Phased array radar stereoscopic area re-scan method based on weather threat level

Abstract

The application provides a stereoscopic area retrace method of a phased array radar based on a weather threat level, comprising the following steps: step one, obtaining three-dimensional echoes of a weather body target at t0 and position and spatial distribution information of multiple thunderstorm targets by emitting electromagnetic wave pulses in the elevation and azimuth dimensions; step two, comparing the distance and center of mass azimuth angle in each thunderstorm with a threshold value to realize pre-selection of the thunderstorm targets and obtain multiple selected thunderstorm targets; step three, sorting the threat levels of the multiple selected thunderstorm targets to obtain a thunderstorm target array; and step four, controlling the phased radar beam pointing to sequentially scan the multiple selected thunderstorm targets in three-dimensional space according to the sorting order of the thunderstorm target array, and enabling the phased radar beam pointing to directly jump from the scanning end position of a preceding thunderstorm target to the scanning start position of a subsequent thunderstorm target until the multiple thunderstorm targets in the thunderstorm target array are scanned.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of radar, in particular to a phased array radar based on a three-dimensional area back-scan method of a weather threat level. BACKGROUND

[0002] An airborne weather radar detects weather information in front of an aircraft, guides a pilot to make a route planning and avoid in advance. With the improvement of the demand for flight safety in civil aviation, higher requirements are put forward for the function and performance of weather detection, and more accurate, richer and more real-time weather target detection and display warning need to be realized. The traditional airborne weather radar realizes two-dimensional plane space angle-by-angle scanning through the mechanical movement of the antenna, and can obtain weather information of a specific height layer in front. The scanning efficiency completely depends on the antenna driving device. However, as a space object, the weather phenomenon needs to be finely scanned in multiple angles and multiple planes, and the three-dimensional information is obtained to better guide the pilot to develop a multi-dimensional avoidance strategy.

[0003] When the traditional flat panel antenna radar performs three-dimensional scanning, it can only complete the azimuth scanning and then enter the next elevation layer scanning one by one due to system limitations, and the scanning mode is single and the update time is slow. With the development of two-dimensional active phased array technology, the airborne weather radar can be equipped with a two-dimensional active antenna, the phase of the feed of each radiation unit of the array antenna is controlled by using electronic technology to control the beam forming, beam emission and receiving direction, and the electronic beam scanning is used to drive the beam to detect between frames, the electronic beam is flexibly switched in the detection space by using the agility characteristics of the electronic beam, the three-dimensional space is covered, and more flexible and rapid weather detection is realized.

[0004] Based on the rapid beam forming and beam agility characteristics of the two-dimensional active airborne weather radar during space scanning, a flexible small-scale three-dimensional weather rapid scanning method is designed. The two-dimensional active airborne weather radar can form a beam through the antenna to emit and receive electromagnetic waves in a specified space, and complete the rapid three-dimensional scanning of the three-dimensional area. The method avoids the idling of the radar in the target area, directly switches between the target areas, and quickly completes the acquisition of the internal structure of the more fine weather object. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application provides a phased array radar based on a three-dimensional area back-scan method of a weather threat level.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides the following technical scheme: a phased array radar based on a three-dimensional area back-scan method of a weather threat level, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Acquire the three-dimensional echo of the meteorological target at time t0 by emitting electromagnetic wave pulses in the pitch and azimuth dimensions and obtain the position and spatial distribution information of multiple thunderstorm targets;

[0008] Step 2: Compare the distance and centroid azimuth of each thunderstorm with a threshold value to pre-screen thunderstorm targets and obtain multiple screened thunderstorm targets;

[0009] Step 3: sort the threat levels of the multiple screened thunderstorm targets to obtain a sorted thunderstorm target array;

[0010] Step 4: Control the phased-control radar beam pointing to perform three-dimensional spatial scanning on the multiple screened thunderstorm targets in sequence according to the sorting order of the sorted thunderstorm target array, and enable the phased-control radar beam pointing to directly jump from the scanning end position of the previous screened thunderstorm target to the scanning start position of the next screened thunderstorm target, until the scanning of the multiple screened thunderstorm targets in the thunderstorm target array is completed;

[0011] Step 5: Obtain the position and spatial distribution information of multiple screened thunderstorm targets at time t1, and be able to identify and track the set target among the multiple screened thunderstorm targets.

