An evaluation method for VOCs emission control technology of inferior heavy oil processing process

Abstract

The application discloses a VOCs emission control technology evaluation method for a poor heavy oil processing process, and the evaluation method comprises the following steps: S100, on-site detection and experimental detection are performed on the poor heavy oil processing process, and VOCs emission characteristics of each sub-function area are obtained; S200, important VOCs pollution sources corresponding to each sub-function area are screened out based on the VOCs emission characteristics, and the important VOCs pollution sources are taken as evaluation objects; S300, an evaluation index system framework of the evaluation objects is established; S400, an evaluation matrix and an evaluation model are established for VOCs emission control technologies of each sub-function area of the poor heavy oil processing process, and the most suitable control technology of each sub-function area is selected to control VOCs emission. The evaluation method is helpful to realize fine and special control of VOCs emission of the poor heavy oil processing process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of atmospheric pollution control, in particular to a VOCs emission control technology evaluation method for poor heavy oil processing process. BACKGROUND

[0002] According to the "Petrochemical Industry Volatile Organic Compounds Comprehensive Remediation Program" and "Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Pollution Prevention Technology Policy" two documents, the VOC S management of petrochemical industry should follow the whole process control principle. The main content covers: pollution source investigation, source and process control and end control. Among them, the end control means is divided into recovery technology and treatment technology. At present, adsorption recovery, condensation recovery, adsorption + absorption, condensation + adsorption, adsorption concentration + catalytic combustion, adsorption + membrane separation method and low temperature diesel absorption + alkali washing technology are the common VOCs end control technologies of refining enterprises. In order to improve the total control efficiency level of refining VOC S end control technology, it is necessary to select the optimal control technology according to the difference of refining VOC S emission characteristics. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to establish and improve the evaluation mechanism of refining VOC S control technology.

[0003] At present, the research of scholars at home and abroad on atmospheric pollution control technology evaluation system mainly focuses on NO X , SO2, dust, VOC S and other air pollutants. The establishment principle and process of these control technology evaluation models are basically the same. There are few researches on the evaluation method of petrochemical VOC S control technology. The establishment process of VOC S control technology evaluation model of petrochemical industry can refer to the VOCs control technology evaluation model of other industrial sources such as thermal power plant / steel industry / small and medium-sized industrial boiler flue gas pollution and ship / automobile / packaging printing / oil product storage and transportation / furniture industry; It is found that the existing research basically evaluates the VOC S emission control technology of the whole petrochemical park, and there is almost no research on the establishment of high-precision evaluation matrix for refining device area, chemical device area, storage tank area, wastewater collection / treatment area and loading / unloading area involved in poor heavy oil processing process. Moreover, most of the current evaluation methods are based on expert experience, which is subjective, and the weight results obtained by evaluation lack objective correction.

[0004] It is necessary to establish a high-precision evaluation system for each sub-function area (refining device area, chemical device area, storage tank area, wastewater collection / treatment area, loading and unloading area) involved in the process of processing poor heavy oil, so as to realize fine management of VOCs in refining and chemical enterprises. The VOCs emission control technology applicability standard reference system is provided for the enterprises which are building or urgently need to build the process of processing poor heavy oil as the main production process, so as to help the enterprises select and hold appropriate and efficient VOCs control facilities and technologies.

[0005] Therefore, how to research and develop a VOCs emission control technology evaluation method for the process of processing poor heavy oil, which can comprehensively evaluate the refining device area, the chemical device area, the storage tank area, the wastewater collection / treatment area and the loading and unloading area involved in the process one by one, and how to objectively correct the weight results based on the traditional analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-fuzzy coefficient evaluation method (FCE) or single analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are technical problems to be solved in the field. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a VOCs emission control technology evaluation method for the process of processing poor heavy oil, which can make a high-precision evaluation matrix and finally establish an evaluation model for the VOCs emission end control technology of the sub-function area involved in the process of processing poor heavy oil, and select the most suitable control technology for each sub-function area, so as to help realize fine and specific control of VOCs emission in the process of processing poor heavy oil.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present application provides a VOCs emission control technology evaluation method for the process of processing poor heavy oil, which comprises the following steps:

[0009] S100, field detection and experimental detection are performed on the process of processing poor heavy oil, and VOCs emission characteristics of each sub-function area are obtained;

[0010] S200, important VOCs pollution sources corresponding to each sub-function area are screened out as evaluation objects based on the VOCs emission characteristics;

[0011] S300, an evaluation index system framework of the evaluation objects is established;

[0012] S400, an evaluation matrix and an evaluation model are established for the VOCs emission control technology of each sub-function area of the process of processing poor heavy oil, and the most suitable control technology for each sub-function area is selected to control the VOCs emission thereof.

