An automatic measuring device for the outer diameter of an aviation piston engine piston

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic measuring device for the outer diameter of a piston of an aviation piston engine, comprising a supporting mechanism, a measuring mechanism, and an adjusting mechanism; the supporting mechanism comprises a first frame for mounting an electrical component control box and a second frame for mounting the measuring mechanism, the second frame being located above the measuring mechanism and being horizontally opposed and concentrically provided with a micrometer; the measuring mechanism comprises a support, a horizontal motion mechanism and a lifting motion mechanism for driving the support, and also comprises a rotary motion mechanism provided on the support. The main application areas of the present invention are online measurement or rapid maintenance measurement of rotating parts. The measurement method adopted has high measurement accuracy, fast measurement speed, and high degree of automation. Combined with automation, the diameter distribution of multiple positions of the rotating body can be obtained, and the roundness information of the measured part can be obtained based on this data, which can greatly improve the measurement speed, reduce labor costs, and reduce measurement errors caused by human factors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aviation piston engine production and maintenance, in particular to an automatic measuring device for the outer diameter of a piston of an aviation piston engine. Background Art

[0002] Currently, piston engine piston diameter measurement is primarily done manually. This manual measurement utilizes an outside micrometer, measuring four points on the piston head and skirt, along the piston pin (in the direction of flight) and perpendicular to the piston pin (in the direction of flight). This process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the micrometer's graduations are 0.01mm, with thousandths estimated, which can lead to human error and a limited number of measurement points.

[0003] Therefore, we need an automatic measuring device for the outer diameter of the piston of an aviation piston engine to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an automatic measuring device for the outer diameter of the piston of an aviation piston engine. The device adopts a coaxially opposed capacitive micrometer, calibrates the gauge spacing using a reference length standard size, and then uses a rotating part to pass through the two capacitive micrometer measuring heads perpendicularly along the center line of the two micrometers. The reference value and the values measured by the two micrometers are used to quickly measure the diameter size of the rotating part being measured.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic measuring device for the outer diameter of an aviation piston engine piston, comprising a supporting mechanism, a measuring mechanism and an adjusting mechanism;

[0006] The support mechanism includes a first frame for mounting an electrical component control box and a second frame for mounting a measuring mechanism, wherein the second frame is located above the measuring mechanism and is horizontally opposed and concentrically provided with a dial indicator;

[0007] The measuring mechanism includes a support platform, a horizontal motion mechanism and a lifting motion mechanism for driving the support platform, and a rotating motion mechanism arranged on the support platform.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the support platform includes two side panels, a bottom panel arranged between the bottoms of the two side panels, a back panel arranged on the backs of the two side panels, and a movable panel arranged between the tops of the two side panels;

[0009] The lifting mechanism includes a first ball screw module, the two side plates are slidably connected in the vertical direction inside the second frame, and the first ball screw module is fixedly mounted on the second frame and is used to drive the platform to lift;

[0010] The horizontal motion mechanism includes a second ball screw module, the movable plate is slidably connected between the tops of the two side plates, and the second ball screw module is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the base plate and is used to drive the movable plate to move horizontally;

[0011] The rotary motion mechanism includes a turntable, which is arranged at one end of the upper surface of the movable plate along the midline of the length direction, and a stepper motor is arranged at the other end of the upper surface of the movable plate along the midline of the length direction. A rotating shaft passing through the movable plate is arranged at the bottom center of the turntable, and the stepper motor is connected to the rotating shaft in a transmission manner.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first ball screw module includes a mounting seat, a ball screw body arranged on the mounting seat, a driving motor fixedly connected to the input end of the ball screw body, and a movable seat fixedly connected to the output end of the ball screw body, the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the second frame, the movable seat is fixedly connected to the back plate, and the second ball screw module has the same structure as the first ball screw module.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the output end of the stepper motor passes through the movable plate, and the output end of the stepper motor and the rotating shaft are connected together through a synchronous wheel set, and the synchronous wheel set includes a large synchronous wheel set on the rotating shaft, a small synchronous wheel set on the output end of the stepper motor, and a synchronous belt set on the large synchronous wheel and the small synchronous wheel.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, first sliding sleeves are provided at the four corners on both sides of the two side panels, first sliding rods are passed through the inside of each of the first sliding sleeves, and the ends of the first sliding rods are fixedly connected to the second frame.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a U-shaped plate is arranged between the second ball screw module and the movable plate, second sliding sleeves are arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the movable plate, and second sliding rods are passed through the inside of each of the second sliding sleeves, and the ends of the second sliding rods are fixedly connected to the two corners of the top of the side plate respectively.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a measuring door is provided on the top of the second frame, and two jackets are provided on the measuring door, and the two micrometers are fixedly provided inside the jackets respectively;

