A method for constructing a reservoir ecological operation model with coordinated optimization of operation process and operation rules

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reservoir ecological dispatching model construction method for coordinated optimization of dispatching process and dispatching rules, including the following steps: S1, creating a flooding process and calculating the total amount of reservoir capacity transfer; S2, obtaining the water level of the flooding period in the updated water level subsequence based on the outflow flow of the flooding process; S3, based on the water level daily fluctuation constraint, calculating the water level and the period reservoir capacity transfer in the updated water level subsequence period by period; and recalculating the total amount of reservoir capacity transfer and the water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence, thereby completing the reservoir capacity transfer; S4, using the re-acquired updated water level subsequence, calculating the updated outflow flow subsequence. The advantage is that it can realize the desired dispatching process taking into account the ecological needs of the four major carps and the optimal ecological dispatching opportunity, and provides a new perspective for the ecological dispatching practice for the protection of domestic fish spawning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reservoir dispatching, and in particular to a method for constructing a reservoir ecological dispatching model for coordinated optimization of a dispatching process and a dispatching rule. Background Art

[0002] In order to meet the water rise process required for the spawning of the four major carps during the scheduling process, the existing ecological scheduling mostly sets daily flow fluctuation constraints or ecological flow process constraints in the single-objective optimization model. This method cannot take into account indicators such as the duration of the water rise, the starting flow, and the maximum water rise flow. There are also studies that have derived scheduling rules that reflect the water rise process of domestic fish spawning and can take into account multiple indicators and then implement rule-based scheduling. This method cannot determine the optimal start time for scheduling and will cause a large loss of power generation. There are also studies that have been conducted by constructing a multi-objective optimization scheduling model, but the resulting set of plans still requires further decision-making to determine the specific plan.

[0003] The current ecological scheduling for the spawning protection of the four major carps is difficult to take into account the various scheduling indicators of the rising water process, or it sacrifices a large amount of power generation to ensure the rising water process for the spawning of domestic fish. It is impossible to obtain a scheduling process that accurately meets the ecological water demand process and takes into account the optimal ecological start-up timing, and achieve full coordination between ecological and economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a reservoir ecological scheduling model in which the scheduling process and the scheduling rules are coordinated and optimized, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for constructing a reservoir ecological dispatching model for coordinated optimization of dispatching process and dispatching rules includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Create a flooding process and calculate the total amount of storage capacity transfer;

[0008] S2. Based on the outflow during the flooding process, obtain the water level during the flooding period in the updated water level subsequence;

[0009] S3. Based on the water level daily fluctuation constraint, the water level and storage capacity transfer amount in the updated water level subsequence are calculated period by period; and the total storage capacity transfer amount and the water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence are recalculated to complete the storage capacity transfer;

[0010] S4. Calculate and update the outflow flow subsequence using the newly acquired updated water level subsequence.

[0011] Preferably, step S1 specifically includes the following contents:

[0012] S11. Based on the optimization scheduling model with maximum power generation as the objective function, the end time, daily flow rate increase and the number of days of increase randomly generated during the solution using the intelligent optimization algorithm are used to reversely create the flooding process, and the outbound flow corresponding to each period of the updated outbound flow subsequence is obtained. The calculation formula is:

[0013] begin_day=finish_day-increaseday

[0014] Among them, finish_day is the randomly generated end time of the flood process; begin_day is the start time of the flood process; increaseday is the number of days the flood process lasts;

[0015]

[0016] in, To update the outbound flow corresponding to the outbound flow subsequence t period, when t = finish_day, is the outbound flow corresponding to the period t of the initial outbound flow subsequence, and the outbound flow of other periods of the updated outbound flow subsequence is derived in reverse order; is to update the outbound flow corresponding to the t-1 period of the outbound flow subsequence; deltaflow is the daily increase in flow;

[0017] S12. Calculate the total amount of storage capacity transfer, and update the outflow flow subsequence to maintain the water balance state. The calculation formula is:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, Q t is the outbound flow corresponding to the original outbound flow subsequence in period t; transfer_Q is the total storage capacity transfer.