[0013] The evaluation method of this invention first selects important VOCs pollution (emission) sources in sub-functional areas as evaluation objects based on VOCs emission characteristics obtained from on-site detection and surveys. Then, it establishes an evaluation index system framework for the selected evaluation objects. Finally, it makes a high-precision evaluation matrix for VOCs emission control technologies in sub-functional areas involved in the processing of inferior heavy oil and finally establishes an evaluation model to select the most suitable control technology for each sub-functional area. This helps to achieve refined and specialized control of VOCs emissions in the processing of inferior heavy oil.

[0014] Based on the evaluation method of this invention, preferably, the sub-functional areas include a refining unit area, a chemical unit area, a storage tank area, a wastewater collection / treatment area, and a loading / unloading area. According to the source strength distribution results of VOCs emission sources in the processing of inferior heavy oil, this invention further divides the VOCs emission characteristics research object of the inferior heavy oil processing process into sub-functional areas such as a refining unit area, a chemical unit area, a storage tank area, a wastewater collection / treatment area, and a loading / unloading area, and conducts a comprehensive evaluation of each of them.

[0015] Based on the evaluation method of the present invention, preferably, the optimal control technology is selected from the following control technologies: adsorption, absorption, condensation, membrane separation, adsorption + absorption, condensation + adsorption, adsorption concentration + catalytic combustion, RTO and RCO.

[0016] Based on the evaluation method of the present invention, preferably, the VOCs emission characteristics in S100 include:

[0017] Characteristics of VOCs concentration emissions, distribution characteristics of VOCs species, distribution characteristics of VOCs components, commonalities and differences in VOCs emissions in various sub-functional zones, and the impact of VOCs emissions in various sub-functional zones on the distribution of VOCs species in cities and at factory boundaries.

[0018] The VOCs emission characteristics of each sub-functional area in the evaluation method of this invention are derived from on-site detection and field surveys; the ambient air VOCs monitoring method can be based on "Stainless Steel Sampling Tank Sampling GC-MS Method (TO-15)", "Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air Adsorption Tube Sampling-Thermal Desorption / Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method (HJ644-2013)", "Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air Tank Sampling / Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method (HJ759-2015)" and "Total Hydrocarbons in Ambient Air". The recommended methods for monitoring stationary source exhaust gases involving VOCs are: "Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Stationary Source Exhaust Gas: Solid Phase Adsorption-Thermal Desorption / Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HJ734-2014)", "Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Stationary Source Exhaust Gas: Gas Bag Method (HJ732-2014)", and "Determination of Total Hydrocarbons, Methane, and Non-Methane Hydrocarbons in Stationary Source Exhaust Gas: Gas Bag Method (HJ38-2017)".

[0019] Based on the evaluation method of the present invention, preferably, in S200, based on the VOCs emission characteristics and in conjunction with the VOCs control target system of the sub-functional area, important VOCs pollution sources corresponding to each sub-functional area are screened as evaluation objects.

[0020] Based on the evaluation method of the present invention, preferably, the VOCs control target system of the sub-functional area includes:

[0021] Reduce VOCs emission concentrations in sub-functional zones;

[0022] Reduce the contribution of VOCs emissions from sub-functional zones to the ozone generation potential (OFP) at the plant boundary;

[0023] To reduce the impact of VOC emissions from sub-functional zones on the distribution of VOC species in cities and at factory boundaries.

[0024] The establishment of a VOCs control target system can help identify important VOCs pollution sources and priority control species in sub-functional zones. This invention, from three perspectives of the VOCs control target layer and combined with the VOCs emission characteristics of sub-functional zones, identifies key controlled species and key controlled sources of VOCs emissions in the sub-functional zones.

[0025] In the evaluation method of this invention, the evaluation object of the VOCs emission control technology evaluation system for inferior heavy oil processing is the important VOCs pollution (emission) source of the multiple sub-functional areas. The screening of important VOCs pollution (emission) sources needs to be based on the VOCs emission characteristics of the refining unit area, chemical unit area, storage tank area, wastewater collection / treatment area, and loading and unloading area obtained from on-site surveys and experimental tests.

[0026] Based on the evaluation method of the present invention, preferably, the screening process for the important VOCs pollution sources includes:

[0027] S201. Based on the VOCs emission characteristics, select 1-2 species from alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, aromatics, halogenated hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing VOCs as the preferred VOCs species for the sub-functional area.