[0017] The adjustment mechanism includes a calibration standard rod for ensuring the coaxial installation of the two sleeves.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a piston to be tested is provided on the top of the turntable, thrust bearings are provided on both sides of the rotating shaft located on the movable plate, a shaft sleeve is provided inside the movable plate, an external thread is provided at the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and a matching fixing nut is installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention adopts a coaxially opposed capacitive micrometer, uses a reference length standard size to calibrate the gauge spacing, and then uses a rotating part to pass through the two capacitive micrometer measuring heads perpendicularly along the center line of the two micrometers, and uses the reference value and the values measured by the two micrometers to quickly measure the diameter size of the measured rotating body. The main application field of the present invention is the online measurement or maintenance rapid measurement of rotating body parts. The adopted measurement method has high measurement accuracy, fast measurement speed, and high degree of automation. Combined with automation, the diameter distribution of multiple positions of the rotating body can be obtained, and the roundness information of the measured part can be obtained based on this data, which can greatly improve the measurement speed, reduce labor costs, and reduce measurement errors caused by human factors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the front side of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the back side of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the measuring mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the measuring mechanism of the present invention without the first ball screw module installed;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first ball screw module of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotary motion mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the process of adjusting and assembling the standard rod according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure at A;

[0030] Figure 10For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure at B;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the detection process of the piston to be tested according to the present invention.

[0032] in:

[0033] 1. First frame;

[0034] 2. Second frame; 21. Measuring door; 22. Jacket;

[0035] 3. Micrometer;

[0036] 4. Side plate; 41. First sliding sleeve; 42. First sliding rod;

[0037] 5. Bottom plate;

[0038] 6. Back panel;

[0039] 7. Moving plate; 71. Second sliding sleeve; 72. Second sliding rod;

[0040] 8. First ball screw module; 81. Mounting seat; 82. Ball screw body; 83. Drive motor; 84. Moving seat;

[0041] 9. Second ball screw module;

[0042] 10. Turntable;

[0043] 11. Stepper motor;

[0044] 12. Rotating shaft;

[0045] 13. Synchronous wheel set; 131. Synchronous wheel large wheel; 132. Synchronous wheel small wheel;

[0046] 14. U-shaped plate;

[0047] 15. Calibrate and install the standard pole;

[0048] 16. Piston to be tested. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purpose and efficacy of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the following examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, not all. Based on the examples in the embodiments, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial channels.

[0050] Example:

[0051] like Figure 1-11 As shown, an automatic measuring device for the outer diameter of a piston of an aviation piston engine includes a supporting mechanism, a measuring mechanism, and an adjusting mechanism;

[0052] The supporting mechanism includes a first frame 1 for installing an electrical component control box and a second frame 2 for installing a measuring mechanism. The second frame 2 is located above the measuring mechanism and is horizontally opposite and concentrically provided with a micrometer 3; here, the electrical component control box is electrically connected to the first ball screw module 8, the second ball screw module 9 and the stepper motor 11 respectively, and the height, position and angle of the piston 16 to be measured can be controlled through the electrical component control box.

[0053] The measuring mechanism includes a supporting platform, a horizontal motion mechanism and a lifting motion mechanism for driving the supporting platform, and a rotating motion mechanism arranged on the supporting platform.

[0054] In other embodiments, the platform includes two side panels 4, a bottom panel 5 disposed between the bottoms of the two side panels 4, a back panel 6 disposed on the backs of the two side panels 4, and a movable panel 7 disposed between the tops of the two side panels 4;

[0055] The lifting motion mechanism includes a first ball screw module 8, and the two side plates 4 are slidably connected in the vertical direction inside the second frame 2. The first ball screw module 8 is fixedly mounted on the second frame 2 and is used to drive the support to lift and lower; the first ball screw module 8 drives the support to move in the vertical direction, thereby adjusting the height of the piston 16 to be tested placed on the movable plate 7 to correspond to the position of the micrometer 3.

