A laser measurement device and a laser measurement method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a laser measurement device and method, comprising a base, a movable slide, a probe mounting base, a movable slide horizontal drive mechanism, and a laser measuring instrument. The movable slide and the movable slide horizontal drive mechanism are mounted on the base. The movable slide horizontal drive mechanism is connected to the movable slide and can drive the movable slide to move horizontally on the base. The probe mounting base is mounted on one end of the movable slide, and the laser measuring instrument is mounted on the probe mounting base. Using the laser measuring instrument to measure the radius of a workpiece can improve measurement accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of turbine processing, and in particular to a laser measuring device and a laser measuring method. Background Art

[0002] Existing laser measurement devices generally use off-machine measurement and on-machine infrared parallel light. Off-machine measurement cannot detect the radius of the workpiece in real time, and cannot achieve simultaneous measurement and processing. Moreover, the turbine rotor is hoisted onto an off-machine platform, and the accuracy of the off-machine platform cannot be guaranteed to be consistent with that of the on-machine platform. Moreover, the turbine rotor is repeatedly hoisted inside and outside the machine, which also causes a loss in the accuracy of the rotor itself and increases the wear on the platforms inside and outside the machine, thereby failing to guarantee processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a laser measuring device to solve the technical problem that the accuracy of an external platform of a machine cannot be guaranteed to be consistent with that of an internal platform of the machine.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] A laser measuring device, characterized in that it comprises a base, a movable slide, a probe mounting seat, a movable slide horizontal driving mechanism and a laser measuring instrument;

[0006] The base is provided with the movable slide and the movable slide horizontal driving mechanism, the movable slide horizontal driving mechanism is connected to the movable slide and can drive the movable slide to move horizontally on the base, one end of the movable slide is installed with the probe mounting seat, and the laser measuring instrument is installed on the probe mounting seat.

[0007] Furthermore, the horizontal driving mechanism of the movable slide includes a motor, a lead screw, a nut, a rail, a slat and a rolling shoe;

[0008] The motor is fixed on the base, the nut is arranged on the movable slide, the lead screw is arranged on the base and one end is connected to the motor, the lead screw is connected to the nut, the rail is connected to the probe mounting seat, and the inlay strip and the rolling shoe are arranged on the bottom bearing surface of the base.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a mechanical protection switch, which is arranged on a movable slide. When the difference between the center distance between the mechanical protection switch and the workpiece processing axis and the outer diameter value of the workpiece is less than a first set value, the mechanical protection switch contacts the anti-collision beam installed on the workbench.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes an electronic protection switch, which is arranged on the probe mounting base and located in the middle position of the optical path of the laser measuring instrument. The electronic protection switch contacts the workpiece when the difference between the center distance between the electronic protection switch and the workpiece processing axis and the outer diameter value of the workpiece is less than a second set value.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature sensor, which is arranged on the probe mounting base.

[0012] A laser measurement method using the laser measurement device of the present invention is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Mount the workpiece on the workpiece spindle. The workpiece spindle and grinding wheel machining system are controlled by the CNC system. The CNC system also controls the horizontal drive device of the movable slide to drive the laser measuring instrument to feed in the direction toward the workpiece, and the laser measuring instrument is brought into contact with the workpiece by blocking the laser.

[0014] Step 2: The CNC system obtains the current Y-axis position coordinates of the workpiece spindle and the laser measuring instrument in real time, and calculates the current radius value of the workpiece based on the Y-axis position coordinates;

[0015] Step 3: The CNC system controls the grinding wheel machining system to process the workpiece according to the calculated current radius value of the workpiece, and determines whether the current workpiece radius value meets the machining requirements. If so, the CNC system controls the grinding wheel machining system and the laser measuring instrument to stop machining and detecting the workpiece, and controls the grinding wheel machining system and the laser measuring instrument to reset and complete the workpiece machining. If not, the workpiece continues to be machined and detected until the machining requirements are met.