[0028] S202. Based on the VOCs emission characteristics of equipment and devices in the sub-functional area and the preferred controlled species, determine the VOCs emission sources of the sub-functional area;

[0029] S203. Based on the VOCs emission characteristics of the sub-functional areas and the VOCs control target system, select the corresponding important VOCs pollution sources from the VOCs emission sources as evaluation objects.

[0030] Based on the evaluation method of the present invention, preferably, the evaluation index system framework described in S300 includes:

[0031] The highest target layer (A) is the evaluation of key pollution source control technologies in the sub-functional zones;

[0032] The first-level indicator layer (B) includes technical indicators (B1), economic indicators (B2), and environmental indicators (B3);

[0033] The secondary indicator layer (C) is a refinement of the primary indicator layer (B);

[0034] The technical indicators (B1) include 10 items: removal rate (C1), treated gas volume (C2), technical complexity (C3), operational stability (C4), technical applicability (C5), market share (C6), operational safety (C7), potential for technological improvement (C8), degree of integration and automation (C9), and impact on enterprise production (C10). The economic indicators (B2) include 8 items: resource consumption (C11), electricity cost (C12), heat cost (C13), infrastructure investment (C14), operating cost (C15), maintenance cost (C16), management cost (C17), and recovery revenue (C18). The environmental indicators (B3) include 5 items: compliance status of non-methane total hydrocarbon concentration (C19), compliance status of characteristic component concentration (C20), degree of secondary pollution (C21), reduction of ozone generation potential (OFP) (C22), and reduction of hydrogen sulfide and NO. X Reduction of other pollutants (C23);

[0035] The scheme layer (D) consists of alternative control technologies for key pollution sources in the sub-functional area, including adsorption, absorption, condensation, membrane separation, adsorption + absorption, condensation + adsorption, adsorption concentration + catalytic combustion, RTO, and RCO.

[0036] Based on the evaluation method of the present invention, preferably, in S400, a comprehensive evaluation method combining expert experience and objective weighting is used to establish an evaluation matrix and assessment model for VOCs emission control technology in each sub-functional area of ​​the inferior heavy oil processing process.

[0037] Based on the evaluation method of the present invention, preferably, the step of establishing an evaluation matrix and assessment model for VOCs emission control technology in each sub-functional area of ​​the inferior heavy oil processing process using a comprehensive evaluation method combining expert experience and objective weighting includes:

[0038] The evaluation method, which combines the Rank-Sum Ratio (RSR), Entropy Weight Method, Negative Correlation Coefficient Method, Weighted Composite Method + Weighted Average Method, Top-Side Solution Distance Method (TOPSIS), and Fuzzy Multi-Criterion Method (VIKOR), is used to objectively correct the weight results obtained from the traditional Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) – Fuzzy Coefficient Evaluation (FCE) method or a single AHP method, and to select the optimal control technology for each sub-functional area. The backslash "\" indicates an "or" relationship, and "+" indicates an "and," meaning a combined approach.

[0039] Based on the evaluation method of the present invention, preferably, the step of establishing an evaluation matrix and assessment model for VOCs emission control technology in each sub-functional area of ​​the inferior heavy oil processing process using a comprehensive evaluation method combining expert experience and objective weighting includes:

[0040] S401. Based on the evaluation index system framework, determine the weight vector (W), namely, the weight value of the first-level index (the importance of each first-level index to the target layer), the weight value of the second-level index (the importance of each second-level index to the first-level index), and the comprehensive weight value (the importance of each second-level index directly to the target layer).

[0041] Specifically, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to determine the weight values ​​of the primary indicators; the entropy weight method or the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method is used to determine the weight values ​​of the secondary indicators; if the comprehensive weight value is to be determined directly, it is recommended to use a combination of the AHP-entropy weight method and the AHP-QFD method.

[0042] S402. Quantify the 23 secondary indicators (including performance indicators and numerical indicators) corresponding to the candidate control technologies for key pollution sources in sub-functional zones;

[0043] Among them, the quantification of performance indicators adopts the grade assignment method; the quantification of numerical indicators adopts the normalization method, the fuzzy distribution function method, and the life cycle cost (LCC) model method.

[0044] S403. Use the traditional Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-Fuzzy Coefficient Evaluation (FCE) or a single Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to establish an evaluation matrix and obtain an evaluation technique weight result based on expert experience.