[0020] Preferably, step S2 is specifically to calculate the water level of the flooding period in reverse order using the water balance equation based on the outflow during the flooding process and the final water level corresponding to the flooding end time in the initial water level sequence, and obtain the water level of the flooding period in the updated water level subsequence. The calculation formula is:

[0021]

[0022] in, They are respectively the final water level and final storage capacity corresponding to the updated water level subsequence t period; I are the initial water level and initial storage capacity corresponding to the updated water level subsequence t period respectively; t is the inflow flow in period t; Δt is the length of the period.

[0023] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following contents:

[0024] S31. Starting from the period before the start period of the flooding process, determine in reverse order whether the last water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence and the initial water level corresponding to the current period of the initial water level subsequence both meet the water level daily variation constraint; if not, the initial water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence is determined by the last water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence and the daily variation constraint; if satisfied, the initial water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence is set equal to the initial water level corresponding to the current period of the initial water level subsequence; the calculation formula is,

[0025]

[0026] Among them, Z t is the initial water level corresponding to the initial water level sequence period t; ΔZ t is the maximum daily variation of water level corresponding to time period t;

[0027] S32, determine whether the total storage capacity transfer in the current period is 0, if so, directly proceed to step S36; otherwise, proceed to step S33;

[0028] S33, when the final water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence is less than the initial water level corresponding to the current period and the water level difference between the two is less than the maximum daily fluctuation of the water level in the current period, the transferable reservoir capacity of the current period is calculated according to the maximum daily fluctuation of the water level corresponding to the current period and the upper limit of the initial water level corresponding to the current period. The calculation formula is:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, Δtransfer_Q t is the transferable storage capacity during period t; To update the initial water level upper limit corresponding to the water level subsequence t period; The initial water level corresponding to the time period t of the updated water level subsequence obtained in step S31;

[0031] S34. Recalculate the total storage capacity transfer amount. The calculation formula is:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, transfer_Q t-1 is the total storage capacity transfer in period t-1; transfer_Q t is the total storage capacity transfer in period t; Δtransfer_Q t is the transferable storage capacity during period t;

[0034] S35, recalculate the initial water level of the period, the calculation formula is:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, f is the mapping relationship from reservoir capacity to water level;

[0037] S36. Recalculate the initial water level of the period based on whether the outflow flow during the period meets the constraints. The calculation formula is:

[0038]

[0039] in, They are the maximum outbound flow and the minimum outbound flow in period t respectively.

[0040] Preferably, the updated water level sequence obtained in step S3 is combined with the inflow flow, and based on the water balance equation, the updated outflow flow subsequence is sequentially calculated. The calculation formula is:

[0041]

[0042] in, It is the initial water level corresponding to the time period t of the updated water level subsequence obtained in step S36.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The mathematical connection between the dispatching process and the dispatching rules is established, providing theoretical support for the coordinated optimization method of the dispatching process and the dispatching rules. 2. The dispatching process that accurately meets the ecological water demand process and takes into account the optimal ecological start-up time can be obtained. 3. The constructed ecological dispatching model can implement different levels of water rise processes and thus stimulate the spawning of the four major carps to different degrees, thereby realizing the controllable ecological effect of the dispatching means. 4. The contradiction between ecological benefits and economic benefits can be fully coordinated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the collaborative coupling of processes and rules in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of reservoir water level and outflow flow during different flooding processes in a flood year according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the reservoir water level and outflow flow process during different flooding processes in a normal water year according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the reservoir water level and outflow flow process during different water rise processes in a dry year in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, in order to solve the problem that it is difficult for traditional scheduling process optimization methods to obtain a scheduling process that accurately reflects ecological water demand and that rule scheduling is difficult to accurately determine the optimal start time of ecological scheduling, a reservoir ecological scheduling model construction method for coordinated optimization of scheduling process and scheduling rules is provided, including the following steps:

[0051] S1. Create a flooding process and calculate the total amount of storage capacity transfer;

[0052] S2. Based on the outflow during the flooding process, obtain the water level during the flooding period in the updated water level subsequence;

[0053] S3. Based on the water level daily fluctuation constraint, the water level and storage capacity transfer amount in the updated water level subsequence are calculated period by period; and the total storage capacity transfer amount and the water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence are recalculated to complete the storage capacity transfer;

[0054] S4. Calculate and update the outflow flow subsequence using the newly acquired updated water level subsequence.