[0056] The horizontal motion mechanism includes a second ball screw module 9, and the movable plate 7 is slidably connected between the tops of the two side plates 4. The second ball screw module 9 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the base plate 5 and is used to drive the movable plate 7 to move horizontally; the second ball screw module 9 drives the movable plate 7 to move in the horizontal direction, thereby driving the piston 16 to be measured to move close to the measuring gate 21, so that it passes between the two micrometers 3, and then measures the piston diameter.

[0057] The rotary motion mechanism includes a turntable 10, which is arranged at one end of the upper surface of the movable plate 7 along the midline of the length direction. A stepper motor 11 is provided at the other end of the upper surface of the movable plate 7 along the midline of the length direction. A rotating shaft 12 passing through the movable plate 7 is provided at the bottom center of the turntable 10, and the stepper motor 11 is connected to the rotating shaft 12 for transmission; the stepper motor 11 can drive the rotating shaft 12 and the turntable 10 to rotate, thereby driving the piston 16 to be tested located on the turntable 10 to rotate.

[0058] In other embodiments, the first ball screw module 8 includes a mounting seat 81, a ball screw body 82 arranged on the mounting seat 81, a driving motor 83 fixedly connected to the input end of the ball screw body 82, and a movable seat 84 fixedly connected to the output end of the ball screw body 82. The mounting seat 81 is fixedly connected to the second frame 2, and the movable seat 84 is fixedly connected to the back plate 6. The second ball screw module 9 has the same structure as the first ball screw module 8; the driving motor 83 drives the movable seat 84 at the nut output end of the ball screw body 82 to move through the screw input end of the ball screw body 82, and drives the side plate 4 and the bottom plate 5 to adjust the height with the cooperation of the first slide rod 42 and the first sleeve 41, thereby adjusting the cross-sections of the piston 16 to be measured at different heights to correspond to the measuring end of the micrometer 3.

[0059] according to Figure 1 、 3 The lifting mechanism in Figure 6 functions to switch between different measuring sections of the piston. During measurement, the measuring device needs to measure the outer diameters of both the piston's head and skirt sections. This requires adjustment of the piston's position relative to the measuring gate 21 in the z-axis direction. Since the measuring gate 21 is a fixed structure, the piston must be raised and lowered to switch the measured section. To ensure levelness and stability, this motion adjustment achieves the change of the piston's measuring section by raising and lowering the entire measuring platform.

[0060] In other embodiments, the output end of the stepper motor 11 passes through the movable plate 7, and the output end of the stepper motor 11 and the rotating shaft 12 are connected together through a synchronous wheel set 13, and the synchronous wheel set 13 includes a large synchronous wheel 131 mounted on the rotating shaft 12, a small synchronous wheel 132 mounted on the output end of the stepper motor 11, and a synchronous belt mounted on the large synchronous wheel 131 and the small synchronous wheel 132; the output end of the stepper motor 11 drives the small synchronous wheel 132 to drive the large synchronous wheel 131 to rotate with the cooperation of an adapted model synchronous belt (not shown in the figure), thereby driving the rotating shaft 12 and the turntable 10 to rotate, and then adjusting the angle of the piston 16 to be tested.

[0061] according to Figure 1 、 4 , 5, 7 and 10, its function is to realize the conversion of different measuring points of the same measuring section of the piston. During the measurement process, it is necessary to measure the outer diameter of the piston at different positions in the same section, which requires the adjustment of the measured position of the piston. The piston rotating motion mechanism needs to realize the rotation of the piston along the center line of the movable plate 7 of the support at an angle of 15° each time according to the measurement requirements when the piston is fixed. It needs to be adjusted 12 times in the same measuring plane to ensure full coverage of the measuring points on the same section of the piston based on the first measuring direction.

[0062] In other embodiments, first sliding sleeves 41 are provided at the four corners on both sides of the two side panels 4, first sliding rods 42 are passed through the interior of each first sliding sleeve 41, and the ends of the first sliding rods 42 are fixedly connected to the second frame 2; the first sliding sleeves 41 are moved along the first sliding rods 42, and the height of the support platform can be adjusted under the drive of the first ball screw module 8.

[0063] In other embodiments, a U-shaped plate 14 is provided between the second ball screw module 9 and the movable plate 7, and second sleeves 71 are provided at the four corners at the bottom of the movable plate 7, and second slide rods 72 are passed through the inside of each second sleeve 71, and the ends of the second slide rods 72 are respectively fixedly connected to the two corners at the top of the side plate 4; since the second ball screw module 9 adopts the same structure as the first ball screw 9, with the cooperation of the second sleeve 71 and the second slide rod 72, the second ball screw module 9 can drive the movable plate 7 to move in the horizontal direction through the U-shaped plate 14, so that the piston 16 to be measured moves toward the measuring gate 21 and the micrometer 3.