[0045] S404. An evaluation matrix is ​​established by selecting an evaluation method in the form of RSR, entropy weight method, negative correlation coefficient method, weight synthesis method + weighted average method, TOPSIS, and VIKOR combination, so as to obtain an evaluation technology weight result that is completely based on objective laws.

[0046] S405. Determine whether the weight results of the two evaluation techniques are consistent. If the two results are ranked in the same order, then the process ends.

[0047] S406. If the weighting results of the two evaluation techniques are inconsistent, perform sensitivity analysis to correct the results and return to S405.

[0048] This invention provides an evaluation method for VOCs emission control technologies in the processing of inferior heavy oil. First, based on VOCs emission characteristics obtained from on-site testing and surveys, important VOCs pollution (emission) sources in sub-functional areas are selected as evaluation objects. Then, an evaluation index system framework is established for the selected evaluation objects. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation method combining expert experience and objective weighting is used, including the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) – Fuzzy Coefficient Evaluation (FCE), Entropy Weight Method – Top-to-Best Solution Distance Method (TOPSIS), Rank-Sum Ratio Method (RSR) – Weighted Average Method, Negative Correlation Coefficient Method – Fuzzy Multi-Criterion Method (VIROR), Weighted Synthesis Method – Top-to-Best Solution Distance Method (TOPSIS), and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) – Quality Function Deployment Method (QFD), to generate a high-precision evaluation matrix for the end-of-pipe VOCs emission control technologies in the sub-functional areas involved in the processing of inferior heavy oil. Finally, an evaluation model is established, selecting the most suitable control technology for each sub-functional area, which helps to achieve refined and specialized control of VOCs emissions in the processing of inferior heavy oil. Provide a VOCs emission control technology applicability standard reference system for enterprises that are under construction or about to be built and whose main production process is the processing of inferior heavy oil, so as to help enterprises select and implement appropriate and efficient VOCs control facilities and technologies.

[0049] The evaluation method of this invention has the following outstanding features:

[0050] 1) The VOCs control target system of the present invention helps to screen important VOCs pollution sources and priority control species in the sub-functional areas involved in the processing of inferior heavy oil.

[0051] 2) The method of screening key VOCs pollution sources in sub-functional areas based on VOCs emission characteristics as evaluation objects in this invention helps to strengthen enterprises' refined and specialized management and control of VOCs emission sources.

[0052] 3) The high-precision evaluation model establishment method of the present invention objectively corrects the traditional evaluation weight results based on expert subjective experience.

[0053] 4) The evaluation method of this invention helps enterprises establish a high-precision evaluation matrix for each of the important pollution sources involved in the processing of inferior heavy oil, including refining units, chemical plants, storage tanks, wastewater collection / treatment areas, and loading / unloading areas. It provides a reference system for the applicability of VOCs emission control technologies for enterprises that are under construction or about to be built and whose main production process is the processing of inferior heavy oil. This helps enterprises select and implement appropriate and efficient VOCs control facilities and technologies, thereby improving the overall control efficiency of VOCs end-of-pipe treatment technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the VOCs emission control technology evaluation method for the processing of inferior heavy oil according to the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the screening process for important VOCs pollution sources in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the process and results of screening key VOCs pollution sources in tank farms based on VOCs emission characteristics in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 4 This is a framework diagram of the evaluation index system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 5 This is a flowchart for establishing a high-precision evaluation matrix and model in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To more clearly illustrate the present invention, the following description, in conjunction with preferred embodiments, further clarifies the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the specific descriptions below are illustrative rather than restrictive, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Current research on VOCs control technology evaluation methods in the petrochemical industry primarily focuses on the entire petrochemical park. Few studies establish high-precision evaluation matrices for each sub-functional area involved in the processing of inferior heavy oil, such as refining units, chemical plants, storage tanks, wastewater collection / treatment areas, and loading / unloading areas. There is a lack of awareness of refined management that considers key pollution sources in sub-functional areas involved in crude oil processing based on emission characteristics as evaluation objects. Furthermore, most current VOCs control technology evaluation methods in the petrochemical industry are based on expert subjective experience, lacking the support and correction of objective evaluation. Based on VOCs emission characteristics obtained from on-site monitoring and surveys, it is necessary to screen out important VOCs pollution sources in sub-functional areas (refining unit area, chemical unit area, storage tank area, wastewater collection / treatment area, loading and unloading area) as evaluation objects. A comprehensive evaluation method combining multiple expert experiences and objective weighting is then employed to create a high-precision evaluation matrix for VOCs emission end-of-pipe control technologies in these sub-functional areas, ultimately establishing an assessment model. This aims to achieve refined and specific control of VOCs emissions from the processing of low-quality heavy oil. Based on this, this invention proposes an evaluation method for VOCs emission control technologies in the processing of low-quality heavy oil, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this evaluation method includes:

[0061] S100. Conduct on-site and experimental testing of the inferior heavy oil processing process to obtain the VOCs emission characteristics of each sub-functional area;

[0062] S200. Based on the VOCs emission characteristics, important VOCs pollution sources corresponding to each sub-functional area are selected as evaluation objects.

