A potato missed-seeding detector and calibrator

Abstract

The present invention discloses a potato missing-seed calibrator, which is characterized in that: it includes two laser detectors, a calibrator and an electromagnetic chuck; the two laser detectors are arranged on the upper parts of the left and right side plates of the elevator chain of the potato planter, and can detect whether there are potato seeds on the seed-taking spoon; the calibrator includes a single-chip microcomputer connected to the laser detector through a wire, a stepper motor driver and a stepper motor connected to the single-chip microcomputer, as well as a material box and a calibration chamber. The single-chip microcomputer can judge whether there is missing-seeding through the information detected by the laser detector. If there is missing-seeding, it controls the stepper motor driver to make the stepper motor rotate. The rotation of the stepper motor will take out the calibration material from the calibration chamber and sprinkle it on the ground to complete the calibration; the electromagnetic chuck can adsorb the calibrator under the two side plates of the elevator chain of the potato planter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a potato missed seeding detector and calibrator, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, potatoes have become the fourth largest crop in China. China has the largest potato planting area and the highest potato annual output in the world. However, when using a spoon chain potato planter for seeding operations, there will still be a certain amount of missed seeding, which affects the potato yield. When missed seeding occurs, it is difficult to detect and difficult to replant after missed seeding. If replanting is carried out after emergence, it will consume a large amount of manpower and material resources, and the replanting efficiency is low, seriously affecting the potato yield and the development of potato mechanized operations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention designs a potato missed seeding calibrator, which can detect missed seeding and sprinkle a calibration object at the missed seeding position during missed seeding, so as to facilitate subsequent replanting, and can reduce costs while increasing the yield.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the technical problems:

[0005] The structural characteristics of the potato missed seeding calibrator of the present invention are as follows: It includes two laser detectors (1), a calibrator and an electromagnetic chuck (9); the two laser detectors (1) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper parts of the left and right side plates of the original machine elevator chain, and are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer (2) in the calibrator through wires; the left side surface of the electromagnetic chuck (9) is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the calibrator housing (3) through screws, and its right side surface is adsorbed on the lower part of the side plate of the original potato planter elevator chain; the single-chip microcomputer (2) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the calibrator housing (3) and is connected to the motor driver (4) in front of it through a wire; the motor driver (4) is connected to the stepping motor (5) below it through a wire, the stepping motor (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the calibrator housing (3) through screws, and is sleeved with the right shaft of the calibration wheel (6) through the output shaft; the left shaft of the calibration wheel (6) is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the calibrator housing (3) through a bearing, and the disc cam (63) of the calibration wheel (6) can drive the cam follower (71) above it to move up and down; the rear side of the cylindrical sleeve of the cam follower (71) is fixedly connected to the sliding baffle in the calibration chamber (7) through a cross plate, and the upper part is sleeved with the bottom post at the front bottom of the material box (8) through a spring; the calibration chamber (7) is sleeved on the rear side wall of the calibration chamber housing (3), and the material box (8) is sleeved above it.

[0006] The structural feature of the waiting chamber in the potato missing-seed calibration device of the present invention lies in: an L-shaped material pipe (72) is provided. The upper pipe orifice of the L-shaped material pipe (72) is communicated with the material box (8), and the lower pipe orifice is communicated with the waiting chamber (7). A sliding baffle is arranged inside the waiting chamber (7). The sliding baffle includes a rear side plate (73) and a front side plate (74). A round hole with the same size as the lower pipe orifice of the L-shaped material pipe (72) is opened on the rear side plate (73), and is fixedly connected with the front side plate (74) through two inclined plates. The geometric center of the front side plate (74) is fixedly connected with a cam follower (71) through a cross bar; the cam follower (71) can move up and down along the strip-shaped notch on the front wall (75) of the waiting chamber; a rectangular notch is opened at the bottom of the front wall (75) of the waiting chamber.

[0007] The structural feature of the calibration wheel in the potato missing-seed calibration device of the present invention lies in: it includes a central shaft (61), two calibration hoppers (62) and two disc-shaped cams (63); two calibration hoppers (62) are symmetrically distributed in the middle of the central shaft (61), and two disc-shaped cams (63) are symmetrically distributed on both sides; the disc-shaped cam (63) can control the opening and closing of the waiting chamber (7) by driving the cam follower (71) to move up and down; the calibration hopper (62) can pick up the calibration material by rotating and sprinkle the material onto the ground to complete the calibration.