[0064] according to Figure 1 、 4 , 5, 7 and 10 are linear motion mechanisms for measuring the outer diameter of the piston. In the structure, the movable plate 7 for supporting the piston is connected by the second sleeve 71 and the second slide rod 72, and the linear motion of the measurement process is realized under the drive of the second ball screw module 9.

[0065] In other embodiments, a measuring door 21 is provided on the top of the second frame 2, two jackets 22 are provided on the measuring door 21, and two micrometers 3 are fixedly provided inside the jackets 22 respectively;

[0066] The adjustment mechanism includes a calibration standard rod 15 for ensuring that the two jackets 22 are coaxially installed;

[0067] according to Figure 8 Before installing the micrometer 3, insert the calibration standard rod 15 into the jacket 22, keep the calibration standard rod 15 inserted into the jacket 22, and fix the jacket 22 on the measuring door 21. After the fixation is completed, pull out the calibration standard rod 15 and install the micrometer 3 in the jacket 22, so as to achieve the horizontal concentric symmetrical setting of the two micrometers 3.

[0068] In other embodiments, a piston 16 to be tested is provided on the top of the turntable 10, thrust bearings are provided on both sides of the rotating shaft 12 located on the movable plate 7, the rotating shaft 12 is provided with a shaft sleeve inside the movable plate 7, an external thread is provided at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 12, and an adaptive fixing nut is installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 12; the setting of the direct thrust bearing and the shaft sleeve can avoid friction between the turntable 10 and the synchronous wheel 131 and the movable plate 7 during the rotation process, thereby reducing wear.

[0069] The operation process of the piston outer diameter measuring mechanism is as follows:

[0070] (1) Preparation stage:

[0071] Equipment leveling;

[0072] The device is powered on;

[0073] Connect the PLC and digital dial gauge 3 host computer software inside the electrical component control box;

[0074] Use the calibration standard rod 15 to install and adjust the two digital dial indicators 3;

[0075] Operate the "Find Reference Point" button on the control panel of the automatic component control box to clamp the piston.

[0076] (2) Calibration phase:

[0077] Press the "Zero Adjustment of Micrometer 3" button to complete the reference calibration using the reference length standard block;

[0078] Press the "Find Reference Point" button on the control panel to return to the reference point;

[0079] Press the "Single Point Measurement" button on the control panel to automatically measure the same point 20 times and analyze the data error.

[0080] (3) Measurement phase:

[0081] Operate the "multi-point measurement" button to automatically measure the piston head and skirt every 15° and analyze the data error;

[0082] The device loses power;

[0083] Export measurement data.

[0084] The outer diameter of the piston is measured according to the operating procedures. The control part will follow the pre-designed motion program. The motor drives the piston to pass through the two digital micrometers 3 of the measuring gate 21 according to the established rules. The host computer software automatically reads the measurement data of the digital micrometer 3 and saves it for display on the host computer interface.

[0085] like Figure 11 As shown, the piston 16 to be measured passes through the measuring gate 21 in a direction perpendicular to the line connecting the two dial gauges 3. The compression amounts of the two dial gauges 3 in the process are continuously recorded according to the sampling moments of the dial gauges 3. The maximum values max(S1) and max(S2) of the compression amounts passing through the two dial gauges are collected and measured respectively, and then the reference length L is added. After the measurement is completed, L+max(S1)+max(S2) is the outer diameter measurement result at this position, that is, the piston diameter D=L+max(S1)+max(S2).

[0086] In summary: the present invention adopts a coaxially opposed capacitive micrometer, uses a reference length standard size to calibrate the gauge spacing, and then uses a rotating part to pass through two capacitive micrometer measuring heads vertically along the center line of the two micrometers, and uses the reference value and the values measured by the two micrometers to quickly measure the diameter size of the measured rotating body. The main application field of the present invention is the online measurement or maintenance rapid measurement of rotating body parts. The measurement method adopted has high measurement accuracy, fast measurement speed, and high degree of automation. Combined with automation, the diameter distribution of multiple positions of the rotating body can be obtained, and the roundness information of the measured part can be obtained based on this data, which can greatly improve the measurement speed, reduce labor costs, and reduce measurement errors caused by human factors.