[0063] S300. Establish the evaluation index system framework for the evaluation object;

[0064] S400: Establish an evaluation matrix and assessment model for VOCs emission control technologies in each sub-functional area of ​​the inferior heavy oil processing process, and select the most suitable control technology for each sub-functional area to control its VOCs emissions.

[0065] The embodiments of this invention provide a detailed description of each step:

[0066] S100: Conduct on-site and experimental testing of the processing of inferior heavy oil to obtain the VOCs emission characteristics of each sub-functional area.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present invention, based on the source strength distribution of VOCs emission sources in the inferior heavy oil processing process, the VOCs emission characteristics research object of the inferior heavy oil processing process is further divided into sub-functional areas such as oil refining unit area, chemical unit area, storage tank area, wastewater collection / treatment area, and loading and unloading area.

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, the VOCs emission characteristics of sub-functional zones include VOCs concentration emissions, species and component distribution, common and differential patterns of VOCs emissions, and the impact on the distribution of VOCs species in urban areas and at factory boundaries. The VOCs emission patterns of sub-functional zones described in this embodiment of the invention are derived from on-site detection and field surveys; the ambient air VOCs monitoring methods can be based on "Stainless Steel Sampling Tank Sampling GC-MS Method (TO-15)," "Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air: Adsorption Tube Sampling-Thermal Desorption / Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HJ644-2013)," "Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air: Tank Sampling / Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HJ759-2015)," and "Total Hydrocarbons in Ambient Air..." The recommended methods for determining total hydrocarbons (methane and non-methane) are: direct injection gas chromatography (HJ604-2017); for stationary source exhaust gas monitoring involving VOCs, the recommended methods are: solid phase adsorption-thermal desorption / gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HJ734-2014), gas bag method (HJ732-2014), and gas bag method (HJ38-2017).

[0069] S200. Based on the VOCs emission characteristics, important VOCs pollution sources corresponding to each sub-functional area are selected as evaluation objects.

[0070] Specifically, based on the VOCs emission characteristics and in conjunction with the VOCs control target system of the sub-functional zones, important VOCs pollution sources corresponding to each sub-functional zone are selected as evaluation objects.

[0071] The establishment of a VOCs control target system can help identify important VOCs pollution sources and priority control species in sub-functional zones. This invention, from three perspectives of the VOCs control target layer and combined with the VOCs emission characteristics of sub-functional zones, identifies key controlled species and key controlled sources of VOCs emissions in the sub-functional zones.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, the VOCs control target system of the sub-functional area includes:

[0073] Reduce VOCs emission concentrations in sub-functional zones;

[0074] Reduce the contribution of VOCs emissions from sub-functional zones to the ozone generation potential (OFP) at the plant boundary;

[0075] To reduce the impact of VOC emissions from sub-functional zones on the distribution of VOC species in cities and at factory boundaries.

[0076] In the evaluation method of this invention, the evaluation object of the VOCs emission control technology evaluation system for inferior heavy oil processing is the important VOCs pollution (emission) source of the multiple sub-functional areas. The screening of important VOCs pollution (emission) sources needs to be based on the VOCs emission characteristics of the refining unit area, chemical unit area, storage tank area, wastewater collection / treatment area, and loading and unloading area obtained from on-site surveys and experimental tests.

[0077] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the screening process for important VOCs pollution sources includes:

[0078] S201. Based on the VOCs emission characteristics, select 1-2 species from alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, aromatics, halogenated hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing VOCs as the preferred VOCs species for the sub-functional area.

[0079] S202. Based on the VOCs emission characteristics of equipment and devices in the sub-functional area and the preferred controlled species, determine the VOCs emission sources of the sub-functional area;

[0080] S203. Based on the VOCs emission characteristics of the sub-functional areas and the VOCs control target system, select the corresponding important VOCs pollution sources from the VOCs emission sources as evaluation objects.