[0008] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in:

[0009] 1. Most of the structures of this practical potato missing-seed calibration device are made of transparent resin materials, and an electromagnetic chuck is provided to adsorb on the potato seeder, which can make the whole machine light in weight, small in volume, can be adsorbed stably, can be independently installed and disassembled, and has a wide application range; at the same time, a laser sensor and a small single-chip microcomputer are used to control the stepping motor to achieve the purpose of missing-seed calibration, making the detection and calibration intelligent and highly accurate, so as to effectively reduce the missing-seed rate and increase the yield;

[0010] 2. The potato missing-seed calibration device of the present invention uses non-toxic and brightly colored colored sand as the calibration object, making the calibration mark clearly visible, which is beneficial to subsequent reseeding;

[0011] 3. The potato missing-seed calibration device of the present invention adopts a disc-shaped cam structure, which can drive the cam follower to accurately control the opening and closing of the waiting chamber, making it easy for the calibration hopper to pick up the calibration object, so as to make the calibration more accurate. Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional position diagram of the potato missing-seed calibration device with the left shell of the calibration device hidden;

[0013] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional sectional view of the material box and the waiting chamber;

[0014] Reference Numerals in the Figures: 1 Laser detector, 2 Single-chip microcomputer, 3 Calibrator housing, 4 Stepper motor driver, 5 Stepper motor, 6 Calibration wheel, 61 Central axis, 62 Calibration hopper, 63 Disk cam, 7 Chamber to be calibrated, 71 Cam follower, 72 L-shaped material pipe, 73 Rear side plate, 74 Front side plate, 75 Front wall of the chamber to be calibrated, 8 Feed hopper, 9 Electromagnetic chuck. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0015] The present utility model will be specifically described below in an exemplary manner. Even without further narration, the structures and features in one manner can be beneficially combined with those in other manners.

[0016] Refer to Figure 1 , in this embodiment, the structural form of the potato missing-seeding detection and calibration device is as follows: It includes two laser detectors (1), a calibrator and an electromagnetic chuck (9); the two laser detectors (1) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper parts of the left and right side plates of the original machine's elevating chain, and are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer (2) in the calibrator through wires; the left side of the electromagnetic chuck (9) is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the calibrator housing (3) by screws, and its right side adsorbs on the lower part of the side plate of the elevating chain of the original potato planter. The single-chip microcomputer (2) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the calibrator housing (3) and is connected to the motor driver (4) on its front side through a wire; the motor driver (4) is connected to the stepper motor (5) below it through a wire, the stepper motor (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the calibrator housing (3) by screws, and is sleeved on the right shaft of the calibration wheel (6) through an output shaft; the left shaft of the calibration wheel (6) is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the calibrator housing (3) through a bearing, and the disk cam (63) of the calibration wheel (6) can drive the cam follower (71) above it to move up and down; the rear side of the cylindrical sleeve of the cam follower (71) is fixedly connected to the sliding baffle in the chamber to be calibrated (7) through a cross plate, and the upper part is sleeved on the bottom post at the front bottom of the feed hopper (8) through a spring; the chamber to be calibrated (7) is sleeved on the rear side wall of the calibrator housing (3), and the feed hopper (8) is sleeved above it.

[0017] In specific implementation, as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the structural form of the chamber to be calibrated is set as follows: an L-shaped material pipe (72) is provided. The upper pipe orifice of the L-shaped material pipe (72) is communicated with the material box (8), and the lower pipe orifice is communicated with the chamber to be calibrated (7). A sliding baffle is arranged inside the chamber to be calibrated (7). The sliding baffle includes a rear side plate (73) and a front side plate (74). A round hole with the same size as the bottom pipe orifice of the L-shaped material pipe (72) is opened on the rear side plate (73), and is fixedly connected to the front side plate (74) through two inclined plates. The geometric center of the front side plate (74) is fixedly connected to a cam follower (71) through a cross bar; the cam follower (71) can move up and down along a strip-shaped notch on the front wall (75) of the chamber to be calibrated; a rectangular notch is opened at the bottom of the front wall (75) of the chamber to be calibrated.

[0018] In specific implementation, as Figure 1 shown, the structural form of the calibration wheel is set as follows: it includes a central shaft (61), two calibration hoppers (62) and two disc-shaped cams (63); two calibration hoppers (62) are symmetrically distributed in the middle of the central shaft (61), and two disc-shaped cams (63) are symmetrically distributed on both sides; the disc-shaped cams (63) can control the opening and closing of the chamber to be calibrated (7) by driving the cam follower (71) to move up and down; the calibration hoppers (62) can pick up calibration materials by rotating and sprinkle the materials onto the ground to complete calibration.

[0019] Working process: Before the sowing operation starts, turn on the main power switch of the calibrator. At this time, the electromagnetic chuck 9 is powered and has an adsorption force, and can adsorb the electromagnetic chuck 9 at the bottom of the two side baffles of the elevator chain of the potato planter. After the adsorption is stable, turn the calibration hopper 62 so that the hopper opening faces upward, and then turn on the switch of the single-chip microcomputer 2 to start the sowing operation.