[0055] After the above four steps are completed, based on the updated outbound flow sequence obtained in step S4, the optimal scheduling model with maximum power generation as the objective function is optimized using an intelligent optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal scheduling process.

[0056] The present invention is based on the maximum power generation optimization scheduling model and uses the intelligent optimization algorithm to solve the randomly generated original sequence process and the end time of the water rise process. In the process, the scheduling rules that reflect the water rise process required for the spawning of the four major carps are coupled, and the scheduling process coupled with the scheduling rules is ensured to maintain a water balance state through the transfer of reservoir capacity operation, thereby realizing the coordinated optimization scheduling of the process and the rules. Finally, the algorithm is used to find the optimal scheduling process that accurately meets the ecological water demand process and takes into account the optimal ecological start-up timing, which provides a new practical perspective for the research on the spawning protection of the four major carps.

[0057] The method of the present invention mainly includes four parts, namely, creating a flooding process and calculating the total amount of storage capacity transferred, updating the flooding water level, updating the water level and transferring the storage capacity, and updating the outflow flow; the following is a detailed description of these four parts.

[0058] 1. Create a flooding process and calculate the total amount of storage capacity transferred

[0059] The flooding process is created in reverse order according to the randomly generated end time, daily flow rate increase, and the number of days the increase lasts, and the outbound flow corresponding to each period of the updated outbound flow subsequence is obtained. The calculation formula is:

[0060] begin_day=finish_day-increaseday

[0061] Among them, finish_day is the randomly generated end time of the flood process; begin_day is the start time of the flood process; increaseday is the number of days the flood process lasts;

[0062]

[0063] in, To update the outbound flow corresponding to the outbound flow subsequence t period, when t = finish_day, is the outbound flow corresponding to the period t of the initial outbound flow subsequence, and the outbound flow of other periods of the updated outbound flow subsequence is derived in reverse order; To update the outbound flow corresponding to the t-1 period of the outbound flow subsequence; deltaflow is the daily increase in flow.

[0064] Since the artificial flooding process destroys the water balance of the initial sequence, in order to ensure that the updated sequence maintains the water balance, the total amount of reservoir capacity transfer is calculated. The calculation formula is:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, Q t is the outbound flow corresponding to the original outbound flow subsequence in period t; transfer_Q is the total storage capacity transfer.

[0067] 2. Update the water level during the flooding process

[0068] Based on the outflow during the flooding process calculated in step 1 and the final water level corresponding to the end time of the flooding in the initial water level sequence, the water level during the flooding period is calculated in reverse order using the water balance equation to obtain the water level during the flooding period in the updated water level subsequence. The calculation formula is:

[0069]

[0070] in, They are respectively the final water level and final storage capacity corresponding to the updated water level subsequence t period; I are the initial water level and initial storage capacity corresponding to the updated water level subsequence t period respectively; t is the inflow flow in period t; Δt is the length of the period.

[0071] 3. Update water level and transfer storage capacity

[0072] Starting from the period before the start of the flooding process, determine in reverse order whether the final water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence and the initial water level corresponding to the current period of the initial water level subsequence both meet the water level daily variation constraint; if not, the initial water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence is determined by the final water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence and the daily variation constraint; if satisfied, the initial water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence is set equal to the initial water level corresponding to the current period of the initial water level subsequence; the calculation formula is,

[0073]

[0074] Among them, Z t is the initial water level corresponding to the initial water level sequence period t; ΔZ t is the maximum daily variation of water level corresponding to time period t;

[0075] Determine whether the total storage capacity transfer in the current period is 0. If so, go directly to (4); otherwise, execute (1)-(4) in sequence;

[0076] (1) When the final water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence is less than the initial water level corresponding to the current period and the water level difference between the two is less than the maximum daily fluctuation of the water level in the current period, the transferable reservoir capacity of the current period is calculated according to the maximum daily fluctuation of the water level corresponding to the current period and the upper limit of the initial water level corresponding to the current period. The calculation formula is:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, Δtransfer_Q t is the transferable storage capacity during period t; To update the initial water level upper limit corresponding to the water level subsequence t period; is the initial water level corresponding to the time period t of the updated water level subsequence obtained in step 3;

[0079] (2) Recalculate the total storage capacity transfer amount using the following formula:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, transfer_Q t-1 is the total storage capacity transfer in period t-1; transfer_Q t is the total storage capacity transfer in period t; Δtransfer_Q t is the transferable storage capacity during period t;

[0082] (3) Recalculate the initial water level of the period. The calculation formula is:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, f is the mapping relationship from reservoir capacity to water level;

[0085] (4) Recalculate the initial water level of the period based on whether the outflow flow during the period meets the constraints. The calculation formula is:

[0086]

[0087] in, They are the maximum outbound flow and the minimum outbound flow in period t respectively.