[0012] Furthermore, step 1 is specifically as follows: obtaining the position and spatial distribution information S of multiple thunderstorm targets through thunderstorm identification algorithm n [θ az_center ,β el_center ,R n ,θ az_start ,θ az_end ,β el_bottom ,β el_top ],n∈[1,N], where n is the number of thunderstorms, θ az_center is the azimuth angle value of the thunderstorm centroid, β el_center The pitch angle value of the thunderstorm centroid, R n is the distance from the thunderstorm centroid to the aircraft, θ az_start and θ az_end are the starting and ending angles of the thunderstorm boundary, β el_bottom and β el_top are the bottom pitch angle and top pitch angle of the thunderstorm boundary in the pitch dimension, and N is a constant.

[0013] Furthermore, step 2 includes: step 2.1, setting the distance threshold R thre and the angle threshold θ thre , by satisfying the screening condition R n >R thre or θ az_center |>θ thre Thunderstorms are eliminated.

[0014] Further, the step two further comprises: step 2.2, obtaining the position and spatial distribution information S of the screened thunderstorm targets according to the screening result of step 1.1 m [θ az_center ,β el_center ,R m ,θ az_start ,θ az_end ,β el_bottom ,β el_top ], m∈[1, M], M≤N, wherein M is a constant less than N, R m is the distance of the mth thunderstorm centroid from the aircraft.

[0015] Further, the step three is specifically: sorting the multiple screened thunderstorm targets according to the distance of the thunderstorm centroid as the threat level to obtain a sorted thunderstorm target array S' m [θ az_center ,β el_center ,R m ,θ az_start ,θ az_end ,β el_bottom ,β el_top ], m∈[1, M], wherein R1<R2<...R M .

[0016] Further, the step four comprises: step 4.1, controlling the beam of the phased array radar to point to the azimuth and elevation angle starting position of the preceding screened thunderstorm target, and sequentially completing the three-dimensional space scanning from the azimuth and elevation angle starting position to the azimuth and elevation angle ending position according to the azimuth step and the elevation step.

[0017] Further, the step four comprises: step 4.2, controlling the beam of the phased array radar to directly jump from the azimuth and elevation angle ending position of the preceding screened thunderstorm target to the azimuth and elevation angle starting position of the subsequent screened thunderstorm target.

[0018] Further, the step four further comprises: step 4.3, repeating the step 4.1 and the step 4.2 until the multiple screened thunderstorm targets in the thunderstorm target array are all scanned.

[0019] Further, according to the result of step 4.3 and the meteorological three-dimensional data rapid scanning method, the position and spatial distribution information of the multiple screened thunderstorm targets at t1 is obtained, and the set target is identified and tracked.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the at least one technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present specification can achieve the beneficial effects at least including: taking advantage of the two-dimensional active phased array radar beam agility, flexibly controlling the pointing angle and scanning range of the transmitting and receiving beams, realizing the spatial hopping of the beams through electronic beams, completing the small-range rapid three-dimensional scanning of one or more thunderstorm targets, and efficiently realizing the three-dimensional detection and tracking of multiple weather targets in the front airspace by the airborne weather radar. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional scanning of a set thunderstorm;

[0024] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic diagram of the scanning method in DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0026] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a phased array radar three-dimensional area backscattering method based on weather threat level, including the following steps:

[0028] Step one, obtain the three-dimensional echo of the weather target at t0 moment and the position and spatial distribution information of multiple thunderstorm targets by transmitting electromagnetic wave pulses in the pitch and azimuth dimensions;

[0029] Step two, compare the distance and centroid azimuth angle in each thunderstorm with the threshold value to realize the pre-screening of the thunderstorm targets and obtain multiple screened thunderstorm targets;

[0030] Step three, sort the threat levels of the multiple screened thunderstorm targets to obtain a sorted thunderstorm target array;

[0031] Step 4: Control the phased-control radar beam pointing to perform three-dimensional spatial scanning on the multiple screened thunderstorm targets in sequence according to the sorting order of the sorted thunderstorm target array, and enable the phased-control radar beam pointing to directly jump from the scanning end position of the previous screened thunderstorm target to the scanning start position of the next screened thunderstorm target, until the scanning of the multiple screened thunderstorm targets in the thunderstorm target array is completed;

