselves, without needing chip manufacturers to design and manufacture dedicated integrated circuit chips. Furthermore, nowadays, instead of manually manufacturing integrated circuit chips, this programming is mostly implemented using "logic compiler" software. Similar to the software compiler used in program development, the original code before compilation must be written in a specific programming language, called a Hardware Description Language (HDL). There are many HDLs, such as ABEL (Advanced Boolean Expression Language), AHDL (Altera Hardware Description Language), Confluence, CUPL (Cornell University Programming Language), HDCal, JHDL (Java Hardware Description Language), Lava, Lola, MyHDL, PALASM, and RHDL (Ruby Hardware Description Language). Currently, the most commonly used are VHDL (Very-High-Speed ​​Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language) and Verilog. Those skilled in the art should understand that by simply performing some logic programming on the method flow using one of these hardware description languages ​​and programming it into an integrated circuit, the hardware circuit implementing the logical method flow can be easily obtained.

[0155] The controller can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, it can take the form of a microprocessor or processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (e.g., software or firmware) executable by the (micro)processor, logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers. Examples of controllers include, but are not limited to, the following microcontrollers: ARC 625D, Atmel AT91SAM, Microchip PIC18F26K20, and Silicon Labs C8051F320. A memory controller can also be implemented as part of the control logic of the memory. Those skilled in the art will also recognize that, in addition to implementing the controller in purely computer-readable program code form, the same functionality can be achieved by logically programming the method steps to make the controller take the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the means included therein for implementing various functions can also be considered as structures within the hardware component. Alternatively, the means for implementing various functions can be considered as both software modules implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0156] The systems, devices, modules, or units described in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer chips or physical entities, or by products with certain functions. A typical implementation device is a server system. Of course, this application does not exclude the possibility that, with the future development of computer technology, the computer implementing the functions of the above embodiments can be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, an in-vehicle human-machine interaction device, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

[0157] While one or more embodiments of this specification provide the operational steps of the methods described in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operational steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive means. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible order of execution among many steps and does not represent the only possible order. In actual device or end product execution, the methods shown in the embodiments or drawings may be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment, or even a distributed data processing environment). The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, product, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, product, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the presence of other identical or equivalent elements in the process, method, product, or apparatus that includes the elements is not excluded. For example, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., is to denote names and does not indicate any particular order.

[0158] For ease of description, the above devices are described in terms of function, divided into various modules. Of course, when implementing one or more of these specifications, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware components, or a module that performs the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0159] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0160] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0161] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0162] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0163] Memory may include non-persistent storage in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0164] Computer-readable media, including both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage, graphene storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0165] Those skilled in the art will understand that one or more embodiments of this specification can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Therefore, one or more embodiments of this specification may take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, one or more embodiments of this specification may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0166] One or more embodiments of this specification can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, that are executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform a particular task or implement a particular abstract data type. One or more embodiments of this specification can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can reside in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0167] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, system embodiments are basically similar to method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this specification. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0168] The above description is merely an embodiment of one or more embodiments of this specification and is not intended to limit the scope of this specification. Various modifications and variations can be made to the one or more embodiments of this specification by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this specification should be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for creating digital resources in a blockchain, applied to nodes of the blockchain, the method comprising: After a target product is sold and an order is generated, a first transaction for issuing target digital resources is received, the target digital resources corresponding to the target product; the first transaction includes purchase information of the target product and restriction information of the same batch of digital resources; the target product is a physical product; the purchase information includes document information corresponding to the target product; the restriction information includes preset total issuance information of the target digital resources and current issuance information of the same batch of digital resources, and / or preset issuance time limit of the target digital resources and current time information of the same batch of digital resources; Based on the procurement information and the restriction information, a resource identifier for the target digital resource is generated; Information about the target digital resource is stored in the blockchain in association with the resource identifier.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein storing the information of the target digital resource in the blockchain in association with the resource identifier includes storing a data structure of the target digital resource in the blockchain in association with the resource identifier, the data structure including the procurement information and the restriction information.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein a smart contract is invoked in the first transaction; the data structure for storing the target digital resource in the blockchain includes storing the data structure in the state of the smart contract.

4. The method according to claim 3, further comprising: Receive a second transaction that invokes the smart contract, the second transaction including the brand owner's signature on the resource identifier and / or the purchaser's signature on the resource identifier; Add the brand owner's signature and / or the purchaser's signature to the data structure.