[0087] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0088] It is necessary to explain that the electrical components of the technical solution of this application, such as the power element, the first motor and the second motor, are all connected to the external controller. The external controller is the existing technology and the technical solution of this application has not improved it. Therefore, there is no need to disclose the specific model, circuit structure, etc. of the external controller, which does not affect the integrity of the technical solution of this application.

[0089] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic measuring device for the outer diameter of an aviation piston engine piston, characterized by: Including supporting mechanism, measuring mechanism and adjusting mechanism; The support mechanism comprises a first frame (1) for mounting an electrical component control box and a second frame (2) for mounting a measuring mechanism, wherein the second frame (2) is located above the measuring mechanism and is horizontally opposed and concentrically provided with a dial gauge (3); The measuring mechanism includes a support platform, a horizontal motion mechanism and a lifting motion mechanism for driving the support platform, and a rotation motion mechanism provided on the support platform; The support platform comprises two side panels (4), a bottom panel (5) arranged between the bottoms of the two side panels (4), a back panel (6) arranged on the backs of the two side panels (4), and a movable panel (7) arranged between the tops of the two side panels (4); The lifting mechanism comprises a first ball screw module (8), the two side plates (4) are slidably connected in a vertical direction inside the second frame (2), and the first ball screw module (8) is fixedly mounted on the second frame (2) and is used to drive the support platform to lift; The horizontal motion mechanism includes a second ball screw module (9), the movable plate (7) is slidably connected between the tops of the two side plates (4), and the second ball screw module (9) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the base plate (5) and is used to drive the movable plate (7) to move horizontally; The rotary motion mechanism comprises a turntable (10), the turntable (10) being arranged at one end of the upper surface of the movable plate (7) along the longitudinal midline, a stepping motor (11) being arranged at the other end of the upper surface of the movable plate (7) along the longitudinal midline, a rotating shaft (12) penetrating the movable plate (7) being arranged at the bottom center of the turntable (10), and the stepping motor (11) being in transmission connection with the rotating shaft (12); The first ball screw module (8) comprises a mounting seat (81), a ball screw body (82) arranged on the mounting seat (81), a driving motor (83) fixedly connected to the input end of the ball screw body (82), and a movable seat (84) fixedly connected to the output end of the ball screw body (82); the mounting seat (81) is fixedly connected to the second frame (2); the movable seat (84) is fixedly connected to the back plate (6); and the second ball screw module (9) has the same structure as the first ball screw module (8); The output end of the stepping motor (11) passes through the movable plate (7), and the output end of the stepping motor (11) and the rotating shaft (12) are connected to each other through a synchronous wheel set (13), and the synchronous wheel set (13) includes a synchronous wheel large wheel (131) sleeved on the rotating shaft (12), a synchronous wheel small wheel (132) sleeved on the output end of the stepping motor (11), and a synchronous belt sleeved on the synchronous wheel large wheel (131) and the synchronous wheel small wheel (132).

2. The automatic measuring device for the outer diameter of an aviation piston engine piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: First sliding sleeves (41) are provided at four corners on both sides of the two side panels (4), first sliding rods (42) are passed through the interiors of the first sliding sleeves (41), and the ends of the first sliding rods (42) are fixedly connected to the second frame (2).

3. The automatic measuring device for the outer diameter of an aviation piston engine piston according to claim 2, characterized in that: A U-shaped plate (14) is provided between the second ball screw module (9) and the movable plate (7), and second sliding sleeves (71) are provided at the four corners at the bottom of the movable plate (7), and second sliding rods (72) are passed through the interior of each of the second sliding sleeves (71), and the ends of the second sliding rods (72) are fixedly connected to the two corners at the top of the side plate (4).

4. The automatic measuring device for the outer diameter of an aviation piston engine piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: A measuring door (21) is provided on the top of the second frame (2), two jackets (22) are provided on the measuring door (21), and the two micrometers (3) are fixedly arranged inside the jackets (22) respectively; The adjustment mechanism comprises a calibration standard rod (15) for ensuring that the two jackets (22) are coaxially installed.

5. The automatic measuring device for the outer diameter of an aviation piston engine piston according to claim 2, characterized in that: A piston to be tested (16) is provided on the top of the turntable (10), thrust bearings are sleeved on both sides of the rotating shaft (12) located on the movable plate (7), a shaft sleeve is sleeved inside the movable plate (7), an external thread is provided at the bottom end of the rotating shaft (12), and a matching fixing nut is installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft (12).

Images