[0016] Furthermore, the CNC system also includes real-time detection of whether the anti-collision beam is in contact with the mechanical protection switch. If so, the CNC system controls the grinding wheel processing system to stop processing, controls the horizontal drive device of the movable slide to stop feeding, and controls the laser measuring instrument to stop working. If not, processing continues.

[0017] Furthermore, the numerical control system also includes real-time detection of whether the workpiece is in contact with the electronic protection switch. If so, the numerical control system controls the grinding wheel processing system to stop processing; if not, the processing continues.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature sensor that collects the temperature of the processing area in real time and determines whether the temperature is greater than the set temperature. If so, the CNC system controls the grinding wheel processing system to stop processing, controls the horizontal drive device of the movable slide to stop feeding, and controls the laser measuring instrument to stop working. If not, continue processing.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a laser measuring device that uses a laser rangefinder to measure distance. The laser infrared intensity of the laser rangefinder is high and the stability is good, and the accuracy of the parallel light is not as good as the focused laser infrared of the present invention. Through the adjustment of the mechanism, the closer the position is to the focal point, the less affected by the change of the optical fiber, and thus the accuracy is higher. By adding a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature of the processing area, the influence of temperature on the processing is reduced, and the processing accuracy is guaranteed; when the laser measuring instrument does not accurately collect data, the mechanical protection switch collides with the anti-collision beam, triggering the switch, and the laser measuring instrument stops moving, which is used to protect the laser measuring instrument and the workpiece. When the laser measuring instrument does not accurately collect data, the electronic protection switch collides with the rotor, triggering the switch, and the measuring instrument stops moving, which also protects the laser measuring instrument and the workpiece. In summary, a double protection method is adopted to protect the laser measuring instrument and the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of the laser measuring device disclosed in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a rear view of the laser measuring device disclosed in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a rolling shoe and a slat of a laser measuring device disclosed in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical electric shock switch of the laser measuring device disclosed in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a mechanical protection switch for a laser measuring device disclosed in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the alarm location.

[0027] 1. Base; 2. Moving slide; 3. Probe mounting base; 4. Laser measuring instrument; 5. Motor; 6. Lead screw; 7. Rail; 8. Inlay; 9. Rolling shoe; 10. Bottom bearing surface of base; 11. Mechanical protection switch; 12. Electronic protection switch; 13. Organ; 14. Temperature sensor; 15. Anti-collision beam; 16. Workpiece; 17. Laser beam; 18. Mechanical contact switch; 19. Nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] This embodiment provides a laser measuring device, such as Figure 1-5 , including a base 1, a movable slide 2, a probe mounting base 3, a movable slide horizontal driving mechanism and a laser measuring instrument 4;

[0030] The base 1 is provided with the movable slide 2 and the movable slide horizontal driving mechanism. The movable slide horizontal driving mechanism is connected to the movable slide 2 and can drive the movable slide 2 to move horizontally on the base 1. The probe mounting seat 3 is installed at one end of the movable slide 2, and the laser measuring instrument 4 is installed on the probe mounting seat 3.

[0031] This laser measurement system uses the method of cutting edge to block the laser area for detection, which is used for real-time measurement of the workpiece radius.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the horizontal driving mechanism of the movable slide includes a motor 5, a lead screw 6, a screw nut 19, a rail 7, a slat 8 and a rolling shoe 9;

[0033] The motor 5 is fixed on the base 1, the nut 19 is arranged on the movable slide 2, the lead screw 6 is arranged on the base 1 and one end is connected to the motor 5, the lead screw 6 is connected to the nut 19, the rail 7 is connected to the probe mounting seat 3, and the inlay 8 and the rolling shoe 9 are arranged on the bearing surface 10 at the bottom of the base. Specifically, the laser measuring instrument 4 is driven to translate back and forth by the motor 5, the belt and the lead screw 6 with a pulley. Since the bearing surface is at the bottom, rolling shoes 9 and wedge-shaped inlays 8 are arranged on all opposite sides. There are no bearing surfaces at the left and right ends, so rolling shoes 9 are arranged on both sides. Considering that one side is the reference and the other side is adjusted, there is no inlay 8 on the reference side, and an inlay 8 is arranged on the other side. The limit block of the lead screw 6 is set on the lead screw 6. When the nut 19 exceeds the stroke, it hits the limit block. The structure is simple and maintenance is convenient when replacing the nut.