[0081] In this embodiment of the invention, the screening process of key VOCs pollution sources in tank farms will be used to illustrate step 200 in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 3This diagram illustrates the process and results of screening key VOCs pollution sources in tank farms based on VOCs emission characteristics. The tank types involved in the processing of low-quality heavy oil can be divided into two categories according to function: refining tanks (storing raw materials, intermediate products, and finished oil products from refining units) and chemical tanks (storing organic liquids involved in chemical units). The selection is influenced by the nature of the stored materials, tank type, natural conditions, tank size, and VOCs. S The impact of control levels and sampling methods on VOCs in Chinese storage tanks S The emission sources are strong and the component concentrations vary greatly. Generally, dome-roof tanks storing acidic water, sludge, and other materials are subject to source and process control, specifically by replacing the tank type with floating roof tanks. For floating roof tanks, not only should the floating plate be carefully selected, but end-of-pipe treatment facilities should also be added. Therefore, floating roof tanks are a key target for VOCs end-of-pipe treatment in tank farms. Oil products stored in floating roof tanks in oil refining systems include: crude oil, diesel, gasoline, gasoline-diesel blends, jet fuel base oil, jet fuel refined oil, and heavy naphtha; organic liquids stored in floating roof tanks in chemical systems include: naphtha, reformate, refined oil, extracted feedstock, extracted oil, cracked gasoline, waste gasoline, hexane, p-xylene, o-xylene, and C9 aromatics. In this embodiment of the invention, the key VOCs pollution sources in the tank farm are selected only from the floating roof tanks storing the above materials.

[0082] Combining previous research on the characteristics and patterns of VOCs emissions from storage tanks with the three objectives of VOCs emission control from storage tanks, the final result is as follows: Figure 3 Gasoline tanks were selected as a key source of VOCs pollution in the tank area and used as the evaluation object of the VOCs control technology evaluation system for the tank area.

[0083] S300. Establish the evaluation index system framework for the evaluation object.

[0084] The evaluation index system framework in the embodiments of the present invention consists of four layers, including the highest target layer (A), the first-level index layer (B), the second-level index layer (C), and the scheme layer (D).

[0085] Figure 4 This invention provides a framework diagram for an evaluation index system for VOCs emission control technology of key pollution sources in a sub-functional area for processing inferior heavy oil. The evaluation index system framework includes:

[0086] The highest target layer (A) is the evaluation of key pollution source control technologies in the sub-functional zones;

[0087] The first-level indicator layer (B) includes technical indicators (B1), economic indicators (B2), and environmental indicators (B3);

[0088] The secondary indicator layer (C) is a refinement of the primary indicator layer (B);

[0089] The technical indicators (B1) include 10 items: removal rate (C1), treated gas volume (C2), technical complexity (C3), operational stability (C4), technical applicability (C5), market share (C6), operational safety (C7), potential for technological improvement (C8), degree of integration and automation (C9), and impact on enterprise production (C10). The economic indicators (B2) include 8 items: resource consumption (C11), electricity cost (C12), heat cost (C13), infrastructure investment (C14), operating cost (C15), maintenance cost (C16), management cost (C17), and recovery revenue (C18). The environmental indicators (B3) include 5 items: compliance status of non-methane total hydrocarbon concentration (C19), compliance status of characteristic component concentration (C20), degree of secondary pollution (C21), reduction of ozone generation potential (OFP) (C22), and reduction of hydrogen sulfide and NO. X Reduction of other pollutants (C23);

[0090] The scheme layer (D) consists of alternative control technologies for key pollution sources in the sub-functional area, including adsorption, absorption, condensation, membrane separation, adsorption + absorption, condensation + adsorption, adsorption concentration + catalytic combustion, RTO, and RCO.

[0091] It should be specifically noted that the "characteristic component" limitation range of "characteristic component concentration compliance status (C20)" in the secondary indicator layer (C) of this invention is determined based on the distribution of VOCs species and components in the sub-functional area. The scheme layer (D) is determined based on a survey of the VOCs emission control technology database for the sub-functional area.

[0092] S400: Establish an evaluation matrix and assessment model for VOCs emission control technologies in each sub-functional area of ​​the inferior heavy oil processing process, and select the most suitable control technology for each sub-functional area to control its VOCs emissions.

[0093] The optimal control technology is selected from the following control technologies: adsorption, absorption, condensation, membrane separation, adsorption + absorption, condensation + adsorption, adsorption concentration + catalytic combustion, RTO, and RCO.