[0088] 4. Update outbound traffic

[0089] The updated water level sequence obtained after completing steps 1, 2, and 3 is combined with the inflow flow, and based on the water balance equation, the updated outflow flow subsequence is calculated sequentially. The calculation formula is:

[0090]

[0091] in, It is the initial water level corresponding to the time period t of the updated water level subsequence obtained in step S36.

[0092] After step S4 is completed, based on the updated outbound flow sequence obtained in step S4, the intelligent optimization algorithm is used to optimize the optimization scheduling model with maximum power generation as the objective function to obtain the optimal scheduling process. The two indicators of minimum flow at the beginning and maximum flow at the beginning are processed according to the infeasible solution.

[0093] Intelligent optimization algorithms can be selected according to actual conditions to better meet actual needs.

[0094] In summary, the logical process of the present invention is: based on the original sequence and the end time of the flooding process randomly generated when solving the maximum power generation optimization scheduling model using the intelligent optimization algorithm (the end time of the flooding process is to add a one-dimensional flooding end time variable on the basis of the decision dimension of the original model, and the decision space corresponding to the variable is the breeding period of the four major carps), a mathematical connection between the flooding rule and the original sequence is established, and the scheduling rules of the flooding process required for the spawning of the four major carps are coupled. The initial sequence is reconstructed through four steps: creating flooding and calculating the total amount of reservoir capacity transfer, updating the flooding water level, updating the water level and transferring the reservoir capacity, and updating the outflow flow, and then an updated sequence coupled with the flooding rule is obtained. The algorithm then seeks the best based on the updated sequence, and finally obtains the optimal scheduling process that accurately meets the ecological water demand process and takes into account the optimal ecological start-up timing.

[0095] Embodiment 2

[0096] In this embodiment, the implementation of the Three Gorges Reservoir to promote the spawning of four major carps is taken as an example. According to the method described in Example 1, an ecological scheduling model for coordinated optimization of the scheduling process and scheduling rules is constructed, and 9 types of flooding rules are formulated. Compared with the optimization scheduling model, the ecological scheduling model of the present invention successfully implements a variety of flooding processes with minimal power generation loss.

[0097] The Three Gorges Reservoir undertakes multiple tasks such as flood control, power generation, shipping, water supply, energy conservation and emission reduction. It is the backbone power source for my country's west-to-east power transmission and north-south power supply. The drawdown period of the Three Gorges Reservoir (January 1 to June 10) is taken as the research period, and the time scale is day. Based on the long-term runoff data of the Three Gorges Reservoir from 1959 to 2008, the average runoff during the scheduling period was analyzed using the P-Ⅲ curve. The wet year, normal year, and dry year (with corresponding frequencies of 25%, 50%, and 75%, respectively) were selected. The scheduling model constraints were determined according to the relevant provisions of the "Three Gorges (Normal Operation Period)-Gezhouba Water Conservancy Project Cascade Scheduling Regulations (2019 Revised Edition)". At the same time, according to the spawning and reproduction resource and environmental requirements of the four major carps, the ecological scheduling period was determined to be from May 10 to June 10 in the scheduling model, and a variety of water rise rules were formulated for scheduling calculations (the rules are marked with D*F*, such as D3F1000 means that the artificial flood peak rise lasts for 3 days, and the daily flow rate is 1000m 3 / s), the dispatching indicators of different flooding rules are shown in Table 1.

[0098] Table 1 Dispatching indicators of various flooding rules

[0099]

[0100] The optimization goal is to maximize power generation. The mathematical expression is as follows:

[0101]

[0102] Where T is the number of time periods in the scheduling period; N t is the output in period t, kW; K is the comprehensive output coefficient of the hydropower station; Q t , H t are the power generation flow and water head in period t, m 3 / s, m; Δt is the time period length, h.