5. The method according to claim 3, further comprising: Receive a third transaction that invokes the smart contract, the third transaction including sales-related information of the target product; Add the sales-related information to the data structure.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the data structure further comprises: The metadata of the target digital resource.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein generating the resource identifier of the target digital resource based on the procurement information and the restriction information comprises: The resource identifier is obtained by encrypting the procurement information and the restriction information.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the encryption based on the procurement information and the restriction information comprises: Verify the brand account and brand owner account corresponding to the target product; If the brand account and the brand owner account are legitimate, the purchase information is hashed using a preset hash algorithm to obtain the first data; The second data is obtained based on the aforementioned restriction information; The first data and the second data are encrypted to obtain the resource identifier.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein storing the information of the target digital resource in association with the resource identifier in the blockchain includes storing first data of the target digital resource in a list of valid data.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the procurement information of the target commodity further includes at least one of the following: The brand owner's account information for the target product; The brand account information of the target product; The purchaser's account information for the target product.

11. The method of claim 6, wherein the metadata comprises at least one of the following: Description information for the target product; Information in image format corresponding to the target digital resource; Information in video format corresponding to the target digital resource; The target digital resource corresponds to the audio information.

12. A method for verifying digital resources in a blockchain, applied to a node of the blockchain, the method comprising: The system receives a target transaction for verifying a target digital resource. The target transaction includes a resource identifier for the target digital resource, generated after the target product is sold and an order is generated, based on the purchase information of the target product and restriction information of the same batch of digital resources. The target product is a physical product. The purchase information includes document information corresponding to the target product. The restriction information includes a preset total issuance quantity for the target digital resource and the current issuance quantity of the same batch of digital resources, and / or a preset issuance time limit for the target digital resource and the current time information of the same batch of digital resources. The resource identifier is verified based on the information stored in the blockchain that is associated with it.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the target transaction further includes the brand owner's public key and / or the purchaser's public key; the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes the brand owner's signature of the resource identifier and / or the purchaser's purchaser's signature of the resource identifier; wherein, The step of verifying the resource identifier based on the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes: The signature of the brand owner and / or the signature of the purchaser are verified using the public key of the brand owner and / or the public key of the purchaser.

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes a list of legitimate data storing first data of the target digital resource, the first data being obtained based on the procurement information of the target commodity; wherein, The step of verifying the resource identifier based on the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes: Based on the resource identifier, obtain the first data corresponding to the target digital resource and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources; Verify whether the first data is in the list of valid data; If the first data is in the list of valid data, the restriction information is verified.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein obtaining the first data corresponding to the target digital resource and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources based on the resource identifier includes: The resource identifier is decrypted to obtain decrypted data; The first data and the restriction information are obtained from the decrypted data.

16. A device for creating digital resources in a blockchain, applied to a node of the blockchain, the device comprising: A first receiving module is configured to receive a first transaction for issuing target digital resources after the target product is sold and an order is generated, wherein the target digital resources correspond to the target product; the first transaction includes purchase information of the target product and restriction information of the same batch of digital resources; the target product is a physical product; the purchase information includes document information corresponding to the target product; the restriction information includes preset total issuance information of the target digital resources and current issuance information of the same batch of digital resources, and / or preset issuance time limit of the target digital resources and current time information of the same batch of digital resources; The generation module is used to generate a resource identifier for the target digital resource based on the procurement information and the restriction information; A storage module is used to store information about the target digital resource in association with the resource identifier in the blockchain.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the storage module is configured to: A data structure for storing the target digital resource in the blockchain, associated with the resource identifier; the data structure includes the procurement information and the restriction information.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein a smart contract is invoked in the first transaction; the storage module is configured to store the data structure in the state of the smart contract.

19. A verification device for digital resources in a blockchain, applied to a node of the blockchain, the device comprising: A receiving module is configured to receive a target transaction for verifying a target digital resource. The target transaction includes a resource identifier for the target digital resource, which is generated based on the purchase information of the target product and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources after the target product is sold and an order is generated. The target product is a physical product. The purchase information includes the document information corresponding to the target product. The restriction information includes the preset total issuance information of the target digital resource and the current issuance information of the same batch of digital resources, and / or the preset issuance time limit of the target digital resource and the current time information of the same batch of digital resources. The verification module is used to verify the resource identifier based on the information stored in the blockchain that is associated with the resource identifier.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the target transaction further includes the brand owner's public key and / or the purchaser's public key; the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes the brand owner's signature of the resource identifier and / or the purchaser's purchaser's signature of the resource identifier; wherein, The verification module is configured to: The signature of the brand owner and / or the signature of the purchaser are verified using the public key of the brand owner and / or the public key of the purchaser.

21. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the information stored in the blockchain associated with the resource identifier includes a list of legitimate data storing first data of the target digital resource, the first data being obtained based on the procurement information of the target commodity; wherein, The verification module is configured to: Based on the resource identifier, obtain the first data corresponding to the target digital resource and the restriction information of the same batch of digital resources; Verify whether the first data is in the list of valid data; If the first data is in the list of valid data, the restriction information is verified.

22. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-15.

23. A computing device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores executable code, and the processor, when executing the executable code, implements the method of any one of claims 1-15.

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