[0034] In order to ensure the accuracy and stability of the laser rangefinder 4, the steel rail 7 is fixedly connected to the movable slide 2, and rolling shoes 9 and wedge-shaped strips 8 are arranged at both ends of the steel rail 7. After the movable slide 2 slides out, there will be a slight deformation due to the action of gravity, resulting in inaccurate measurement of the laser rangefinder 4. The addition of the steel rail ensures that the movable slide 2 where the laser rangefinder 4 is located has better rigidity and reduces the deformation of the movable slide 2 caused by gravity, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, a mechanical protection switch 11 is also included. The mechanical protection switch 11 is set on the movable slide 2. When the difference between the center distance of the mechanical protection switch 11 and the workpiece processing axis and the outer diameter value of the workpiece 16 is less than a first set value, the mechanical protection switch 11 contacts the anti-collision beam 15 installed on the workbench. When the laser measuring instrument 4 does not accurately collect data, the mechanical protection switch 11 collides with the anti-collision beam 15, triggering the switch. The system receives the signal and the laser measuring instrument 4 stops moving to protect the laser measuring instrument 4 and the workpiece 16. The shape of the anti-collision beam 15 is designed according to the rotor radius. The distance of the anti-collision beam 15 relative to the rotor center is a fixed value larger than the rotor radius. The anti-collision beam 15 contacts and triggers the mechanical contact switch 18. The system receives the light-on signal to ensure that the anti-collision beam 15 has been correctly installed. Only when the anti-collision beam 15 is correctly installed will the system allow processing operations.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, an electronic protection switch 12 is also included. The electronic protection switch 12 is mounted on the probe mount 3 and positioned midway along the optical path of the laser measuring instrument 4. The electronic protection switch 12 contacts the workpiece 16 when the difference between the center distance of the workpiece machining axis and the outer diameter of the workpiece 16 is less than a second set value. If the laser measuring instrument 4 fails to accurately capture data, the electronic protection switch 12 collides with the rotor, triggering the switch. The system receives a signal, causing the laser measuring instrument 4 to stop, protecting both the laser measuring instrument 4 and the workpiece 16. This dual protection approach safeguards both the laser measuring instrument 4 and the workpiece 16.

[0037] Specifically, the second set value is greater than the first set value. For example, first, it is determined whether the mechanical protection switch is in contact with the anti-collision beam. If the center distance between the mechanical protection switch and the workpiece processing axis is less than the first set value of 3mm, the anti-collision beam mounted on the workbench is in contact. If not, the workpiece continues to move and a determination is made as to whether the electronic protection switch is in contact with the workpiece. If the center distance between the electronic protection switch and the workpiece processing axis is less than the second set value of 5mm, the anti-collision beam is in contact with the workpiece.

[0038] This application incorporates a dual protection mechanism: an anti-collision beam is a specialized fixture designed for each workpiece and each processing position. When the laser beam contacts and triggers the workpiece, the electronic protection switch is triggered 5mm from the workpiece's outer diameter, and the mechanical protection switch is triggered 1mm from the anti-collision beam. The maximum trigger travel of the mechanical protection switch is 3mm. The mechanical protection switch is triggered 4mm from the workpiece's outer diameter. The anti-collision beam first triggers the mechanical protection switch. If the system does not receive a signal, the laser measurement system advances 1mm before triggering the electronic protection switch, achieving dual protection.