[0094] Figure 5 The flowchart for establishing a high-precision evaluation matrix and model includes the following steps:

[0095] S401. Based on the evaluation index system framework, determine the weight vector (W), namely, the weight value of the first-level index (the importance of each first-level index to the target layer), the weight value of the second-level index (the importance of each second-level index to the first-level index), and the comprehensive weight value (the importance of each second-level index directly to the target layer).

[0096] Specifically, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to determine the weight values ​​of the primary indicators; the entropy weight method or the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method is used to determine the weight values ​​of the secondary indicators; if the comprehensive weight value is to be determined directly, it is recommended to use a combination of the AHP-entropy weight method and the AHP-QFD method.

[0097] S402. Quantify the 23 secondary indicators (including performance indicators and numerical indicators) corresponding to the candidate control technologies for key pollution sources in sub-functional zones;

[0098] Among them, the quantification of performance indicators adopts the grade assignment method; the quantification of numerical indicators adopts the normalization method, the fuzzy distribution function method, and the life cycle cost (LCC) model method.

[0099] S403. Use the traditional Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-Fuzzy Coefficient Evaluation (FCE) or a single Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to establish an evaluation matrix and obtain an evaluation technique weight result based on expert experience.

[0100] S404. An evaluation matrix is ​​established by selecting an evaluation method in the form of RSR, entropy weight method, negative correlation coefficient method, weight synthesis method + weighted average method, TOPSIS, and VIKOR combination, so as to obtain an evaluation technology weight result that is completely based on objective laws.

[0101] S405. Determine whether the weight results of the two evaluation techniques are consistent. If the two results are ranked in the same order, then the process ends.

[0102] S406. If the weighting results of the two evaluation techniques are inconsistent, perform sensitivity analysis to correct the results and return to S405.

[0103] By employing evaluation methods combining RSR, entropy weight method, negative correlation coefficient method, weighted synthesis method + weighted average method, TOPSIS, and VIKOR, the technical evaluation weight results obtained from traditional Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-Fuzzy Coefficient Evaluation (FCE) or single AHP can be objectively corrected. This yields a technical evaluation result with high objectivity and accuracy while retaining the practical experience of experts. The backslash "\" indicates an "or" relationship, and "+" indicates an "and," signifying a combined application.

[0104] The evaluation method of this invention helps enterprises establish a high-precision evaluation matrix for each of the refining unit area, chemical unit area, storage tank area, wastewater collection / treatment area, and loading / unloading area involved in the processing of inferior heavy oil; it helps enterprises strengthen the refined and specialized management of VOCs pollution (emission) sources in the processing of inferior heavy oil, and promotes the improvement and perfection of VOCs emission control technology evaluation for the processing of inferior heavy oil; it provides a VOCs emission control technology applicability standard reference system for enterprises that are under construction or about to be built and whose main production process is the processing of inferior heavy oil, and helps enterprises select and implement appropriate and efficient VOCs control facilities and technologies.

[0105] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation methods here. All obvious variations or modifications derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating VOCs emission control technologies for a process for processing inferior heavy oil, characterized by, The evaluation method comprises the following steps: S100, on-site detection and experimental detection are performed on the inferior heavy oil processing process to obtain VOCs emission characteristics of each sub-functional zone; the sub-functional zone comprises a refinery device zone, a chemical device zone, a storage tank zone, a wastewater collection / treatment zone and a loading / unloading zone; the VOCs emission characteristics comprise VOCs concentration emission characteristics, VOCs species distribution characteristics, VOCs component distribution characteristics, commonness and difference rules of VOCs emission of each sub-functional zone, and influence rules of VOCs emission of each sub-functional zone on urban and factory boundary VOCs species distribution; S200, based on the VOCs emission characteristics and in combination with a VOCs control target system of the sub-functional zone, important VOCs pollution sources corresponding to each sub-functional zone are screened out as evaluation objects; the VOCs control target system of the sub-functional zone comprises reducing VOCs emission concentration of the sub-functional zone, reducing the contribution of VOCs emission of the sub-functional zone to the factory boundary ozone generation potential, and weakening the influence degree of VOCs emission of the sub-functional zone on urban and factory boundary VOCs species distribution; the screening process of the important VOCs pollution sources comprises: S201, based on the VOCs emission characteristics, 1-2 kinds are selected from alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, arenes, halogenated hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing VOCs as VOCs optimal control species of the sub-functional zone; S202, based on the equipment and device point source VOCs emission characteristics in the sub-functional zone and the optimal control species, VOCs emission sources of the sub-functional zone are determined; S203, based on the VOCs emission characteristics of the sub-functional zone and the VOCs control target system, important VOCs pollution sources corresponding to the VOCs emission sources are screened out as evaluation objects; S300, an evaluation index system framework of the evaluation objects is established; S400, an evaluation matrix and an evaluation model are established for VOCs emission control technologies of each sub-functional zone of the inferior heavy oil processing process, and the most suitable control technology is selected for each sub-functional zone to control VOCs emission, wherein the most suitable control technology is selected from the following control technologies: adsorption, absorption, condensation, membrane separation method, adsorption+absorption, condensation+adsorption, adsorption concentration+ catalytic combustion, RTO and RCO.