[0032] Step 5: Obtain the position and spatial distribution information of multiple screened thunderstorm targets at time t1, and be able to identify and track the set target among the multiple screened thunderstorm targets.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention utilize the advantages of two-dimensional active phased array radar beam agility to flexibly control the pointing angle and scanning range of the transmit and receive beams, realize beam hopping in space through electronic beams, complete small-scale rapid three-dimensional scanning of one or more thunderstorm targets, and efficiently realize the three-dimensional detection and tracking of multiple weather targets in the airspace ahead by the airborne weather radar.

[0034] Step 1 is as follows: obtain the location and spatial distribution information S of multiple thunderstorm targets through thunderstorm identification algorithm n [θ az_center ,β el_center ,R n ,θ az_start ,θ az_end ,β el_bottom ,β el_top ],n∈[1,N], where n is the number of thunderstorms, θ az_center is the azimuth angle value of the thunderstorm centroid, β el_center The pitch angle value of the thunderstorm centroid, R n is the distance from the thunderstorm centroid to the aircraft, θ az_start and θ az_end are the starting and ending angles of the thunderstorm boundary, β el_bottom and β el_top are the bottom pitch angle and top pitch angle of the thunderstorm boundary in the pitch dimension, and N is a constant.

[0035] When airborne weather radar identifies and tracks thunderstorms in the airspace, after obtaining thunderstorm information in the airspace ahead of the aircraft, it is necessary to continuously monitor the development trend and movement path of the thunderstorm, and judge the threat level of the thunderstorm through the spatial relationship with the flight path or flight altitude, and issue an alarm.

[0036] Step 2 includes: Step 2.1, setting the distance threshold R thre and the angle threshold θ thre , by satisfying the screening condition R n >R thre or θ az_center |>θthre The thunderstorm is eliminated.

[0037] Step 2.2, obtaining the position and spatial distribution information S of the screened thunderstorm target according to the screening result of step 1.1 m [θ az_center ,β el_center ,R m ,θ az_start ,θ az_end ,β el_bottom ,β el_top ], m is in [1, M], M is less than or equal to N, wherein M is a constant less than N, R m is the distance of the mth thunderstorm centroid from the aircraft.

[0038] Further, step three is specifically: sorting the multiple screened thunderstorm targets according to the distance of the thunderstorm centroid as a threat level to obtain a sorted thunderstorm target array S' m [θ az_center ,β el_center ,R m ,θ az_start ,θ az_end ,β el_bottom ,β el_top ], m is in [1, M], wherein R1<R2<...R M .

[0039] As shown in Figure 1 , step four includes:

[0040] Step 4.1, controlling the beam of the phased array radar to point to the azimuth and elevation angle starting position of the preceding screened thunderstorm target, and sequentially completing the three-dimensional space scanning from the azimuth and elevation angle starting position to the azimuth and elevation angle ending position according to the azimuth step and the elevation step.

[0041] Step 4.2, controlling the beam of the phased array radar to point to the azimuth and elevation angle ending position of the preceding screened thunderstorm target directly jumps to the azimuth and elevation angle starting position of the subsequent screened thunderstorm target.

[0042] Step 4.3, repeating step 4.1 and step 4.2 until the multiple screened thunderstorm targets in the thunderstorm target array are scanned.

[0043] The present application utilizes the beam agility of the phased array radar to realize the step-by-step scanning of the detection beam in different azimuths and elevations, avoids the scanning time staying in the no-weather area, and can complete the three-dimensional echo acquisition of one or more thunderstorm targets.

[0044] It should be noted that the scanning mode in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to Figure 2and Figure 3 For example, in an embodiment not shown, the scanning can be performed in a horizontal manner from left to right, in a vertical manner from top to bottom, or in an inclined manner, as long as the spatial position scanning can be achieved, which should be within the protection scope of the present application.

[0045] According to the result of step 4.3 and the weather three-dimensional data fast scanning method, the position and spatial distribution information of the screened thunderstorm targets at t1 are obtained, and the set target is identified and tracked.