[0103] Considering the safety of the reservoir dam itself, upstream flood control tasks, downstream shipping needs, and the output limit of the hydropower station turbine, the specific constraints are as follows:

[0104] ① Water balance constraints

[0105] S t+1 =S t +(I t -Qt )Δt-L t

[0106] Among them, S t , S t+1 They are the initial storage capacity and final storage capacity of the reservoir, billion m 3 ;I t , Q t are the inflow and outflow of the reservoir during period t, m 3 / s;L t represents the water loss of the reservoir during period t, m 3 .

[0107] ②Water level constraint

[0108]

[0109] in, are the upper and lower limits of the water level in the reservoir during period t, m.

[0110] ③ Constraints on daily water level fluctuations

[0111]

[0112] in, is the maximum daily variation of water level in the reservoir during period t, m.

[0113] ④ Downflow flow restriction

[0114]

[0115] in, are the maximum and minimum discharge flows of the reservoir in period t, respectively. 3 / s.

[0116] ⑤ Output constraints

[0117]

[0118] in, is the maximum output and guaranteed output of the hydropower station in period t, kW.

[0119] The scheduling process and the scheduling rule coordination steps are the steps in the first embodiment.

[0120] Differential evolution, an intelligent optimization algorithm, is used to solve the scheduling model.

[0121] like Figure 2-Figure 4As shown in the figure, D7F3000 was not successfully implemented in the wet year, D5F3000 and D7F3000 were not successfully implemented in the normal year, and D5F3000, D7F2000 and D7F3000 were not successfully implemented in the dry year. It can be seen that the successful implementation of different levels of flooding rules is closely related to the water situation. The drier the water, the more difficult it is to implement high-level flooding rules (i.e., the longer the flooding lasts and the larger the daily increase in flow, and vice versa, it is a low-level flooding rule). In addition, the successful implementation of different levels of flooding rules is also related to flow constraints, water level daily fluctuation constraints and water level constraints. The water situation is better in the wet year, Figure 2 The results of optimal scheduling and ecological scheduling can both meet the spawning needs of the four major carps well. The main difference between the two is that the outflow process obtained by ecological scheduling can accurately meet the water level rise process required for the spawning of the four major carps; the reservoir water level and outflow process ( Figure 3 ) It can be seen that the optimized outflow process is in line with the D3F1000, D3F2000, D3F3000, D5F1000, and D5F2000 flooding rules. Under the same water inflow situation, the outflow process obtained by the two dispatching methods is not much different, and the optimized outflow process is difficult to meet the D7F1000 and D7F2000 flooding rules. After carrying out ecological dispatch based on the process and rule collaborative optimization method, the outflow process is completely in line with these two flooding rules; according to the reservoir water level and outflow process of different flooding rules implemented in the dry year ( Figure 4 ) It can be seen that the optimized outflow process includes processes that comply with the D3F1000 and D3F2000 flooding rules. Under the same water inflow conditions, the outflow processes obtained by the two scheduling methods are not much different, while the optimized outflow process is difficult to meet the D3F3000, D5F1000, D5F2000, and D7F1000 flooding rules. The outflow process after ecological scheduling is completely in line with these four flooding rules.

[0122] In addition, whether the different levels of water rise process can be successfully implemented is also related to flow constraints, water level daily fluctuation constraints and water level constraints. Further, the state values ​​(inflow, outflow, reservoir water level, time, daily flow rate increase perceived by fish, cumulative flow rate increase perceived by fish) when the water rise rules are activated in three typical years of abundant, normal and dry seasons are statistically shown in Table 2. Combined with the operation process diagram, it can be seen that the starting inflow and outflow are basically located at the local minimum point, the reservoir water level at the time of the rise is maintained at a relatively high water level, and the rising time is mainly determined by the specific water situation. The daily flow rate increase perceived by fish and the cumulative flow rate increase perceived by fish can reflect the effect of different levels of water rise rules on promoting the spawning of domestic fish to a certain extent.