[0020] During sowing, the laser detector 1 located at the lower position on the upper part of the left side plate of the potato planter's elevator chain is in the normally open state, and the laser detector 1 located at the higher position on the right side plate of the potato planter's elevator chain is in the triggered-on state. When a seed-taking spoon passes through the light beam emitted by the laser detector 1 at the lower left position, it will trigger the laser detector 1 at the higher right position to briefly turn on, and it can detect whether there are potato seeds on the seed-taking spoon, and send the detection result to the single-chip microcomputer 2 through a wire. The single-chip microcomputer 2 judges whether there is a missed sowing through the change of the level. If there is a missed sowing, the single-chip microcomputer 2 controls the stepper motor driver 4 to make the stepper motor 5 rotate half a turn. When the calibration wheel 6 rotates half a turn, the calibration hopper 62 rotates accordingly, and the hopper opening facing upwards becomes facing downwards, pouring out the calibration object; at this time, the hopper opening of another calibration hopper 62 changes from facing downwards to facing upwards. While the calibration wheel 6 rotates, the disk-shaped cam 63 on the calibration wheel 6 rotates, and the disk-shaped cam 63 drives the cam follower 71 to move up and down. When the cam follower 71 moves upwards, the calibration object flows from the material box 8 through the L-shaped material pipe 72 into the calibration hopper 62 until it is full, and then the cam follower 71 moves downwards to close the outlet of the L-shaped material pipe 72 and open the opening of the chamber to be calibrated, allowing the material to flow into the lower calibration hopper 62. The calibration object in the calibration hopper 62 is calibrated again when the next missed sowing is detected.

[0021] As described above, it only represents the design scheme of this utility model and does not limit it; any technical personnel in this field can use the technical content described above to modify or quote it as an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes and apply it to other fields. However, without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change and quotation made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A potato missed-seeding calibrator, characterized in that: it includes two laser detectors (1), a calibrator and an electromagnetic chuck (9); the two laser detectors (1) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper parts of the left and right side plates of the original machine's elevating chain, and are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer (2) in the calibrator through wires; the left side of the electromagnetic chuck (9) is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the calibrator housing (3) by screws, and its right side adsorbs on the lower part of the side plate of the elevating chain of the original potato planter; the single-chip microcomputer (2) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the calibrator housing (3), and is connected to the motor driver (4) in front of it through a wire; the motor driver (4) is connected to the stepping motor (5) below it through a wire, the stepping motor (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the calibrator housing (3) by screws, and is sleeved on the right shaft of the calibration wheel (6) through the output shaft; the left shaft of the calibration wheel (6) is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the calibrator housing (3) through a bearing, and the disc cam (63) of the calibration wheel (6) can drive the cam follower (71) above it to move up and down; the cylindrical sleeve at the rear of the cam follower (71) is fixedly connected to the sliding baffle in the to-be-calibrated chamber (7) through a cross plate, and is sleeved on the bottom post at the front bottom of the material box (8) through a spring above; the to-be-calibrated chamber (7) is sleeved on the rear side wall of the calibrator housing (3), and the material box (8) is sleeved above it; the structure of the to-be-calibrated chamber is: an L-shaped material pipe (72) is provided, the upper pipe orifice of the L-shaped material pipe (72) is communicated with the material box (8), the lower pipe orifice is communicated with the to-be-calibrated chamber (7), a sliding baffle is arranged inside the to-be-calibrated chamber (7), the sliding baffle includes a rear side plate (73) and a front side plate (74), a round hole with the same size as the lower pipe orifice of the L-shaped material pipe (72) is opened on the rear side plate (73), and is fixedly connected to the front side plate (74) through two inclined plates, and the geometric center of the front side plate (74) is fixedly connected to the cam follower (71) through a cross bar; the cam follower (71) can move up and down along the strip-shaped notch on the front wall (75) of the to-be-calibrated chamber; a rectangular notch is opened at the bottom of the front wall (75) of the to-be-calibrated chamber.

2. The potato missed-seeding calibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure of the calibration wheel is set as: it includes a middle shaft (61), two calibration hoppers (62) and two disc cams (63); two calibration hoppers (62) are symmetrically distributed in the middle of the middle shaft (61), and two disc cams (63) are symmetrically distributed on both sides; the disc cam (63) can control the opening and closing of the to-be-calibrated chamber (7) by driving the cam follower (71) to move up and down; the calibration hopper (62) can pick up the calibration material by rotating and sprinkle the material on the ground to complete the calibration.

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