[0046] The present application first utilizes the beam agility characteristics of the phased array weather radar to rapidly switch and scan the beam among multiple thunderstorm target spaces, avoids the idling of the airborne weather radar in the non-target area during the large space multi-target detection, improves the space scanning efficiency of the radar, and can more real-timely obtain the three-dimensional information of the dangerous weather in the flight scene, so as to provide accurate and timely data information for the identification and tracking of the dangerous target.

[0047] The specific embodiments of the present application are as follows:

[0048] Step 1: The airborne weather radar obtains the three-dimensional echo of the weather body target by transmitting electromagnetic wave pulses in the pitch and azimuth dimensions, and obtains the position and spatial distribution information of five thunderstorms at t0 after processing by a thunderstorm identification algorithm Wherein n is the number of thunderstorms, and is 1 to 5; θ az_center is the azimuth angle value of the thunderstorm centroid, and the unit is degree, left negative and right positive; β el_center is the pitch angle value of the thunderstorm centroid, and the unit is degree, down negative and up positive; R n is the distance of the thunderstorm centroid from the aircraft, and the unit is km; θ az_start and θ az_end are the starting angle and ending angle values of the boundary in the azimuth of the thunderstorm, and the unit is degree. β el_bottom and β el_top are the bottom pitch angle and top pitch angle values of the boundary in the pitch dimension of the thunderstorm, and the unit is degree.

[0049] Step 2: The distance and centroid azimuth angle in each thunderstorm are compared with the threshold value, and the thunderstorm targets exceeding the distance threshold R thre = 100 km and the angle threshold θ thre = 45 degrees are removed from the group.

[0050] if R n >R thre or |θ az_center |>θ thre , then the R n corresponding S n target is removed.

[0051] The pre-screening of the thunderstorm targets at long distance and the thunderstorm targets with large angle difference with the flight route is realized. Thus, the screened two thunderstorm targets S4 [-20, -3, 55, -15, -26, -5, 0] and S5 [0, -4, 69, -15, 18, -6, 2] are obtained.

[0052] Step 3: The two thunderstorm targets are sorted according to the distance R of the thunderstorm center as the threat level, and the sorted thunderstorm target array S is obtained. n Wherein S4(R) < S5(R).

[0053] Step 4: The beam of the phased array radar is controlled to point to the azimuth and elevation angle starting position POS(1, 1) = [θ az_start =-15, β el_bottom =-5] corresponding to the target S4, and the electromagnetic wave is transmitted, and the echo of the target at the position is received.

[0054] Step 5: According to the azimuth step Δθ = 0.25 degrees, the beam of the phased array radar is controlled to point to the next position POS(1, 2) = [θ az =-14.75, β el_bottom =-5] to transmit the electromagnetic wave, and the echo of the target at the position is received. The elevation angle β el_bottom is fixed. The electromagnetic wave transmission and echo data reception of the azimuth angle between θ az_start and θ az_end at the elevation angle are completed in turn.

[0055] Step 6: According to the elevation step Δβ = 1.5 degrees, the beam of the phased array radar is controlled to enter the scanning row of the next elevation angle, and the starting position is POS(2, 1) = [θ az_start =-15, β el =-3.5]. The electromagnetic wave transmission and echo data reception of the azimuth angle between θ az_start and θ az_end at the elevation angle are completed in turn.

[0056] Step 7: Step 6 is repeated, and the next elevation scanning row is entered again according to the elevation step Δβ, and the starting position is POS(i, 1). Until the absolute value of the last elevation angle ≥ β el_top , after the scanning of the elevation layer is completed, step 8 is entered.

[0057] Step 8: The beam of the phased array radar is controlled to point to, and directly jumps from the scanning end position [θ az_end =-26, β el_top =0] of the target S4 to the scanning starting position [θ az_start =-15, β el_bottom ​= -6], entering the next target S5 three-dimensional space scanning.

[0058] Step 9: repeat steps 5-8, sequentially complete S' m space scanning of all targets in the middle, obtain two thunderstorm three-dimensional data at this time t1.

[0059] Step 10: through the meteorological three-dimensional data fast scanning, can obtain the thunderstorm three-dimensional data at t1 time, for carrying out the thunderstorm target recognition and tracking.