[0123] Table 2 State values ​​of the optimal start time of each flooding rule

[0124]

[0125] From the optimization scheduling law, it can be seen that from the perspective of the degree of damage to the optimal state: the realization of the water rise process is to destroy the original optimal operation process of power generation. On the one hand, in order to minimize the degree of damage to the optimal process of power generation, the water rise process should be fully combined with the specific water situation to implement; on the other hand, the degree of damage to the optimal operation process is basically proportional to the duration of the water rise and the daily increase in flow. However, it should be considered that if the daily fluctuation range of the optimal outflow flow process of power generation is greater than the daily fluctuation range of the flow in the water rise process, it will lead to the loss of power generation in the implementation of the low-level water rise process greater than the loss of power generation in the implementation of the high-level water rise process. Therefore, the implementation of the water rise process at what level should fully consider the water situation and carry out ecological scheduling. From the perspective of the power station should ensure a higher head benefit: in order to maximize the power generation, the power station should maintain a high water level as much as possible for power generation. Therefore, the water rise process should be implemented as much as possible during the spawning period of the four major carps. In addition, in order to implement a high-level water rise process as much as possible, the starting flow should not be too large on the premise of meeting the needs of the four major carps, so as to ensure that the end flow of the water rise process meets the downstream flow constraint and the water level daily fluctuation constraint.

[0126] Table 3 shows the power generation calculation results of the optimization and rule-coordinated dispatching methods in three typical years of flood, normal and dry seasons. In flood years, the power generation loss obtained after the successful implementation of 8 flooding processes can be controlled within 0.08% compared with the conventional optimization power generation loss; in normal years, the power generation loss obtained after the successful implementation of 7 flooding processes can be controlled within 0.43% compared with the conventional optimization power generation loss; in dry years, the power generation loss obtained after the successful implementation of 6 flooding processes can be controlled within 0.22% compared with the conventional optimization power generation loss.

[0127] Table 3 Power generation under different dispatching modes (10 8 kW·h)

[0128]

[0129] Generally speaking, the impact of ecological scheduling on power generation is small. Combined with the values ​​of the two indicators of daily flow rate increase felt by fish and cumulative flow rate increase felt by fish in Table 2, it is recommended to implement the D3F3000, D5F2000, and D7F2000 water rise processes in flood years to stimulate the spawning and reproduction of the four major carps, while fully utilizing the water situation during the breeding period of the four major carps. It is recommended to implement the D3F3000, D5F2000, and D7F1000 water rise processes in normal and dry years to stimulate the spawning and reproduction of the four major carps.

[0130] By adopting the above technical solution disclosed in the present invention, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

[0131] The present invention provides a method for constructing a reservoir ecological dispatching model that coordinates the optimization of the dispatching process and the dispatching rules. The method establishes a mathematical connection between the dispatching process and the dispatching rules, and provides theoretical support for the method for coordinately optimizing the dispatching process and the dispatching rules. The method can obtain a dispatching process that accurately meets the ecological water demand process and takes into account the optimal ecological start-up timing. The ecological dispatching model constructed by the method can implement different levels of water rise processes and thus stimulate the spawning of the four major carps to varying degrees, thereby achieving controllable ecological effects of dispatching means. The method can fully coordinate the contradiction between ecological benefits and economic benefits.