[0039] In this embodiment, a temperature sensor 14 is also included, mounted on the probe mounting base 3. This temperature sensor 14 monitors the temperature of the processing area in real time, minimizing the impact of temperature on machining and ensuring machining accuracy. When the temperature in the processing area exceeds a set value, the temperature sensor 14 provides a feedback signal to the system, causing the system to halt machining because the temperature deviation could affect workpiece machining accuracy.

[0040] Also included is protection of the interior from dust intrusion via accordions and internal scraper plates.

[0041] A laser measurement method using the laser measurement device is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Mount the workpiece on the workpiece spindle. The workpiece spindle and grinding wheel machining system are controlled by the CNC system. The CNC system also controls the horizontal drive device of the movable slide to drive the laser measuring instrument to feed in the direction toward the workpiece, and the laser measuring instrument is brought into contact with the workpiece by blocking the laser.

[0043] Step 2: The CNC system obtains the current Y-axis position coordinates of the workpiece spindle and the laser measuring instrument in real time, and calculates the current radius value of the workpiece based on the Y-axis position coordinates;

[0044] Specifically, since there are 100 to 200 blades on the rotor circumference, the laser measurement system needs to detect the radius of all blades and determine the longest and shortest blades based on their relative position on the rotor circumference. A separate incremental encoder is installed on the workpiece spindle to collect the relative positions of the blades on the rotor circumference. Through system interaction, each blade can accurately correspond to its own measurement value.

[0045] The laser measurement system is connected to a high-speed data acquisition card installed in an industrial computer, which is then connected to the CNC system. The card collects data at high speed, performs calculations within the computer, and then interacts with the CNC system in real time or with a delay. The CNC system drives the grinding wheel and grinds the rotor based on the laser measurement values.

[0046] The laser measurement system first detects the radius values of all positions of the entire rotor and automatically adds the machining allowance to the system. The system adjusts the corresponding system parameters based on the machining allowance, such as the position of the grinding wheel feed.

[0047] During the detection process, the laser measurement system slowly moves toward the rotor, and the grinding wheel also slowly feeds and grinds, ultimately achieving simultaneous detection and processing. When it is detected that the rotor size reaches the target value, the grinding wheel stops feeding.

[0048] When the laser measurement system has an unexpected error or there is a problem with the process parameters, the laser measurement system has moved beyond the theoretical position and still no data is detected, the system drives the laser measurement system to stop feeding and personnel enter to check the situation.

[0049] Step 3: The CNC system controls the grinding wheel machining system to process the workpiece according to the calculated current radius value of the workpiece, and determines whether the current workpiece radius value meets the machining requirements. If so, the CNC system controls the grinding wheel machining system and the laser measuring instrument to stop machining and detecting the workpiece, and controls the grinding wheel machining system and the laser measuring instrument to reset and complete the workpiece machining. If not, the workpiece continues to be machined and detected until the machining requirements are met.

[0050] Furthermore, the CNC system also includes real-time detection of whether the anti-collision beam is in contact with the mechanical protection switch. If so, the CNC system controls the grinding wheel processing system to stop processing, controls the horizontal drive device of the movable slide to stop feeding, and controls the laser measuring instrument to stop working. If not, processing continues.

[0051] Furthermore, the numerical control system also includes real-time detection of whether the workpiece is in contact with the electronic protection switch. If so, the numerical control system controls the grinding wheel processing system to stop processing; if not, the processing continues.

[0052] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature sensor that collects the temperature of the processing area in real time and determines whether the temperature is greater than the set temperature. If so, the CNC system controls the grinding wheel processing system to stop processing, controls the horizontal drive device of the movable slide to stop feeding, and controls the laser measuring instrument to stop working. If not, continue processing.