[0060] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, which cannot limit the scope of the application. Therefore, the replacement of equivalent components or equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the patent protection of the present application should still belong to the scope covered by the patent. In addition, the technical features in the present application can be freely combined with each other, and the technical features can be freely combined with each other.

Claims

1. A phased array radar stereoscopic area coverage method based on weather threat level, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one, obtaining the three-dimensional echo of the meteorological target at t0 time by transmitting electromagnetic wave pulses in the elevation and azimuth, and obtaining the position and spatial distribution information of multiple thunderstorm targets; Step two, comparing the distance and centroid azimuth in each thunderstorm with the threshold value to realize the pre-selection of the thunderstorm targets and obtain multiple selected thunderstorm targets; Step three, sorting the threat level of the multiple selected thunderstorm targets to obtain a sorted thunderstorm target array; Step four, controlling the phased radar beam pointing to sequentially scan the multiple selected thunderstorm targets in three-dimensional space according to the sorting order of the sorted thunderstorm target array, and enabling the phased radar beam pointing to directly jump from the scanning end position of the preceding selected thunderstorm target to the scanning start position of the subsequent selected thunderstorm target until the multiple selected thunderstorm targets in the thunderstorm target array are scanned; Step five, obtaining the position and spatial distribution information of the multiple selected thunderstorm targets at t1 time, and enabling the identification and tracking of the set target among the multiple selected thunderstorm targets; The step four comprises: Step 4.1, controlling the beam pointing of the phased array radar to the azimuth and elevation angle start position of the preceding selected thunderstorm target, and sequentially completing the three-dimensional space scanning from the azimuth and elevation angle start position to the azimuth and elevation angle end position according to the azimuth step and the elevation step; Step 4.2, controlling the beam pointing of the phased array radar to directly jump from the azimuth and elevation angle end position of the preceding selected thunderstorm target to the azimuth and elevation angle start position of the subsequent selected thunderstorm target; 2. The phased array radar based stereoscopic area-scan method of threat level based weather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step one is specifically: acquiring position and spatial distribution information S of multiple thunderstorm targets through a thunderstorm identification algorithm n [θ az_center ,β el_center ,R n ,θ az_start ,θ az_end ,β el_bottom ,β el_top ],n∈[1,N],wherein n is the number of thunderstorms, θ az_center is the azimuth angle value of the thunderstorm centroid, β el_center is the pitch angle value of the thunderstorm centroid, R n is the distance of the thunderstorm centroid from the aircraft, θ az_start and θ az_end are the starting angle and ending angle values of the boundaries in the azimuth direction of the thunderstorm, β el_bottom and β el_top are the bottom pitch angle and top pitch angle values of the boundaries in the pitch dimension of the thunderstorm, and N is a constant.

3. The phased array radar based stereoscopic area-scan method of threat level based weather according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step two includes: step 2.1, setting distance threshold R thre And angle threshold θ thre , by eliminating the thunderstorm which satisfies the screening condition R n > R thre Or | θ az_center | > θ thre .

4. The phased array radar based volumetric area-scan method of threat level based on weather of claim 3, wherein, The step two further comprises: step 2.2, obtaining the position and spatial distribution information S of the screened thunderstorm target according to the screening result of step 1.1 m [θ az_center ,β el_center ,R m ,θ az_start ,θ az_end ,β el_bottom ,β el_top ],m∈[1,M],M≤N, wherein M is a constant less than N, R m is the distance of the mth thunderstorm centroid from the aircraft.

5. The phased array radar based stereoscopic area-scan method of threat level based weather according to claim 4, wherein, The step three is specifically as follows: sorting the multiple screened thunderstorm targets by the distance from the thunderstorm centroid as the threat level, and obtaining the sorted thunderstorm target array S' m [θ az_center ,β el_center ,R m ,θ az_start ,θ az_end ,β el_bottom ,β el_top ],m∈[1,M], where R1 <R2<...R M .

6. The phased array radar based stereoscopic area-scan method of threat level based weather according to claim 1, wherein, Step 4.3, repeating the step 4.1 and the step 4.2 until the multiple selected thunderstorm targets in the thunderstorm target array are scanned. According to the results of the step 4.3 and the meteorological three-dimensional data rapid scanning method, the position and spatial distribution information of the multiple selected thunderstorm targets at t1 time are obtained, and the set target is identified and tracked.

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