[0132] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a reservoir ecological dispatching model for coordinated optimization of dispatching process and dispatching rules, characterized in that: Based on the original sequence and the end time of the flooding process randomly generated when solving the maximum power generation optimization scheduling model using the intelligent optimization algorithm, the mathematical connection between the flooding rule and the original sequence is established, and the scheduling rule of the flooding process required for the spawning of the four major carps is coupled. The initial sequence is reconstructed through four steps: creating flooding and calculating the total amount of reservoir capacity transfer, updating the flooding water level, updating the water level and transferring the reservoir capacity, and updating the outflow flow, and then the updated sequence coupled with the flooding rule is obtained. The algorithm then optimizes according to the updated sequence, and finally obtains the optimal scheduling process that accurately meets the ecological water demand process and takes into account the optimal ecological start-up timing; The end time of the flooding process is to add a one-dimensional flooding end time variable on the basis of the original model decision dimension, and the decision space corresponding to the variable is the breeding period of the four major carps; The four steps are as follows: S1, create a flooding process and calculate the total amount of storage capacity transfer; Step S1 specifically includes the following contents: S11. Based on the optimization scheduling model with maximum power generation as the objective function, the end time, daily flow rate increase and the number of days of increase randomly generated during the solution using the intelligent optimization algorithm are used to reversely create the flooding process, and the outbound flow corresponding to each period of the updated outbound flow subsequence is obtained. The calculation formula is: begin_day=finish_day-increaseday Among them, finish_day is the randomly generated end time of the flood process; begin_day is the start time of the flood process; increaseday is the number of days the flood process lasts; in, To update the outbound flow corresponding to the outbound flow subsequence t period, when t = finish_day, is the outbound flow corresponding to the period t of the initial outbound flow subsequence, and the outbound flow of other periods of the updated outbound flow subsequence is derived in reverse order; is to update the outbound flow corresponding to the t-1 period of the outbound flow subsequence; deltaflow is the daily increase in flow; S12. Calculate the total amount of storage capacity transfer, and update the outflow flow subsequence to maintain the water balance state. The calculation formula is: Among them, Q t is the outbound flow corresponding to the original outbound flow subsequence t period; transfer_Q is the total storage capacity transfer; S2, based on the outflow during the flooding process, obtain the water level during the flooding period in the updated water level subsequence; Step S2 is specifically to calculate the water level during the flooding period in reverse order using the water balance equation based on the outflow during the flooding process and the final water level corresponding to the flooding end time in the initial water level sequence, and obtain the water level during the flooding period in the updated water level subsequence. The calculation formula is: in, They are respectively the final water level and final storage capacity corresponding to the updated water level subsequence t period; I are the initial water level and initial storage capacity corresponding to the updated water level subsequence t period respectively; t is the inflow flow in period t; Δt is the length of the period; S3, based on the water level daily fluctuation constraint, calculate and obtain the water level and storage capacity transfer amount in the updated water level subsequence period by period; and recalculate the total storage capacity transfer amount and the water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence, thereby completing the storage capacity transfer; Step S3 specifically includes the following contents, S31. Starting from the period before the start period of the flooding process, determine in reverse order whether the last water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence and the initial water level corresponding to the current period of the initial water level subsequence both meet the water level daily variation constraint; if not, the initial water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence is determined by the last water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence and the daily variation constraint; if satisfied, the initial water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence is set equal to the initial water level corresponding to the current period of the initial water level subsequence; the calculation formula is, Among them, Z t is the initial water level corresponding to the initial water level sequence period t; ΔZ t is the maximum daily variation of water level corresponding to time period t; S32, determine whether the total storage capacity transfer in the current period is 0, if so, directly proceed to step S36; otherwise, proceed to step S33; S33, when the final water level corresponding to the current period of the updated water level subsequence is less than the initial water level corresponding to the current period and the water level difference between the two is less than the maximum daily fluctuation of the water level in the current period, the transferable reservoir capacity of the current period is calculated according to the maximum daily fluctuation of the water level corresponding to the current period and the upper limit of the initial water level corresponding to the current period. The calculation formula is: Among them, Δtransfer_Q t is the transferable storage capacity during period t; To update the initial water level upper limit corresponding to the water level subsequence t period; The initial water level corresponding to the time period t of the updated water level subsequence obtained in step S31; S34. Recalculate the total storage capacity transfer amount. The calculation formula is: Among them, transfer_Q t-1 is the total storage capacity transfer in period t-1; transfer_Q t is the total storage capacity transfer in period t; Δtransfer_Q t is the transferable storage capacity during period t; S35, recalculate the initial water level of the period, the calculation formula is: Among them, f is the mapping relationship from reservoir capacity to water level; S36. Recalculate the initial water level of the period based on whether the outflow flow during the period meets the constraints. The calculation formula is: in, They are the maximum outbound flow and the minimum outbound flow in period t respectively; S4, using the re-acquired updated water level subsequence, calculate and update the outflow flow subsequence; The updated water level sequence obtained in step S3 is combined with the inflow flow, and based on the water balance equation, the updated outflow flow subsequence is calculated sequentially. The calculation formula is: in, It is the initial water level corresponding to the time period t of the updated water level subsequence obtained in step S36.

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