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, A is the position of the laser line during normal operation, B is the position of the laser line when the mechanical protection switch contacts the anti-collision beam and alarms, and C is the position of the laser line when the electronic protection switch contacts the workpiece and alarms. The distance between AB is the first set value, and the distance between AC is the second set value. This shows that adding a mechanical protection switch and an electronic protection switch can further determine the position of the laser line, achieving dual protection, thereby protecting the workpiece from damage.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser measurement method, which is implemented using a laser measurement device, characterized in that: The laser measuring device comprises: a base (1), a movable slide (2), a probe mounting base (3), a movable slide horizontal drive mechanism, a laser measuring instrument (4), a mechanical protection switch (11), and an electronic protection switch (12); The base (1) is provided with the movable slide (2) and a movable slide horizontal driving mechanism, the movable slide horizontal driving mechanism is connected to the movable slide (2) and can drive the movable slide (2) to move horizontally on the base (1), one end of the movable slide (2) is mounted with the probe mounting seat (3), and the laser measuring instrument (4) is mounted on the probe mounting seat (3); The mechanical protection switch (11) is arranged on the movable slide (2), and contacts the anti-collision beam (15) installed on the workbench when the difference between the center distance between the mechanical protection switch (11) and the workpiece processing axis and the outer diameter value of the workpiece (16) is less than a first set value; The electronic protection switch (12) is arranged on the probe mounting seat (3) and is located in the middle position of the optical path of the laser measuring instrument (4), and the electronic protection switch (12) contacts the workpiece (16) when the difference between the center distance of the workpiece processing axis and the outer diameter value of the workpiece (16) is less than a second set value; The laser measurement method specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Mount the workpiece on the workpiece spindle. The workpiece spindle and grinding wheel machining system are controlled by the CNC system. The CNC system also controls the horizontal drive device of the movable slide to drive the laser measuring instrument to feed in the direction toward the workpiece, and the laser measuring instrument is brought into contact with the workpiece by blocking the laser. Step 2: The CNC system obtains the current Y-axis position coordinates of the workpiece spindle and the laser measuring instrument in real time, and calculates the current radius value of the workpiece based on the Y-axis position coordinates; The specific process is as follows: the workpiece spindle is equipped with a separate incremental encoder to collect the relative position of the blades on the rotor circumference. The laser measuring device is used to detect the radius of all blades and the relative position of each blade on the rotor circumference to find the longest and shortest blades. The machining allowance is added to the system, and the system adjusts the corresponding system parameters based on the machining allowance. Step 3: The numerical control system controls the grinding wheel machining system to machine the workpiece according to the calculated current radius value of the workpiece, and determines whether the current workpiece radius value meets the machining requirements. If so, the numerical control system controls the grinding wheel machining system and the laser measuring instrument to stop machining and testing the workpiece, and controls the grinding wheel machining system and the laser measuring instrument to reset and complete the workpiece machining. If not, the workpiece continues to be machined and tested until the machining requirements are met. The CNC system detects in real time whether the anti-collision beam is in contact with the mechanical protection switch. If so, the CNC system controls the grinding wheel processing system to stop processing, controls the horizontal drive device of the movable slide to stop feeding, and controls the laser measuring instrument to stop working. If not, the processing continues; The CNC system detects in real time whether the workpiece is in contact with the electronic protection switch. If so, the CNC system controls the grinding wheel machining system to stop machining; if not, it continues machining.

2. A laser measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a temperature sensor (14), which is arranged on the probe mounting seat (3). The temperature sensor collects the temperature of the processing area in real time and determines whether the temperature is greater than the set temperature. If so, the numerical control system controls the grinding wheel processing system to stop processing, controls the movable slide horizontal drive device to stop feeding, and controls the laser measuring instrument to stop working. If not, the processing continues.

3. A laser measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable slide horizontal driving mechanism comprises a motor (5), a lead screw (6), a nut (19), a rail (7), a slat (8) and a rolling shoe (9); The motor (5) is fixed on the base (1), the nut (19) is arranged on the movable slide (2), the lead screw (6) is arranged on the base (1) and one end is connected to the motor (5), the lead screw (6) is connected to the nut (19), the rail (7) is connected to the probe mounting seat (3), and the insert (8) and the rolling shoe (9) are arranged on the bottom bearing surface (10) of the base.

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