2. The method for evaluating the VOCs emission control technology of the inferior heavy oil processing process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The evaluation index system framework in S300 comprises: a highest target layer, which is a key pollution source control technology evaluation of the sub-functional zone; a first index layer, which comprises technical indexes, economic indexes and environmental indexes; a second index layer, which is a refinement of the first index layer; Among them, the technical indicators are divided into 10 items, including removal rate, treatment gas volume, technical complexity, operation stability, technical applicability, market share, operation safety, technical improvement space, integration and automation degree and influence on enterprise production; the economic indicators are divided into 8 items, including resource consumption, power cost, heat cost, capital investment, operation cost, maintenance cost, management cost and recovery benefit; the environmental indicators are divided into 5 items, including non-methane total hydrocarbon concentration reaching standard, characteristic component concentration reaching standard, secondary pollution degree, reduction of ozone generation potential, reduction of hydrogen sulfide and NO X Reduction of other pollutants; a scheme layer, which is a key pollution source candidate control technology of the sub-functional zone, and comprises adsorption, absorption, condensation, membrane separation method, adsorption+absorption, condensation+adsorption, adsorption concentration+ catalytic combustion, RTO and RCO.

3. The method for evaluating the VOCs emission control technology of the inferior heavy oil processing process according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S400, a comprehensive evaluation method combining expert experience and objective weighting is used to establish an evaluation matrix and an evaluation model for VOCs emission control technologies of each sub-functional zone of the inferior heavy oil processing process.

4. The method for evaluating the VOCs emission control technology of the inferior heavy oil processing process according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steps of using the comprehensive evaluation method combining expert experience and objective weighting to establish an evaluation matrix and an evaluation model for VOCs emission control technologies of each sub-functional zone of the inferior heavy oil processing process comprise: The evaluation method of the combination of the rank sum ratio method, the entropy weight method, the negative correlation coefficient method, the weight synthesis method, the weighted average method, the TOPSIS method and the VIKOR method is used to objectively correct the weight results obtained by the traditional analytic hierarchy process-fuzzy coefficient evaluation method or the single analytic hierarchy process, and the most suitable control technology of each sub-functional area is selected.

5. The method for evaluating the VOCs emission control technology of the inferior heavy oil processing process according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steps of establishing the evaluation matrix and the evaluation model of the VOCs emission control technology of each sub-functional area of the poor-quality heavy oil processing process by the comprehensive evaluation method using the combination of the expert experience and the objective weighting include: S401. On the basis of the evaluation index system framework, the weight vector, i.e., the first-level index weight value, the second-level index weight value and the comprehensive weight value, is determined. The analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the first-level index weight value, the entropy weight method or the quality function deployment method is used to determine the second-level index weight value, and the AHP-entropy weight method and the AHP-QFD combined method is used to directly determine the comprehensive weight value; S402. The 23 second-level indexes corresponding to the selected control technologies of the key pollution sources of the sub-functional area are quantified. The grade assignment method is used to quantify the performance indexes, and the normalization method, the fuzzy distribution function method and the full life cycle cost model method are used to quantify the numerical indexes; S403. The evaluation matrix is established by the traditional analytic hierarchy process-fuzzy coefficient evaluation method or the single analytic hierarchy process method, and a weight result of the evaluation technology based on the expert experience is obtained; S404. The evaluation matrix is established by the evaluation method of the combination of the RSR method, the entropy weight method, the negative correlation coefficient method, the weight synthesis method, the weighted average method, the TOPSIS method and the VIKOR method, and a weight result of the evaluation technology based on the objective law is obtained; S405. Whether the two weight results of the evaluation technology are consistent is judged, and if the two results are consistent in sequence, the process is ended; S406. If the two weight results of the evaluation technology are inconsistent in sequence, the sensitivity analysis is performed to correct the result, and the process returns to S405.

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